CN108261510A - 一种治疗斑秃的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗斑秃的药物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗斑秃的药物及其制备方法,其是由桑椹、何首乌、黑芝麻、山楂、当归、熟地黄、墨旱莲、茯苓、白芍、菟丝子、鸡血藤、牡丹皮、黄精、麦冬、金樱子、菊花、酸枣仁、阿胶、淡竹叶、女贞子、连翘、川芎、黄芪、桃仁、红花按一定重量配比制备而成,本发明药物具有补肝益肾,养血祛风,益精血,补血和血,滋阴补血的功能,用于治疗斑秃见效快、疗效好,不复发。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗斑秃的药物及其制备方法,属中药领域。
背景技术
斑秃是一种非瘢痕性脱发,常发生于身体有毛发的部位,局部皮肤正常,无自觉症状。中医则认为斑秃与肝肾阴虚,气滞血瘀,气血两虚,血虚风燥有关。由于西药治疗副作用大,因此人们对有效治疗斑秃的中药药物存在极大的需求,至今为止,还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人依据中医理论的研究和临床试验的反复验证,终于找到了有效治疗斑秃的药物,从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种有效治疗斑秃的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选择桑椹、何首乌、黑芝麻、山楂、当归、熟地黄、墨旱莲、茯苓、白芍、菟丝子、鸡血藤、牡丹皮、黄精、麦冬、金樱子、菊花、酸枣仁、阿胶、淡竹叶、女贞子、连翘、川芎、黄芪、桃仁、红花、赤芍、侧柏叶、枇杷叶进行组合制备的,将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,从而能够有效治疗斑秃。其中选用桑椹是因为其性味甘,寒,入肝、肾经,有补肝,益肾,熄风,滋液的功能,治肝肾阴亏,消渴,便秘,目暗,耳鸣,瘰疬,关节不利。选用何首乌是因为其性味苦甘涩,微温,入肝、肾经,有补肝,益肾,养血,祛风的功能,治肝肾阴亏,发须早白,血虚头晕,腰膝软弱,筋骨酸痛,遗精,崩带,久疟,久痢,慢性肝炎,痈肿,瘰疬,肠风,痔疾。选用黑芝麻,异名胡麻仁,其性味甘,平,归肝、肾、大肠经,有补肝肾,益精血,润肠燥的功能,治头昏眼花,耳鸣耳聋,须发早白,病后脱发,肠燥便秘。选用山楂是因为其性味酸甘,微温,入脾、胃、肝经,有消食积,散瘀血,驱绦虫的功能,治肉积,癥瘕,痰饮,痞满,吞酸,泻痢,肠风,腰痛,疝气,产后儿枕痛,恶露不尽,小儿乳食停滞。选用当归是因为其性味甘辛,温,入心、肝、脾经,有补血和血,调经止痛,润燥滑肠的功能,治月经不调,经闭腹痛,癥瘕结聚,崩漏,血虚头痛,眩晕,痿痹,肠燥难便,赤痢后重,痈疽疮疡,金疮,跌扑损伤。选用熟地黄是因为其性味甘,微温,入肝、肾经,有滋阴,补血的功能,治阴虚血少,腰膝痿弱,劳嗽骨蒸,遗精,崩漏,月经不调,消渴,溲数,耳聋,目昏。选用墨旱莲是因为其性味苦酸,凉,入肝、肾经,有凉血,止血,补肾,益阴的功能,治吐血,咳血,衄血,尿血,便血,血痢,刀伤出血,须发早白,白喉,淋浊,滞下,阴部湿痒。选用茯苓是因为其性味甘淡,平,入心、脾、肺经,有渗湿利水,益脾和胃,宁心安神的功能,治小便不利,水肿胀满,痰饮咳逆,呕哕,泄泻,遗精,淋浊,惊悸,健忘。选用白芍是因为其性味苦酸,凉,入肝、脾经,有养血柔肝,缓中止痛,敛阴收汗的功能,治胸腹胁肋疼痛,泻痢腹痛,自汗盗汗,阴虚发热,月经不调,崩漏,带下。选用菟丝子是因为其性味辛甘,平,入肝、肾经,有补肝肾,益精髓,明目的功能,治腰膝酸痛,遗精,消渴,尿有余沥,目暗。选用鸡血藤是因为其性味苦甘,温,入心、脾二经,有活血、舒筋的功能,治腰膝酸痛,麻木瘫痪,月经不调。选用牡丹皮是因为其性味辛苦,凉,入心、肝、肾经,有清热,凉血,和血,消瘀的功能,治热入血分,发斑,惊癎,吐、衄、便血,骨蒸劳热,经闭,癥瘕,痈疡,扑损。选用黄精是因为其性味甘平,入脾、肺、肾经,有补中益气,润心肺,强筋骨的功能,治虚损寒热,肺痨咳血,病后体虚食少,筋骨软弱,风湿疼痛,风癞癣疾。选用麦冬是因为其性味甘微苦,寒,入肺、胃、心经,有养阴润肺,清心除烦,益胃生津的功能,治肺燥干咳,吐血,咯血,肺痿,肺痈,虚劳烦热,清渴,热病津伤,咽干口燥,便秘。