CN102037845B - Method for settling plants on manganese tailings - Google Patents
Method for settling plants on manganese tailings Download PDFInfo
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- CN102037845B CN102037845B CN2010105262093A CN201010526209A CN102037845B CN 102037845 B CN102037845 B CN 102037845B CN 2010105262093 A CN2010105262093 A CN 2010105262093A CN 201010526209 A CN201010526209 A CN 201010526209A CN 102037845 B CN102037845 B CN 102037845B
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- plant
- manganese
- mixed fertilizer
- leaf mustard
- tailings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for settling plants on manganese tailings to fulfill the aim of plant remediation and improvement of soil polluted by manganese tailings. A mixed fertilizer A and a mixed fertilizer B are applied to plant growing pits dug in a manganese tailings area according to a mass ratio of (40-50):(1-3), and leaf mustard and poison ivy or leaf mustard and macleaya cordata are matched and planted in the plant growing pits. By the method, the plants can be settled on the manganese tailings in a short time, dense vegetation is formed, the pH value of the manganese tailings land is obviously reduced, and the content of organic matters and nitrogen is increased. The method has the advantages that the operation is simple, the cost is low, the efficiency for preventing manganese and other harmful metals in the manganese tailings from migrating and diffusing, the environment can be beautified and the like. The method can be applied to aspects such as reestablishment of vegetation in degraded eco-systems of mines, greening of saline-alkali areas and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method that a plant species is settled down on the manganese mine tailings, thereby reach the purpose of phytoremediation improvement manganese tail SLAG pollution.
Background technology
Factors such as content of beary metal is high, nutrition is poor, acid-base value is suitable and retention ability is weak cause the manganese mine tailings to store up the region vegetation to lack, severe water and soil erosion, and heavy metal spreads with rainwater and airborne dust.The manganese mine tailings have become a kind of manganese ore area important pollution sources.Through screening and the suitable plant of cultivation, adopt simultaneously and make ancillary method, can in mine tailings are stored up district's short time, plant be settled down, thus revegetation.Some plant can absorb fixedly heavy metal at its root, and the plant that has can combine with heavy metal through the decomposer of its root exudates and The litter thereof to form insoluble compound, controls heavy-metal movement and moves diffusion thereby hinder.The soil erosion of vegetation controlled and the water and soil loss of rebuilding increase soil nutrient, the function of recovering degraded ecosystem with beautify the environment.At large tracts of land mine tailings Polluted area revegetation, possess skills reliable, easy and simple to handle, cost is low, control multiple advantages such as pollutant is effective and environmentally friendly.
When the mine tailings laydown area carried out revegetation, it is strong and a little less than the turn-over capacity, growth is fast that the plant of selection should have the little or root absorbing capacity of absorption of contaminants ability, well developed root system, and drought resistance is strong and to characteristics such as the heavy metal tolerance are strong; Select the plant of anti-soil depletion,, increase the nutrition of soil through settling down of plant.At present; Do not have vegetation on the slag laydown area in the mine tailing storehouse of a lot of manganese ores, we find that through experimental study the acid-base value of the slag in the mine tailing storehouse is the critical limitation factor that plant survives in the above; Because the alkalescence of slag and organic shortage; Therefore caused plant on the mine tailing storehouse, not grow, when revegetation, adopt and strengthen regulation measure and can promote plant on mine tailing, to settle down and grow.
Based on our result of study; When phytoremediation manganese mine tailing storehouse; According to slag composition, nutrient content and acid-base value; The present invention chooses environment amenable plant indispensable element and cooperates processing, and the promotion plant is settled down the increase with biomass on mine tailings, thereby for fast and effeciently manganese tailings pollution ground being carried out biological restoration a kind of new method is provided.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the method that a plant species is settled down on the manganese mine tailings, this method has the advantage that cost is low, easy and simple to handle, environmentally friendly and can be widely used in mine pollution control.
