CN108377944A - A kind of swimming crab ecological breeding method for breeding - Google Patents
A kind of swimming crab ecological breeding method for breeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN108377944A CN108377944A CN201810099501.8A CN201810099501A CN108377944A CN 108377944 A CN108377944 A CN 108377944A CN 201810099501 A CN201810099501 A CN 201810099501A CN 108377944 A CN108377944 A CN 108377944A
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 241001533364 Portunus trituberculatus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 230000034004 oogenesis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000252069 Megalops Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001447 compensatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 64
- 241000595940 Notostraca Species 0.000 claims description 53
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 241000239250 Copepoda Species 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 241000195633 Dunaliella salina Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000133262 Nauplius Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000238426 Anostraca Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000002900 Arthrospira platensis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000016425 Arthrospira platensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940082787 spirulina Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001396014 Priacanthus arenatus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000029052 metamorphosis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 241000252230 Ctenopharyngodon idella Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000143392 Oar Species 0.000 description 1
- COLPVQJXGMBCRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [I].[Au] Chemical compound [I].[Au] COLPVQJXGMBCRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003698 anagen phase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015380 nutritional deficiency disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000022144 oogenesis stage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/40—Culture of aquatic animals of annelids, e.g. lugworms or Eunice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of swimming crab ecological breeding method for breeding, its key points of the technical solution are that it includes the following steps：S1：Parent crab it is preferred；S2：Culture pond is anticipated；S3：Add water；S4：Parent crab is put into culture pond；S5:Control water temperature gradually heats up；S6：For the parent crab setting temperature-compensating area C of hypoevolutism；S7：Start-up temperature compensatory zone；S8：All parent crabs are waited for all in oogenesis state, and hanging cage is laid eggs after the solid colour of ovum, obtains the crab ovum of synchronous output；S9：It is prepared by living body bait；S10:The cultivation of zoea；S11：Megalops larva feeds the stage；S12：Young crab feeds the stage, has reached the reasonable control to the temperature of water, aquatic environment and feed in culture pond, the cultivation of swimming crab is allowed to realize overall process scale, and significantly improves the yield of swimming crab cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of marine product cultivation technology, more particularly to a kind of swimming crab ecological breeding method for breeding.
Background technology
Portunus trituberculatus Miers, popular name swimming crab, rifle crab,Sea-crab、Sea crab, be distributed widely in LiaoNing, China,Hebei、Tianjin、Shandong, Jiangsu,Zhejiang, the marine sites such as Fujian, generally from south to north, 3~May and 9~October are the production busy season,The Bohai Sea Gulf east area of the Liao River, coextensive with eastern and southern Liaoning Province half Island4~5 monthly outputs are more.Portunus trituberculatus Miers is important one of the outlet best seller of China.
The existing Chinese patent that can refer to Publication No. CN106106285A, it discloses a kind of ponds of swimming crab certainly
Right ecological cultivation method.The early-stage preparations of setting, cultivation including cultivating pool, the dispensing for cultivating seedling, cultivation mid-term and after
The processes such as the processing of phase, the daily management in pond and fishing, wherein the dispensing of cultivation seedling further includes the putting in a suitable place to breed of shellfish seed, shuttle
The putting in a suitable place to breed of swimming crab seed, putting in a suitable place to breed for grass carp and putting in a suitable place to breed for shrimp seedling in sub- crab aquaculture pond.
Current swimming crab cultivation is that voluntarily natural, ecological cultivates culturist in oneself pond mostly, this breeding way
The volume production of swimming crab is significantly limited, while being also not easy to ensure the uniform quality of swimming crab, these are all detrimental to entirely
Swimming crab production scale, how Standard cultivation process, promoted swimming crab cultivation large-scale cultivation be always swimming crab support
The problem of growing field.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of swimming crab ecological breeding method for breeding, play to the temperature of water, water in culture pond
The reasonable control of matter environment and feed, allows the cultivation of swimming crab to realize overall process scale, and significantly improve shuttle
The yield of sub- crab cultivation.
