CN1087531A - 油性制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

油性制剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN1087531A
CN1087531A CN93109052A CN93109052A CN1087531A CN 1087531 A CN1087531 A CN 1087531A CN 93109052 A CN93109052 A CN 93109052A CN 93109052 A CN93109052 A CN 93109052A CN 1087531 A CN1087531 A CN 1087531A
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丹羽耕三
丹羽笑代
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Abstract

一种油性制剂及其制备方法,其中作为活性组分 的抗氧化物质的活性高,并且进入疾病部位的细胞内 部的穿透能力强。该油性制剂用下述方法制备:将含 有稻谷幼芽和/或小麦幼芽和大豆的谷物原料在不 超过100℃的温度下加热,加热过的物料中加入日本 曲酿造之后,研成细粉,把这种酿造过的细粉加到一 种油混合物中,该油混合物含有以同样方法加热芝麻 得到的油和从生芝麻中得到的油,其中油混合物对细 粉和油混合物的总量的比为60—95%(重量)。

Description

本发明是关于一种油性制剂及其制备方法。尤其是关于含有作为有效成分的抑制人体内产生活性氧和脂质过氧化物的物质的油性制剂。下文中把这些物质称作抗氧化物质。
近来,人们的注意力已经吸引到抗氧化物质上来了,这些物质当用于预防和治疗各种炎症和慢性顽固性疾病,例如,慢性关节风湿病、血栓性静脉炎、进行性系统硬化病、血栓闭塞性脉管炎、雷诺病、顽固性皮肤溃疡,以及由人体内产生的活性氧和脂质过氧化物造成细胞组织破坏而引起的疾病。
按照本发明者的研究已经证明了上述抗氧化物质含有低分子量物质,比如类黄酮类、多酚类、鞣酸类、维生素E、维生素B1和在植物体内含有的类似物,通过作为药品或保健食品口服,抑制人体内生成上述活性氧和脂质过氧化物(见1987年12月1日出版的“日本药剂师协会杂志”No.39.,Vol.102,增补的SOD(过氧化物岐化酶)和天然药物的生物利用率”,PP.1097-1119。
通常,作为含有这样的抗氧化物质的制剂,已经知道的有日本专利1366268的植物营养素和Niwa的日本未审查专利申请公开号63-79834中披露的抗氧化剂组合物。
日本专利1366268的植物营养素是这样制得的:把绿茶未和烘烤过的糙米粉以及豆粉混合在一起;混合物里加入少量日本曲真菌;然后这种混合粉末在麻油和豆油的混合液中浸泡4天,提取有效成分;用离心分离法除去沉淀物;并将油性物质包封在明胶或类似物制的胶囊中。
日本专利申请63-79834的抗氧化剂组合物是这样制得的:将植物籽或其胚芽适当加热,但不能烤焦;随后加进微生物,使加热过的植物原料进行酿造;然后再加到从适当加热的植物中得到的植物油里去。任意地向组合物中加入维生素C、维生素C的衍生物或含有它们的植物体。
使用一种含有抗氧化物质,例如上述的类黄酮类、多酚类、鞣酸类、维生素E、维生素B1等等的种子作为植物种子,包括稻谷、小麦、大麦、大豆、赤豆、谷物、hatomugi(珍珠麦)豌豆。用芝麻油、豆油、棉籽油、玉米油、红花油、月见草油、米糠油、菜油、橄榄油和类似的油作为植物油。
然而,由于日本专利1366268的植物营养素的植物原料的加工方法,使其抗氧化活性低。
