CN108452258A - 一种治疗心绞痛的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种治疗心绞痛的药物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108452258A
CN108452258A CN201810470997.5A CN201810470997A CN108452258A CN 108452258 A CN108452258 A CN 108452258A CN 201810470997 A CN201810470997 A CN 201810470997A CN 108452258 A CN108452258 A CN 108452258A
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radix
impurity
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蒋勇
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种治疗心绞痛的药物及其制备方法,其主要是由栀子、瓜蒌、玉竹、丹参、麦冬、鸡内金、延胡索、川芎、马齿苋、郁金、桃仁、枳壳、桂枝、血竭、酸枣仁、葶苈子、益母草、高良姜、半夏、桑寄生、赤芍、杜仲、山楂、五灵脂按一定重量配比制备而成。本发明药物具有活血去瘀,安神宁心、清热涤痰、行气开郁、燥湿的功能,用于治疗心绞痛见效快、疗效好,不复发。

Description

一种治疗心绞痛的药物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗心绞痛的药物及其制备方法,属中药领域。
技术背景
心绞痛是冠状动脉供血不足,心肌急剧的暂时缺血与缺氧所引起的以发作性胸痛或胸部不适为主要表现的临床综合征。中医则认为心绞痛与气滞血瘀、痰浊内阻、寒邪侵袭有关。由于西药治疗副作用大,因此人们对有效治疗心绞痛的中药药物存在极大的需求,至今为止,还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人依据中医理论的研究和临床试验的反复验证,终于找到了有效治疗心绞痛的药物,从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种有效治疗心绞痛的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明是选择栀子、瓜蒌、玉竹、丹参、麦冬、鸡内金、延胡索、川芎、马齿苋、郁金、桃仁、枳壳、桂枝、血竭、酸枣仁、葶苈子、益母草、高良姜、半夏、桑寄生、赤芍、杜仲、山楂、五灵脂、乳香、没药、甘草、合欢皮、厚朴、香橼药物进行组合制备的,将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,从而能够有效治疗心绞痛。其中,选用栀子是因为其性味苦,寒,入心、肝、肺、胃经,有清热,泻火,凉血的功能,治热病虚烦不眠,黄疸,淋病,消渴,目赤,咽痛,吐血,衄血,血痢,尿血,热毒疮疡,扭伤肿痛。选用瓜蒌是因为其性味甘、微苦,寒,归肺、胃、大肠经,有清热涤痰,宽胸散结,润燥滑肠的功能,治肺热咳嗽,痰浊黄稠,胸痹心痛,结胸痞满,乳痈,肠痈,大便秘结。选用玉竹是因为其性味甘,平,入肺,胃经,有养阴,润燥,除烦,止渴的功能,治热病阳伤,咳嗽,烦渴,虚劳发热,消谷易饥,小便频数。选用丹参是因为其性味苦,微温,入心、肝经,有活血去瘀,安神宁心,排脓,止痛的功能,治心绞痛,月经不调,痛经,以闭,血崩带下,癥瘕,积聚,瘀血腹痛,骨节疼痛,惊悸不眠,恶疮肿毒。选用麦冬是因为其性味甘微苦,寒,入肺、胃、心经,有养阴润肺,清心除烦,益胃生津的功能,治肺燥干咳,吐血,咯血,肺痿,肺痈,虚劳烦热,清渴,热病津伤,咽干口燥,便秘。选用鸡内金是因为其性味甘,平,入脾、胃经,有消积滞,健脾胃的功能,治食积胀满,呕吐反胃,泻痢,疳积,消渴,遗溺,喉痹乳蛾,牙疳口疮。