The present invention above-mentioned technical purpose technical scheme is that：A kind of swimming crab ecological breeding feeding
The method of supporting, it includes the following steps：
S1：Parent crab it is preferred：On March 10 to 15, the female crab of non-oogenesis, the ovigerous crab that May 15 to June 1 catches were caught in sea；
S2：Culture pond is anticipated, and culture pond is divided into two regions AB, fine sand is equipped in a-quadrant, is not spread in B area
It is husky；
S3：Water is added, breeding water, breeding water proportion 1.020 are injected into culture pond, initial temperature is 8 DEG C；
S4：Parent crab is put into culture pond, wherein the parent crab of non-oogenesis is put into the areas A, the parent crab of oogenesis is put into B
Area；
S5:Control water temperature gradually heats up, and the parent crab of non-oogenesis is since 8 DEG C in the areas A, and 0.5 DEG C of heating, rises to 19.5- daily
20.5 DEG C, in B area water temperature keep first 8 DEG C it is 2-3 days total, daily heating 0.5 DEG C, rise to 20 DEG C, during which keeper is continuous
The parent crab of oogenesis is transferred to B area from a-quadrant；
S6：Temperature-compensating area C is arranged for the parent crab of hypoevolutism, the parent crab of hypoevolutism is put into temperature-compensating area C, and
And control temperature-compensating area C 0.5 DEG C of heatings daily, temperature-compensating area temperature upper limit are 23 DEG C；
S7：After start-up temperature compensatory zone, the state of parent crab, waits for the color of ovum in daily morning and evening both sides observation temperature-compensating area C
After synchronous with the parent crab of B area with embryo heartbeat, it is transferred to B area；
S8：All parent crabs are waited for all in oogenesis state, and hanging cage is laid eggs after the solid colour of ovum, obtains the crab ovum of synchronous output；
S9：It is prepared by living body bait：
Selection wheel animalcule, fairy shrimp and copepods carry out live body culture and use, and as living body bait；
S10:The cultivation of zoea：Zoea is divided into 3 days I phases of flea shape, 2 days II phases of flea shape, III phase 3 of flea shape according to the time
It, 3 days IV phases of flea shape, carry out dispensing raising using living body bait and mixed bait；
S11：Megalops larva feeds the stage：Megalops larva is fed using the living body biological bait being reinforced, megalops larva
Stage continues 3-4 days；
S12：Young crab feeds the stage：Include to feed I phase of young crab stage and young nursing stage II phase of crab, I phase of young crab feeds the stage
3 days are lasted, II phase of young crab feeds the stage and lasts 2 days.
Through the above technical solutions, the reasonable control to the temperature of water, aquatic environment and feed in culture pond, shuttle is allowed
The cultivation of crab, which is laid eggs from parent crab to II phase of young crab process, to be well controlled, and ensure that swimming crab is supported by the division stage
Overall process scale during growing, and significantly improve the yield of swimming crab cultivation.
Preferably, in S9, prepared by wheel animalcule bait：
The preliminary culture of wheel animalcule, wheel animalcule are cultivated using outdoor Tu Tang, are food with the spirulina cultivated in pond, and temperature control exists
25-30 DEG C, salinity 28 puts into compound algae fortified compositions into pond and strengthens to wheel animalcule；
It is prepared by fairy shrimp bait：
The hatching and reinforcing of fairy shrimp nauplius：Decladding brine shrimp eggs are put into seawater, and hatching collects fairy shrimp without section afterwards for 24 hours
The young, and the fairy shrimp nauplius to having grown is strengthened using compound algae fortified compositions, to see enteron aisle under mirror
Subject to algae；
It is prepared by fairy shrimp adult：Fairy shrimp adult is strengthened using compound algae fortified compositions, to see enteron aisle under mirror
Subject to algae；
It is prepared by Copepods bait：Copepods bait is strengthened using compound algae fortified compositions, to see enteron aisle under mirror
Subject to algae.
Preferably, Copepods food nutrition carries out sorting sieving after strengthening, it is divided into 0.5-0.9mm, 0.9-1.3mm, 1.3-
Tri- kinds of specifications of 2mm.
