CN108207538A - A kind of ginkgo method for transplanting for improving survival rate - Google Patents
A kind of ginkgo method for transplanting for improving survival rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN108207538A CN108207538A CN201810111179.6A CN201810111179A CN108207538A CN 108207538 A CN108207538 A CN 108207538A CN 201810111179 A CN201810111179 A CN 201810111179A CN 108207538 A CN108207538 A CN 108207538A
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- ginkgo
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- transplanting
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- 235000011201 Ginkgo Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 235000008100 Ginkgo biloba Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 241000218628 Ginkgo Species 0.000 title claims abstract 27
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 19
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000002594 Solanum nigrum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000061457 Solanum nigrum Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940105902 mint extract Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthaleneacetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000006679 Mentha X verticillata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002899 Mentha suaveolens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000001636 Mentha x rotundifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000002307 Solanum ptychanthum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 nano-dioxide Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019779 Rapeseed Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004456 rapeseed meal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 244000194101 Ginkgo biloba Species 0.000 description 75
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- CZFMLDUNXATLOW-XKZIYDEJSA-N (5z)-5-[[3-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)thiophen-2-yl]methylidene]-10-methoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1h-chromeno[3,4-f]quinolin-9-ol Chemical group C1=CC=2NC(C)(C)C=C(C)C=2C2=C1C=1C(OC)=C(O)C=CC=1O\C2=C/C=1SC=CC=1COCCO CZFMLDUNXATLOW-XKZIYDEJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitro-1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=C1 FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001573881 Corolla Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218791 Ginkgoaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NNBFNNNWANBMTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M brilliant green Chemical group OS([O-])(=O)=O.C1=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)=C1C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C1 NNBFNNNWANBMTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/22—Lamiaceae or Labiatae [Mint family], e.g. thyme, rosemary, skullcap, selfheal, lavender, perilla, pennyroyal, peppermint or spearmint
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/38—Solanaceae [Potato family], e.g. nightshade, tomato, tobacco or chilli pepper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ginkgo method for transplanting for improving survival rate, are related to seedling growth technical field, including：（1）, ginkgo pretreatment；（2）, digging；（3）, excavate kind of a plant hole；（4）, transplant planting；（5）, cultivating and managing.The present invention can effectively improve ginkgo transplanting survival rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seedling planting, in particular to a ginkgo tree transplanting method capable of improving survival rate.
Background
Semen Ginkgo is leaf of Ginkgo of Ginkgoaceae. The ginkgo tree is tall and straight and leaves are fan-shaped. The corolla is large and shady, and has effect of lowering temperature. The leaf shape is ancient and elegant, and the service life is long. No pest and disease damage, no environmental pollution, smooth trunk, and is a famous pollution-free tree species, which is beneficial to the reproduction of ginkgo and the addition of landscape. Has strong adaptability and wide requirements of gingko on climate soil. Smoke dust resistance, fire resistance and toxic gas resistance. The ginkgo tree is tall and big, the trunk is straight, the posture is beautiful, the ginkgo tree is emerald green in spring and summer and golden yellow in late autumn, and the ginkgo tree is an ideal cultivation tree species which can be used for landscaping, roadways, highways, field forest nets and windproof forest belts. The ginkgo seedlings are transplanted and migrated to be used for landscaping, sidewalks or roads, but the survival rate in the transplanting process is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ginkgo tree transplanting method capable of improving the survival rate, which can effectively improve the transplanting survival rate of the ginkgo tree.