Niwa的日本专利申请63-79834的抗氧化剂组合物消除了这一问题,它是通过用远红外辐射使植物原料适当的进行加热,而不烤焦,这样就防止了由于高温而使抗氧化物质减活,从而使原料释放并转化成低分子量的有效成分,还经酿造这样热处理的物料以促使它们进一步释放并转化成低分子量的有效物质,这样就明显地提高了抗氧化物质的活性。
但从那儿之后,按照本发明者的研究已经证明了,虽然上述抗氧化物质在试管里明显的抑制了活性氧和脂质过氧化物的产生,但这些抗氧化物质的活性在人体中却没有足够地显示出来。
我们认为,为了让抗氧化物质能到达有病比如炎症反应或类似由于活性氧和脂质过氧化物引起的病症细胞的里面,它就必须穿过包裹在细胞表面的细胞膜。但是人体细胞膜上有很多油和脂肪成分,因此它具有只让油性物质通过的那样一种性质,所以上述油性物质含量低的抗氧化剂组合物具有的穿透细胞膜进入细胞里的能力就低。
于是,本发明者为了改进抗氧化物质穿透细胞膜的能力,已经作了反复研究,同时也进一步改进选择作为原料的植物种类和它的加工方法。所以,已经得到一种作为有效成分的抗氧化物质的活性高,而且穿透进入有病细胞里面的能力也高的油性制剂,这就完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种油性制剂和它的制备方法,其中作为有效成分的抗氧化物质的活性高、穿透进入疾病部位细胞里的能力也大。
本发明油性制剂的制备方法包括:在不超过100℃的温度下加热稻谷幼芽和/或小麦幼芽和大豆;将日本曲加到热料之中;酿造混合物;然后将混合物粉碎;并将得到的粉碎的混合物加到包括在不超过100℃下加热的芝麻得到的油和由生芝麻得到的油的油混合物中,其中油混合物与粉碎的混合物和油混合物的总量之比为60~95%(重量)。
作为含有很多抗氧化物质的原料,除所说的稻谷幼芽、小麦幼芽和大豆之外,还有在日本未审查专利申请公开号63-79834中所列出的植物种类,即有大麦、赤豆、玉米、hatomugi(珍珠麦)、豌豆等等,但按照本发明者的研究,稻谷幼芽、小麦幼芽和大豆是最好的原料。
列于稻谷幼芽、小麦幼芽和大豆之下的是米糠、hatomugi(珍珠麦)和小麦。所以作为原料,至少一种米糠、hatomugi(珍珠麦)和小麦可与稻谷幼芽和/或小麦幼芽混在一起。在任何情况下,谷物原料中的幼芽(稻谷幼芽和/或小麦幼芽)的比例优选至少大于或等于1%(重量)。
在上述谷物原料中的抗氧化物质与其它物质一起形成复杂的大分子聚合物,所以当它是这样时就没有活性,因此就必须利用适当的加热或类似手段切断大分子键,以便释放出低分子量抗氧化物质。然而如果加热温度过高,低分子量抗氧化物质就被减活,所以就必须注意考虑这种情况,选择加热条件。
为了满足这种条件,必须在低于100℃的温度下,使谷物原料慢慢加热足够长的时间。详细说明一下,就是把谷物原料放在由陶瓷材料制成的容器中,例如陶器或诸如最好能发射4-14μm波长的远红处射线的容器中,慢慢搅拌的同时进行加热,温度保持在大约90~96℃。
加热时间的变化取决于谷物的种类,所以不能不加区别的一概而论,然而最好是大约30分钟到3小时之间。顺便说一下,加热方法并不限于上述方法,只要谷物原料中的抗氧化物质足以以低分子物质释放,同时避免了低分子物质减活的方法都是可行的。
上述加热处理之后,把日本曲(米曲霉)加到原料中进行酿造。酿造条件最好在20~36℃下约2~6天。当用发酵罐进行酿造时,大约2~3小时就足以。为了进一步促使谷物原料中释放并转化成低分子量抗氧化物质要进行这种酿造,通过这种酿造步骤,抗氧化物质的活性与只受热处理的原料比较有了明显的提高。
接着,把酿造过的物料研磨成细粉。可以用一般市售研磨机进行研磨。但是有些种类的研磨机在使用期间产生高温,这样就使抗氧化物质减活。所以,最好使用那些使用时不会产生高温的研磨机。例如,可以使用石磨机。
