CN113185276A - 常温高标软磁铁氧体材料及材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

常温高标软磁铁氧体材料及材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113185276A
CN113185276A CN202110519671.9A CN202110519671A CN113185276A CN 113185276 A CN113185276 A CN 113185276A CN 202110519671 A CN202110519671 A CN 202110519671A CN 113185276 A CN113185276 A CN 113185276A
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temperature
ball milling
normal
soft magnetic
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李崇华
廖继红
汪竞阳
黄刚
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China Magnetic Electronic Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及软磁铁氧体领域,公开了常温高标软磁铁氧体材料及材料的制备方法。本发明公开的一种常温高标软磁铁氧体材料,包括主体料和辅助料,主体料按摩尔份数计,包括有:68‑76mol的Fe2O3、10‑16mol的MnO、8‑12mol的ZnO,相对于所述主体料的质量,辅助料按质量添加为:200‑500PPM的Al2O3、300‑800PPM的CaCO3、50‑100PPM的SiO2、100‑300PPM的MoO3、50‑200PPM的V2O5、100‑300PPM的CaCu3Ti4O12。本发明可减小常温环境下的功率损耗。

Description

常温高标软磁铁氧体材料及材料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及软磁铁氧体技术领域,特别涉及一种常温高标软磁铁氧体材料及材料的制备方法。
背景技术
随着科学技术的进步,软磁铁氧体材料作为一种重要的基础功能材料,广泛应用于通信、家电数码、汽车电子等领域,其主要作用是对电子系统的电磁信号进行处理,比如耦合、转换、隔离、吸收、传输等。软磁铁氧体是以Fe2O3为主成分的亚铁磁性氧化物,根据成分的不同,可以分为MnZn铁氧体、CuZn铁氧体、NiZn铁氧体、MgZn铁氧体等几类,其中,MnZn铁氧体相比于其它几种软磁铁氧体,具有更高的饱和磁感应强度和起始磁导率,产量和用量也最大。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供常温高标软磁铁氧体材料及材料的制备方法,旨在达到减小常温环境下功率损耗的目的。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的:一种常温高标软磁铁氧体材料,其特征在于:包括主体料和辅助料;
所述主体料按摩尔份数计,包括有:
Fe2O3 68-76mol;
MnO 10-16mol;
ZnO 8-12mol;
相对于所述主体料的质量,所述辅助料按质量添加为:
Figure BDA0003063413470000011
本发明的进一步设置为:所述SiO2呈颗粒状,所述SiO2的尺寸为50-200nm。
本发明的进一步设置为:相对于所述主体料的质量,所述辅助料按质量还包括有50-200PPM的Bi2O3
本发明的进一步设置为:相对于所述主体料的质量,所述辅助料按质量还包括有50-100PPM的ZrC;
本发明还提供了一种制备如上任一项所述的常温高标软磁铁氧体材料的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,按摩尔份取主体料的各个组分,并将主体料进行一次球磨;
S2,对一次球磨完成的物料进行预烧;
