CN102907224A - Method for promoting growth and propagation of plants and microorganisms in mine tailing area - Google Patents
Method for promoting growth and propagation of plants and microorganisms in mine tailing area Download PDFInfo
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- CN102907224A CN102907224A CN201210362608XA CN201210362608A CN102907224A CN 102907224 A CN102907224 A CN 102907224A CN 201210362608X A CN201210362608X A CN 201210362608XA CN 201210362608 A CN201210362608 A CN 201210362608A CN 102907224 A CN102907224 A CN 102907224A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for promoting growth and propagation of plants and microorganisms in a mine tailing area, so as to achieve the target of rebuilding vegetation in the mine tailing area. The method comprises the steps of: firstly, preparing a drought-enduring nutrient substrate, applying the drought-enduring nutrient substrate into a plant planting pit formed in the mine tailing area, and planting Sedum lineare and Puerarialobata in the plant planting pit. Growth and propagation of the plants and the indigenous microorganism in the mine tailing area can be facilitated by the method, and a thick vegetation and an abundant microbial community are formed. The method disclosed by the invention can be applied to vegetation rebuilding and biological remediation in mine tailing and drought and salinity areas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly improve plant and microorganism in the drought-enduring method in mine tailing district, particularly utilize drought-enduring nutrient matrix raising plant and microorganism to the tolerance of arid, promote plant and microbial growth and breeding, reach the purpose that plant and microorganism are repaired mine tailing and hinder the soil and water of the heavy metal migration stain periphery in the mine tailings.
Background technology
The excessive arid that causes a little less than the metal tail slag retention ability is the major reason of Tailings Dam vegetation shortage and indigenous microorganism rareness.Adopt ancillary method, improve the drought resistance of plant and microorganism, can store up the district at the mine tailings of arid and promote plant and indigenous microorganism Growth and reproduction, revegetation, thereby the heavy metal of effectively controlling in the slag spreads with rainwater and airborne dust, the vegetation of rebuilding also can be controlled the soil erosion and water and soil loss, increases soil nutrient, recovers degraded ecosystem and beautifies the environment.
We find that by experimental study when the mine tailings laydown area carried out revegetation, moisture was and important limiting factor.Research finds also to have in the Tailings Dam of the vegetation that do not grow microorganism to exist, and mainly be bacterium, fungi and actinomycetes etc., but quantity is few, poor growth, owing to lack moisture and nutrition, major part is in resting state.The metabolism of microorganism is conducive to the circulation of mine tailing nutrient, increases the fertility of mine tailing, can provide part nutrition for plant, and the root system of plant also provides place and nutrient for microbial growth simultaneously.Therefore, when the mine tailing phytoremediation, in the planting hole, add some and be rich in the water conservation material of nutrition, can promote plant and microorganism at the growth and breeding of Tailings Dam.
The shortage of the moisture of mine tailings has become the principal element of restriction plant life, has caused plant not grow at Tailings Dam, when revegetation, can adopt Water-retaining Measure to promote plant to grow at mine tailing.Research is found, bamboo fibre, plant gel etc. have the slow-release capability of stronger water absorbing capacity and moisture, in the matrix of plant cultivation, add bamboo fibre, plant gel etc., make the moisture long preservation in the matrix, promote plant and microorganism Growth and reproduction on the Tailings Dam slag of arid.Based on our result of study, when the phytoremediation Tailings Dam, characteristics according to Tailings Dam, the present invention adopts environment amenable drought-enduring nutrient matrix, this culture matrix has the function of slowly-releasing moisture, but the long period keep moisture and part nutrition be provided, improve plant and microorganism to the tolerance of mine tailing arid, promote plant and microbial growth and breeding, for fast and effeciently Tailings Dam being carried out revegetation and biological prostheticly provides a kind of new method.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method that promotes plant and microorganism Growth and reproduction on the slag of arid, it is low, easy and simple to handle, environmentally friendly and can be widely used in the advantages such as mine tailing revegetation and mine pollution control that the method has a cost.