然后,通过把从加热的芝麻中得到的油(此后称芝麻糊油)和从生芝麻中得到的油以一适当的比率混合制备出混合油。并把上述细粉加到油混合物中,芝麻糊油是通过生芝麻在低于100℃的温度下慢慢加热足够长的时间,并研磨榨制之后得到的油,但是芝麻研磨形成的很细的固态物剩了下来,所以其外表就呈现为糊状。这种芝麻糊油含有充足的低分子量抗氧化物质,并使用它,可得到具有高活性抗氧化物质的油性制剂。
但是,这种芝麻糊油粘性很高,油滴的大小也很大,所以只加芝麻糊油和上述细粉的制剂穿透进疾病部位细胞里的能力就很小。然而,当向芝麻糊油中添加由生芝麻得到的芝麻油时,油滴的大小就小,并且也改进了它穿透进入疾病部位细胞里的能力。
从生芝麻收集起来的油是将生芝麻研磨、压榨之后,除去固态物而制得,也就是市售的普通的芝麻油。因为芝麻糊油与普通芝麻油的混合比不同,也取决于所加细粉的量,所以不能不加区别的决定。就1份重量的芝麻糊油而言,最好是1-3重量份的普通芝麻油。
油混合物与往里加的细粉之比是这样的,即混合油可达二者总重量的60%~95%。如果混合油少于60%(重量),穿透细胞膜的能力就差。另一方面,如果混合油超过95%(重量),作为有效成分的抗氧化物质的浓度就低,所以抑制活性氧和脂质过氧化物产生的能力就会减弱。
本发明口服的油性制剂是这样制备的;油混合物一制出来,就把细粉加入到该油混合物中,并包封进明胶囊或类似物的里面。然而在包封胶囊前,优选先使混合物料在20~35℃下成熟约3~30天,更优选在28~30℃下成熟一周。
通过成熟处理,由于细粉中保留有日本曲而进一步继续释放抗氧化物质和进行抗氧化物质的低分子量的转化,抗氧化物质更好地依附到油混合物上,所以就进一步的改善了活性组分的活性和渗透到细胞里的能力。
本发明的油性制剂还包括一种谷物原料,它包括稻谷幼芽或小麦幼芽和大豆,和任意的至少一种米糠、hatomugi(珍珠麦)或小麦,这些物料在不经加热和酿造的,制成细粉,并与上述加热和酿造过的细粉一起加到的混合物中。
作为有效成分的抗氧化物质不会在未加热和酿造过的谷物原料的细粉中释放和转化成低分子量的物质,然而,当它与加热和酿造过的细粉一起加到混合油中时,就会逐渐进行抗氧化物的释放和低分子量转化,甚至在封入胶囊后也会如此,这是由于酿造过的细粉中仍残留有日本曲的缘故,所以它有这样的优点,就是可以长期保持有抑制活性氧和脂质过氧化物产生的作用。
相反,在只使用加热和酿造过的细粉的油性制剂中,由于酶反应以及类似连续不断的甚至在包胶之后的反应过程,作为有效成分的抗氧化物质逐渐被分解,所以有效期比加入未处理过的细粉做制剂要短。
但是在加入未处理过的细粉太多的情况下,有效成分的活性降低。因此,未处理过的细粉的量优选的约0.5-1份(重量)(基于1份重量的加热和酿造过的细粉)。顺便提一下,还有在包括二类细粉的情况下,油混合物为总重量的60~95%。
在按照本发明这样得到的油性制剂中,抗氧化物质的活性和渗透进入细胞里的能力都很高,也正如下文中所述的临床试验的结果所证明的那样,该制剂明显表现出有抗各种炎症和慢性顽固性疾病的作用,对于这些疾病普遍抗炎剂已没有足够的疗效。
本发明的油性制剂可用明胶等进行胶囊包封作为口服药物。此外,在异常的色素沉着、例如皮炎、褐黄斑、雀斑等,或皱纹等的情况中,可将油性制剂直接施用到作用部位。
除去皮炎和类似病之外,也可以把本油性制剂用于成年人疾病和慢性顽固性疾病,例如慢性关节风湿病、血栓性静脉炎、进行系统硬化症、血栓闭塞性脉管炎、雷诺病、顽固性皮肤溃疡和类似的病。本发明制剂对治疗和预防其它各种污染引起的疾病、灼伤、外伤、疲劳、宿醉、便秘和类似病也有效。
另外,由于本发明的油性制剂只使用谷物、日本曲和芝麻作为原料,没有副作用,所以它能作为保持和增加健康的口服保健食品,不用说,在生产制剂时,可随意加入各种辅助药物或对健康有益的成分,例如,各种维生素、矿物质及类似物,以及加味剂和调味剂、着色剂等。
实例方案