S3,向预烧完成的物料中按照质量加入各个辅助料;
S4,对S3中的物料进行二次球磨;
S5,对二次球磨完成的物料进行制粒;
S6,将S5中的物料进行压制成型;
S7,对成型的材料进行烧结,冷却得到产品。
本发明的进一步设置为:所述S1中球磨介质包括锆球。
本发明的进一步设置为:所述S3中球磨介质包括锆球。
本发明的进一步设置为:所述S7中烧结过程为:
S7-1,从室温开始以3-4℃/min的速度升至300-350℃,再以1.5-2℃/min的速度升至670-720℃,保持0.5-1h,以1.5-2℃/min的速度升至770-820℃,保持0.5-1h;
S7-2,以2-3℃/min的速度升至900-950℃,保持0.5-1h;
S7-3,以1-2℃/min的速度升至1350-1370℃,保持3-5h。
本发明的有益效果是:
1、本发明中含有CaCO3、SiO2、V2O5、MoO3、Al2O3、Bi2O3,最终产品晶粒尺寸为3~5μm,起始磁导率较高,常温功率损耗较低,饱和磁感应强度较高。同时,钛酸铜钙CaCu3Ti4O12(简称CCTO)为钙钛矿立方晶系结构,具有巨介电常数和极低的损耗,在很宽的温区范围内(100-400K)介电常数值几乎不变,由于Cu元素的存在,钛酸铜钙熔点较低(小于1100℃),在烧结过程中会形成液相,促进晶粒的生长,并使晶粒均匀性提高,铁氧体的气孔率下降,密度提高,因此饱和磁感应强度提高。由于辅助料中的Al2O3具有较高的熔点,因此在晶粒生长初期Al2O3能够阻止晶粒过度生长,或不连续生长,保证了晶粒的均匀性和致密性。MoO3能够协同钛酸铜钙、Al2O3,促进晶粒的生长并且抑制过大晶粒的出现,减小气孔率,从而改善材料的微观结构,提高起始磁导率。
另外,钛酸铜钙不仅可存在于晶界处,使铁氧体的电阻率提高,铁氧体的涡流损耗降低,铁氧体的损耗降低,且钛酸铜钙中Ti4+会进入晶格中,为了满足电中性的条件,部分Fe3+将会被还原成Fe2+,致使Fe2+的含量增加,减小了铁氧体的磁晶各向异性常数,提高了铁氧体的起始磁导率。同时由于Ti4+离子价键高而且半径比Fe3+小,易于替代Fe3+强占八面体位置与Fe2+组合,之间形成稳定的Ti4+-Fe2+对,减少了电子在Fe3+-Fe2+之间跳跃的概率,导致了锰锌铁氧体电阻率增加,降低损耗。同时,钙元素易于在高温烧结时以CaSiO3另相析出在晶粒的边界处,使晶粒边界增厚,从而提高晶界电阻率,降低损耗。
2、Bi2O3的添加,由于Bi2O3的熔点较低,在烧结过程中会形成液相,促进晶粒的生长,有助于形成较均匀的显微结构,晶粒的增大有利于磁化过程畴壁的移动,从而提高铁氧体的初始磁导率。MoO3能够协同钛酸铜钙、Al2O3、Bi2O3抑制过大晶粒的出现,降低气孔率,促进晶粒分布均匀,减小铁氧体内应力。
3、ZrC的添加,ZrC可存在于晶界处,提高晶界电阻率,降低损耗,同时,而且Zr4+可进入晶格内部后,部分Fe3+将会被还原成Fe2+,致使Fe2+的含量增加,减小了铁氧体的磁晶各向异性常数,提高了铁氧体的起始磁导率。同时,高价Zr4+的把Fe2+束缚在其周围,使得Fe2+不能参与导电,从而提高了晶粒的电阻率,降低损耗。同时,ZrC的熔点高,可协同V2O5、MoO3,阻止晶粒过度生长,保证了晶粒的均匀性。
4、S7-1中三段式升温的设置,其中,第二段升温(再以1.5-2℃/min的速度升至670-720℃,保持0.5-1h)用于促进V2O5平稳融化,有利于晶粒的均匀生长,第三段升温(再以1.5-2℃/min的速度升至670-720℃,保持0.5-1h,以1.5-2℃/min的速度升至770-820℃,保持0.5-1h;)用于MoO3、Bi2O3平稳融化,有利于晶粒的均匀生长。因此,三段式升温的设置可使晶粒V2O5、MoO3、Bi2O3均可逐渐平稳融合,更好与制备铁氧体的其它组分混合均匀,促进晶粒的均匀生长。
5、一次球磨和二次球磨的球磨介质均包括锆球,随着球磨过程的进行,锆球含有的氧化锆易部分引入制备铁氧体的粉料中,氧化锆作为一种高电阻材料,可增加铁氧体的电阻率,从而使铁氧体损耗减少。
具体实施方式
下面将结合具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种常温高标软磁铁氧体材料,包括主体料和辅助料;