选用金樱子是因为其性味酸涩,平,有固精涩肠,缩尿止泻的功能,治滑精,遗尿,小便频数,脾虚泻痢。选用菊花是因为其性味甘苦,凉,入肺,肝经,有疏风,消热,明目,解毒的功能,治头痛,眩晕,目赤,心胸烦热,疔疮,肿毒。选用酸枣仁是因为其性味甘,平,入心、脾、肝、胆经,有养肝,宁心,安神,敛汗的功能,治虚烦不眠,惊悸怔忡,烦渴,虚汗。选用阿胶是因为其性味甘,平,入肺、肝、肾经,有滋阴补血,安胎的功能,治血虚,虚劳咳嗽,吐血、衄血、便血,妇女月经不调,崩中,胎漏。选用淡竹叶是因为其性味甘淡,寒,入心肾二经,有清心火,除烦热,利小便的功能,治热病口渴,心烦,小便赤涩,淋浊,口糜舌疮,牙龈肿痛。选用女贞子是因为其性味苦甘,平,入肝、肾经,有补肝肾,强腰膝的功能,治阴虚内热,头晕,目花耳鸣,腰膝酸软,须发早白。选用连翘是因为其性味苦,凉,入心、肝、胆经,有清热,解毒,散结,消肿的功能,治温热,丹毒,斑疹,痈疡肿毒,瘰疬,小便淋闭。选用川芎是因为其性味辛,温,入肝、胆经,有行气开郁,祛风燥湿,活血止痛的功能,治风冷头痛旋晕,胁痛腹疼,寒痹筋挛,经闭,难产,产后瘀阻块痛,痈疽疮疡。选用黄芪是因为其性味甘,微温,入肺、脾经,生用有益卫固表,利水消肿,托毒,生肌的功能,治自汗,盗汗,血痹,浮肿,痈疽不溃或溃久敛;炙用有补中益的功能,治内伤劳倦,脾虚泄泻,脱肛,气虚血脱,崩带及一切气衰血虚之症。选用桃仁是因为其性味苦甘,平,入心、肝、大肠经,有破血行瘀,润燥滑经功能,治经闭,癥瘕,热病蓄血,血痹,疟疾,跌打损伤,瘀血肿痛,血燥便秘的。选用红花是因为其性味辛,温,入心、肝经,有活血通经,去瘀止痛的功能,治经闭,癥瘕,难产,死胎,产后恶露不行,瘀血作痛,痈肿,跌扑损伤。选用赤芍是因为其性味苦,微寒,归肝经,有清热凉血,散瘀止痛的功能,治温毒发狂,吐血衄血,目赤肿痛,肝郁胁痛,经闭痛经,癎瘕腹痛,跌扑损伤,痈肿疮疡。选用侧柏叶是因为其性味苦涩,寒,入心、肝、大肠经,有凉血,止血,祛风湿,散肿毒的功能,治吐血,衄血,尿血,血痢,肠风,崩漏,风湿痹痛,细菌性痢疾,高血压,咳嗽,丹毒,痄腮,烫伤。选用枇杷叶是因为其性味苦,凉,归肺、胃经,有清肺和胃,降气化痰,治肺热痰嗽,咳血,衄血,胃热呕哕。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的,各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效:
桑椹10-20克,何首乌10-20克,黑芝麻15-20克,山楂10-15克,当归10-20克,熟地黄5-15克,墨旱莲10-15克,茯苓10-20克,白芍10-15克,菟丝子10-15克,鸡血藤10-20克,牡丹皮10-15克,黄精15-20克,麦冬5-15克,金樱子10-20克,菊花10-20克,酸枣仁10-15克,阿胶5-15克,淡竹叶5-15克,女贞子10-20克,连翘5-10克,川芎5-15克,黄芪10-20克,桃仁5-15克,红花5-15克,赤芍5-10克,侧柏叶5-15克,枇杷叶5-10克。
优选为:
桑椹15克,何首乌15克,黑芝麻18克,山楂12克,当归15克,熟地黄10克,墨旱莲12克,茯苓15克,白芍12克,菟丝子12克,鸡血藤15克,牡丹皮12克,黄精18克,麦冬10克,金樱子15克,菊花15克,酸枣仁12克,阿胶10克,淡竹叶10克,女贞子15克,连翘8克,川芎10克,黄芪15克,桃仁10克,红花10克,赤芍8克,侧柏叶10克,枇杷叶8克。
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、桑椹:用水洗净,拣去杂质,摘除长柄,晒干;
2、何首乌:拣去杂质,洗净,用水泡至八成透,捞出,润至内外湿度均匀,切片或切成方块,晒干;
3、黑芝麻:取原药材,除去杂质,筛去碎屑;
4、山楂:拣净杂质,筛去核;
5、当归:拣去杂质,洗净,闷润,稍晾,切片晒干;
6、熟地黄:选干净熟地黄即可;
7、墨旱莲:拣净杂质,除去残根,洗净闷透,切段晒干;
8、茯苓:用水浸泡,洗净捞出,闷透后,切片,晒干;
9、白芍:拣去杂质,分开大小个,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片,干燥;
10、菟丝子:过箩去净杂质,洗净,晒干;
11、鸡血藤:用水润透,切片,或蒸软后乘热切片,晒干;
12、牡丹皮:拣去杂质,除去木心,洗净,润透,切片,晾干;
13、黄精:洗净泥土,略润,切片,晒干;