The invention provides the following technical scheme: a ginkgo tree transplanting method for improving survival rate comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of ginkgo tree
Selecting a ginkgo tree to be transplanted, sawing off the top end of a trunk of the ginkgo tree 5-6 days before transplanting, reserving a main trunk, controlling the length to be 3-15 m, trimming side branches on the main trunk, reserving 3-5 side branches, and reserving leaves;
(2) and lifting and digging
Digging out the whole trunk of the ginkgo tree obtained in the step (1) from the underground, and reserving soil at the root of the ginkgo tree to enable the diameter of the soil at the root to be 0.5-1.5 m;
(3) excavating planting hole
Excavating planting holes, wherein the depth of each planting hole is 40-100 cm, the diameter of each planting hole is 60-100 cm, water-retaining particles which absorb enough water are placed in the planting holes, and a degradable water-retaining layer is laid on the inner wall of each planting hole, so that the degradable water-retaining layer is attached to the inner wall of each planting hole to form a root growth space;
the water-retaining particles comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-40 parts of super absorbent resin, 15-20 parts of chlorinated paraffin, 15-20 parts of zeolite powder, 8-11 parts of sepiolite powder, 8-11 parts of polyacrylate, 8-11 parts of plant straw, 4-6 parts of sodium aluminate, 4-6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 4-6 parts of borax, 1-3 parts of potassium nitrate and 1-3 parts of magnesium sulfate;
(4) transplanting and field planting
Filling a substrate at the bottom of the root system growth space, wherein the thickness of the substrate is 3-5 cm, then transplanting the ginkgo tree seedlings into the root system growth space, covering soil and compacting, then irrigating soil with water until the soil at the roots of the seedlings is completely soaked in water, and then paving a layer of moss on the root soil;
(5) and cultivation management
Trimming: timely thinning dense branch tips, overgrown branch tips and branch groups influencing illumination, wherein the pruning quantity in summer is not more than 8% of the total quantity of branches and leaves of the tree body;
and (3) water and fertilizer management: watering at proper time, wherein rainwater and organic fertilizer are added once before winter in spring season every year;
pest control;
and (5) protecting the tree body.
Preferably, the step (1) further comprises: 8-15 days before transplanting, spraying the tree body with a botanical insecticide, wherein the botanical insecticide comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 24-26 parts of ginkgo extract, 9-11 parts of mint extract, 4-6 parts of ivy extract, 1-3 parts of black nightshade extract and the balance of water;
the ginkgo extract is prepared by drying and grinding ginkgo into powder, extracting with ethanol, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure, wherein the ginkgo is a mixture of at least two of waste stems, leaves, flowers and fruits of a ginkgo tree which is pruned or naturally shed,
the mint extract and the ivy extract are prepared by respectively drying and grinding mint leaves and ivy into powder, then extracting with ethanol, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure;
the Solanum nigrum extract is prepared by drying and grinding the stems, leaves or roots of Solanum nigrum into powder, extracting with ethanol, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure.
Preferably, a repairing agent is smeared on the wound of the ginkgo tree after the pruning in the step (1), and the repairing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 34-36 parts of bentonite, 14-16 parts of diatomite, 14-16 parts of nutrient solution and 9-11 parts of folium artemisiae argyi juice, and uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain the repairing agent.
Preferably, the nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.4-0.6 g/L potassium nitrate, 0.4-0.6 g/L boric acid, 0.4-0.6 g/L calcium nitrate, 0.08-0.1 g/L manganese sulfate, 0.08-0.1 g/L calcium superphosphate, 0.02-0.06 g/L zinc sulfate, 0.02-0.06 g/L magnesium sulfate, 0.006-0.008 g/L copper sulfate, 0.006-0.008 g/L ferric sulfate, 0.004-0.006 g/L ammonium molybdate, 0.004-0.006 g/L hydroxymethyl cellulose and the balance of water.
Preferably, the degradable water-retaining layer in the step (3) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65-90 parts of plant fiber material, 9-11 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 9-11 parts of heavy calcium carbonate, 9-11 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 1-3 parts of stearic acid, 1-3 parts of coupling agent, 1-3 parts of antioxidant, 1-2 parts of dispersant and 25-35 parts of water.
Preferably, the preparation method of the degradable water retention layer in the step (3) comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the plant fiber material, and sieving the crushed plant fiber material by a sieve of 110-150 meshes to obtain powder;
(2) uniformly mixing and stirring the powdery substance, polyvinyl alcohol, heavy calcium carbonate, nano-dioxide, stearic acid, a coupling agent, an antioxidant and a dispersing agent in a stirrer, and adding water in the stirring process to obtain a mixed material;
(3) preparing a hot press and a mould, preheating the temperature to 105 ℃, putting the mixed material into the mould for hot pressing, taking out, and cooling and drying to obtain the degradable water-retaining layer.
Preferably, the plant fiber material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the method comprises the following steps of 25-30 parts of ginkgo fallen leaves, 20-25 parts of landscaping waste, 15-20 parts of corn straw and 9-11 parts of wheat straw, wherein the landscaping waste is branches, leaves and stems obtained in the landscaping process.
Preferably, the matrix in the step (4) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of expanded perlite, 14-16 parts of pine needle powder, 10-12 parts of vinasse, 9-10 parts of bagasse, 4-6 parts of shell powder, 4-6 parts of crab shell, 1-3 parts of sawdust, 1-3 parts of yeast, 1-3 parts of naphthylacetic acid and 35-55 parts of water.