所述主体料按摩尔份数计,包括有:
Fe2O3 68mol;
MnO 16mol;
ZnO 8mol;
相对于所述主体料的质量,所述辅助料按质量添加为:
Figure BDA0003063413470000041
所述SiO2呈颗粒状,且所述SiO2的尺寸为50-200nm。
一种制备如上所述的常温高标软磁铁氧体材料的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,按摩尔份取主体料的各个组分,并将主体料进行一次球磨,球磨时间为2h,球磨转速为230转/分钟,球磨介质包括锆球和去离子水,主体料:锆球:去离子水的质量比为1:3:1.5;
S2,对一次球磨完成的物料进行预烧,温度为900℃,时间为2h;
S3,向预烧完成的物料中按照质量加入各个辅助料;
S4,对S3中的物料进行二次球磨,时间为4h,球磨转速为230转/分钟,球磨介质包括锆球和去离子水,制备铁氧体物料:锆球:去离子水的质量比为1:3:1.2;
S5,对二次球磨完成的物料进行制粒,其中制粒时加入主体料质量5%的PVA溶液;
S6,将S5中的物料进行压制成型,其中加压方式为单向加压,成型时施加压力为6MPa,保压时间为12s;
S7,对成型的材料进行烧结,冷却得到产品。
所述S7均在常压下进行,且其烧结过程为:
S7-1,从室温开始以3℃/min的速度升至350℃,再以1.5℃/min的速度升至720℃,保持0.5h,以2℃/min的速度升至770℃,保持1h;
S7-2,以2℃/min的速度升至950℃,保持0.5h;
S7-3,以2℃/min的速度升至1350℃,保持5h,其中最高温度下氧含量为9%。
经检测,最终产品晶粒尺寸为3-5μm,起始磁导率ui为2550(±25%),常温、100kHz、200mTBs值下功率损耗为268kW/m3,100℃Bs值为470mT。
实施例2
一种常温高标软磁铁氧体材料,包括主体料和辅助料;
所述主体料按摩尔份数计,包括有:
Fe2O3 76mol;
MnO 10mol;
ZnO 12mol;
相对于所述主体料的质量,所述辅助料按质量添加为:
Figure BDA0003063413470000051
所述SiO2呈颗粒状,且所述SiO2的尺寸为50-200nm。
一种制备如上所述的常温高标软磁铁氧体材料的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,按摩尔份取主体料的各个组分,并将主体料进行一次球磨,球磨时间为2h,球磨转速为230转/分钟,球磨介质包括锆球和去离子水,主体料:锆球:去离子水的质量比为1:3:1.5;
S2,对一次球磨完成的物料进行预烧,温度为900℃,时间为2h;
S3,向预烧完成的物料中按照质量加入各个辅助料;
S4,对S3中的物料进行二次球磨,时间为4h,球磨转速为230转/分钟,球磨介质包括锆球和去离子水,制备铁氧体物料:锆球:去离子水的质量比为1:3:1.2;
S5,对二次球磨完成的物料进行制粒,其中制粒时加入主体料质量5%的PVA溶液;
S6,将S5中的物料进行压制成型,其中加压方式为单向加压,成型时施加压力为6MPa,保压时间为12s;
S7,对成型的材料进行烧结,冷却得到产品。
所述S7均在常压下进行,且其烧结过程为:
S7-1,从室温开始以4℃/min的速度升至300℃,再以2℃/min的速度升至670℃,保持1h,以1.5℃/min的速度升至820℃,保持0.5h;
S7-2,以3℃/min的速度升至900℃,保持1h;
S7-3,以1℃/min的速度升至1370℃,保持3h,其中最高温度下氧含量为9%。
经检测,最终产品晶粒尺寸为3-5μm,起始磁导率ui为2750(±25%),常温、100kHz、200mTBs值下功率损耗为250kW/m3,100℃Bs值为485mT。
实施例3
一种常温高标软磁铁氧体材料,包括主体料和辅助料;
所述主体料按摩尔份数计,包括有:
Fe2O3 72mol;
MnO 13mol;
ZnO 10mol;
相对于所述主体料的质量,所述辅助料按质量添加为:
Figure BDA0003063413470000061
所述SiO2呈颗粒状,且所述SiO2的尺寸为50-200nm。