14、麦冬:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,捞出,润透后抽去心,再洗净晒干;
15、金樱子:拣去杂质,切两瓣,用水稍浸泡,捞出,闷润后除去残留毛刺,挖净毛、核,干燥;
16、菊花:拣净叶梗、花柄及泥屑杂质;
17、酸枣仁:原药放入竹箩内,沉入清水缸中,使仁浮在水面,壳沉水底,将刺仁捞出,晒干;
18、阿胶:捣碎用;
19、淡竹叶:拣去杂质及根,切段,晒干;
20、女贞子:拣去杂质,洗净,晒干;
21、连翘:拣净杂质,搓开,除去枝梗;
22、川芎:拣去杂质,分开大、小个,用水浸泡,晒晾,闷润后切片,干燥;
23、黄芪:拣净杂质,除去残留的根头和空心较大者,用水浸泡,捞出,润透后及时切片,晒干;
24、桃仁:除去硬壳杂质,置沸水锅中煮至外皮微皱,捞出,浸入凉水中,搓去种皮,晒干,簸净;
25、红花:拣净杂质,除去茎叶、蒂头,晒干;
26、赤芍:取原药材,除去杂质,大小分档,洗净,润透,切薄片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
27、侧柏叶:拣净杂质,揉碎去梗,筛净灰屑;
28、枇杷叶:刷去绒毛,用水洗净,稍润,切丝,晒干。
二、制备
1、将所述重量的桑椹、何首乌、黑芝麻、山楂、当归、熟地黄、墨旱莲、茯苓、白芍、菟丝子、鸡血藤、牡丹皮、黄精、麦冬、金樱子、菊花、酸枣仁、阿胶、淡竹叶、女贞子、连翘、川芎、黄芪、桃仁、红花、赤芍、侧柏叶、枇杷叶放入煎药容器内,第一次加水6倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
2、将过滤的药渣加水4倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
3、将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀,分为2剂服用。
组方中何首乌有补肝,益肾,养血,祛风的功能为君药;黑芝麻补肝肾,益精血,润肠燥;当归有补血和血,调经止痛,润燥滑肠的功能,二者为臣药,三味药共同发挥补肝益肾,养血祛风,益精血,补血和血,调经止痛的作用,治疗斑秃效力全面,且以补肝益肾,养血祛风,益精血,补血和血为主可治本,阿胶有滋阴补血,安胎的功能为佐药,牡丹皮有清热,凉血,和血,消瘀的功能为使药,与下余诸药是治标。
本发明药物具有补肝益肾,养血祛风,益精血,补血和血,滋阴补血的功能,用于治疗斑秃,疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发。
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果,这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告:
取家兔30只,雌雄兼用,体重2.0—2.5kg,分两组,每组15只,其中一组为超剂量试验组,另一组为正常量试验组。超常量组为20ml/kg,正常量为10ml/kg,给药方式为灌胃法给药,每天两次,连服7天,每天观察给药反应,结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常,药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治斑秃门诊患者共21例。
2、诊断标准
典型症状为圆形或卵圆形非瘢痕性脱发,在斑秃边缘常可见“感叹号”样毛发。头发全部或几乎全部脱落,称为全秃。全身所有的毛发(包括体毛)都脱落,称为普脱。还可见匍行性脱发。病区皮肤除无毛发外,不存在其他异常。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂,给患者服用,每次服用1剂,每天早、晚各服1次,30天为一个疗程,连续服用2个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效:斑秃症状消失,恢复正常,痊愈;
好转:患者全身所有毛发(包括体毛)脱落的现象减轻,斑秃症状明显好转,逐步恢复正常;
无效:达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果(见下表)
在上述治疗中,用本发明药物治疗斑秃患者21例,结果显效16例,显效率为76.19%,好转3例,好转率为14.29%,无效2例,总有效率为90.48%。
Claims (3)