Preferably, mixed bait includes prawn slice, Japanese car member, algae powder, yeast, the mass ratio of wherein mixed bait is specific
For prawn slice：Japanese car member：Algae powder：Yeast=20：3-7：1-3：2-4.
Preferably, in S10：
I phase of zoea, temperature control system fed 1 wheel animalcule (2-3/ml), feed within every 4 hours at night on every 4 hours of daytime at 24 DEG C
1 mixed bait 0.8-1.2g/m3Moisturizing in 1 day and water body disinfection is carried out before metamorphosis；
II phase of zoea, water temperature are controlled at 24.5 DEG C, feed 1 wheel animalcule cooperation fairy shrimp nauplius, wheel on every 4 hours of daytime
Worm throw-in density is (4-6/ml), and fairy shrimp nauplius, which is subject to after zoea eats 2h, has residue, body evening every 4 small
When feed 1 mixed bait 1.2-1.8g/m3, last day progress water body disinfection；
III phase of zoea water temperature is controlled at 24.5 DEG C, and every 4 hours of daytime fed 1 fairy shrimp nauplius, with zoea
Have subject to residue after edible 2h, while gradually adding the Copepods of 0.5-0.9mm sizes, eaten after 2h with zoea have it is surplus
Subject to remaining, 1 mixed bait 1.8-2.2g/m is fed within every 4 hours at night3, last day moisturizing simultaneously carries out water body disinfection；
IV phase of zoea water temperature is controlled at 25 DEG C, and every 4 hours of daytime fed 0.9-1.3mm Copepods, edible with zoea
Have subject to residue after 2h, feeds 1 mixed bait 2.5g/m within every 4 hours at night3, feed 1.3-2mm Copepods within last 1 day.
Preferably, in S12,
I phase of young crab feeds the stage：To be food by the fairy shrimp adult strengthened, water temperature is controlled at 26 DEG C, and every 2 hours of daytime fed
1 fairy shrimp adult, and carry out water body disinfection；
II phase of young crab feeds the stage：With through reinforcing fairy shrimp adult food, water temperature control at 27 DEG C, feed within every 2 hours 1 time it is rich
Year worm adult, changes water and carries out water body disinfection daily.
Preferably, compound algae fortified compositions include rich iodine Dunaliella salina and split pot algae powder, compound algae reinforcing group
It closes in object, rich iodine Dunaliella salina and the injected volume richness iodine Dunaliella salina 1-4x10 for splitting pot algae powder6Cells/ml splits pot algae powder 10g/
L-20g/L。
Preferably, in wheel animalcule strengthening process, the injected volume of each component is specially rich iodine Du in compound algae fortified compositions
Family name salt algae 2x106Cells/ml splits pot algae powder 20g/L；
Fairy shrimp nauplius is strengthened in the compound algae fortified compositions used, and specific injected volume is rich iodine Dunaliella salina
1x106Cells/ml splits pot algae powder 10g/L；
Fairy shrimp adult rich iodine Dunaliella salina 2x10 in strengthening6Cells/ml splits pot algae powder 20g/L.
Preferably, Copepods food nutrition strengthens rich iodine Dunaliella salina 1x106Cells/ml splits pot algae powder 10g/L.
Preferably, in S11, megalops larva feeds the stage：Water temperature is controlled at 25.5 DEG C, and every 2 hours of daytime fed 1 good year
Worm adult, mixed bait feed every 6 hours and feed 1 time.