Preferably, the organic fertilizer in the step (5) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of rapeseed meal, 45-55 parts of chicken manure, 24-26 parts of humic acid, 20-22 parts of decomposed sweet potato seedlings, 14-16 parts of rice hulls, 14-16 parts of bentonite, 9-11 parts of boric acid, 9-11 parts of magnesium sulfate, 4-6 parts of ammonium sulfate, 4-6 parts of calcium superphosphate, 4-6 parts of potassium sulfate and 80-90 parts of water.
Preferably, the step (5) of tree body protection comprises:
(1) planting ivy at the root of the tree body after transplanting, and climbing the tree body;
(2) and a support frame is built around the root of the tree body to prevent the tree body from shaking.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the transplanting survival rate of the ginkgo trees can be effectively improved, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) the ginkgo tree planting method has the advantages that planting holes are excavated, water-retaining particles which absorb enough water are placed in the planting holes, the water-retaining particles can intercept and block natural rainfall to a certain extent, and the absorption of the rainfall by soil is improved;
(2) in addition, the degradable water-retaining layer is only paved on the inner wall of the planting hole, and is not paved at the bottom, so that a root system growth space in the vertical direction is formed, the root system of the seedling is controlled and guided to grow towards the bottom of the planting hole, the root system of the ginkgo tree is enabled to continue to grow downwards after being coiled in the planting hole, on one hand, the root system can be prevented from growing towards the ground and damaging bricks near the ground (particularly the ginkgo tree used for green zones such as sidewalks, roads and the like), on the other hand, the soil can be firmly grabbed, and the wind resistance and lodging resistance can be improved;
(3) the degradable water retention layer used in the invention has certain air permeability and water resistance, plays a role in retaining water and fertilizer on one hand, and can control the growth of ginkgo root systems on the other hand, plant fiber materials are used as main raw materials, heavy calcium carbonate and nano-silica are used as flexibilizers, and polyvinyl alcohol is used as an adhesive, so that the degradable water retention layer used in the invention can be completely degraded and has no pollution to environmental safety, multiple experimental data show that the degradation period of the degradable water retention layer is 6-10 months, after the degradable water retention layer is degraded, the upper root system can grow to two sides, but the main root is formed at the moment, so that the phenomenon of supporting bricks near the ground cannot be generated, on the contrary, the lateral roots growing to the two sides can further consolidate the trunk and supply water upwards, and further improve the life vitality;
(4) the method is used for protecting the trees after the trees are transplanted, so that the transplanting survival rate is further improved, and particularly, the ivy is planted at the root of the trees and climbs the trees, the ivy has strong adaptability and cold resistance to the environment, the leaves are dark green, a plurality of aerial roots are arranged on the stems and are easily adsorbed on the trunks to grow, the trees are prevented from being burnt by sunlight, and the effect of protecting the trunks can be achieved; building a support frame around the root of the tree body to prevent the tree body from shaking to damage a new root system in the soil;
(5) the ginkgo tree is pretreated, and the plant source insecticide is sprayed on the tree body before transplanting to play a role in preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. These examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A ginkgo tree transplanting method for improving survival rate comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of ginkgo tree
Selecting a ginkgo tree to be transplanted, sawing off the top end of a trunk of the ginkgo tree 5 days before transplanting, reserving a main trunk, controlling the length to be 3m, trimming side branches on the main trunk, reserving 3 side branches, and reserving leaves;
(2) and lifting and digging
Digging out the whole trunk of the ginkgo tree obtained in the step (1) from the underground, and reserving soil at the root of the ginkgo tree to enable the diameter of the root soil to be 0.5 m;
(3) excavating planting hole
Excavating planting holes, wherein the depth of each planting hole is 40cm, the diameter of each planting hole is 60cm, water-retaining particles which absorb enough water are placed in the planting holes, and a degradable water-retaining layer is laid on the inner wall of each planting hole, so that the degradable water-retaining layer is attached to the inner wall of each planting hole to form a root system growth space;
the water-retaining particles comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of super absorbent resin, 15 parts of chlorinated paraffin, 15 parts of zeolite powder, 8 parts of sepiolite powder, 8 parts of polyacrylate, 8 parts of plant straws, 4 parts of sodium aluminate, 4 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 4 parts of borax, 1 part of potassium nitrate and 1 part of magnesium sulfate;
(4) transplanting and field planting
Filling a substrate at the bottom of the root system growth space, wherein the thickness of the substrate is 3cm, then transplanting the ginkgo tree seedlings into the root system growth space, covering soil and compacting, then irrigating soil with water until the soil at the roots of the seedlings is completely soaked in water, and then paving a layer of moss on the root soil;
(5) and cultivation management
Trimming: timely thinning dense branch tips, overgrown branch tips and branch groups influencing illumination, wherein the pruning quantity in summer is not more than 8% of the total quantity of branches and leaves of the tree body;
and (3) water and fertilizer management: watering at proper time, wherein rainwater and organic fertilizer are added once before winter in spring season every year;
pest control;
and (5) protecting the tree body.
