CN108751972B - 一种应用于nfmi的软磁铁氧体材料及其磁芯制备方法 - Google Patents

一种应用于nfmi的软磁铁氧体材料及其磁芯制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108751972B
CN108751972B CN201810522728.9A CN201810522728A CN108751972B CN 108751972 B CN108751972 B CN 108751972B CN 201810522728 A CN201810522728 A CN 201810522728A CN 108751972 B CN108751972 B CN 108751972B
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nfmi
soft magnetic
magnetic ferrite
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ferrite
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CN108751972A (zh
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张素荣
李林杰
楼灵芝
王威旺
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Shanghai Amphenol Airwave Communication Electronics Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种应用于NFMI的软磁铁氧体材料，包括主成分和掺杂成分，所述主成分组成为Fe2O3、NiO、ZnO、CuO、Co2O3，所述掺杂成分选自CaO、Nb2O5、ZrO2、TiO2、Mn3O4、Bi2O3、V2O5中的1种或多种；本发明还提供其磁芯制备方法；本发明通过对NiCuZn铁氧体主成分及掺杂成分进行优化，获得适用于NFMI应用的高性能铁氧体磁芯，所开发磁芯在10～14MHz工作频率范围，磁芯组装天线Q值高，通讯距离更远。

Description

一种应用于NFMI的软磁铁氧体材料及其磁芯制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种磁性材料，特别涉及一种应用于NFMI的软磁铁氧体材料及其磁芯制备方法。
背景技术
NFMI(Near Field Magnetic Induction)是一种基于近场磁感应来实现无线传输音频流和数据通信的技术，是从免接触式射频识别(RFID)演变而来，由恩智浦半导体、诺基亚和索尼共同研制开发，能够让电子设备之间进行非接触式点对点资料传输，NFMI属于短距离高频的无线电技术，通过磁场感应方式实现无线通讯，工作在10MHz到14MHz的载波频率范围内。与射频技术相比，NFMI技术发射功率小，更加节能，对人体电磁辐射伤害小；且信号有效距离一般在50cm范围内。隐私性和抗干扰能力更强。
早先市面上的普通无线耳塞技术都是基于蓝牙Classic的A2DP协议，而A2DP协议本身设计是点对点传输音频数据，当用户希望两个耳机完全没有线缆时这个技术需要做些修改，最常见的是CSR提供的中继方案：一个耳塞收到A2DP的立体声Audio之后，本地分离出左右声道再次通过蓝牙传输到另一个耳塞，同时做同步控制。它最大的问题是人体皮肤对2.4G信号的吸收，导致音频传输不稳等问题。而NFMI技术的出现解决了这个问题，对于人体免疫的特性让他非常适合作音频中继的用途。用户可采用超低功耗的单颗芯片，为两颗耳机之间的连接提供稳定和安全的无线连接。结合蓝牙与NFMI技术，可以实现耳机与设备、左右耳机之前完全无线的“双耳无线立体声耳机”，为运动等应用场景下极大提升了便利性。
