CN105028107A - Method for cultivating pomegranate seedlings in saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Method for cultivating pomegranate seedlings in saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating pomegranate seedlings in saline-alkali soil. The method comprises three steps for improving the saline-alkali soil, namely 1, phosphorus gypsum powder is applied to the saline-alkali soil for improving the saline-alkali soil; 2, organic fertilizer, mushroom residue and oil cakes are applied to the saline-alkali soil for improving the saline-alkali soil; 3, wild sweet potatoes are planted in the saline-alkali soil for improving the saline-alkali soil. By means of the method, the soil structure of the saline-alkali soil can be improved effectively, the soil pH can be reduced effectively, the saline-alkali soil is made to be suitable for the growth of the pomegranate seedlings, and therefore the pomegranate seedlings can be cultivated on the saline-alkali soil. The method has a remarkable effect especially for improving the moderate saline-alkali soil, the saline-alkali soil can be improved completely, the pomegranate seedlings can be cultivated by utilizing the saline-alkali soil, and the remarkable economic benefit is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the improving technology field in saline land, specifically, relate to the breeding method of pomegranate seedling on a kind of saline land.
Background technology
Saline land be saline land with alkali ground general name.Solonchak mainly refers to chloride or the higher salinization soil of sulphate, and soil is in alkalescence, but pH value is not necessarily very high.Refer to carbonate containing or heavy phosphatic soil, pH value is higher, and soil is in alkalescence alkali.The content of organic matter in saline land is few, and soil fertility is low, and physicochemical character is poor, and the anions and canons harmful to crop is many, and crop is short seedling not easily.The area in saline land, the whole world is 9.5438 hundred million hectares, and wherein China is 9,913 ten thousand hectares.The formation of China's alkali ground and alkali-affected soil, major part is accumulative relevant with Carbonates In Soil, and thus basicity is general higher, and serious saline land regional plant almost can not be survived.The salinization of soil in soil has been worldwide ecological problem, and the saline Land degree in current global range is obvious ascendant trend, and the salinization of soil in soil has become the important limiting factor of world agriculture sustainable development.For the improvement in saline land, conventional method has: 1, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, and the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching is poured into water in saline land exactly, and soil salt is dissolved, by under being oozed and be discharged in deep soil or drip washing is gone out saline and alkaline for the solubility in topsoil, infiltration drain ditch, side is got rid of; 2, level land, level land under can making uniform moisture and ooze, improve the effect that rainfall is drenched salt and irrigated the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, prevent the salination of soil plaque-like; 3, rake the soil level, the table soil that can loosen of raking the soil level, blocks soil capillary water and carries salinity to earth's surface, play the effect preventing the accumulation of salt in the surface soil in good time; 4, applying organic manure, rational use of chemical fertilizer, fertilizer forms humus through microbial decomposition, conversion, can improve the buffer capacity of soil, and can form sodium humate with sodium carbonate effect, reduces surface soil alkalinity.5, effectively can improve soil with saline land special-purpose soil conditioner " solodization ".
Ardealite is the accessory substance in production process of phosphoric acid, often produce one ton of phosphorus pentoxide by-product, five tons of ardealites, utilization at present for ardealite mainly contains four aspects, 1, phosphoric acid cream is used for backfill pit, fill mine working with ardealite, fill cost and account for 1/5 of mining cost, not only saved filling cost, and improve utilization of three wastes rate, decrease environmental pollution.But, due to factors such as ardealite gelling agent casting resin viscosity is high, sedimentation fast, condensation is fast, many, the easy pluggings of fine grained, difficult cleanings; 2, by the agent of ardealite production Flocculated Cement, the crystal habit of ardealite is identical with the plaster of paris, for prismatic or cylindricality plate crystal, chemical composition and plaster of paris composition basic simlarity, but due to containing solubility phosphorus pentoxide, phosphate, soluble fluoride, insoluble phosphorus pentoxide and organic impurities etc., the hydration time of cement can be extended, reduce early strength and extend setting time, therefore ardealite directly can not be used as the set retarder of cement; 3, by ardealite sulphur ammonium and calcium carbonate, the method utilizes ammonia and carbonic acid gas that ardealite is changed into sulphur ammonium and calcium carbonate, and the quality requirement of the method to ardealite is higher, and production procedure is long, and investment is large; 4, ardealite is used for improve basic soil, containing phosphorus pentoxide in ardealite, cause ardealite aobvious acid, its pH value is 1.5 ~ 4.5, can be used to the alkalescence in sweetening of the soil, and the compositions such as the phosphorus contained in ardealite, iron, magnesium, silicon, zinc, sulphur and the calcium nutritive element that to be plant growth necessary.