选用延胡索是因为其性味辛苦,温,入肝、胃经,有活血,散瘀,理气,止痛的功能,治心腹腰膝诸痛,月经不调,癥瘕,崩中,产后血晕,恶露不尽,跌打损伤。选用川芎是因为其性味辛,温,入肝、胆经,有行气开郁,祛风燥湿,活血止痛的功能,治风冷头痛旋晕,胁痛腹疼,寒痹筋挛,经闭,难产,产后瘀阻块痛,痈疽疮疡。选用马齿苋是因为其性味酸,寒,入大肠、肝、脾经,有清热解毒,散血消肿的功能,治热痢脓血,热淋,血淋,带下,痈肿恶疮,丹毒,瘰疬。选用郁金是因为其性味辛苦,凉,入心、肺、肝经,有行气解随,凉血破瘀的功能,治胸腹胁肋诸痛,失心癫狂,热病神昏,吐血,衄血,尿血,血淋,妇女倒经,黄疸。选用桃仁是因为其性味苦甘,平,入心、肝、大肠经,有破血行瘀,润燥滑经的功能,治经闭,癥瘕,热病蓄血,血痹,疟疾,跌打损伤,瘀血肿痛,血燥便秘。选用枳壳是因为其性味苦辛,凉,入肺、脾、大肠经,有破气,行痰,消积的功能,治胸膈痰滞,胸痞,胁胀,食积,噫气,呕逆,下痢后重,脱肛,子宫脱垂。选用桂枝是因为其性味辛甘,温,入膀胱、心、肺经,有发汗解肌,温经通脉的功能,治风寒表证,肩背肢节酸疼,胸痹痰饮,经闭癥瘕。选用血竭是因为其性味甘咸,平,入心、肝经,有散瘀定痛,止血生肌的功能,治跌打折损,内伤瘀痛,外伤出血不止,瘰疬,臁疮溃久不合。选用酸枣仁是因为其性味甘,平,入心、脾、肝、胆经,有养肝,宁心,安神,敛汗的功能,治虚烦不眠,惊悸怔忡,烦渴,虚汗。选用葶苈子是因为其性味辛,苦,大寒,归肺、膀胱经,有泻肺平喘,利水消肿的功能,治痰涎壅肺,咳喘痰多,胸胁胀满,胸腹水肿,小便不利及肺源性心脏病水肿。选用益母草是因为其性味辛苦,凉,入心包、肝经,有活血,祛瘀,调经,消水的功能,治月经不调,治漏难产,胞衣不下,产后血晕,瘀血腹痛,崩中漏下,尿血,泻血,痈肿疮疡。选用高良姜是因为其性味辛温,入脾,胃经,有温胃,祛风,散寒,行气,止痛的功能,治脾胃中寒,脘腹冷痛,呕吐泄泻,噎膈反胃,食滞,瘴疟,冷癖。选用半夏是因为其性味辛,温,有毒,入脾、胃经,有燥湿化痰,降逆止呕,消痞散结的功能,治湿痰冷饮,呕吐,反胃,咳喘痰多,胸膈胀满,痰厥头痛,头晕不眠,外消痈肿。选用桑寄生是因为其性味苦甘,平,入肝、肾经,有补肝肾,强筋骨,除风湿,通经络,益血,安胎的功能,治腰膝酸痛,筋骨痿弱,偏枯,脚气,风寒湿痹,胎漏血崩,产后乳汁不下。选用赤芍是因为其性味苦,微寒,归肝经,有清热凉血,散瘀止痛的功能,治温毒发狂,吐血衄血,目赤肿痛,肝郁胁痛,经闭痛经,癎瘕腹痛,跌扑损伤,痈肿疮疡。选用杜仲是因为其性味甘微辛,温,入肝、肾经,有补肝肾,强筋骨,安胎的功能,治腰脊酸疼,足膝痿弱,小便余沥,阴下湿痒,胎漏欲堕,高血压。选用山楂是因为其性味酸甘,微温,入脾、胃、肝经,有消食积,散瘀血,驱绦虫的功能,治肉积,癥瘕,痰饮,痞满,吞酸,泻痢,肠风,腰痛,疝气,产后儿枕痛,恶露不尽,小儿乳食停滞。选用五灵脂是因为其性味苦甘,温,入肝、脾经,生用有行血止痛的功能,治心腹血气诸痛,妇女经闭,产后瘀血作痛;外治蛇、蝎、蜈蚣咬伤,炒用止血,治妇女血崩,经水过多,赤带不绝。选用乳香是因为其性味辛苦,温,入心、肝、脾经,有调气活血,定痛,追毒的功能,治气血凝滞,心腹疼痛,痈疮肿毒,跌打损伤,痛经,产后瘀血刺痛。选用没药是因为其性味苦,平,入肝经,有散血去瘀,消肿定痛的功能,治跌损,金疮,筋骨,心腹诸痛,癥瘕,经闭,痈疽肿痛,痔漏,目障。选用甘草是因为其性味甘平,入脾、胃、肺经,有和中缓急,润肺,解毒,调和诸药的功能,炙用治脾胃虚弱,食少,腹痛便溏,劳倦发热,肺痿咳嗽,心悸,惊痈,生用治咽喉肿痛,消化性溃疡,痈疽疮疡,解药毒及食物中毒。选用合欢皮是因为其性味甘,平,入心、肝经,有解郁,和血,宁心,消痈肿的功能,治心神不安,忧郁失眠,肺痈,痈肿,瘰疬,筋骨折伤。选用厚朴是因为其性味苦辛,温,入脾、胃、大肠经,有温中,下气,燥湿,消痰的功能,治胸腹痞满胀痛,反胃、呕吐,宿食不消,痰饮喘咳,寒湿泻痢。选用香橼是因为其性味辛苦酸,温,入肝、肺、脾经,有理气,舒郁,消痰,利膈的功能,治胃痛胀满,痰饮咳嗽气壅,呕哕少食。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的,各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效:
栀子10-15克、瓜蒌10-20克、玉竹10-20克、丹参15-20克、麦冬10-15克、鸡内金10-15克、延胡索10-20克、川芎5-15克、马齿苋5-15克、郁金5-10克、桃仁10-15克、枳壳10-20克、桂枝17-21克、血竭5-10克、酸枣仁10-15克、葶苈子5-15克、益母草10-15克、高良姜10-15克、半夏3-9克、桑寄生5-10克、赤芍10-15克、杜仲10-20克、山楂5-15克、五灵脂5-10克、乳香3-9克、没药3-9克、甘草10-15克、合欢皮10-20克、厚朴5-15克、香橼5-10克。
优选为:
栀子12克、瓜蒌15克、玉竹15克、丹参18克、麦冬12克、鸡内金12克、延胡索15克、川芎10克、马齿苋10克、郁金8克、桃仁12克、枳壳15克、桂枝19克、血竭8克、酸枣仁12克、葶苈子10克、益母草12克、高良姜12克、半夏6克、桑寄生8克、赤芍12克、杜仲15克、山楂10克、五灵脂8克、乳香6克、没药6克、甘草12克、合欢皮15克、厚朴10克、香橼8克。
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、栀子:筛去灰屑,拣去杂质,碾碎过筛或剪去两端;
2、瓜蒌:取原药材,除去杂质及果柄,洗净,压扁,切丝或小块,干燥;
3、玉竹:除去杂质,洗净泥土,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切片,晒干;
4、丹参:拣净杂质,除去根茎,洗净,捞出,润透后切片,晾干;
5、麦冬:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,捞出,润透后抽去心,再洗净晒干;
6、鸡内金:拣去杂质,漂净晒干;
7、延胡索:拣去杂质,用水浸泡,洗净,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片或打碎;
8、川芎:拣去杂质,分开大、小个,用水浸泡,晒晾,闷润后切片,干燥;
9、马齿苋:拣净杂质,除去残根,以水稍润,切段晒干;
10、郁金:用水浸泡,洗净,捞出晒晾,润透,切片,晒干;
11、桃仁:除去硬壳杂质,置沸水锅中煮至外皮微皱,捞出,浸入凉水中,搓去种皮,晒干,簸净;
12、枳壳:除去瓤、核,冼净,稍浸,捞出,润软,以手能捏对折为度,切片,晾干;
13、桂枝:用水稍浸泡,捞出,闷润至透,切片,晾干,筛去屑;
14、血竭:拭去灰尘,敲成小块,于冬季干燥天气,放在石灰坛内使燥,然后乘脆研末;
15、酸枣仁:原药放入竹箩内,沉入清水缸中,使仁浮在水面,壳沉水底,将刺仁捞出,晒干;
16、葶苈子:取原药材,除去杂质;
17、益母草:拣去杂质,洗净,润透,切段,晒干;
18、高良姜:拣净杂质,水洗,稍浸,捞出,润透,切片,晾干;
19、半夏:拣去杂质,筛去灰屑;
20、桑寄生:用水洗净,润透,切段,晒干;
21、赤芍:取原药材,除去杂质,大小分档,洗净,润透,切薄片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
22、杜仲:除去粗皮,洗净,润透,切成方块或丝条,晒干;
23、山楂:拣净杂质,筛去核;
24、五灵脂:拣净杂质,打碎或筛去灰屑;
25、乳香:拣去砂子杂质;
26、没药:拣去杂质,打成碎块;
27、甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透,切片,凉干;
28、合欢皮:清水浸泡洗净,捞出,闷润后先划成相等大的长条,再切块或切丝,干燥;
29、厚朴:用水浸泡捞出,润透后刮去粗皮,洗净,切丝,晾干;
30、香橼:取原药材,除去杂质,抢水洗净,稍润,切丝,低温干燥,筛去碎屑。
二、制备