一种制备如上所述的常温高标软磁铁氧体材料的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,按摩尔份取主体料的各个组分,并将主体料进行一次球磨,球磨时间为2h,球磨转速为230转/分钟,球磨介质包括锆球和去离子水,主体料:锆球:去离子水的质量比为1:3:1.5;
S2,对一次球磨完成的物料进行预烧,温度为900℃,时间为2h;
S3,向预烧完成的物料中按照质量加入各个辅助料;
S4,对S3中的物料进行二次球磨,时间为4h,球磨转速为230转/分钟,球磨介质包括锆球和去离子水,制备铁氧体物料:锆球:去离子水的质量比为1:3:1.2;
S5,对二次球磨完成的物料进行制粒,其中制粒时加入主体料质量5%的PVA溶液;
S6,将S5中的物料进行压制成型,其中加压方式为单向加压,成型时施加压力为6MPa,保压时间为12s;
S7,对成型的材料进行烧结,冷却得到产品。
所述S7均在常压下进行,且其烧结过程为:
S7-1,从室温开始以3.5℃/min的速度升至325℃,再以1.75℃/min的速度升至695℃,保持0.75h,以1.75℃/min的速度升至795℃,保持0.75h;
S7-2,以2.5℃/min的速度升至925℃,保持0.75h;
S7-3,以1.5℃/min的速度升至1360℃,保持4h,其中最高温度下氧含量为9%。
经检测,最终产品晶粒尺寸为3-5μm,起始磁导率ui为2680(±25%),常温、100kHz、200mTBs值下功率损耗为260kW/m3,100℃Bs值为480mT。
实施例4
一种常温高标软磁铁氧体材料,包括主体料和辅助料;
所述主体料按摩尔份数计,包括有:
Fe2O3 70mol;
MnO 11mol;
ZnO 10mol;
相对于所述主体料的质量,所述辅助料按质量添加为:
Figure BDA0003063413470000071
所述SiO2呈颗粒状,且所述SiO2的尺寸为50-200nm。
一种制备如上所述的常温高标软磁铁氧体材料的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,按摩尔份取主体料的各个组分,并将主体料进行一次球磨,球磨时间为2h,球磨转速为230转/分钟,球磨介质包括锆球和去离子水,主体料:锆球:去离子水的质量比为1:3:1.5;
S2,对一次球磨完成的物料进行预烧,温度为900℃,时间为2h;
S3,向预烧完成的物料中按照质量加入各个辅助料;
S4,对S3中的物料进行二次球磨,时间为4h,球磨转速为230转/分钟,球磨介质包括锆球和去离子水,制备铁氧体物料:锆球:去离子水的质量比为1:3:1.2;
S5,对二次球磨完成的物料进行制粒,其中制粒时加入主体料质量5%的PVA溶液;
S6,将S5中的物料进行压制成型,其中加压方式为单向加压,成型时施加压力为6MPa,保压时间为12s;
S7,对成型的材料进行烧结,冷却得到产品。
所述S7均在常压下进行,且其烧结过程为:
S7-1,从室温开始以3℃/min的速度升至325℃,再以2℃/min的速度升至700℃,保持0.8h,以1.8℃/min的速度升至800℃,保持0.7h;
S7-2,以2.5℃/min的速度升至925℃,保持0.75h;
S7-3,以1.5℃/min的速度升至1360℃,保持4h,其中最高温度下氧含量为9%。
经检测,最终产品晶粒尺寸为3-5μm,起始磁导率ui为2900(±25%),常温、100kHz、200mTBs值下功率损耗为255kW/m3,100℃Bs值为490mT。
实施例5
一种常温高标软磁铁氧体材料,包括主体料和辅助料;
所述主体料按摩尔份数计,包括有:
Fe2O3 69mol;
MnO 14mol;
ZnO 11mol;
相对于所述主体料的质量,所述辅助料按质量添加为:
Figure BDA0003063413470000081
所述SiO2呈颗粒状,且所述SiO2的尺寸为50-200nm。
一种制备如上所述的常温高标软磁铁氧体材料的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,按摩尔份取主体料的各个组分,并将主体料进行一次球磨,球磨时间为2h,球磨转速为230转/分钟,球磨介质包括锆球和去离子水,主体料:锆球:去离子水的质量比为1:3:1.5;