NFMI技术具有以下优点：私密性高：近场通讯，不易影响到其他设备，也不容易被探测到；能耗低：无线发射功率只有1.62mW；小型化：较小的天线尺寸；与其他无线技术的共存和兼容性；安全性，NFMI技术在医疗助听设备上已经使用10年以上。
恩智浦半导体2016年9月27日宣布，总部位于中国的原始设计制造商科奈信公司发布了基于NFMI技术量产型无线耳机的参考设计。新的设计基于恩智浦NXH2280，是一款采用NFMI无线电技术的超低功耗单芯片解决方案，针对无线音频和数据通信进行了优化，可在用户周围提供稳定而紧凑的体域网。借助科奈信的参考设计，蓝牙手机制造商、智能手机供应商和其他企业能够将无线产品快速推向市场，让消费者通过智能手机和其他移动设备体验到真正的无线连接。
此外，16年09月Apple推出的AirPods，让双耳无线耳塞产品再次火了一把。相信在AirPods的刺激下，在不久的将来结合蓝牙与NFMI技术的真无线耳机将迎来爆发式增长。
从已经公开的专利内容来看，基于NFMI的无线耳机技术目前主要在芯片、结构方案上开展研究，而从磁性材料改善上提高NFMI性能进行研究开发则鲜有报道；而且现有的磁性材料中能适用于NFMI的磁性材料通讯距离一般在30cm左右，仍需要进一步提升。
发明内容
本发明提供一种应用于NFMI的软磁铁氧体材料及其磁芯制备方法，本专利从提高NFMI天线磁芯性能入手，开发适用于NFMI无线耳机的天线磁芯，提高NFMI无线耳机传输距离。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种应用于NFMI的软磁铁氧体材料，包括主成分和掺杂成分，所述主成分包括Fe2O3、NiO、ZnO、CuO、Co2O3，所述掺杂成分选自CaO、Nb2O5、ZrO2、TiO2、Mn3O4、Bi2O3、V2O5中的1种或多种。
优选的，所述主成分按重量计为100％，组成为Fe2O3 65～67wt％、NiO 7～10wt％、ZnO 15～20wt％、CuO 4～9wt％、Co2O3 0.2～1.5wt％。
优选的，所述掺杂成分中各组分按重量计，分别占所述主成分总重量为CaO 0.02～0.1wt％、和/或Nb2O5 0.05～0.2wt％、和/或ZrO2 0.05～0.2wt％、和/或TiO2 0.05～0.2wt％、和/或Mn3O4 0.1～0.5wt％、和/或Bi2O3 0.02～0.2％、和/或V2O5 0.02～0.2％；以主成分计，所述掺杂成分总添加量≤2wt％。
本发明还提供一种应用于NFMI的软磁铁氧体磁芯制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：配制软磁铁氧体材料原料；
S2：将步骤S1中的原料混合研磨处理、预烧、二次球磨、烘干造粒得到铁氧体粉末造粒料；
S3：将步骤S2得到的铁氧体粉末造粒料模压成型、烧结、磨加工、清洗烘干等得到所需铁氧体磁芯。
优选的，所述步骤S1中，磁铁氧体材料原料为上述应用于NFMI的软磁铁氧体材料。
优选的，所述步骤S2中，所述混合研磨处理为干法振磨或湿法砂磨然后喷雾造粒；所述二次球磨为湿法砂磨，粒径要求为D50＝0.8～2μm。
优选的，所述步骤S2中，所述预烧为回转窑或推板窑烧结，预烧温度850～950℃，预烧时间1～5h。
优选的，所述步骤S2中，所述烘干造粒为喷雾造粒或滚筒造粒，造粒添加PVA溶液量为铁氧体粉料0.5～2wt％，PVA溶液浓度5～10wt％。
优选的，所述步骤S2中，得到的所述铁氧体粉末造粒料为60～180目、适用于干压成型的铁氧体粉末造粒料。
优选的，所述步骤S3中，所述模压成型为机械压机或液压机成型，成型密度3～3.6g/cm3；所述烧结在空气或氧气气氛中烧结，烧结温度为900～1100℃，保温时间1～5h；所述磨加工为对烧结磁性体的外径、端面进行研磨。
基于NFMI的无线耳机接收端通过感应发射端磁场信号，实现两耳之间超低功耗信号传输，需要铁氧体磁芯在10～14MHz工作频率范围有高磁导率、低损耗。从降低涡流损耗考虑，Fe2+含量越低越好，过量的Fe会增加Fe2+含量；此外磁体越致密，有助于降低磁滞损耗。采用缺铁成分,有助于增加氧空位、降低烧结温度、促进烧结致密化。据此，Fe2O3含量定为65～67wt％。