A kind ofly promote plant and microorganism in the method for arid mine tailing district Growth and reproduction, step is as follows:
(1) preparation mixed fertilizer A: formulated with animal wastes and vegetable garden soil after the bamboo fibre behind the biological enzyme degumming, the fermentation, the quality proportioning of each component is: with the bamboo fibre 5-10 part behind the biological enzyme degumming, animal wastes 15-25 part after the fermentation, vegetable garden soil 60-70 part;
(2) preparation mixed fertilizer B: mixed fertilizer B is improvement MS(Murashige and Skoog) solid culture medium, compound method is the method preparation routinely of MS liquid nutrient medium, in the MS liquid nutrient medium that configures, by volume add 20-30 g sucrose and 2.5-3.0g plant gel in every liter, 80-90 ℃ was heated 10-20 minute, after the cooling, be cut into the square that length is 0.5-1.0 centimetre of size, for subsequent use.
(3) preparation of drought-enduring nutrient matrix: prepare by mass fraction, 5.0-6.0 part mixed fertilizer A, 0.5-1.0 part mixed fertilizer B, the mine tailings of 6.0-8.0 part, and mix;
(4) on smooth sample ground, the mine tailings contaminated area of arid, make the plantation hole, plantation hole long 10-20cm, wide 10-20cm, dark 15-20cm; Pile into water-preserving nutritive matrix in each plantation hole;
(5) in plantation hole cultivating sedum lineare Thunb (
Sedum lineare) and elegant jessamine (
Pueraria lobata), cheat at the stringy stonecrop 2-4 strain of transplanting the 4-5 centimeter length and the stolon (joint contains adventive root) of 1-2 elegant jessamine in each plantation, the stringy stonecrop root covers paddy soils 1-2cm, and the stolon of elegant jessamine (containing adventive root on the joint) covers paddy soils 3-4cm, waters after kind is good.
(6) behind the Plant litterfall, allow these Litters naturally rot, to keep the more moisture of mine tailing milpa and organic matter.
As preferably, in the step (1) with the animal wastes after the bamboo fibre behind the biological enzyme degumming, the fermentation and the best in quality proportioning of vegetable garden soil be: with 70 parts of 20 parts of animal wastes after 7 parts of the bamboo fibres behind the biological enzyme degumming, the fermentation and vegetable garden soils.
As preferably, in the step (2), in the MS liquid nutrient medium that configures, by volume add 25g sucrose and 2.8g plant gel in every liter.
As preferably, in the step (3), prepare 5.5 parts of mixed fertilizer A, 0.7 part of mixed fertilizer B, 6.0 parts mine tailings by mass fraction.
Principle of the present invention:
It is low etc. and produce that the present invention is based on poor water retention property, organic matter and the nutritive element content of mine tailings.Bamboo fibre water imbibition and water binding capacity among the mixed fertilizer A are strong, can slowly discharge the water that it is held, and animal wastes etc. contain abundant organic, so mixed fertilizer A has the high-moisture-retention effect and organic matter etc. is provided; The MS medium of mixed fertilizer B in being provides nutritive element for what plant and growth of microorganism needed, and plant gel has the function of water conservation, and sucrose provides carbon source for microbial growth; Contain a small amount of indigenous microorganism in the mine tailings of drought-enduring nutrient matrix.
Stringy stonecrop has the characteristics such as strong adaptability, drought-enduring, Salt And Alkali Tolerance, impoverishment tolerant, can normal growth at the edge of slag laydown area, and be the pionner of arid area growth.
Elegant jessamine is a kind of herbaceous species leguminous plant, and the function of fixed nitrogen is arranged, and the characteristics such as drought-enduring, impoverishment tolerant are at the edge of slag laydown area normal growth.
Indigenous microorganism adapts to local weather conditions, can Fast Growth and breeding in water-preserving nutritive matrix.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The bamboo fibre and the plant gel that add all derive from plant, can be degraded by microorganisms within a certain period of time, do not have environmental pollution.
Stringy stonecrop and elegant jessamine drought resistance are strong, by processing of the present invention, can be at little precipitation these plants, and normal growth in the mine tailings a little less than the retention ability, these plant growths are fast simultaneously, form closeer vegetation within a short period of time; The present invention has promoted the indigenous microorganism in the mine tailings to be changed and amount reproduction to growth conditions by resting state, be conducive to the circulation of mine tailing nutrient, increase the fertility of mine tailing, promoted plant growth, root system of plant also provides the place for microbial growth simultaneously, by the present invention, formed the ecological space of plant and microorganism existence in the slag cultivation area, along with the expansion of plant and microorganism with spread, can make whole slag laydown area form the ecological space of plant and microorganism existence, thereby form vegetation at whole Tailings Dam.