In conclusion the invention has the advantages that：
1, as the young is constantly abnormal, the mouthpart of young crab is increasing, therefore constantly adjusts the big of fed living body bait
It is small, bait can be allowed to meet the palatability of the zoea of different developmental phases to Copepods bait again from wheel animalcule to fairy shrimp
It needs；
2, wheel animalcule, fairy shrimp and Copepods bait carry out intensive treatment, wheel animalcule, fairy shrimp and oar after the processing before being launched
It is filled with compound algae in sufficient class bait body, the nutriment of living body bait is more abundant at this time, further meets flea shape
The growth of the young needs；
3, compound algae selects it is also contemplated that meet the equilibrium of zoea required trace element in growth, and rich
The selection of iodine Dunaliella salina is also as iodine can reduce the illness probability of zoea with good bactericidal effect；
4, by accurately controlling for temperature, parent crab can be allowed to be accumulated with good temperature, the accumulation of temperature can allow parent
Crab is more prone to oogenesis, and for the parent crab of oogenesis, the gradually accumulation of temperature can allow ovum to possess good developing environment,
It allows the more healthy of egg development, improves the survival rate of ovum；
5, the design in temperature-compensating area can further allow somagenic need temperature to be accumulated or malnourished parent crab has
Good buffering, the time adjusted, it can allow all parent crabs that can possess good temperature accumulation in oogenesis process, temperature stores
Long-pending process can ensure the quality of parent crab oviposition；
6 and allow the benefit of parent crab synchronous spawning to be not only that can facilitate the unified management of nursing personnel, while the ovum of output is such as
Fruit, which enters in the same time in water, can also allow the survival rate of ovum significantly to be promoted, and be not in be led since larval metamorphosis is asynchronous
The mutual the problem of killing and devouring caused, this phenomenon is most common situation in cultivation under natural conditions, and synchronous spawning is then maximum
The generation of this case is avoided in degree；
7, to the continuous replacement of water body in aquaculture pond, and residual bait in water and excreta are carried out constantly to clear up and supplement sea
Water, these can constantly adjust content micro- in the water body for cultivating crab, allow parent crab that can possess good support
Environment is grown, the growing of parent crab is promoted, reduces the generation of disease.
Specific implementation mode
Invention is further described in detail below.
Japanese car member is that the vehicle member purchased from Japan mixes shrimp material, remaining is purchased from market.
Embodiment 1：A kind of swimming crab ecological breeding method for breeding, it includes the following steps：
S1：Parent crab it is preferred：On March 10 to 15, the female crab of non-oogenesis was caught in sea；
S2：Culture pond is anticipated, by 20m2The culture pond of area and the high 1m of the water surface are divided into two regions AB, a-quadrant middle berth
Equipped with fine sand, do not sanded in B area；
S3：Water is added, breeding water, breeding water proportion 1.020 are injected into culture pond, initial temperature is 8 DEG C；
S4：Parent crab is put into culture pond, wherein the parent crab of non-oogenesis is put into the areas A, the parent crab of oogenesis is put into B
Area；
S5:Control water temperature gradually heats up, and the parent crab of non-oogenesis is since 8 DEG C in the areas A, and 0.5 DEG C of heating, rises to 19.5 DEG C, B daily
Water temperature keeps 8 DEG C totally 2 days first in region, and 0.5 DEG C of heating, rises to 20 DEG C, during which keeper is constantly by oogenesis daily
Parent crab be transferred to B area from a-quadrant；
S6：Temperature-compensating area C is arranged for the parent crab of hypoevolutism, the parent crab of hypoevolutism is put into temperature-compensating area C, and
And control temperature-compensating area C 0.5 DEG C of heatings daily, temperature-compensating area temperature upper limit are 23 DEG C；
S7：After start-up temperature compensatory zone, the state of parent crab, waits for the color of ovum in daily morning and evening both sides observation temperature-compensating area C
After synchronous with the parent crab of B area with embryo heartbeat, it is transferred to B area；
S8：All parent crabs are waited for all in oogenesis state, and hanging cage is laid eggs after the solid colour of ovum, obtains the crab ovum of synchronous output；
S9：It is prepared by living body bait：
Wheel animalcule, fairy shrimp and copepods are selected to carry out live body culture, and as living body bait；
The preliminary culture of wheel animalcule, wheel animalcule are tentatively cultivated using outdoor Tu Tang, are food, temperature with the spirulina cultivated in pond