添加CuO不仅可以降低烧结温度、增大烧结密度以提高磁导率，同时还有助于提高品质因子。但添加量过多，则CuO作为杂相在晶界析出，并产生晶界应力从而降低材料电感温度特性。本发明中采用CuO含量为4～9wt％。
镍锌铁氧体材料磁导率随着氧化锌含量增加而增加，阻抗却随锌离子取代的增加而减少。ZnO添加量增大有利于提高材料磁导率，但含量过高将使材料居里温度降低、温度稳定性降低，不利于实际使用。本发明中采用ZnO含量为15～20wt％。
为了使材料在10～14MHz工作频率范围具有较高的磁导率和较低的磁损耗，NiO的含量定为7～10wt％。
Co2O3增加有利于增加材料畴壁能并减小晶粒尺寸，使晶粒起始磁化过程主要为磁畴转动，有利于提高材料截止频率，降低损耗。且Co添加通过K1补偿作用，使μ～T曲线平坦，有效改善材料温度稳定性，但如果Co添加过多，对磁导率起恶化作用。本发明中采用Co2O3的含量为0.2～1.5wt％。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果如下：
本发明通过合理的配方配制软磁铁氧体材料原料，磁芯制备NFMI天线能有更远通讯距离；
当然，实施本发明的任一产品并不一定需要同时达到以上所述的所有优点。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应该理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明，而不用于限定本发明的保护范围。在实际应用中本领域技术人员根据本发明做出的改进和调整，仍属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1：
本实施例主要用于NFMI应用天线磁芯生产，主成分：Fe2O3为66.3wt％、NiO为8.5wt％、ZnO为17.1wt％、CuO为7.5wt％、Co2O3为0.6wt％。掺杂成分：以主相成分计，Mn3O4添加0.1wt％。
(1)按上述配比称取金属氧化物原料，利用钢球做研磨介质，在通过式砂磨机中加入去离子水湿法混合、研磨，一次砂磨后原材料激光粒度D50＝0.8～1μm。砂磨结束浆料打入化浆池加入PVA溶液并混合均匀。混合浆料经喷雾干燥得到红粉造粒料颗粒。红粉造粒料颗粒经回转窑预烧，预烧温度为850℃，空气气氛预烧。预烧后粉料经二次湿法砂磨，然后再次喷雾干燥得到所需的铁氧体粉末造粒料。
(2)铁氧体粉末造粒料通过模压成型为坯体，成型为两种尺寸，对应磁芯尺寸分别为20(OD)×10(ID)×5(H)、Φ3.5×6。其中20(OD)×10(ID)×5(H)规格磁芯用于测试复数磁导率(@10MHz)；Φ5×4.5磁芯用于绕线圈制备成天线测试天线感应通讯距离。压坯进行烧结，烧结工艺：烧结温度1000℃，保温时间2h。
(3)烧结好磁芯机械加工去除毛刺及达到所需尺寸、公差，烘干，包装，获得所需测试用磁环(20(OD)×10(ID)×5(H))、及绕制天线用磁芯产品(φ5×4.5)。
实施例2：
本实施例主要用于NFMI应用天线磁芯生产，主成分：Fe2O3为65.5wt％、NiO为10wt％、ZnO为15.9wt％、CuO为7.4wt％、Co2O3为1.2wt％。掺杂成分：以主相成分计，Mn3O4添加0.1wt％、ZrO2各添加0.1wt％。
制备工艺中烧结温度1010℃，保温时间2h，其余与实施例1相同。
实施例3：
本实施例主要用于NFMI应用天线磁芯生产，主成分：Fe2O3为66.3wt％、NiO为7.9wt％、ZnO为16.3wt％、CuO为8.5wt％、Co2O3为1wt％。掺杂成分：以主相成分计，CaO添加0.05wt％、Nb2O5添加0.1wt％。
制备工艺中烧结温度980℃，保温时间2h，其余与实施例1相同。
实施例4：
本实施例主要用于NFMI应用天线磁芯生产，主成分：Fe2O3为66.4wt％、NiO为9.4wt％、ZnO为17wt％、CuO为6.8wt％、Co2O3为0.4wt％。掺杂成分：以主相成分计，Mn3O4添加0.1wt％、Nb2O5添加0.1wt％。