The method that one plant species is settled down on the manganese mine tailings, step is following:
(1) preparation mixed fertilizer A adopts colza cake, animal wastes and paddy soils formulated, and the weight proportion of each component is: colza cake 10-15 part, animal wastes 20-30 part and paddy soils 55-70 part;
(2) preparation mixed fertilizer B adopts coated with resin, urea, KH
2PO
4, (NH
4)
2SO
4, Ca (H
2PO
4)
2And CaSO
4Formulated, the weight proportion of each component is: coated with resin 5-10 part, urea 5-10 part, KH
2PO
410-15 part, (NH
4)
2SO
415-20 part, Ca (H
2PO
4)
215-20 part and CaSO
435-40 part;
(3) the plantation hole is made on the smooth appearance ground in manganese mine tailings contaminated area, the long 30-50cm in plantation hole, wide 30-40cm, dark 10-l5cm;
(4) put into 4.0-5.0kg mixed fertilizer A in each plantation hole, 0.1-0.3kg mixed fertilizer B, and mix;
(5) in plantation hole, cultivate leaf mustard (
Brassica juncea) and elegant jessamine (
Pueraria lobata), perhaps cultivate leaf mustard and macleaya cordata (
Macleaya cordata): during the plantation leaf mustard, in each plantation hole, broadcast 5-10 leaf mustard seed, seed is broadcast on the mixed fertilizer of mixing, and overburden soil 1.5-2.5cm waters after kind is good; Elegant jessamine is with the ground stolon or the seminal propagation that contain adventive root on underground root, the joint; Macleaya cordata is with seed or the breeding of underground stem tuber;
(6) after plant withers and falls, let these plant The litter rot naturally or collect the acrial part of these vegetable materials and cover the base portion of plant, to keep more moisture of milpa and organic matter.
Principle of the present invention is: acid-base value, organic matter and effective nutritive element content that the present invention is based on the manganese mine tailings are that the basis produces.Organic matter etc. is enriched in the effect of mixed fertilizer A; Can improve moisture capacity, mixed fertilizer B can be used for the alkalescence of partially-neutralized manganese mine tailings, but mixed fertilizer B is a kind of fertilizer of controlled release simultaneously; But the long period provides the nutritive element of plant needs, improves the utilization ratio of some indispensable elements.
Elegant jessamine is a kind of herbaceous species leguminous plant, and root is distributed in the dark soil of 0-80cm, can tolerate the weak base environment, and drought-enduring impoverishment tolerant can normal growth at the edge of manganese mine tailings laydown area.
Macleaya cordata, high 1-4m.Rhizome is thick, well developed root system, and drought-enduring impoverishment tolerant can be at the edge normal growth of manganese mine tailings laydown area.
Leaf mustard, annual or biennial herb, growth is rapidly; The master root is distributed in about 30 centimetres soil layer; Under alkaline environment, can grow, drought-enduring impoverishment tolerant has very strong adaptability to various poor environments; Be one of main candidate plant that is used in the world phytoremediation, can be at the edge normal growth of manganese mine tailings laydown area.
The alkalescence of elegant jessamine, macleaya cordata and leaf mustard cultivation of plants meeting sweetening of the soil; And the important limiting factor that the alkalescence of mine tailing accumulation area slag is plant can not settle down; Cultivate these plants and help reducing the pH of milpa; Here settle down thereby help other plant, also can promote the activation of P in the soil simultaneously, help plant growing.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Alkali tolerance and the drought resistance of elegant jessamine, macleaya cordata and leaf mustard are strong, and through processing of the present invention, growth is normal in the alkaline mine tailings a little less than retention ability; These plant growings are fast, and form closeer vegetation within a short period of time, and the underground stem tuber of macleaya cordata and elegant jessamine is flourishing, can form thick close root-like stock layer, and fixing soil reduces water and soil loss.
Used three plant species roots can both enrichment manganese etc. element, mixed planting can strengthen the fixedly efficient of element such as manganese, prevents that it from moving to move.
Elegant jessamine is a leguminous plant, can increase the contaminated soil nitrogen content through its biological nitrogen fixation.
Leaf mustard can breed with seed, and reproduction coefficient is big, and root system can be secreted organic acid, can improve the soil tilth of milpa.