At 25 DEG C, salinity 28 puts into compound algae fortified compositions into pond and strengthens to wheel animalcule for control；
It is prepared by fairy shrimp bait：
The hatching and reinforcing of fairy shrimp nauplius：Decladding brine shrimp eggs are put into the seawater of 28 salinity, and temperature is controlled at 28 DEG C,
Inflation, fairy shrimp nauplius is collected in hatching afterwards for 24 hours, and the fairy shrimp nauplius to having grown uses compound algae reinforcing group
It closes object to be strengthened, compound algae fortified compositions include rich iodine Dunaliella salina and split pot algae powder, and compound algae strengthens combination
In object, rich iodine Dunaliella salina and the injected volume richness iodine Dunaliella salina 1x10 for splitting pot algae powder6Cells/ml splits pot algae powder 10g/L, temperature
At 28 DEG C, salinity is 28 inflations, strengthens 2h for degree control, is subject under mirror and sees that enteron aisle is full of algae；
It is prepared by fairy shrimp adult bait：Fairy shrimp adult is strengthened using compound algae fortified compositions, temperature control exists
28 DEG C, salinity 28 is oxygenated, and strengthens 2h, is subject under mirror and is seen that enteron aisle is full of algae；
It is prepared by Copepods bait
Strengthened using compound algae fortified compositions, temperature is controlled at 13 DEG C, and salinity 10 is oxygenated, and strengthens 2h, with mirror
Under see enteron aisle full of subject to algae；Sorting sieving is carried out to the bait strengthened, is divided into 0.5-0.9mm, 0.9-
Tri- kinds of specifications of 1.3mm, 1.3-2mm；
S10:The cultivation of zoea：Zoea is divided into 3 days I phases of flea shape, 2 days II phases of flea shape, III phase 3 of flea shape according to the time
It, 3 days IV phases of flea shape, carry out dispensing raising using living body bait and mixed bait, mixed bait includes prawn slice, Japanese car
Member, algae powder, yeast, the mass ratio of wherein mixed bait is specially prawn slice：Japanese car member：Algae powder：Yeast=20：3：1：2, specifically
Operation is as follows：
I phase of zoea water temperature is controlled at 24 DEG C, and water body proportion 1.020 fed 1 wheel animalcule, 2/ml on every 4 hours of daytime, at night
Feed 1 mixed bait 0.8-1.2g/m within every 4 hours3, it is abnormal before 1 day morning moisturizing 10cm, splash 1ppm occrycetins into
Row water body disinfection；
For the control of II phase of zoea water temperature at 24.5 DEG C, water body proportion 1.020 fed 1 wheel animalcule cooperation good year on every 4 hours of daytime
Worm nauplius, the injected volume of wheel animalcule are 4/ml, fairy shrimp launch be subject to it is edible after 2h have remnants, throw within every 4 hours at night
Feed 1 mixed bait 1.2g/m3, benevolence gold iodine carries out water body disinfection in the moisturizing of the morning last day 10cm, the 1ppm that splashes；
For the control of III phase of zoea water temperature at 24.5 DEG C, water body proportion 1.020 fed 1 fairy shrimp on every 4 hours of daytime without section children
Body, fairy shrimp launch be subject to it is edible after 2h have remnants, while adding the Copepods bait of 0.5-0.9mm sizes, Copepods bait
Material launch be subject to it is edible after 2h have remnants, feed 1 mixed bait 1.8g/m within every 4 hours at night3, 1 day morning benefit before metamorphosis
Water 10cm, 0.3ppm potassium permanganate of splashing carry out water body disinfection；
IV phase of zoea, water temperature are controlled at 25 DEG C, and water body proportion 1.020, every 4 hours of daytime feeds 0.9-1.3mm Copepods
Bait, the dispensing of Copepods bait be subject to it is edible after 2h have remnants, feed 1 mixed bait 2.5g/m within every 4 hours at night3, most
Feed 1.3-2mm Copepods within 1 day afterwards；
S11：Megalops larva feeds the stage：Megalops larva is fed using the living body biological bait being reinforced, megalops larva
Stage continues 3 days, and water temperature is controlled at 25.5 DEG C, 1 fairy shrimp adult is fed on every 2 hours of daytime, after fairy shrimp is launched to eat
2h has subject to remnants, and mixed bait feeds every 6 hours and feeds 1 time；
S12：Young crab feeds the stage：Include to feed I phase of young crab stage and young nursing stage II phase of crab, I phase of young crab feeds the stage
3 days are lasted, II phase of young crab feeds the stage and lasts 2 days, specific training method：
I phase of young crab feeds the stage：It is food with the fairy shrimp adult by reinforcing, fairy shrimp adult bait is launched to be had with edible rear 2h
Subject to remnants, water temperature is controlled at 26 DEG C, and every 2 hours of daytime fed 1 fairy shrimp adult, changed water 30cm daily, splash 0.8ppm
Potassium permanganate carries out water body disinfection；
II phase of young crab feeds the stage：With by the fairy shrimp adult strengthened food, water temperature is controlled at 27 DEG C, feeds 1 within every 2 hours
Secondary fairy shrimp adult, changes water 40cm daily, and 1ppm occrycetins of splashing carry out water body disinfection, and second day II phase of young crab goes out pond.