Ardealite is utilized and improves saline land, after ardealite is manured into soil, can be the solubility calcium that soil provides sufficient, sodium ion in colloidal complex is replaced out, thus the basicity in reduction soil, promote the formation of soil aggregate, prevent soil epidermis from crusting, reduce the pH value of soil, increase the infiltration capacity of soil.At present, adopting and using separately ardealite to improve saline land method is applied after in saline land by ardealite, carry out leaching process immediately, the method can improve the soil structure in saline land to a certain extent, but it is consuming time longer, general needs two triennium ability Planting Crops, and use ardealite process on slight alkaline land after, the germination rate of crops is still lower and later stage growing way is bad.Someone utilizes ardealite to be mixed with into modifying agent with flyash, humus and high nitrogen fertilizer material etc., and the effect obtained is better than using separately ardealite, but high expensive, and effect is still not good enough.Be soil conditioner of producing of raw material and production and preparation method thereof as the application number application for a patent for invention that is 201210522182.X discloses with ardealite, this modifying agent has ardealite, humus, ferrous sulfate, urea and sulfuric acid to be mixed, and it has improves soil structure, adjustment soil pH, characteristic such as activation soil nutrient elements and supplementary Trace Elements in Soil calcium, sulphur, iron and zinc etc. to a certain extent.But this modifying agent cost is relatively high, lower to the adjustment force of soil pH.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of this invention is to provide the breeding method of pomegranate seedling on a kind of saline land, the method adopts three steps to improve saline land, effectively can improve the soil structure in saline land, reduce soil pH, make this saline land be applicable to the growth of pomegranate seedling, thus realize on saline land, cultivate pomegranate seedling.
The present invention realizes above-mentioned technique effect particular by following technical scheme.
A breeding method for pomegranate seedling on saline land, comprises the following steps:
(1) saline land coagulation: first phosphogypsum powder is broken into 100 ~ 200 object fine powders, then the moisture in saline land is regulated to be 40 ~ 50%, then phosphogypsum powder is executed at saline land surface uniform, the amount of application of phosphogypsum powder is 400 ~ 800kg/ mu, then rotary tillage process is carried out, cover film after 14 ~ 30 days, film is taken away and carries out leaching process;
(2) saline land two stage treatment: even organic fertilizer, bacterium chaff and oil cake in the saline land after step (1) process, the amount of application of fertilizer, bacterium chaff and oil cake is respectively 600 ~ 1000kg/ mu, 400 ~ 600kg/ mu and 500 ~ 800kg/ mu, then carries out rotary tillage process;
(3) saline land tertiary treatment: after step (2) process saline land terminates 20 ~ 40 days, regulate the moisture of saline and alkaline ground surface soil to be 30 ~ 50%, then wild country melon seed is sowed in saline land, then carry out rotary tillage process;
(4) wholely, open railway carriage or compartment: after wild country melon grows 1 ~ 2 year in saline land, wild country melon vine and weeds are cut off, then open railway carriage or compartment by wide 1.2 ~ 2m, and make railway carriage or compartment face width be 1.3 ~ 1.9m, the wide 0.4 ~ 0.6m of pavement, face, railway carriage or compartment exceeds pavement 0.2 ~ 0.5m;
(5) cuttage: regulate the moisture in face, railway carriage or compartment to be after 40 ~ 60%, pluck robust growth and without more than 3 years of damage by disease and insect raw peripheral branches of pomegranate tree, be cut into the cutting that length is 9 ~ 15cm, by cutting with after root-inducing powder immersion treatment 30 ~ 50min, by cutting cuttage on face, railway carriage or compartment;
(6) final-period management: after cutting cuttage, the moisture keeping face, railway carriage or compartment soil is 30 ~ 40%, cuttage is after 25 ~ 30 days, start weeding, later stage every other month weeding once, apply fertilizer every other month once, execute mixing fertilizer 30 ~ 50kg/ mu of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and farmyard manure at every turn, cuttage, can by pomegranate seedling replanting after 4 ~ 6 months.