Macleaya cordata and elegant jessamine all are perennial plants, and modes of reproduction is various, can seminal propagation can nourish and generate again, can obtain a large amount of plant at short notice, and its underground stem tuber can carry out vegetative propagation, and tillering ability is strong.These plants do not need to sow once more behind first time artificial cultivation.
It is acid that controlled release fertilizer is, and can weaken the alkalescence of alkaline mine tailings, and supply fertile longer duration.Leguminous plant and leaf mustard be to the acidification effect of soil, can increase the water-soluble of mineral nutrition in the alkaline mine tailings, helps the plant absorbing nutritive element.
4-5 month is gathered in the acrial part of leaf mustard, and the plant of harvesting is covered the plant base portion, and the cover plant material can reduce summer soil moisture and scatter and disappear, and strengthens drought resistance, improves soil organic matter content.
The method that a plant species provided by the invention is settled down on the manganese mine tailings, have simple to operate, expense is low, the good and advantage such as beautify the environment of the diffuser efficiency of poisonous metal in the resistance control manganese tailings.Present technique can be used for aspects such as mine degraded ecosystem revegetation and saline land greening.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Vegetable material: leaf mustard (
Brassica juncea), macleaya cordata (
Macleaya cordata).
Other material: but the mixed fertilizer B of mixed fertilizer A controlled release and manganese mine tailings (from the little waterside mud mine tailing storehouse of the Xiangtan Manganese Mine that growing plant is not arranged).
Preparation mixed fertilizer A: adopt colza cake 10kg, animal wastes 30kg and paddy soils 70kg to prepare, subsequent use;
Preparation mixed fertilizer B: adopt coated with resin 5kg, urea 10kg, KH
2PO
415kg, (NH
4)
2SO
420kg, Ca (H
2PO
4)
220kg and CaSO
440kg prepares, and is subsequent use;
(1) manganese mine tailings natural air drying ground the 0.5mm aperture sieve, got pure manganese mine tailings, and was subsequent use.Pure manganese mine tailings, mixed fertilizer A and mixed fertilizer B are mixed by mass ratio 30:15:1, must improve the manganese mine tailings.To improve manganese mine tailings 5 kg and pure manganese mine tailings 5 kg are respectively charged in two flowerpots, install the every basin in the back 400ml that waters, be placed with watertight plate below the flowerpot, place natural environment, as contrast.
2) broadcast the seed of leaf mustard in two flowerpots mid-September, after planting water 2 times.Statistics leaf mustard seed germination rate after 7 days is lower than improvement manganese mine tailings though find pure manganese mine tailings germination rate, and the two does not have significant difference.
3) add up the survival rate of leaf mustard seedling October, find that the average survival of improvement manganese mine tailings is 95.0%, and pure manganese mine tailings do not have plant to become to live.
4) 1 year 4-5 month obtains seedling with the macleaya cordata seed sprouting and cultivates respectively in two flowerpots, the acrial part of leaf mustard in the results flowerpot, and with its cover plant base portion.Add up survival rate after 1 month, found that macleaya cordata seedling average survival in improvement manganese mine tailings is 89.8%, and pure manganese mine tailings do not have plant to become to live.Measure soil pH value, organic content is seen table 1, organic obvious the increasing in the improvement manganese mine tailings, and the pH value descends, and is more conducive to the existence of plant.Macleaya cordata on the improvement manganese mine tailings grows fine, and can produce a large amount of seeds.
Organic matter in table 1 soil and pH value
| ? | Organic (g/kg) | pH |
| Contrast | 1.44±0.06a | 8.22±0.33a |
| Improvement manganese mine tailings | 5.68±0.18b | 6.95±0.42b |
Annotate: the significant difference between handling in the same row of different letter representations and contrasting (p 0.05)
5) add up the seedling number that relies on underground stem tuber breeding in the flowerpot on the 3rd year the 4-5 month, found that,, all can utilize underground stem tuber to breed seedling as long as the flowerpot of macleaya cordata growth was arranged last one year.
This instance shows, utilizes method of the present invention, and plant can be settled down on the manganese mine tailings and grow, and can natural propagation.