Stringy stonecrop perennial plant draft, water content is high, the stem sprawl growth, each energy-conservation adventive root and branch of growing that land, these root branches throw oneself on the ground to spread, and can develop into huge strain clump.Elegant jessamine is leguminous plant, can increase nitrogen content in the slag by its biological nitrogen fixation, and its underground stem tuber is flourishing, is moisture and the nutrition that can rely on stem tuber during arid, thereby has guaranteed that it can be in arid Tailings Dam existence and breeding.Elegant jessamine all is perennial plant, modes of reproduction is various, can seminal propagation can nourish and generate again, can obtain at short notice a large amount of plant, its piece root and stolon on the ground can carry out vegetative propagation, tillering ability is strong, and stolon links to each other with the Water Transportation system of stolon on the ground simultaneously, can also rely on the basal metabolism of the moisture support acrial part in the piece root during arid.Behind these plants artificial cultivations first time, do not need again to sow.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The water holding capacity test of matrix:
(1) preparation mixed fertilizer A: formulated with animal wastes and vegetable garden soil after the bamboo fibre behind the biological enzyme degumming, the fermentation, the weight proportion of each component is: with the bamboo fibre 10kg behind the biological enzyme degumming, animal wastes 25kg and vegetable garden soil 60 kg are for subsequent use behind the mixing after the fermentation;
(2) preparation mixed fertilizer B: mixed fertilizer B is improvement MS(Murashige and Skoog) solid culture medium, compound method is: the method preparation routinely of MS liquid nutrient medium, in the MS liquid nutrient medium that configures, by volume add 20 g sucrose and 3 g plant gels in every liter, 80 ℃ were heated 20 minutes, after the cooling, be cut into the square that length is 0.5 centimetre of size, for subsequent use.
(3) preparation of drought-enduring nutrient matrix: prepare by mass fraction, 5.0 kg mixed fertilizer A, 0.5 kg mixed fertilizer B, the mine tailings (taking from not growing plant Pb-Zn tailings storehouse, Hunan) that 8.0 kg are air-dry, and mix, for subsequent use;
(4) take take from the Hunan not the air-dry Pb-Zn tailings slag of growing plant as contrast, get the drought-enduring nutrient matrix of 10kg and Pb-Zn tailings slag, be respectively charged in the plastic bucket, every barrel add water 1.0kg after, weigh in the rear holding chamber, 3 repetitions are set, again each bucket are weighed after 30 days, count the loss amount of moisture with the weight that reduces.The result shows that the weight average that loses for contrast is 0.95kg, and the weight average of drought-enduring nutrient matrix loss is 0.23 kg.This test explanation, compared with the control, the water retention capacity of drought-enduring water-preserving nutritive matrix has very strong water retention property more than 4 times.
Embodiment 2
Vegetable material: stringy stonecrop (
Sedum lineare) and elegant jessamine (
Pueraria lobata).
Other material: mixed fertilizer A, mixed fertilizer B and mine tailings (taking from the not Pb-Zn tailings storehouse, Hunan of long vegetation).
(1) preparation mixed fertilizer A: formulated with animal wastes and vegetable garden soil after the bamboo fibre behind the biological enzyme degumming, the fermentation, the weight proportion of each component is: prepare with animal wastes 200kg and vegetable garden soil 700kg after the bamboo fibre 70kg behind the biological enzyme degumming, the fermentation, mixing is for subsequent use;
(2) preparation mixed fertilizer B: mixed fertilizer B is modified MS medium, compound method is: the method preparation routinely of MS liquid nutrient medium, in the MS liquid nutrient medium that configures, by volume add 25.0 g sucrose and 2.8 g plant gels in every liter, 85 ℃ were heated 15 minutes, after the cooling, be cut into the square that length is 1 centimetre of size, for subsequent use.
(3) preparation of drought resisting nutrient matrix: prepare by mass fraction, 600kg part mixed fertilizer A, 100kg part mixed fertilizer B, the mine tailings of 700kg, and mix;
(4) the 3-4 month, on the smooth sample ground, Pb-Zn tailings slag contaminated area, Hunan of not long vegetation, make the plantation hole, plantation hole long 10cm, wide 10cm, dark 20cm.Pile drought-enduring nutrient matrix in each plantation hole; Cultivating sedum lineare Thunb and elegant jessamine in the plantation hole, cheat at stringy stonecrop 3 strains of transplanting 5 centimeter length and the stolon (joint contains adventive root) of 2 elegant jessamine in each plantation, the stringy stonecrop root covers paddy soils 2cm, and the stolon of elegant jessamine covers paddy soils 4cm, waters after kind is good.