In described step (1), for slight alkaline land, the amount of application of phosphogypsum powder is 400 ~ 600kg/ mu; For moderate saline-alkali soil, the amount of application of phosphogypsum powder is 600 ~ 800kg/ mu.
In described step (2), for slight alkaline land, the amount of application of fertilizer, bacterium chaff and oil cake is respectively 600 ~ 800kg/ mu, 400 ~ 500kg/ mu and 500 ~ 600kg/ mu; For moderate saline-alkali soil, the amount of application of fertilizer, bacterium chaff and oil cake is respectively 800 ~ 1000kg/ mu, 500 ~ 600kg/ mu and 600 ~ 800kg/ mu.
The degree of depth of described rotary tillage is 10 ~ 20cm.
Described wild country melon seed be wild country melon and fruit real naturally ripe rotten after the seed that therefrom takes out, and use the emerge in worm water 8 ~ 12h of 20 ~ 30 DEG C prior to seeding.
In described step (4), apply on railway carriage or compartment face after the wild country melon vine extracted and weeds are pulverized from saline land.
The spacing in the rows of described cutting is 10 ~ 15cm, and line-spacing is 15 ~ 20cm, and the degree of depth of cuttage is 1/3 ~ 2/3 of cutting length.
In described step (6), the weight ratio of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and farmyard manure is (10 ~ 20): (20 ~ 40): (120 ~ 160).
In described step (6), fertilizing method is: by fertile for the mixing of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and farmyard manure with water with (6 ~ 10): after the weight ratio of 120 mixes, the mixed liquor of acquisition is watered in cutting base portion.
In described oil cake containing organic 75 ~ 85%, nitrogen 1.1 ~ 7.0%, phosphorus pentoxide 0.4 ~ 3.0%, potassium oxide 0.9 ~ 2.1%, protein be 1.5 ~ 3.7%, raw fiber 6 ~ 10.7%, calcium 0.8 ~ 11%, choline 0.27 ~ 0.70%, nicotinic acid 0.6 ~ 1.2% and other vitamin substances 1.3 ~ 2.0.
Described ardealite is that the long ardealite produced of phosphorylcholine group Xifeng coarse whiting is opened in Guizhou, the content of its calcium sulphate dihydrate is 50.7 ~ 86.2%, the content of total phosphorus pentoxide is 0.01 ~ 13.3%, the content of solubility phosphorus pentoxide is 0.01 ~ 0.68%, magnesian content is 0.23 ~ 0.53%, the content of fluorine ion is 0.12 ~ 0.48%, and pH value is 2.1 ~ 4.6.
In described bacterium chaff containing crude protein be 9.0 ~ 11.0%, raw fiber 6.0 ~ 7.0%, crude fat 0.1 ~ 0.2%, nitrogen free extract 45 ~ 50%, calcium 3.0 ~ 3.5%, phosphorus 2.0 ~ 3.0%, lysine 1.0 ~ 1.5%, tryptophan 0.5 ~ 0.8%, methionine ten cystine 1. ~ 1.5% and coarse ash 8.0 ~ 10.0%.