Wherein,
the step (1) further comprises: 8 days before transplanting, spraying the tree body with a botanical insecticide, wherein the botanical insecticide comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 24 parts of ginkgo extract, 9 parts of mint extract, 4 parts of ivy extract, 1 part of black nightshade extract and the balance of water;
the ginkgo extract is prepared by drying and grinding ginkgo into powder, extracting with ethanol, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure, wherein the ginkgo is a mixture of at least two of waste stems, leaves, flowers and fruits of a ginkgo tree which is pruned or naturally shed,
the mint extract and the ivy extract are prepared by respectively drying and grinding mint leaves and ivy into powder, then extracting with ethanol, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure;
the Solanum nigrum extract is prepared by drying and grinding the stems, leaves or roots of Solanum nigrum into powder, extracting with ethanol, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure.
Wherein,
the repairing agent is smeared at the wound of the ginkgo tree after the pruning in the step (1), and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 34 parts of bentonite, 14 parts of diatomite, 14 parts of nutrient solution and 9 parts of folium artemisiae argyi juice, and the repairing agent is obtained by uniformly mixing the raw materials.
Wherein,
the nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.4g/L of potassium nitrate, 0.4g/L of boric acid, 0.4g/L of calcium nitrate, 0.08g/L of manganese sulfate, 0.08g/L of calcium superphosphate, 0.02g/L of zinc sulfate, 0.02g/L of magnesium sulfate, 0.006g/L of copper sulfate, 0.006g/L of ferric sulfate, 0.004g/L of ammonium molybdate, 0.004g/L of hydroxymethyl cellulose and the balance of water.
The degradable water-retaining layer in the step (3) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of plant fiber material, 9 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 9 parts of ground limestone, 9 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 1 part of stearic acid, 1 part of coupling agent, 1 part of antioxidant, 1 part of dispersant and 25 parts of water.
Wherein,
the preparation method of the degradable water retention layer in the step (3) comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the plant fiber material, and sieving the crushed plant fiber material with a 110-mesh sieve to obtain powder;
(2) uniformly mixing and stirring the powdery substance, polyvinyl alcohol, heavy calcium carbonate, nano-dioxide, stearic acid, a coupling agent, an antioxidant and a dispersing agent in a stirrer, and adding water in the stirring process to obtain a mixed material;
(3) preparing a hot press and a mould, preheating the temperature to 105 ℃, putting the mixed material into the mould for hot pressing, taking out, and cooling and drying to obtain the degradable water-retaining layer.
Wherein,
the plant fiber material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the plant cultivation method comprises the following steps of 25 parts of ginkgo fallen leaves, 20 parts of landscaping waste, 15 parts of corn straw and 9 parts of wheat straw, wherein the landscaping waste is branches, leaves and stems constructed in the landscaping process.
The matrix in the step (4) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of expanded perlite, 14 parts of pine needle powder, 10 parts of vinasse, 9 parts of bagasse, 4 parts of shell powder, 4 parts of crab shell, 1 part of sawdust, 1 part of yeast, 1 part of naphthylacetic acid and 35 parts of water.
The organic fertilizer in the step (5) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of rapeseed dregs, 45 parts of chicken manure, 24 parts of humic acid, 20 parts of decomposed sweet potato seedlings, 14 parts of rice hulls, 14 parts of bentonite, 9 parts of boric acid, 9 parts of magnesium sulfate, 4 parts of ammonium sulfate, 4 parts of calcium superphosphate, 4 parts of potassium sulfate and 80 parts of water.
Wherein,
the tree protection in the step (5) comprises the following steps:
(1) planting ivy at the root of the tree body after transplanting, and climbing the tree body;
(2) and a support frame is built around the root of the tree body to prevent the tree body from shaking.