(5) enter the winter after, Plant litterfall allows these Litters naturally rot in the slag district.
(6) the Second Year 4-5 month, add up the seedling number of breeding in each plantation hole; The edaphon counting adopts dilution-plate method to measure bacterium, fungi, actinomycetic microorganism in the soil, take untreated slag as contrast.
Found that, elegant jessamine seedling average out to 25 strains of each plantation hole breeding, seedling average out to 29 strains that the stolon of stringy stonecrop can grow, elegant jessamine and stringy stonecrop can be at mine tailing district Fast-propagations, bacterium, fungi, the equal contrast of actinomycetic quantity significantly improve in the mine tailings, and bacterium, fungi, actinomycetes compared with the control quantity have increased respectively 32,15,17 times.This example shows, utilizes method of the present invention, can make to promote plant and microorganism at mine tailing district Growth and reproduction.
Embodiment 3
Vegetable material: stringy stonecrop and elegant jessamine.
Other material: mixed fertilizer A, mixed fertilizer B and mine tailings (taking from the not Hunan manganese Tailings Dam of long vegetation).
(1) preparation mixed fertilizer A: formulated with animal wastes and vegetable garden soil after the bamboo fibre behind the biological enzyme degumming, the fermentation, the weight proportion of each component is: with animal wastes 150kg and vegetable garden soil 650kg after the bamboo fibre 50kg behind the biological enzyme degumming, the fermentation;
(2) preparation mixed fertilizer B: mixed fertilizer B is improvement MS solid culture medium, compound method is: the method preparation routinely of MS liquid nutrient medium, in the MS liquid nutrient medium that configures, by volume add 30 g sucrose and 2.5 g plant gels in every liter, 90 ℃ were heated 10-20 minute, after the cooling, be cut into the square that length is 0.5 centimetre of size, for subsequent use.
(3) preparation of drought resisting nutrient matrix: prepare by mass fraction: 550kg part mixed fertilizer A, 70kg part mixed fertilizer B, the mine tailings of 600kg part, and mix;
(4) the 3-4 month, the plantation hole is not made on the smooth sample ground, manganese mine tailing district, Hunan of long vegetation, plantation hole long 20cm, wide 20cm, dark 15cm.Pile into water-preserving nutritive matrix in each plantation hole.Cultivating sedum lineare Thunb and elegant jessamine in the plantation hole, cheat at stringy stonecrop 4 strains of transplanting 4 centimeter length and the stolon (joint contains adventive root) of 1 elegant jessamine in each plantation, the stringy stonecrop root covers paddy soils 1-2cm, and the stolon of elegant jessamine covers paddy soils 3-4cm, waters after kind is good.
(5) enter the winter after, Plant litterfall allows these Litters naturally rot in the slag district.
6) the Second Year 4-5 month, add up the seedling number that produces in each plantation hole; The edaphon counting adopts dilution-plate method to measure bacterium, fungi, actinomycetic microorganism in the soil, take untreated slag as contrast.
Found that, elegant jessamine seedling average out to 17 strains of each plantation hole breeding, seedling average out to 35 strains that the stringy stonecrop stolon grows, elegant jessamine and stringy stonecrop can be at the growth of slag district and Fast-propagations, and bacterium, fungi, actinomycetes compared with the control quantity have increased respectively 28,16,14 times.This example shows, method of the present invention can make to promote plant and microorganism at mine tailing district Growth and reproduction.