Embodiment 2
Vegetable material: leaf mustard (
Brassica juncea), elegant jessamine (
Pueraria lobata).
Other material: mixed fertilizer A, mixed fertilizer B
Preparation mixed fertilizer A: adopt colza cake 150kg, animal wastes 200kg and paddy soils 550kg to prepare, subsequent use.
Preparation mixed fertilizer B: adopt coated with resin 100 kg, urea 50 kg, KH
2PO
4100 kg, (NH
4)
2SO
4150 kg, Ca (H
2PO
4)
2150 kg and CaSO
4350 kg prepare, and are subsequent use.
1) August, the plantation hole is made on smooth appearance ground in alkaline manganese mine tailings district, and the specification in plantation hole is: long 30-50cm, wide 30-40cm, dark 10-l5cm;
2) remove application of mixed fertilizers in each plantation hole and expect that the quality of A is 4.0-5.0kg, the quality of mixed fertilizer B is 0.1-0.3kg, and the two mixing.
3) broadcast 5-10 leaf mustard seed in each plantation hole September, seed is broadcast on the mixed fertilizer that mixes, and overburden soil 1.5-2.5cm waters 2 times.
4) 1 year 3-4 month, the ground stolon (containing adventive root on the joint) of elegant jessamine is cultivated in the leaf mustard next door, during plantation, earlier the elegant jessamine stolon is cut into the 10-30cm segment, every section has 1 joint at least.The about 4-6cm of overburden soil waters after the cultivation 2 times then.
5) the 4-5 month, harvesting leaf mustard acrial part is collected these materials and is covered plant root, the enhancement of plant drought resistance.
6) December, the organs such as blade that let elegant jessamine wither and fall rot in the slag district naturally.
7) the 3rd year 4-5 month, add up the seedling number of stem tuber breeding in each plantation hole and the seedling number that stolon produces, found that, seedling average out to 22 strains of each plantation hole breeding, the elegant jessamine plant can settle down in manganese mine tailings district and can breed fast.
Embodiment 3
Vegetable material: leaf mustard (
Brassica juncea), macleaya cordata (
Macleaya cordata).
Other material: mixed fertilizer A, mixed fertilizer B
Preparation mixed fertilizer A: adopt colza cake 120kg, animal wastes 250kg and paddy soils 650kg to prepare, subsequent use.
Preparation mixed fertilizer B: adopt coated with resin 80 kg, urea 70 kg, KH
2PO
4130 kg, (NH
4)
2SO
4180 kg, Ca (H
2PO
4)
2180 kg and CaSO
4370 kg prepare, and are subsequent use.
1) August, the plantation hole is made on smooth appearance ground in alkaline manganese mine tailings district, and the specification in plantation hole is: long 30-50cm, wide 30-40cm, dark 10-l5cm;
2) remove application of mixed fertilizers in each plantation hole and expect that the quality of A is 4.0-5.0kg, the quality of mixed fertilizer B is 0.1-0.3kg, and the two mixing.
3) September, sowing leaf mustard seed in each plantation hole, seed is broadcast above the mixed fertilizer behind mixing, and the about 1.5-2.5cm of overburden soil waters 2 times.
4) 1 year 3-5 month, the macleaya cordata seedling is cultivated in the leaf mustard next door, water after the cultivation 2 times.
5) May, harvesting leaf mustard acrial part is collected these materials and is covered plant root, the enhancement of plant drought resistance.
6) December, the organs such as blade that let macleaya cordata wither and fall rot in the slag district naturally, let seed drop on the slag district naturally.
7) the 3rd year 4-5 month, add up the seedling number of stem tuber and seminal propagation in each ditch, the result finds that seedling of each average breeding in plantation hole is 43 strains, the macleaya cordata plant can be settled down in manganese mine tailings district and can be raised up seed fast.