Example 2
A ginkgo tree transplanting method for improving survival rate comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of ginkgo tree
Selecting a ginkgo tree to be transplanted, sawing off the top end of a trunk of the ginkgo tree 6 days before transplanting, reserving a main trunk, controlling the length to be 15m, trimming side branches on the main trunk, reserving 5 side branches, and reserving leaves;
(2) and lifting and digging
Digging out the whole trunk of the ginkgo tree obtained in the step (1) from the underground, and reserving soil at the root of the ginkgo tree to enable the diameter of the soil at the root to be 1.5 m;
(3) excavating planting hole
Excavating planting holes, wherein the depth of each planting hole is 100cm, the diameter of each planting hole is 100cm, water-retaining particles which absorb enough water are placed in the planting holes, and a degradable water-retaining layer is laid on the inner wall of each planting hole, so that the degradable water-retaining layer is attached to the inner wall of each planting hole to form a root system growth space;
the water-retaining particles comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of super absorbent resin, 20 parts of chlorinated paraffin, 20 parts of zeolite powder, 11 parts of sepiolite powder, 11 parts of polyacrylate, 11 parts of plant straws, 6 parts of sodium aluminate, 6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 6 parts of borax, 3 parts of potassium nitrate and 3 parts of magnesium sulfate;
(4) transplanting and field planting
Filling a substrate at the bottom of the root system growth space, wherein the thickness of the substrate is 5cm, then transplanting the ginkgo tree seedlings into the root system growth space, covering soil and compacting, then irrigating soil with water until the soil at the roots of the seedlings is completely soaked in water, and then paving a layer of moss on the root soil;
(5) and cultivation management
Trimming: timely thinning dense branch tips, overgrown branch tips and branch groups influencing illumination, wherein the pruning quantity in summer is not more than 8% of the total quantity of branches and leaves of the tree body;
and (3) water and fertilizer management: watering at proper time, wherein rainwater and organic fertilizer are added once before winter in spring season every year;
pest control;
and (5) protecting the tree body.
Wherein,
the step (1) further comprises: spraying plant source insecticide on trees 15 days before transplanting, wherein the plant source insecticide comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 26 parts of ginkgo extract, 11 parts of mint extract, 6 parts of ivy extract, 3 parts of black nightshade extract and the balance of water;
the ginkgo extract is prepared by drying and grinding ginkgo into powder, extracting with ethanol, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure, wherein the ginkgo is a mixture of at least two of waste stems, leaves, flowers and fruits of a ginkgo tree which is pruned or naturally shed,
the mint extract and the ivy extract are prepared by respectively drying and grinding mint leaves and ivy into powder, then extracting with ethanol, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure;
the Solanum nigrum extract is prepared by drying and grinding the stems, leaves or roots of Solanum nigrum into powder, extracting with ethanol, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure.
Wherein,
the repairing agent is smeared at the wound of the ginkgo tree after the pruning in the step (1), and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 36 parts of bentonite, 16 parts of diatomite, 16 parts of nutrient solution and 11 parts of folium artemisiae argyi juice, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed to obtain the repairing agent.
The nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.6g/L of potassium nitrate, 0.6g/L of boric acid, 0.6g/L of calcium nitrate, 0.1g/L of manganese sulfate, 0.1g/L of calcium superphosphate, 0.06g/L of zinc sulfate, 0.06g/L of magnesium sulfate, 0.008g/L of copper sulfate, 0.008g/L of ferric sulfate, 0.006g/L of ammonium molybdate, 0.006g/L of hydroxymethyl cellulose and the balance of water.
The degradable water-retaining layer in the step (3) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of plant fiber material, 11 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 11 parts of ground limestone, 11 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 3 parts of stearic acid, 3 parts of coupling agent, 3 parts of antioxidant, 2 parts of dispersant and 35 parts of water.
Wherein,
the preparation method of the degradable water retention layer in the step (3) comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the plant fiber material, and sieving the crushed plant fiber material with a 150-mesh sieve to obtain powder;
(2) uniformly mixing and stirring the powdery substance, polyvinyl alcohol, heavy calcium carbonate, nano-dioxide, stearic acid, a coupling agent, an antioxidant and a dispersing agent in a stirrer, and adding water in the stirring process to obtain a mixed material;
(3) preparing a hot press and a mould, preheating the temperature to 105 ℃, putting the mixed material into the mould for hot pressing, taking out, and cooling and drying to obtain the degradable water-retaining layer.
Wherein,
the plant fiber material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of ginkgo fallen leaves, 25 parts of landscaping waste, 20 parts of corn straw and 11 parts of wheat straw, wherein the landscaping waste is branches, leaves and stems constructed in the landscaping process.