It below only is preferred embodiments of the present invention, according to design of the present invention, those skilled in the art can utilize this method to promote saline and alkaline plant and the microbial growth of other metal tailings and arid area that retention ability is weak, reach biological prosthetic purpose, similarly conversion and modification all belong to essence of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. one kind promotes plant and microorganism in the method for mine tailing district Growth and reproduction, it is characterized in that utilizing drought-enduring nutrient matrix maintenance moisture and nutrition is provided, and step is as follows:
(1) preparation mixed fertilizer A: formulated with animal wastes and vegetable garden soil after the bamboo fibre behind the biological enzyme degumming, the fermentation, the quality proportioning of each component is: with animal wastes 15-25 part and the vegetable garden soil 60-70 part after the bamboo fibre 5-10 part behind the biological enzyme degumming, the fermentation;
(2) preparation mixed fertilizer B: mixed fertilizer B is a kind of MS(Murashige and Skoog of improvement) solid culture medium, compound method is the method preparation routinely of MS liquid nutrient medium, in the MS liquid nutrient medium that configures, by volume add 20-30g sucrose and 2.5-3.0g plant gel in every liter, 80-90 ℃ was heated 10-20 minute, after the cooling, be cut into the square that length is 0.5-1 centimetre of size;
(3) preparation of drought-enduring nutrient matrix: prepare by mass fraction, 5.0-6.0 part mixed fertilizer A, 0.5-1.0 part mixed fertilizer B, the mine tailings of 6.0-8.0 part, and mix;
(4) on smooth sample ground, the mine tailings district of arid, make the plantation hole, plantation hole long 10-20cm, wide 10-20cm, dark 15-20cm; Pile into drought-enduring nutrient matrix in each plantation hole;
(5) in plantation hole cultivating sedum lineare Thunb (
Sedum lineare) and elegant jessamine (
Pueraria lobata), plant the hole at the stringy stonecrop 2-4 strain of transplanting the 4-5 centimeter length and the stolon (joint contains adventive root) of 1-2 elegant jessamine at each, the stringy stonecrop root covers paddy soils 1-2cm, and the stolon of elegant jessamine covers paddy soils 3-4cm, waters after kind is good;
(6) behind the Plant litterfall, allow these Litters naturally rot, to keep the more moisture of mine tailing milpa and organic matter.
2. promotion plant according to claim 1 and microorganism are in the method for mine tailing district Growth and reproduction, it is characterized in that, in the step (1) with the animal wastes after the bamboo fibre behind the biological enzyme degumming, the fermentation and the best in quality proportioning of vegetable garden soil be: with 20 parts of animal wastes and 70 parts of the vegetable garden soils after 7 parts of the bamboo fibres behind the biological enzyme degumming, the fermentation.
3. promotion plant according to claim 1 and microorganism is characterized in that in the method for mine tailing district Growth and reproduction, in the step (2), by volume add 25g sucrose and 2.8g plant gel in every liter in the MS liquid nutrient medium that configures.
4. promotion plant according to claim 1 and microorganism is characterized in that in the method for mine tailing district Growth and reproduction, in the step (3), prepare 5.5 parts of mixed fertilizer A, 0.7 part of mixed fertilizer B, 6.0 parts mine tailings by mass fraction.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103960022A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-08-06 | 徐世云 | Limestone mine muck area vegetation restoration method |
| CN106688690A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-05-24 | 杭州市园林绿化股份有限公司 | Ecotype growing medium of plants |
| CN108207538A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-06-29 | 合肥百绿盛农业科技有限公司 | A kind of ginkgo method for transplanting for improving survival rate |
| CN110372439A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-10-25 | 乐山师范学院 | A kind of soil nutrient growth-promoting agent and its application and application method |
| CN111248077A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-06-09 | 中山大学 | Ecological blanket for repairing metal tailing pond and construction method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101767103A (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2010-07-07 | 武汉立体绿化有限公司 | Method for purifying surface of tailings reservoir and ecologically restoring linear stonecrop herb |
| CN102037845A (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2011-05-04 | 湖南科技大学 | Method for settling plants on manganese tailings |
-
2012
- 2012-09-26 CN CN201210362608XA patent/CN102907224A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101767103A (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2010-07-07 | 武汉立体绿化有限公司 | Method for purifying surface of tailings reservoir and ecologically restoring linear stonecrop herb |
| CN102037845A (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2011-05-04 | 湖南科技大学 | Method for settling plants on manganese tailings |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103960022A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-08-06 | 徐世云 | Limestone mine muck area vegetation restoration method |
| CN106688690A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-05-24 | 杭州市园林绿化股份有限公司 | Ecotype growing medium of plants |
| CN108207538A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-06-29 | 合肥百绿盛农业科技有限公司 | A kind of ginkgo method for transplanting for improving survival rate |
| CN110372439A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-10-25 | 乐山师范学院 | A kind of soil nutrient growth-promoting agent and its application and application method |
| CN111248077A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-06-09 | 中山大学 | Ecological blanket for repairing metal tailing pond and construction method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20130206 |