Claims (1)
1. the plant species method of on the manganese mine tailings, settling down is characterized in that step is following:
(1) preparation mixed fertilizer A adopts colza cake, animal wastes and paddy soils formulated, and the weight proportion of each component is: colza cake 10-15 part, animal wastes 20-30 part and paddy soils 55-70 part;
(2) preparation mixed fertilizer B adopts coated with resin, urea, KH
2PO
4, (NH
4)
2SO
4, Ca (H
2PO
4)
2And CaSO
4Formulated, the weight proportion of each component is: coated with resin 5-10 part, urea 5-10 part, KH
2PO
410-15 part, (NH
4)
2SO
415-20 part, Ca (H
2PO
4)
215-20 part and CaSO
435-40 part;
(3) the plantation hole is made on the smooth appearance ground in manganese mine tailings contaminated area, the long 30-50cm in plantation hole, wide 30-40cm, dark 10-l5cm;
(4) put into 4.0-5.0kg mixed fertilizer A in each plantation hole, 0.1-0.3kg mixed fertilizer B, and mix;
(5) in plantation hole earlier the cultivation leaf mustard (
Brassica juncea), next year cultivation elegant jessamine (
Pueraria lobata), perhaps cultivate leaf mustard earlier, next year cultivation macleaya cordata (
Macleaya cordata): during the plantation leaf mustard, in each plantation hole, broadcast 5-10 leaf mustard seed, seed is broadcast on the mixed fertilizer of mixing, and overburden soil 1.5-2.5cm waters after kind is good; Elegant jessamine is with the ground stolon or the seminal propagation that contain adventive root on underground root, the joint; Macleaya cordata is with seed or the breeding of underground stem tuber;
(6) after plant withers and falls, let these plant The litter rot naturally or collect the acrial part of these vegetable materials and cover the base portion of plant, to keep more moisture of milpa and organic matter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105262093A CN102037845B (en) | 2010-11-01 | 2010-11-01 | Method for settling plants on manganese tailings |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105262093A CN102037845B (en) | 2010-11-01 | 2010-11-01 | Method for settling plants on manganese tailings |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102037845A CN102037845A (en) | 2011-05-04 |
| CN102037845B true CN102037845B (en) | 2012-04-11 |
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| CN2010105262093A Expired - Fee Related CN102037845B (en) | 2010-11-01 | 2010-11-01 | Method for settling plants on manganese tailings |
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102388743B (en) * | 2011-08-27 | 2012-12-12 | 湖南科技大学 | Method for promoting growth of plants on manganese tailing residues |
| CN102907224A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-02-06 | 中南大学 | Method for promoting growth and propagation of plants and microorganisms in mine tailing area |
| CN102986423A (en) * | 2012-11-25 | 2013-03-27 | 溧阳市天目湖保健品有限公司 | Method for planting paspalum distichum on lead zinc ore tailing |
| CN104365366B (en) * | 2014-12-07 | 2017-04-19 | 湖南科技大学 | Method for promoting growth of massin in manganese ore tailings accumulation area |
| CN104472188B (en) * | 2014-12-13 | 2016-09-14 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of method reducing the Herba sedi kamtschatici absorption and accumulation heavy metal grown on manganese ore contaminated soil |
| CN105165332A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-23 | 贵州开磷集团股份有限公司 | Method for culturing honeysuckle seedlings in saline-alkali soil |
| CN105075627A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-11-25 | 贵州开磷集团股份有限公司 | Method for planting roxburgh roses and interplanting ficus tikoua bur in saline and alkali land |
| CN105028106A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-11-11 | 贵州开磷集团股份有限公司 | Method for planting malus asiatica on saline-alkali soil |
| CN105028107A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-11-11 | 贵州开磷集团股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating pomegranate seedlings in saline-alkali soil |
| CN105103902A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-02 | 贵州开磷集团股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating platycodon grandiflorum in saline-alkali land by means of greenhouse |
| CN109809949A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-05-28 | 贵州净界科技有限公司 | Fertilizer for repairing manganese-polluted soil and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL109654A (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1999-08-17 | Phytotech Inc | Phytoremediation of metals |
| CN101502843B (en) * | 2009-02-23 | 2010-10-06 | 湖南科技大学 | Method for repairing and improving soil polluted by uranium mine tailings |
| CN101642768B (en) * | 2009-09-01 | 2011-01-12 | 南华大学 | Method for restoring uranium milltailings by utilizing plants |
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