Embodiment 2：In wheel animalcule strengthening process, the injected volume of each component is specially rich iodine Du in compound algae fortified compositions
Family name salt algae 2x106Cells/ml splits pot algae powder 20g/L；
Fairy shrimp nauplius is strengthened in the compound algae fortified compositions used, and specific injected volume is rich iodine Dunaliella salina
1x106Cells/ml splits pot algae powder 10g/L；
Fairy shrimp adult rich iodine Dunaliella salina 2x10 in strengthening6Cells/ml splits pot algae powder 20g/L；
Copepods food nutrition strengthens rich iodine Dunaliella salina 1x106Cells/ml splits pot algae powder 10g/L, remaining and 1 phase of embodiment
Together.
Embodiment 3：A kind of swimming crab ecological breeding method for breeding, it includes the following steps：
S1：The ovigerous crab that May 15 to June 1 catches；
S2：Culture pond is anticipated, by 20m2The culture pond of area and the high 1m of the water surface are divided into two regions AB, a-quadrant middle berth
Equipped with fine sand, do not sanded in B area；
S3：Water is added, breeding water, breeding water proportion 1.020 are injected into culture pond, initial temperature is 8 DEG C；
S4：Parent crab is put into culture pond, the parent crab of oogenesis is put into the areas B；
S5:Water temperature keeps 8 DEG C totally 3 days first in B area, and 0.5 DEG C of heating, rises to 20 DEG C daily；
S6：Temperature-compensating area C is arranged for the parent crab of hypoevolutism, the parent crab of hypoevolutism is put into temperature-compensating area C, and
And control temperature-compensating area C 0.5 DEG C of heatings daily, temperature-compensating area temperature upper limit are 23 DEG C；
S7：After start-up temperature compensatory zone, observes the state of parent crab in temperature-compensating area C twice sooner or later daily, wait for the color of ovum
After synchronous with the parent crab of B area with embryo heartbeat, it is transferred to B area；
S8：All parent crabs are waited for all in oogenesis state, and hanging cage is laid eggs after the solid colour of ovum, obtain the crab ovum of synchronous output,
Remaining is same as Example 1.
The delta data that table one is embodiment 4-7 counts, remaining is same as Example 1.
Comparative example 1：Swimming crab is raised since oogenesis using the method for natural, ecological cultivation.
The monitoring experiment of young different phase
16 ponds, each two pond are selected to correspond to one embodiment or comparative example (following data is the average value in two ponds),
Hanging cage a pair of parent crab in each pond, pond volume are 20m3。
Table two is the statistical form for embodying each stage critical developmental index of young crab.
It is found by upper table, by being accurately controlled to young crab cultivation, allows the egg laying amount of parent crab and the survival rate of ovum can
It is enough significantly to increase, while that the young crab second phase can be allowed to go out is more when pond for the zoea of high-survival rate, by rational
The growth phase of swimming crab is accurately controlled, personal management can be conveniently operated, while it is same to allow the most of young to be in
The case where in abnormal stage, the young in an abnormal stage is not easy to kill and devour mutually, this is also that the young crab second phase to go out pond weight remote
The reason of higher than common cultivation.