S2,对一次球磨完成的物料进行预烧,温度为900℃,时间为2h;
S3,向预烧完成的物料中按照质量加入各个辅助料;
S4,对S3中的物料进行二次球磨,时间为4h,球磨转速为230转/分钟,球磨介质包括锆球和去离子水,制备铁氧体物料:锆球:去离子水的质量比为1:3:1.2;
S5,对二次球磨完成的物料进行制粒,其中制粒时加入主体料质量5%的PVA溶液;
S6,将S5中的物料进行压制成型,其中加压方式为单向加压,成型时施加压力为6MPa,保压时间为12s;
S7,对成型的材料进行烧结,冷却得到产品。
所述S7均在常压下进行,且其烧结过程为:
S7-1,从室温开始以3.5℃/min的速度升至340℃,再以1.9℃/min的速度升至610℃,保持0.75h,以1.75℃/min的速度升至810℃,保持0.7h;
S7-2,以2.5℃/min的速度升至925℃,保持0.75h;
S7-3,以1.5℃/min的速度升至1360℃,保持4h,其中最高温度下氧含量为9%。
经检测,最终产品晶粒尺寸为3-5μm,起始磁导率ui为3150(±25%),常温、100kHz、200mTBs值下功率损耗为238kW/m3,100℃Bs值为503mT。
实施例6
一种常温高标软磁铁氧体材料,包括主体料和辅助料;
所述主体料按摩尔份数计,包括有:
Fe2O3 70mol;
MnO 15mol;
ZnO 9mol;
相对于所述主体料的质量,所述辅助料按质量添加为:
Figure BDA0003063413470000091
Figure BDA0003063413470000101
所述SiO2呈颗粒状,且所述SiO2的尺寸为50-200nm。
一种制备如上所述的常温高标软磁铁氧体材料的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,按摩尔份取主体料的各个组分,并将主体料进行一次球磨,球磨时间为2h,球磨转速为230转/分钟,球磨介质包括锆球和去离子水,主体料:锆球:去离子水的质量比为1:3:1.5;
S2,对一次球磨完成的物料进行预烧,温度为900℃,时间为2h;
S3,向预烧完成的物料中按照质量加入各个辅助料;
S4,对S3中的物料进行二次球磨,时间为4h,球磨转速为230转/分钟,球磨介质包括锆球和去离子水,制备铁氧体物料:锆球:去离子水的质量比为1:3:1.2;
S5,对二次球磨完成的物料进行制粒,其中制粒时加入主体料质量5%的PVA溶液;
S6,将S5中的物料进行压制成型,其中加压方式为单向加压,成型时施加压力为6MPa,保压时间为12s;
S7,对成型的材料进行烧结,冷却得到产品。
所述S7均在常压下进行,且其烧结过程为:
S7-1,从室温开始以3.6℃/min的速度升至310℃,再以1.6℃/min的速度升至685℃,保持0.9h,以1.9℃/min的速度升至790℃,保持0.9h;
S7-2,以2.5℃/min的速度升至925℃,保持0.75h;
S7-3,以1.5℃/min的速度升至1360℃,保持4h,其中最高温度下氧含量为9%。
经检测,最终产品晶粒尺寸为3-5μm,起始磁导率ui为3100(±25%),常温、100kHz、200mTBs值下功率损耗为240kW/m3,100℃Bs值为500mT。
实施例7
一种常温高标软磁铁氧体材料,包括主体料和辅助料;
所述主体料按摩尔份数计,包括有:
Fe2O3 71mol;
MnO 12mol;
ZnO 11mol;
相对于所述主体料的质量,所述辅助料按质量添加为:
Figure BDA0003063413470000111
所述SiO2呈颗粒状,且所述SiO2的尺寸为50-200nm。
一种制备如上所述的常温高标软磁铁氧体材料的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,按摩尔份取主体料的各个组分,并将主体料进行一次球磨,球磨时间为2h,球磨转速为230转/分钟,球磨介质包括锆球和去离子水,主体料:锆球:去离子水的质量比为1:3:1.5;
S2,对一次球磨完成的物料进行预烧,温度为900℃,时间为2h;
S3,向预烧完成的物料中按照质量加入各个辅助料;