Melon wild country, described wild country melon, complete stool has milk, reaches more than 10 rice, crawl ground and give birth to, contact to earth easily raw must shape adventive root, be similar to huge centipede, therefore also known as crawl ground centipede.Because of outer image loquat, claim ground loquat on some areas, Hubei Province and other places.Wild country melon, in fruit maturation period, even if outside melon more than 20 rice of distance wild country, also feels that giving off a strong fragrance assails the nostrils, and strong fragrance can people, therefore it is fragrant to be also called full ground.Wild country melon has cold-resistant, drought-enduring, resistance to shade, impoverishment tolerant, the water-fast characteristic such as wet, even if plant in the sandstone that not even a blade of grass grows or slabstone gap, also can be flourishing, and full of green; No matter be the summer of broiling sun or the winter in the world of ice and snow, the whole year is equally spread.The complete stool of wild country melon is used as medicine, and has treatment chronic bronchitis, rheumatism arthralgia and myalgia, diarrhoea, dysentery, mastitis, oedema, irregular menstruation, puerperal abdominalgia with blood stasis, has blood in stool, nose is bleeding, scrofula, synthetism, traumatic injury, knife wound, mad dog is bitten, carbuncle swells, effect of impetigo and venomous snake bite.Less for utilizing of wild country melon at present, and wild country melon is all grown on field, yet there are no the wild country melon of artificial planting.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1. the present invention is when carrying out coagulation to saline land, by first regulating the moisture in saline land, again by after the table in ardealite and saline land soil Homogeneous phase mixing, overlay film moisturizing a period of time, make sodium bicarbonate free in ardealite and soil, sodium carbonate fully reacts, generate calcium bicarbonate, calcium phosphate and sodium sulphate are to reduce surface soil alkalinity, sodium ion in colloidal complex replaces out by calcium ion, sodium-clay is become calcium-clay, reduce P in soil H value, activate soil nutrient elements activity and supplementary Trace Elements in Soil etc., and promote the formation of soil aggregate, prevent soil epidermis from crusting, increase the infiltration capacity of soil, and then carry out leaching process again, moisture can penetrate in soil smoothly, the harmful ions such as the sodium ion in soil are taken away, the content of sodium ion in soil is made to reduce by more than 50%, greatly reduce the salinization of soil degree in saline land.
2. the present invention is when carrying out two stage treatment to saline land, application of organic fertilizers, bacterium chaff and oil cake in saline land, ardealite residual in these three kinds of materials and saline land occurs to act synergistically widely, effectively can reduce the pH value in saline land and salt content, soil can be improved, increase fertility, help to increase the space that air and water can be allowed to enter, decompose mineral and produce plant necessary nitrogen, sulphur, potassium and phosphorus, in addition, these three kinds of materials itself, containing abundant nutritive element, can increase kind and the content thereof of saline land Middle nutrition element.
3. the present invention is when carrying out tertiary treatment to saline land, the method of plantation wild country melon is adopted to improve saline land, wild country melon has extremely strong cold-resistant, drought-enduring, resistance to shade, impoverishment tolerant, the water-fast characteristic such as wet, and find through research, wild country melon can absorb a large amount of salinities from saline land, stores in body for its physiological activity needs after dilution.After the present invention passes through to adopt ardealite and oil cake etc. to carry out two stage treatment to saline land, wild country melon is planted again with this saline land, riotous growth on wild country melon saline land after treatment can be guaranteed, and the growth of wild country melon, the formation of soil aggregate can be promoted, improve the physicochemical property of soil, organic matter in soil and available nitrogen are increased, reduce the content of salinity in soil, and play the effect of good water conservation and the suppression accumulation of salt in the surface soil, moreover, plantation wild country melon can also obtain wild country melon and fruit reality and wild country melon rhizome, obtains certain economic benefit.
4. the present invention improves saline land by adopting three-step approach, effectively can reduce the salt content in saline land, thus realize this saline land to cultivate pomegranate seedling, obtain distinct economic.
5. primary raw material ardealite of the present invention, oil cake, fertilizer and bacterium chaff etc. are not only cheap, and wide material sources, particularly ardealite and oil cake are used, effectively can solve the stacking of ardealite and oil cake and the Cost Problems brought and problem of environmental pollution.