The matrix in the step (4) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of expanded perlite, 16 parts of pine needle powder, 12 parts of vinasse, 10 parts of bagasse, 6 parts of shell powder, 6 parts of crab shell, 3 parts of sawdust, 3 parts of yeast, 3 parts of naphthylacetic acid and 55 parts of water.
The organic fertilizer in the step (5) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of rapeseed dregs, 55 parts of chicken manure, 26 parts of humic acid, 22 parts of decomposed sweet potato seedlings, 16 parts of rice hulls, 16 parts of bentonite, 11 parts of boric acid, 11 parts of magnesium sulfate, 6 parts of ammonium sulfate, 6 parts of calcium superphosphate, 6 parts of potassium sulfate and 90 parts of water.
Wherein,
the tree protection in the step (5) comprises the following steps:
(1) planting ivy at the root of the tree body after transplanting, and climbing the tree body;
(2) and a support frame is built around the root of the tree body to prevent the tree body from shaking.
Example 3
A ginkgo tree transplanting method for improving survival rate comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of ginkgo tree
Selecting a ginkgo tree to be transplanted, sawing off the top end of a trunk of the ginkgo tree 6 days before transplanting, reserving a main trunk, controlling the length to be 8m, trimming side branches on the main trunk, reserving 4 side branches, and reserving leaves;
(2) and lifting and digging
Digging out the whole trunk of the ginkgo tree obtained in the step (1) from the underground, and reserving soil at the root of the ginkgo tree to enable the diameter of the soil at the root to be 1 m;
(3) excavating planting hole
Excavating planting holes, wherein the depth of each planting hole is 80cm, the diameter of each planting hole is 70cm, water-retaining particles which absorb enough water are placed in the planting holes, and a degradable water-retaining layer is laid on the inner wall of each planting hole, so that the degradable water-retaining layer is attached to the inner wall of each planting hole to form a root system growth space;
the water-retaining particles comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 37.5 parts of super absorbent resin, 17.5 parts of chlorinated paraffin, 17.5 parts of zeolite powder, 10 parts of sepiolite powder, 10 parts of polyacrylate, 10 parts of plant straws, 5 parts of sodium aluminate, 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 5 parts of borax, 2 parts of potassium nitrate and 2 parts of magnesium sulfate;
(4) transplanting and field planting
Filling a substrate at the bottom of the root system growth space, wherein the thickness of the substrate is 4cm, then transplanting the ginkgo tree seedlings into the root system growth space, covering soil and compacting, then irrigating soil with water until the soil at the roots of the seedlings is completely soaked in water, and then paving a layer of moss on the root soil;
(5) and cultivation management
Trimming: timely thinning dense branch tips, overgrown branch tips and branch groups influencing illumination, wherein the pruning quantity in summer is not more than 8% of the total quantity of branches and leaves of the tree body;
and (3) water and fertilizer management: watering at proper time, wherein rainwater and organic fertilizer are added once before winter in spring season every year;
pest control;
and (5) protecting the tree body.
Wherein,
the step (1) further comprises: spraying a plant source pesticide on the tree body 10 days before transplanting, wherein the plant source pesticide comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of ginkgo extract, 10 parts of mint extract, 5 parts of ivy extract, 2 parts of black nightshade extract and the balance of water;
the ginkgo extract is prepared by drying and grinding ginkgo into powder, extracting with ethanol, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure, wherein the ginkgo is a mixture of at least two of waste stems, leaves, flowers and fruits of a ginkgo tree which is pruned or naturally shed,
the mint extract and the ivy extract are prepared by respectively drying and grinding mint leaves and ivy into powder, then extracting with ethanol, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure;
the Solanum nigrum extract is prepared by drying and grinding stems, leaves or roots of Solanum nigrum into powder, extracting with ethanol, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure.
Wherein,
the repairing agent is smeared at the wound of the ginkgo tree after the pruning in the step (1), and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of bentonite, 15 parts of diatomite, 15 parts of nutrient solution and 10 parts of folium artemisiae argyi juice, and uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain the repairing agent.
The nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5g/L potassium nitrate, 0.5g/L boric acid, 0.5g/L calcium nitrate, 0.09g/L manganese sulfate, 0.09g/L calcium superphosphate, 0.04g/L zinc sulfate, 0.04g/L magnesium sulfate, 0.007g/L copper sulfate, 0.007g/L ferric sulfate, 0.005g/L ammonium molybdate, 0.005g/L hydroxymethyl cellulose and the balance of water.