1、将所述重量的栀子、瓜蒌、玉竹、丹参、麦冬、鸡内金、延胡索、川芎、马齿苋、郁金、桃仁、枳壳、桂枝、血竭、酸枣仁、葶苈子、益母草、高良姜、半夏、桑寄生、赤芍、杜仲、山楂、五灵脂、乳香、没药、甘草、合欢皮、厚朴、香橼放入煎药容器内,加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
2、将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
3、将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀,分为3剂服用。
组方中丹参活血去瘀,安神宁心,排脓,止痛,瓜蒌有清热涤痰,宽胸散结,润燥滑肠的功能二者为君药;麦冬养阴润肺,清心除烦,益胃生津,川芎有行气开郁,祛风燥湿,活血止痛的功能,与栀子、玉竹、鸡内金、延胡索为臣药,八味药共同发挥清热活血去瘀,安神宁心、清热涤痰、行气开郁、清心除烦,益胃生津的作用,治疗心绞痛效力全面,且以清热凉血、止血、祛瘀为主,可治本;酸枣仁有养肝,宁心,安神,敛汗的功能与马齿苋、郁金、桃仁、枳壳、桂枝、血竭、酸枣仁、葶苈子、益母草、高良姜、半夏、桑寄生为佐药;厚朴有温中,下气,燥湿,消痰的功能与余下诸药为使药,是治标。
本发明药物具有活血去瘀,安神宁心、清热涤痰、行气开郁、燥湿的功能,用于治疗心绞痛,疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发。
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果,这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告:
取家兔30只,雌雄兼用,体重2.0—2.5kg,分两组,每组15只,其中一组为超剂量试验组,另一组为正常量试验组。超常量组为20ml/kg,正常量为10ml/kg,给药方式为灌胃法给药,每天两次,连服7天,每天观察给药反应,结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常,药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治心绞痛门诊患者共34例。
2、诊断标准
典型症状为:胸部闷痛、压榨性疼痛或胸骨后、咽喉部紧缩感等。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂,给患者服用,每次服用1剂,每天早、晚各服1次,15天为一个疗程,连续服用2个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效:心绞痛症状消失,体质恢复正常,痊愈;
好转:患者胸部闷痛、压榨性疼痛或胸骨后、咽喉部紧缩感的现象减轻,心绞痛症状明显好转,体质逐步恢复;
无效:达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果(见下表)
在上述治疗中,用本发明药物治疗心绞痛患者34例,结果显效28例,显效率为82.35%,好转4例,好转率为11.76%,无效2例,总有效率为94.11%。

Claims (3)

1.一种治疗心绞痛的药物,其特征在于:它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成:
栀子10-15克、瓜蒌10-20克、玉竹10-20克、丹参15-20克、麦冬10-15克、鸡内金10-15克、延胡索10-20克、川芎5-15克、马齿苋5-15克、郁金5-10克、桃仁10-15克、枳壳10-20克、桂枝17-21克、血竭5-10克、酸枣仁10-15克、葶苈子5-15克、益母草10-15克、高良姜10-15克、半夏3-9克、桑寄生5-10克、赤芍10-15克、杜仲10-20克、山楂5-15克、五灵脂5-10克、乳香3-9克、没药3-9克、甘草10-15克、合欢皮10-20克、厚朴5-15克、香橼5-10克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其中各原料药的用量为:
栀子12克、瓜蒌15克、玉竹15克、丹参18克、麦冬12克、鸡内金12克、延胡索15克、川芎10克、马齿苋10克、郁金8克、桃仁12克、枳壳15克、桂枝19克、血竭8克、酸枣仁12克、葶苈子10克、益母草12克、高良姜12克、半夏6克、桑寄生8克、赤芍12克、杜仲15克、山楂10克、五灵脂8克、乳香6克、没药6克、甘草12克、合欢皮15克、厚朴10克、香橼8克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法,它包括下列步骤:
(一)备料
(1)栀子:筛去灰屑,拣去杂质,碾碎过筛或剪去两端;
(2)瓜蒌:取原药材,除去杂质及果柄,洗净,压扁,切丝或小块,干燥;
(3)玉竹:除去杂质,洗净泥土,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切片,晒干;
(4)丹参:拣净杂质,除去根茎,洗净,捞出,润透后切片,晾干;
(5)麦冬:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,捞出,润透后抽去心,再洗净晒干;
(6)鸡内金:拣去杂质,漂净晒干;
(7)延胡索:拣去杂质,用水浸泡,洗净,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片或打碎;
(8)川芎:拣去杂质,分开大、小个,用水浸泡,晒晾,闷润后切片,干燥;
(9)马齿苋:拣净杂质,除去残根,以水稍润,切段晒干;
(10)郁金:用水浸泡,洗净,捞出晒晾,润透,切片,晒干;
(11)桃仁:除去硬壳杂质,置沸水锅中煮至外皮微皱,捞出,浸入凉水中,搓去种皮,晒干,簸净;
(12)枳壳:除去瓤、核,冼净,稍浸,捞出,润软,以手能捏对折为度,切片,晾干;
(13)桂枝:用水稍浸泡,捞出,闷润至透,切片,晾干,筛去屑;
(14)血竭:拭去灰尘,敲成小块,于冬季干燥天气,放在石灰坛内使燥,然后乘脆研末;
(15)酸枣仁:原药放入竹箩内,沉入清水缸中,使仁浮在水面,壳沉水底,将刺仁捞出,晒干;
(16)葶苈子:取原药材,除去杂质;
(17)益母草:拣去杂质,洗净,润透,切段,晒干;
(18)高良姜:拣净杂质,水洗,稍浸,捞出,润透,切片,晾干;
(19)半夏:拣去杂质,筛去灰屑;
(20)桑寄生:用水洗净,润透,切段,晒干;
(21)赤芍:取原药材,除去杂质,大小分档,洗净,润透,切薄片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
(22)杜仲:除去粗皮,洗净,润透,切成方块或丝条,晒干;
(23)山楂:拣净杂质,筛去核;
(24)五灵脂:拣净杂质,打碎或筛去灰屑;
(25)乳香:拣去砂子杂质;
(26)没药:拣去杂质,打成碎块;
(27)甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透,切片,凉干;
(28)合欢皮:清水浸泡洗净,捞出,闷润后先划成相等大的长条,再切块或切丝,干燥;
(29)厚朴:用水浸泡捞出,润透后刮去粗皮,洗净,切丝,晾干;
(30)香橼:取原药材,除去杂质,抢水洗净,稍润,切丝,低温干燥,筛去碎屑;
(二)制备
(1)将所述重量的栀子、瓜蒌、玉竹、丹参、麦冬、鸡内金、延胡索、川芎、马齿苋、郁金、桃仁、枳壳、桂枝、血竭、酸枣仁、葶苈子、益母草、高良姜、半夏、桑寄生、赤芍、杜仲、山楂、五灵脂、乳香、没药、甘草、合欢皮、厚朴、香橼放入煎药容器内,加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
(2)将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
(3)将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀,分为3剂服用。
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