Test is adopted to verify beneficial effect of the present invention below:
Ardealite used is that the long ardealite produced of phosphorylcholine group Xifeng coarse whiting is opened in Guizhou, the content of its calcium sulphate dihydrate is 67.8%, the content of total phosphorus pentoxide is 6.1%, the content of solubility phosphorus pentoxide is 0.44%, magnesian content is 0.39%, the content of fluorine ion is 0.31%, and pH value is 3.7.In oil cake used containing organic 81%, nitrogen 4.5%, phosphorus pentoxide 2.3%, potassium oxide 1.9%, protein be 2.7%, raw fiber 6.8%, calcium 3.1%, choline 0.39%, nicotinic acid 0.9% and other vitamin substances 1.6.With the saline land on Bing Jie farm, Haixing County for experimental field, it is 0.38%. that its 0 ~ 20cm shows native total salt content
Test one
Divided into groups this experimental field, the area often organizing experimental field is 300m
2, processing method is as follows:
The different leaching time of table 1 is on the impact of experimental field
As can be seen from the table, leaching again after aluminum coated steel a period of time, not only in the pH value reducing soil to a greater extent, and can significantly can reduce the total salt content of soil.Test shows: after using ardealite, overlay film carries out leaching in 14 days again, the decline of soil pH value and total salt content is the most obvious, and along with the increase of overlay film time, and the amount of the slippage of soil pH value and total salt content and overlay film 14 days leaching does not again have much changes.
Test two:
Divided into groups experimental field, the area often organizing experimental field is 300m
2, processing method is as follows:
Table 3 different phosphate gypsum amount of application is to the improved effect in saline land
As can be seen from the above table, when the amount of application of ardealite is less than 600kg/ mu, its soil pH value and total salt content decline very fast, and the amount of application of ardealite is when being greater than 600kg/ mu, the degree change that soil pH value and total salt content decline is little, therefore, for moderate saline-alkali soil, when the amount of application of ardealite is 600 ~ 800kg/ mu, best results.
Test three
Divided into groups experimental field, the area often organizing experimental field is 300m
2, processing method is as follows:
Table 4 different ratios of raw materials is to the improved effect in saline land
As can be seen from Table 4, use separately ardealite and process saline land, pomegranate cutting can not be survived on this saline land; The effect executing ardealite and fertilizer process is better than executing separately ardealite, but effect is undesirable; Execute that ardealite and oil cake process saline land, effect is than executing the good of ardealite and fertilizer, but still undesirable; Execute ardealite and bacterium chaff processes saline land, effect is undesirable; Execute that ardealite, oil cake, bacterium chaff and fertilizer process saline land, the survival rate of pomegranate cutting is still on the low side, and later stage growing way is bad.Can be found out by the result of the test of experimental group five with experimental group six, by ardealite, oil cake, after bacterium chaff and fertilizer process saline land, the mode of plantation wild country melon is adopted to improve saline land again, the salt content in saline land can be reduced greatly, thus make this saline land be applicable to the growth of pomegranate seedling, its reason is that wild country melon has extremely strong resisting cold, drought-enduring, resistance to shade, impoverishment tolerant, the water-fast characteristic such as wet, and find through research, wild country melon can absorb a large amount of salinities from saline land, store after dilution in body for its physiological activity needs, so plant the soil structure that wild country melon can improve saline land greatly on saline land.
What illustrate is, several test examples that above-mentioned experiment is only used to verify beneficial effect of the present invention and enumerates, the test done to complete the present invention is far above in this, simultaneously, above-mentioned test just illustrates, does not form any pro forma restriction of the present invention.
Embodiment
Conveniently those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.Embodiment is only illustrating this invention, is not limitation of the invention, and the step not doing in embodiment to illustrate is all prior arts, is not described in detail at this.
In following examples, described ardealite is the ardealite that Xifeng Heavy Calcium Factory, Kailin Group. Guizhou produces, the content of its calcium sulphate dihydrate is 50.7 ~ 86.2%, the content of total phosphorus pentoxide is 0.01 ~ 13.3%, the content of solubility phosphorus pentoxide is 0.01 ~ 0.68%, magnesian content is 0.23 ~ 0.53%, and the content of fluorine ion is 0.12 ~ 0.48%, and pH value is 2.1 ~ 4.6.In described oil cake containing organic 75 ~ 85%, nitrogen 1.1 ~ 7.0%, phosphorus pentoxide 0.4 ~ 3.0%, potassium oxide 0.9 ~ 2.1%, protein be 1.5 ~ 3.7%, raw fiber 6 ~ 10.7%, calcium 0.8 ~ 11%, choline 0.27 ~ 0.70%, nicotinic acid 0.6 ~ 1.2% and other vitamin substances 1.3 ~ 2.0.In described bacterium chaff containing crude protein be 9.0 ~ 11.0%, raw fiber 6.0 ~ 7.0%, crude fat 0.1 ~ 0.2%, nitrogen free extract 45 ~ 50%, calcium 3.0 ~ 3.5%, phosphorus 2.0 ~ 3.0%, lysine 1.0 ~ 1.5%, tryptophan 0.5 ~ 0.8%, methionine ten cystine 1 ~ 1.5% and coarse ash 8.0 ~ 10.0%.