把各1份的稻谷幼芽、大豆、米糠、hatomugi(珍珠麦)和小麦都加到能发射4~14μm的远红外射线的陶制锅里,在90~96℃下,缓慢搅拌下加热3小时,不能烧焦。接着加入总量的3%的日本曲在36~40℃下酿造72小时,然后用一石磨将酿造过的物料研成细粉。另外,上述未加热和酿造过的五种谷物原料也用石磨将其研成同样量的细粉。另一方面,以与上述系列物料相同的方式加热芝麻,并且在石磨上研细之后榨制得到芝麻糊油。
接着,把28.1份(重量)的芝麻糊油与48.9份(重量)的市售芝麻油混合,往这种混合物中加入11.5份(重量)加热和酿造过的细粉和11.5份(重量)的未经热处理的细粉;得到的混合物搅拌均匀。所得混合物在28℃下成熟一周,然后用明胶胶囊包封,就得到油性制剂。
本发明的效果
(Ⅰ)在玻璃试管内试验
(1)为了在玻璃试管内试验达到并穿透油点的能力,把实施方案的油性制剂加到TBA(硫代巴比土酸)反应系统中,在该系统中油性不饱和脂肪酸(二十二碳六烯酸)与由紫外线产生的活性氧反应,并生成脂质过氧化物,测定抑制脂质过氧化物产生的程度。
换句话说就是把1.8mg/ml的本发明油性制剂试验样品加到稀释了100倍的0.1CC的二十二碳六烯酸(decosahexaenoic        acid)中,用TBA反应测定产生的脂质过氧化物。在TBA反应中,把0.2ml        7%的十二烷基硫酸钠、2ml的0.1N        Hcl和0.3ml的磷钨酸混合起来,再把1.8mg/ml的试验样品加到混合液中;加入1ml        0.67%的TBA和乙酸以1∶1混合的试剂,利用荧光分光光度计在515nm处刺激和在553mm处辐射,进行测定。
作为对照例,用日本专利1366268(对比实施例1)的植物营养素和在日本未审查专利申请,公开号63-79834(对比实施例2)所述的抗氧化剂组合物以同样方式进行测定,结果列于表1。
表1
试验样品        平均(6分钟        值)
对照试验        461±62
(UV+)
本发明的油性 121±13***
制剂(1.8mg/ml)
对比实施例1(1.8mg/ml) 271±34**
对比实施例2(1.8mg/ml) 358±45*
UV+:        紫外线照射
***:        0.01<P<0.05(与对照试验比较(V.S.control))
**:        P<0.01(与对照试验比较(V.S.control))
*:        P<0.0001(与对照试验比较(V.S.control))
试验结果
虽然任何一个试验样品都大大地抑制经紫外线照射(′Oz),而从不饱和脂肪酸(二十二碳六烯酸)产生的脂质过氧化物(TBA反应物质),但是本发明的油性制剂特别明显地抑制了脂质过氧化物的产生(P<0.0001)。这个结果支持了这样一个实事,即本发明油性制剂比一般制剂(对比例1和2)具有更高的抗氧化物质活性和更高的穿透进入有病部分细胞内的能力。
(2)[3,4-3H2]抗氧化物质这样制备,其中用同位素(3H)标记本发明油性制剂中包含的低分子量抗氧化物质。把它放入管内的人体组织内;用闪烁计数管测量键合到细胞膜上的[3H2]数(cpm),借此,测定达到细胞膜的能力(氚标记的胸苷是2ci/mM)。
对比例1和2也进行同样试验。结果列于表2中。正如表2表明的那样,本发明的油性制剂与对比例1和2比较,对细胞膜的亲合力最大。
表2
试验样品        cpm结合
对照试验 15643cpm/103细胞
本发明油性制剂 56372cpm/103细胞
(1.8mg/ml)
对比实施例1 33451cpm/103细胞
(1.8mg/ml)
对比实施例2 30567cpm/103细胞
(1.8mg/ml)
(3)本发明的油性制剂经超声处理,并加到产生活性氧的系统中(嗜中性白细胞和黄嘌呤-黄嘌呤氧化酶)以至转化的活体浓度变成1.6mg/ml,同时测定三种活性氧(O-2、H2O2和OH)并与不加制剂的情况(对照)进行比较。转化活体浓度是当每天的普通服用量(9克,在本发明的油性制剂的情况下)被吸收入活体中时假设存在于血液中的量。