The degradable water-retaining layer in the step (3) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of plant fiber material, 10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 10 parts of ground limestone, 10 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 2 parts of stearic acid, 2 parts of coupling agent, 2 parts of antioxidant, 1.5 parts of dispersant and 30 parts of water.
Wherein,
the preparation method of the degradable water retention layer in the step (3) comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the plant fiber material, and sieving the crushed plant fiber material with a 130-mesh sieve to obtain powder;
(2) uniformly mixing and stirring the powdery substance, polyvinyl alcohol, heavy calcium carbonate, nano-dioxide, stearic acid, a coupling agent, an antioxidant and a dispersing agent in a stirrer, and adding water in the stirring process to obtain a mixed material;
(3) preparing a hot press and a mould, preheating the temperature to 105 ℃, putting the mixed material into the mould for hot pressing, taking out, and cooling and drying to obtain the degradable water-retaining layer.
The plant fiber material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 27.5 parts of ginkgo fallen leaves, 22.5 parts of landscaping waste, 17.5 parts of corn straw and 10 parts of wheat straw, wherein the landscaping waste is branches, leaves and stems constructed in the landscaping process.
The matrix in the step (4) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32.5 parts of expanded perlite, 15 parts of pine needle powder, 11 parts of vinasse, 9.5 parts of bagasse, 5 parts of shell powder, 5 parts of crab shell, 2 parts of sawdust, 2 parts of yeast, 2 parts of naphthylacetic acid and 45 parts of water.
The organic fertilizer in the step (5) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of rapeseed dregs, 50 parts of chicken manure, 24-26 parts of humic acid, 21 parts of decomposed sweet potato seedlings, 15 parts of rice hulls, 15 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of boric acid, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5 parts of potassium sulfate and 85 parts of water.
Wherein,
the tree protection in the step (5) comprises the following steps:
(1) planting ivy at the root of the tree body after transplanting, and climbing the tree body;
(2) and a support frame is built around the root of the tree body to prevent the tree body from shaking.
While the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes can be made and equivalents can be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A ginkgo tree transplanting method for improving survival rate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of ginkgo tree
Selecting a ginkgo tree to be transplanted, sawing off the top end of a trunk of the ginkgo tree 5-6 days before transplanting, reserving a main trunk, controlling the length to be 3-15 m, trimming side branches on the main trunk, reserving 3-5 side branches, and reserving leaves;
(2) and lifting and digging
Digging out the whole trunk of the ginkgo tree obtained in the step (1) from the underground, and reserving soil at the root of the ginkgo tree to enable the diameter of the soil at the root to be 0.5-1.5 m;
(3) excavating planting hole
Excavating planting holes, wherein the depth of each planting hole is 40-100 cm, the diameter of each planting hole is 60-100 cm, water-retaining particles which absorb enough water are placed in the planting holes, and a degradable water-retaining layer is laid on the inner wall of each planting hole, so that the degradable water-retaining layer is attached to the inner wall of each planting hole to form a root growth space;
the water-retaining particles comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-40 parts of super absorbent resin, 15-20 parts of chlorinated paraffin, 15-20 parts of zeolite powder, 8-11 parts of sepiolite powder, 8-11 parts of polyacrylate, 8-11 parts of plant straw, 4-6 parts of sodium aluminate, 4-6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 4-6 parts of borax, 1-3 parts of potassium nitrate and 1-3 parts of magnesium sulfate;
(4) transplanting and field planting
Filling a substrate at the bottom of the root system growth space, wherein the thickness of the substrate is 3-5 cm, then transplanting the ginkgo tree seedlings into the root system growth space, covering soil and compacting, then irrigating soil with water until the soil at the roots of the seedlings is completely soaked in water, and then paving a layer of moss on the root soil;
(5) and cultivation management
Trimming: timely thinning dense branch tips, overgrown branch tips and branch groups influencing illumination, wherein the pruning quantity in summer is not more than 8% of the total quantity of branches and leaves of the tree body;
and (3) water and fertilizer management: watering at proper time, wherein rainwater and organic fertilizer are added once before winter in spring season every year;
pest control;
and (5) protecting the tree body.