Embodiment one
A breeding method for pomegranate seedling on saline land, comprises the following steps:
(1) saline land coagulation: first phosphogypsum powder is broken into 100 object fine powders, then the moisture in saline land is regulated to be 40%, planting site is the saline land on Bing Jie farm, Haixing County, it is 0.19% that its 0 ~ 20cm shows native total salt content, and tilling depth is 10cm, and in saline land, surface uniform executes phosphogypsum powder, the amount of application of phosphogypsum powder is 400kg/ mu, then carry out rotary tillage process, cover film after 14 days, film is taken away and carries out leaching process;
(2) saline land two stage treatment: even organic fertilizer, bacterium chaff and oil cake in the saline land after step (1) process, the amount of application of fertilizer, bacterium chaff and oil cake is respectively 600kg/ mu, 400kg/ mu and 500kg/ mu, then carry out rotary tillage process, the degree of depth in arable land is 10cm;
(3) saline land tertiary treatment: after step (2) process saline land terminates 20 days, the moisture of saline and alkaline ground surface soil is regulated to be 30%, choose wild country melon and fruit real naturally ripe rotten after the seed that therefrom takes out, with the emerge in worm water 8h of 20 DEG C, then wild country melon seed is sowed in saline land, carry out rotary tillage process again, the degree of depth in arable land is 10cm;
(4) wholely, railway carriage or compartment is opened: after wild country melon grows 1 year in saline land, wild country melon vine and weeds are cut off, then railway carriage or compartment is opened by wide 1.2m, and make railway carriage or compartment face width be 1.3m, the wide 0.4m of pavement, face, railway carriage or compartment exceeds pavement 0.2m, evenly executes on face, railway carriage or compartment after the wild country melon vine after cutting off and weeds being pulverized;
(5) cuttage: regulate the moisture in face, railway carriage or compartment to be after 40%, pluck robust growth and without more than 3 years of damage by disease and insect raw peripheral branches of pomegranate tree, be cut into the cutting that length is 9cm, by cutting with after root-inducing powder immersion treatment 30min, by cutting cuttage on face, railway carriage or compartment, the spacing in the rows controlling cutting is 10cm, and line-spacing is 15cm, and the degree of depth of cuttage is 1/3 of cutting length;
(6) final-period management: after cutting cuttage, the moisture keeping face, railway carriage or compartment soil is 30%, cuttage is after 25 days, start weeding, later stage, weeding was once every other month, apply fertilizer every other month once, execute urea at every turn, the fertile 30kg/ mu of mixing of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and farmyard manure, urea, the weight ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and farmyard manure is 10:20:120, fertilizing method is: by urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and farmyard manure mixing fertilizer mix with the weight ratio of 6:120 with water after, the mixed liquor of acquisition is watered in cutting base portion, cuttage is after 4 months, can by pomegranate seedling replanting.
Through statistics, adopt the method to cultivate pomegranate seedling on this saline land, the survival rate of cutting is 96%.