三种活性氧的测定方法如下:
对于O-2,用下列方法测定:利用Beckman分光光度计在550nm波长处测定被O-2减少的含铁细胞色素C的量,并转化成O-2的量。
对于H2O2,取决于下列事实,即在过氧化物酶存在下,H2O2对莨蓉亭产生的荧光性的减少,通过使用莨蓉亭和过氧化物酶,用Hitachi Ltd.制造的荧光分光光度计(具有370mm的激发波长和460mm发射波长)测定莨蓉亭的荧光性降低程度。
对于OH.,利用α-酮-甲硫醇-丁酸(α-keto-Methiol-butylicacid)(KMB)与OH.反应产生乙烯气这一原理,使用这样的方法,其中用Hitachi        Ltd.制造的气相色谱仪,将乙烯气定量,再转化成OH.。对比例1和2也进行同样的试验,结果示于表3中。
表3
试验样品        活性氧
试验样品 O-2H2O2OH.
对照试验        1.532nmol        485Pmol        854Pmol
本发明油性制剂        0.589nmol        161Pmol        283Pmol
(1.8mg/ml)
对比例1        1.285nmol        403Pmol        707Pmol
(1.8mg/ml)
对比例2        0.231nmol        538Pmol        108Pmol
(1.8mg/ml)
试验结果
本发明油性制剂的抗氧化作用略低于对比例2,但是又比对比例1表现的抗氧化作用强。但正如上述表1和表2证明的那样,对比例2含的油性物质较少,所以它具有的穿透到达有病细胞的能力差。
所以,从全面来看,本发明的油性制剂,它的抗氧化作用强,穿透进入疾病部分中的细胞内部的能力最强,它作为抗氧化剂是最优秀的。
临床试验
对96位自身免疫疾病,胶原疾病、例如,慢性关节风湿病、血液不良、肾炎、肝硬变、褐黄斑、雀斑及类似的病人进行治疗效果调查,这些病人都对任何一种非甾族消炎药物和甾类化合物药物和对比例2的抗氧化剂组合物有抗药性或更强的抵抗性。
结果列于表4。
表4
试验样品
本发明油性制剂        对比例1        对比例2
疾病        (1.8mg/ml)        (1.8mg/ml)        (1.8mg/ml)
慢性关节风湿病        13/18(72%)        0/7(%)        4/14(28%)
脉管炎        3/5(60%)        0/3(0%)        1/4(25%)
进行性系统
硬化病        9/12(75%)        2/10(20%)        6/12(50%)
皮肤肌炎        6/8(75%)        2/12(16%)        6/13(46%)
血栓性
静脉炎        2/3(66%)        0/4(0%)        1/5(20%)
血栓闭塞性脉管炎        6/8(75%)        0/3(0%)        3/6(50%)
雷诺病        10/12(83%)        3/8(37%)        7/12(58%)
脚的静脉曲张病        8/11(72%)        4/9(44%)        11/15(73%)
顽固性皮肤溃疡        3/5(60%)        1/5(20%)        2/6(33%)
褐黄斑,雀斑        11/14(78%)        4/12(33%)        17/25(68%)

Claims (7)

1、一种油性制剂,通过下述方法制得:
将含有稻谷幼芽和/或小麦幼芽和大豆的谷物原料在不超过100℃的温度下加热;