2. The method for transplanting ginkgo trees with improved survival rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (1) further comprises: 8-15 days before transplanting, spraying the tree body with a botanical insecticide, wherein the botanical insecticide comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 24-26 parts of ginkgo extract, 9-11 parts of mint extract, 4-6 parts of ivy extract, 1-3 parts of black nightshade extract and the balance of water;
the ginkgo extract is prepared by drying and grinding ginkgo into powder, extracting with ethanol, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure, wherein the ginkgo is a mixture of at least two of waste stems, leaves, flowers and fruits of a ginkgo tree which is pruned or naturally shed,
the mint extract and the ivy extract are prepared by respectively drying and grinding mint leaves and ivy into powder, then extracting with ethanol, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure;
the Solanum nigrum extract is prepared by drying and grinding the stems, leaves or roots of Solanum nigrum into powder, extracting with ethanol, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure.
3. The method for transplanting ginkgo trees with improved survival rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein a repairing agent is applied to the wound of the ginkgo trees after pruning in the step (1), and the repairing agent comprises the following raw materials: 34-36 parts of bentonite, 14-16 parts of diatomite, 14-16 parts of nutrient solution and 9-11 parts of folium artemisiae argyi juice, and uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain the repairing agent.
4. The method for transplanting ginkgo trees with improved survival rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials: 0.4-0.6 g/L potassium nitrate, 0.4-0.6 g/L boric acid, 0.4-0.6 g/L calcium nitrate, 0.08-0.1 g/L manganese sulfate, 0.08-0.1 g/L calcium superphosphate, 0.02-0.06 g/L zinc sulfate, 0.02-0.06 g/L magnesium sulfate, 0.006-0.008 g/L copper sulfate, 0.006-0.008 g/L ferric sulfate, 0.004-0.006 g/L ammonium molybdate, 0.004-0.006 g/L hydroxymethyl cellulose and the balance of water.
5. The method for transplanting ginkgo trees with improved survival rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the degradable water-retaining layer in step (3) comprises the following raw materials: 65-90 parts of plant fiber material, 9-11 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 9-11 parts of heavy calcium carbonate, 9-11 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 1-3 parts of stearic acid, 1-3 parts of coupling agent, 1-3 parts of antioxidant, 1-2 parts of dispersant and 25-35 parts of water.
6. The method for transplanting ginkgo trees with improved survival rate according to claim 5, wherein the method for preparing the degradable water-retaining layer in the step (3) comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the plant fiber material, and sieving the crushed plant fiber material by a sieve of 110-150 meshes to obtain powder;
(2) uniformly mixing and stirring the powdery substance, polyvinyl alcohol, heavy calcium carbonate, nano-dioxide, stearic acid, a coupling agent, an antioxidant and a dispersing agent in a stirrer, and adding water in the stirring process to obtain a mixed material;
(3) preparing a hot press and a mould, preheating the temperature to 105 ℃, putting the mixed material into the mould for hot pressing, taking out, and cooling and drying to obtain the degradable water-retaining layer.
7. The method for transplanting ginkgo trees with improved survival rate as claimed in claim 5, wherein the plant fiber material comprises the following raw materials: the method comprises the following steps of 25-30 parts of ginkgo fallen leaves, 20-25 parts of landscaping waste, 15-20 parts of corn straw and 9-11 parts of wheat straw, wherein the landscaping waste is branches, leaves and stems obtained in the landscaping process.
8. The method for transplanting ginkgo trees with improved survival rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the matrix in the step (4) comprises the following raw materials: 30-35 parts of expanded perlite, 14-16 parts of pine needle powder, 10-12 parts of vinasse, 9-10 parts of bagasse, 4-6 parts of shell powder, 4-6 parts of crab shell, 1-3 parts of sawdust, 1-3 parts of yeast, 1-3 parts of naphthylacetic acid and 35-55 parts of water.
9. The method for transplanting ginkgo trees with improved survival rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizer of step (5) comprises the following raw materials: 55-65 parts of rapeseed meal, 45-55 parts of chicken manure, 24-26 parts of humic acid, 20-22 parts of decomposed sweet potato seedlings, 14-16 parts of rice hulls, 14-16 parts of bentonite, 9-11 parts of boric acid, 9-11 parts of magnesium sulfate, 4-6 parts of ammonium sulfate, 4-6 parts of calcium superphosphate, 4-6 parts of potassium sulfate and 80-90 parts of water.
10. The method for transplanting ginkgo trees with improved survival rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step (5) of tree body protection comprises:
(1) planting ivy at the root of the tree body after transplanting, and climbing the tree body;
(2) and a support frame is built around the root of the tree body to prevent the tree body from shaking.
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