制备工艺中烧结温度1030℃，保温时间2h，其余与实施例1相同。
实施例5：
本实施例主要用于NFMI应用天线磁芯生产，主成分：Fe2O3为66.5wt％、NiO为10wt％、ZnO为19.1wt％、CuO为4wt％、Co2O3为0.4wt％。掺杂成分：以主相成分计，Mn3O4添加0.5wt％、TiO2添加0.1wt％、V2O5添加0.1wt％。
制备工艺中预烧温度880℃，烧结温度1080℃，保温时间3h，其余与实施例1相同。
实施例6：
本实施例主要用于NFMI应用天线磁芯生产，主成分：Fe2O3为65.8wt％、NiO为8.5wt％、ZnO为16.7wt％、CuO为8wt％、Co2O3为1wt％。掺杂成分：以主相成分计，Nb2O5添加0.1wt％。
制备工艺中烧结温度970℃，保温时间2h，其余与实施例1相同。
实施例7
本实施例主要用于NFMI应用天线磁芯生产，主成分：Fe2O3为65wt％、NiO为7wt％、ZnO为17.5wt％、CuO为9wt％、Co2O3为1.5wt％。掺杂成分：以主相成分计，Mn3O4添加0.2wt％、ZrO2添加0.1wt％、Bi2O3添加0.05wt％。
制备工艺中烧结温度960℃，保温时间2h，其余与实施例1相同。
实施例8
本实施例主要用于NFMI应用天线磁芯生产，主成分：Fe2O3为66.8wt％、NiO为10wt％、ZnO为15.2wt％、CuO为7.8wt％、Co2O3为0.2wt％。掺杂成分：以主相成分计，Mn3O4添加0.5wt％、ZrO2添加0.1wt％、Bi2O3添加0.05wt％。
制备工艺中烧结温度980℃，保温时间2h，其余与实施例1相同。
对比实施例1：
本实施例主要用与实施例1做对比，主成分：Fe2O3为65.8wt％、NiO为6.9wt％、ZnO为19.2wt％、CuO为7.5wt％、Co2O3为0.6wt％。无掺杂成分。
制备工艺中烧结工艺1000℃，保温时间2h，其余与实施例1相同。
对比实施例2：
本实施例主要用与实施例4做对比，主成分：Fe2O3为66.4wt％、NiO为9.1wt％、ZnO为17wt％、CuO为7.5wt％。掺杂成分：以主相成分计，Mn3O4添加0.1wt％、Nb2O5添加0.1wt％。
制备工艺中烧结工艺990℃，保温时间2h，其余与实施例1相同。
对比实施例3：
本实施例主要用与实施例1做对比，主成分：Fe2O3为65.5wt％、NiO为11.5wt％、ZnO为14.9wt％、CuO为7.5wt％、Co2O3为0.6wt％。掺杂成分：以主相成分计，Mn3O4添加0.1wt％。
制备工艺中烧结工艺1000℃，保温时间2h，其余与实施例1相同。
实施例结果对比
各实施例烧结样品测试复数磁导率测试(@10MHz)性能见表1，测试样品规格为20(OD)×10(ID)×5(H)；
表1：实施例1～8和对比例1～3复数磁导率测试
Figure BDA0001675223190000071
Figure BDA0001675223190000081
表中，μ′、μ″、Q分别表示复数磁导率的实部、虚部、品质因子。
将各实施例烧结样品制成ф5*×4.5mm磁棒，并绕制ф0.12mm的铜线，做成NFMI天线。由于芯片的要求每款产品绕制不同的线圈匝数至3.7+/-0.1uH,所有天线在NXPNxH2281SDK开发板上测试性能见表2。
表2各实施例天线的测试性能
Figure BDA0001675223190000082
表中，Ls/uH表示串联电感，Q表示品质因子，Music transmission distance表示组装成天线的音乐通讯距离。
从表1和表2中可以看出，本发明的软磁铁氧体制备的芯片用于天线时，通讯距离均高于31cm，甚至达到33.5cm，即本发明的NiCuZn软磁铁氧体配方在制备工艺相同情况下，通过合理主相比例及掺杂，磁芯制备NFMI天线能有更远通讯距离。