将加过热的物料磨成细粉;
向粉状物料中加入日本曲,并酿造粉状物料;
将这样酿造过的物料加到油混合物中,该油混合物含有从在低于100℃的温度下加热的芝麻中得到的糊状油和从生芝麻中得到的油,其中所说的油混合物与细粉和油混合物的总量之比为60~95%(重量)。
2、按照权利要求1的油性制剂,它还包括将含有稻谷幼芽和/或小麦幼芽和大豆的谷物原料不经加热和酿造而制成细粉末。
3、按照权利要求1或2的油性制剂,其中所述的加热和未加热的谷物原料除了包括稻谷幼芽和/或小麦幼芽和大豆之外,还包括至少一种米糠、hatomugi(珍珠麦)或小麦。
4、按照权利要求1或2的油性制剂,其用胶囊封包以作为药物或保健食品口服。
5、一种制备油性制剂的方法,其中权利要求1、2或3的谷物原料用波长为4~14μm的远红外光线加热。
6、一种制备油性制剂的方法,其中按照权利要求1、2或3的谷物原料在热处理后在20~36℃下酿造2~6天。
7、一种制备油性制剂的方法,其中将按照权利要求1、2或3的细粉加到油混合物中,以便在20~35℃下成熟3~30天。
CN93109052A 1992-06-22 1993-06-22 油性制剂及其制备方法 Expired - Lifetime CN1065433C (zh)

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CN104178334A (zh) * 2013-05-24 2014-12-03 北京中天金谷粮油工程技术有限公司 芝麻红外焙烘制油工艺

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JPH11269066A (ja) * 1998-03-20 1999-10-05 Kao Corp 経口用美白剤及び美白用食品
AUPP574298A0 (en) * 1998-09-07 1998-10-01 Jacobs, David Ian Pharmaceutical preparation
JP2000159682A (ja) * 1998-09-17 2000-06-13 Kozo Niwa 生薬の抗腫瘍活性強化方法、抗腫瘍活性強化生薬含有組成物、生薬処理の抗腫瘍有効性評価方法、および生薬の抗腫瘍有効性評価方法
JP2000239187A (ja) 1999-02-22 2000-09-05 Dotto:Kk 経鼻吸収用組成物
JP2001199892A (ja) * 2000-01-17 2001-07-24 Kozo Niwa アミグダリン含有物の抗腫瘍活性強化方法、抗腫瘍活性強化アミグダリン含有物を含む組成物、アミグダリン含有物処理の抗腫瘍有効性評価方法、およびアミグダリン含有物の抗腫瘍有効性評価方法
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JP2021031440A (ja) * 2019-08-26 2021-03-01 雄二 松川 天然物由来の低分子抗酸化性化合物を含有する活性酸素除去剤と、マクロファージとリンパ球を増強するために用いられる天然物由来の免疫活性化剤とを有する抗腫瘍剤セット
JP2021031439A (ja) * 2019-08-26 2021-03-01 雄二 松川 免疫細胞の暴走を抑制しdnaやテロメアの損傷防護を行う経口摂取用活性酸素除去剤の製造方法

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CN104178334A (zh) * 2013-05-24 2014-12-03 北京中天金谷粮油工程技术有限公司 芝麻红外焙烘制油工艺

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