1.一种治疗斑秃的药物,其特征在于:它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成:
桑椹10-20克,何首乌10-20克,黑芝麻15-20克,山楂10-15克,当归10-20克,熟地黄5-15克,墨旱莲10-15克,茯苓10-20克,白芍10-15克,菟丝子10-15克,鸡血藤10-20克,牡丹皮10-15克,黄精15-20克,麦冬5-15克,金樱子10-20克,菊花10-20克,酸枣仁10-15克,阿胶5-15克,淡竹叶5-15克,女贞子10-20克,连翘5-10克,川芎5-15克,黄芪10-20克,桃仁5-15克,红花5-15克,赤芍5-10克,侧柏叶5-15克,枇杷叶5-10克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其中各原料药的用量为:
桑椹15克,何首乌15克,黑芝麻18克,山楂12克,当归15克,熟地黄10克,墨旱莲12克,茯苓15克,白芍12克,菟丝子12克,鸡血藤15克,牡丹皮12克,黄精18克,麦冬10克,金樱子15克,菊花15克,酸枣仁12克,阿胶10克,淡竹叶10克,女贞子15克,连翘8克,川芎10克,黄芪15克,桃仁10克,红花10克,赤芍8克,侧柏叶10克,枇杷叶8克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法,它包括下列步骤:
(一)备料
(1)桑椹:用水洗净,拣去杂质,摘除长柄,晒干;
(2)何首乌:拣去杂质,洗净,用水泡至八成透,捞出,润至内外湿度均匀,切片或切成方块,晒干;
(3)黑芝麻:取原药材,除去杂质,筛去碎屑;
(4)山楂:拣净杂质,筛去核;
(5)当归:拣去杂质,洗净,闷润,稍晾,切片晒干;
(6)熟地黄:选干净熟地黄即可;
(7)墨旱莲:拣净杂质,除去残根,洗净闷透,切段晒干;
(8)茯苓:用水浸泡,洗净捞出,闷透后,切片,晒干;
(9)白芍:拣去杂质,分开大小个,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片,干燥;
(10)菟丝子:过箩去净杂质,洗净,晒干;
(11)鸡血藤:用水润透,切片,或蒸软后乘热切片,晒干;
(12)牡丹皮:拣去杂质,除去木心,洗净,润透,切片,晾干;
(13)黄精:洗净泥土,略润,切片,晒干;
(14)麦冬:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,捞出,润透后抽去心,再洗净晒干;
(15)金樱子:拣去杂质,切两瓣,用水稍浸泡,捞出,闷润后除去残留毛刺,挖净毛、核,干燥;
(16)菊花:拣净叶梗、花柄及泥屑杂质;
(17)酸枣仁:原药放入竹箩内,沉入清水缸中,使仁浮在水面,壳沉水底,将刺仁捞出,晒干;
(18)阿胶:捣碎用;
(19)淡竹叶:拣去杂质及根,切段,晒干;
(20)女贞子:拣去杂质,洗净,晒干;
(21)连翘:拣净杂质,搓开,除去枝梗;
(22)川芎:拣去杂质,分开大、小个,用水浸泡,晒晾,闷润后切片,干燥;
(23)黄芪:拣净杂质,除去残留的根头和空心较大者,用水浸泡,捞出,润透后及时切片,晒干;
(24)桃仁:除去硬壳杂质,置沸水锅中煮至外皮微皱,捞出,浸入凉水中,搓去种皮,晒干,簸净;
(25)红花:拣净杂质,除去茎叶、蒂头,晒干;
(26)赤芍:取原药材,除去杂质,大小分档,洗净,润透,切薄片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
(27)侧柏叶:拣净杂质,揉碎去梗,筛净灰屑;
(28)枇杷叶:刷去绒毛,用水洗净,稍润,切丝,晒干;
(二)制备
(1)将所述重量的桑椹、何首乌、黑芝麻、山楂、当归、熟地黄、墨旱莲、茯苓、白芍、菟丝子、鸡血藤、牡丹皮、黄精、麦冬、金樱子、菊花、酸枣仁、阿胶、淡竹叶、女贞子、连翘、川芎、黄芪、桃仁、红花、赤芍、侧柏叶、枇杷叶放入煎药容器内,加水6倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
(2)将过滤的药渣加水4倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
(3)将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀,分为2剂服用。
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