以上公开的本发明优选实施例只是用于帮助阐述本发明。优选实施例并没有详尽叙述所有的细节，也不限制该发明仅为所述的具体实施方式。显然，根据本说明书的内容，可作很多的修改和变化。本说明书选取并具体描述这些实施例，是为了更好地解释本发明的原理和实际应用，从而使所属技术领域技术人员能很好地理解和利用本发明。本发明仅受权利要求书及其全部范围和等效物的限制。

Claims (8)

1.一种应用于NFMI的软磁铁氧体材料，其特征在于，包括主成分和掺杂成分，所述主成分包括Fe2O3、NiO、ZnO、CuO、Co2O3，所述掺杂成分选自CaO、Nb2O5、ZrO2、TiO2、Mn3O4、Bi2O3、V2O5中的1种或多种；
所述主成分按重量计为100%，组成为Fe2O3 65～67wt%、NiO 7～10wt%、ZnO 15～20wt%、CuO 4～9wt%、Co2O3 0.2～1.5 wt%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用于NFMI的软磁铁氧体材料，其特征在于，所述掺杂成分中各组分按重量计，分别占所述主成分总重量为CaO 0.02～0.1wt%、和/或Nb2O5 0.05～0.2wt%、和/或ZrO2 0.05～0.2wt%、和/或TiO2 0.05～0.2wt%、和/或Mn3O4 0.1～0.5wt%、和/或Bi2O3 0.02～0.2%、和/或V2O5 0.02～0.2%；以主成分计，所述掺杂成分总添加量≤2wt%。
3.一种应用于NFMI的软磁铁氧体磁芯制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1：配制磁铁氧体材料原料；
S2：将步骤S1中的原料混合研磨处理、预烧、二次球磨、烘干造粒得到铁氧体粉末造粒料；
S3：将步骤S2得到的铁氧体粉末造粒料模压成型、烧结、磨加工、清洗烘干等得到所需铁氧体磁芯；
所述步骤S1中，磁铁氧体材料原料为权利要求1-2任一权利要求所述的应用于NFMI的软磁铁氧体材料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的应用于NFMI的软磁铁氧体磁芯制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S2中，所述混合研磨处理为干法振磨或湿法砂磨然后喷雾造粒；所述二次球磨为湿法砂磨，粒径要求为D50=0.8～2μm。
5.根据权利要求3所述的应用于NFMI的软磁铁氧体磁芯制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S2中，所述预烧为回转窑或推板窑烧结，预烧温度850～950℃，预烧时间1～5h。
6.根据权利要求3所述的应用于NFMI的软磁铁氧体磁芯制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S2中，所述烘干造粒为喷雾造粒或滚筒造粒，造粒添加PVA溶液量为铁氧体粉料0.5～2wt%，PVA溶液浓度5～10wt%。
7.根据权利要求3所述的应用于NFMI的软磁铁氧体磁芯制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S2中，得到的所述铁氧体粉末造粒料为60～180目、适用于干压成型的铁氧体粉末造粒料。
8.根据权利要求3所述的应用于NFMI的软磁铁氧体磁芯制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S3中，所述模压成型为机械压机或液压机成型，成型密度3～3.6g/cm3；所述烧结在空气或氧气气氛中烧结，烧结温度为900～1100℃，保温时间1～5h；所述磨加工为对烧结磁性体的外径、端面进行研磨。
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CN109336581B (zh) * 2018-11-30 2021-12-14 东莞顺络电子有限公司 铁氧体材料及其制备方法
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