This specific embodiment is only explanation of the invention, is not limitation of the present invention, people in the art
Member can as needed make the present embodiment the modification of not creative contribution after reading this specification, but as long as at this
It is all protected by Patent Law in the right of invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of swimming crab ecological breeding method for breeding, it is characterised in that：It includes the following steps：
S1：Parent crab it is preferred：On March 10 to 15, the female crab of non-oogenesis, the ovigerous crab that May 15 to June 1 catches were caught in sea；
S2：Culture pond is anticipated, and culture pond is divided into two regions AB, fine sand is equipped in a-quadrant, is not spread in B area
It is husky；
S3：Water is added, breeding water, breeding water proportion 1.020 are injected into culture pond, initial temperature is 8 DEG C；
S4：Parent crab is put into culture pond, wherein the parent crab of non-oogenesis is put into the areas A, the parent crab of oogenesis is put into B
Area；
S5：Control water temperature gradually heats up, and the parent crab of non-oogenesis is since 8 DEG C in the areas A, and 0.5 DEG C of heating, rises to 19.5- daily
20.5 DEG C, in B area water temperature keep first 8 DEG C it is 2-3 days total, daily heating 0.5 DEG C, rise to 20 DEG C, during which keeper is continuous
The parent crab of oogenesis is transferred to B area from a-quadrant；
S6：Temperature-compensating area C is arranged for the parent crab of hypoevolutism, the parent crab of hypoevolutism is put into temperature-compensating area C, and
And control temperature-compensating area C 0.5 DEG C of heatings daily, temperature-compensating area temperature upper limit are 23 DEG C；
S7：After start-up temperature compensatory zone, the state of parent crab, waits for the color of ovum in daily morning and evening both sides observation temperature-compensating area C
After synchronous with the parent crab of B area with embryo heartbeat, it is transferred to B area；
S8：All parent crabs are waited for all in oogenesis state, and hanging cage is laid eggs after the solid colour of ovum, obtains the crab ovum of synchronous output；
S9：It is prepared by living body bait：
Selection wheel animalcule, fairy shrimp and copepods carry out live body culture and use, and as living body bait；
S10:The cultivation of zoea：Zoea is divided into 3 days I phases of flea shape, 2 days II phases of flea shape, III phase 3 of flea shape according to the time
It, 3 days IV phases of flea shape, carry out dispensing raising using living body bait and mixed bait；
S11：Megalops larva feeds the stage：Megalops larva is fed using the living body biological bait being reinforced, megalops larva
Stage continues 3-4 days；
S12：Young crab feeds the stage：Include to feed I phase of young crab stage and young nursing stage II phase of crab, I phase of young crab feeds the stage
3 days are lasted, II phase of young crab feeds the stage and lasts 2 days.
2. a kind of swimming crab ecological breeding method for breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
In S9, prepared by wheel animalcule bait：
The preliminary culture of wheel animalcule, wheel animalcule are cultivated using outdoor Tu Tang, are food with the spirulina cultivated in pond, and temperature control exists
25-30 DEG C, salinity 28 puts into compound algae fortified compositions into pond and strengthens to wheel animalcule；
It is prepared by fairy shrimp bait：
It is prepared by fairy shrimp nauplius：Decladding brine shrimp eggs are put into seawater, and fairy shrimp nauplius is collected after hatching 24 h, and
The fairy shrimp nauplius grown is strengthened using compound algae fortified compositions, to see that enteron aisle is full of algae under mirror
Subject to；
It is prepared by fairy shrimp adult：Fairy shrimp adult is strengthened using compound algae fortified compositions, to see enteron aisle under mirror
Subject to algae；
It is prepared by Copepods bait
Copepods bait is strengthened using compound algae fortified compositions, is subject under mirror and sees that enteron aisle is full of algae.