S4,对S3中的物料进行二次球磨,时间为4h,球磨转速为230转/分钟,球磨介质包括锆球和去离子水,制备铁氧体物料:锆球:去离子水的质量比为1:3:1.2;
S5,对二次球磨完成的物料进行制粒,其中制粒时加入主体料质量5%的PVA溶液;
S6,将S5中的物料进行压制成型,其中加压方式为单向加压,成型时施加压力为6MPa,保压时间为12s;
S7,对成型的材料进行烧结,冷却得到产品。
所述S7均在常压下进行,且其烧结过程为:
S7-1,从室温开始以3.2℃/min的速度升至345℃,再以1.6℃/min的速度升至710℃,保持0.65h,以1.75℃/min的速度升至815℃,保持0.65h;
S7-2,以2.5℃/min的速度升至925℃,保持0.75h;
S7-3,以1.5℃/min的速度升至1360℃,保持4h,其中最高温度下氧含量为9%。
经检测,最终产品晶粒尺寸为3-5μm,起始磁导率ui为3080(±25%),常温、100kHz、200mTBs值下功率损耗为243kW/m3,100℃Bs值为498mT。
需要说明的是,本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处,各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
上述描述仅是对本发明较佳实施例的描述,并非对本发明范围的任何限定,本发明领域的普通技术人员根据上述揭示内容做的任何变更、修饰,均属于权利要求书的保护范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种常温高标软磁铁氧体材料,其特征在于:包括主体料和辅助料;
所述主体料按摩尔份数计,包括有:
Fe2O3 68-76mol;
MnO 10-16mol;
ZnO 8-12mol;
相对于所述主体料的质量,所述辅助料按质量添加为:
Figure FDA0003063413460000011
2.根据权利要求1所述的常温高标软磁铁氧体材料,其特征在于:所述SiO2呈颗粒状,所述SiO2的尺寸为50-200nm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的常温高标软磁铁氧体材料,其特征在于:相对于所述主体料的质量,所述辅助料按质量还包括有50-200PPM的Bi2O3
4.根据权利要求1所述的常温高标软磁铁氧体材料,其特征在于:相对于所述主体料的质量,所述辅助料按质量还包括有50-100PPM的ZrC。
5.一种制备如权利要求1至4任一项所述的常温高标软磁铁氧体材料的方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
S1,按摩尔份取主体料的各个组分,并将主体料进行一次球磨;
S2,对一次球磨完成的物料进行预烧;
S3,向预烧完成的物料中按照质量加入各个辅助料;
S4,对S3中的物料进行二次球磨;
S5,对二次球磨完成的物料进行制粒;
S6,将S5中的物料进行压制成型;
S7,对成型的材料进行烧结,冷却得到产品。
6.根据权利要求5所述的常温高标软磁铁氧体材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述S1中球磨介质包括锆球。
7.根据权利要求5所述的常温高标软磁铁氧体材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述S3中球磨介质包括锆球。
8.根据权利要求5所述的常温高标软磁铁氧体材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述S7中烧结过程为:
S7-1,从室温开始以3-4℃/min的速度升至300-350℃,再以1.5-2℃/min的速度升至670-720℃,保持0.5-1h,以1.5-2℃/min的速度升至770-820℃,保持0.5-1h;
S7-2,以2-3℃/min的速度升至900-950℃,保持0.5-1h;
S7-3,以1-2℃/min的速度升至1350-1370℃,保持3-5h。
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