3. a kind of swimming crab ecological breeding method for breeding according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Copepods food nutrition
Sorting sieving is carried out after reinforcing, is divided into tri- kinds of specifications of 0.5-0.9mm, 0.9-1.3mm, 1.3-2mm.
4. a kind of swimming crab ecological breeding method for breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Mixed bait includes
Prawn slice, Japanese car member, algae powder, yeast, the mass ratio of wherein mixed bait is specially prawn slice：Japanese car member：Algae powder：Yeast=20：
3-7：1-3：2-4.
5. a kind of swimming crab ecological breeding method for breeding according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：In S10,
I phase of zoea, temperature control system fed 1 wheel animalcule on every 4 hours of daytime at 24 DEG C, and wheel animalcule throw-in density is 2-3/ml, evening
Feed 1 mixed bait 0.8-1.2 g/m within upper every 4 hours3Become, moisturizing in 1 day and carries out water body disinfection before state；
II phase of zoea, water temperature are controlled at 24.5 DEG C, feed 1 wheel animalcule cooperation fairy shrimp nauplius, wheel on every 4 hours of daytime
Worm throw-in density is 4-6/ml, and fairy shrimp nauplius, which is launched to be subject to after zoea eats 2h, residue, body evening every 4
Hour feeds 1 mixed bait 1.2-1.8 g/m3, last day progress water body disinfection；
III phase of zoea water temperature is controlled at 24.5 DEG C, and every 4 hours of daytime fed 1 fairy shrimp nauplius, with zoea
Have subject to residue after edible 2h, while gradually adding the Copepods of 0.5-0.9mm sizes, has residue after eating 2h with zoea
Subject to, feed within every 4 hours 1 mixed bait 1.8-2.2 g/m at night3, last day moisturizing simultaneously carries out water body disinfection；
IV phase of zoea water temperature is controlled at 25 DEG C, and every 4 hours of daytime fed 0.9-1.3mm Copepods, edible with zoea
Have subject to residue after 2h, feeds within every 4 hours 1 2.5 g/m of mixed bait at night3, feed 1.3-2mm Copepods within last 1 day.
6. a kind of swimming crab ecological breeding method for breeding according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：In S12,
I phase of young crab feeds the stage：To be food by the fairy shrimp adult strengthened, water temperature is controlled at 26 DEG C, and every 2 hours of daytime fed
1 fairy shrimp adult, and carry out water body disinfection；
II phase of young crab feeds the stage：With through reinforcing fairy shrimp adult food, water temperature control at 27 DEG C, feed within every 2 hours 1 time it is rich
Year worm adult, changes water and carries out water body disinfection daily.
7. a kind of swimming crab ecological breeding method for breeding according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Compound algae is strengthened
Composition includes rich iodine Dunaliella salina and splits pot algae powder, in compound algae fortified compositions, rich iodine Dunaliella salina and splits pot algae
The injected volume richness iodine Dunaliella salina 1-4x10 of powder6Cells/ml splits pot algae powder 10g/L-20g/L.
8. a kind of swimming crab ecological breeding method for breeding according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Wheel animalcule strengthening process
In, the injected volume of each component is specially rich iodine Dunaliella salina 2x10 in compound algae fortified compositions6Cells/ml splits pot algae
Powder 20g/L；
Fairy shrimp nauplius is strengthened in the compound algae fortified compositions used, and specific injected volume is rich iodine Dunaliella salina 1x106
Cells/ml splits pot algae powder 10g/L；
Fairy shrimp adult rich iodine Dunaliella salina 2x10 in strengthening6Cells/ml splits pot algae powder 20g/L.
9. a kind of swimming crab ecological breeding method for breeding according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：Copepods food nutrition
Strengthen rich iodine Dunaliella salina 1x106Cells/ml splits pot algae powder 10g/L.
10. a kind of swimming crab ecological breeding method for breeding according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：In S11, big eye children
Body feeds the stage：Water temperature is controlled at 25.5 DEG C, feeds 1 fairy shrimp adult on every 2 hours of daytime, mixed bait is fed every 6 hours
It feeds 1 time.
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