Embodiment two
A breeding method for pomegranate seedling on saline land, comprises the following steps:
(1) saline land coagulation: first phosphogypsum powder is broken into 200 object fine powders, then the moisture in saline land is regulated to be 50%, planting site is the saline land on Bing Jie farm, Haixing County, it is 0.39% that its 0 ~ 20cm shows native total salt content, and tilling depth is 20cm, and in saline land, surface uniform executes phosphogypsum powder, the amount of application of phosphogypsum powder is 800kg/ mu, then carry out rotary tillage process, cover film after 30 days, film is taken away and carries out leaching process;
(2) saline land two stage treatment: even organic fertilizer, bacterium chaff and oil cake in the saline land after step (1) process, the amount of application of fertilizer, bacterium chaff and oil cake is respectively 1000kg/ mu, 600kg/ mu and 800kg/ mu, then carry out rotary tillage process, the degree of depth in arable land is 20cm;
(3) saline land tertiary treatment: after step (2) process saline land terminates 40 days, the moisture of saline and alkaline ground surface soil is regulated to be 50%, choose wild country melon and fruit real naturally ripe rotten after the seed that therefrom takes out, with the emerge in worm water 12h of 30 DEG C, then wild country melon seed is sowed in saline land, carry out rotary tillage process again, the degree of depth in arable land is 20cm;
(4) wholely, open railway carriage or compartment: after wild country melon grows 2 years in saline land, wild country melon vine and weeds are cut off, then open railway carriage or compartment by wide 2m, and make railway carriage or compartment face width be 1.9m, the wide 0.6m of pavement, face, railway carriage or compartment exceeds pavement 0.5m, evenly executes on face, railway carriage or compartment after the wild country melon vine after cutting off and weeds being pulverized;
(5) cuttage: regulate the moisture in face, railway carriage or compartment to be after 60%, pluck robust growth and without more than 3 years of damage by disease and insect raw peripheral branches of pomegranate tree, be cut into the cutting that length is 15cm, by cutting with after root-inducing powder immersion treatment 50min, by cutting cuttage on face, railway carriage or compartment, the spacing in the rows controlling cutting is 15cm, and line-spacing is 20cm, and the degree of depth of cuttage is 2/3 of cutting length;
(6) final-period management: after cutting cuttage, the moisture keeping face, railway carriage or compartment soil is 40%, cuttage is after 30 days, start weeding, later stage, weeding was once every other month, apply fertilizer every other month once, execute urea at every turn, the fertile 50kg/ mu of mixing of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and farmyard manure, urea, the weight ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and farmyard manure is 20:40:160, fertilizing method is: by urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and farmyard manure mixing fertilizer mix with the weight ratio of 10:120 with water after, the mixed liquor of acquisition is watered in cutting base portion, cuttage is after 6 months, can by pomegranate seedling replanting.
Through statistics, adopt the method to cultivate pomegranate seedling on this saline land, the survival rate of cutting is 93%.
Embodiment three
A breeding method for pomegranate seedling on saline land, comprises the following steps:
(1) saline land coagulation: first phosphogypsum powder is broken into 120 object fine powders, then the moisture in saline land is regulated to be 45%, planting site is the saline land on Bing Jie farm, Haixing County, it is 0.31% that its 0 ~ 20cm shows native total salt content, and tilling depth is 15cm, and in saline land, surface uniform executes phosphogypsum powder, the amount of application of phosphogypsum powder is 600kg/ mu, then carry out rotary tillage process, cover film after 20 days, film is taken away and carries out leaching process;
(2) saline land two stage treatment: even organic fertilizer, bacterium chaff and oil cake in the saline land after step (1) process, the amount of application of fertilizer, bacterium chaff and oil cake is respectively 800kg/ mu, 500kg/ mu and 600kg/ mu, then carry out rotary tillage process, the degree of depth in arable land is 15cm;
(3) saline land tertiary treatment: after step (2) process saline land terminates 30 days, the moisture of saline and alkaline ground surface soil is regulated to be 40%, choose wild country melon and fruit real naturally ripe rotten after the seed that therefrom takes out, with the emerge in worm water 10h of 25 DEG C, then wild country melon seed is sowed in saline land, carry out rotary tillage process again, the degree of depth in arable land is 15cm;
(4) wholely, railway carriage or compartment is opened: after wild country melon grows 1 year in saline land, wild country melon vine and weeds are cut off, then railway carriage or compartment is opened by wide 1.8m, and make railway carriage or compartment face width be 1.6m, the wide 0.5m of pavement, face, railway carriage or compartment exceeds pavement 0.4m, evenly executes on face, railway carriage or compartment after the wild country melon vine after cutting off and weeds being pulverized;
(5) cuttage: regulate the moisture in face, railway carriage or compartment to be after 50%, pluck robust growth and without more than 3 years of damage by disease and insect raw peripheral branches of pomegranate tree, be cut into the cutting that length is 12cm, by cutting with after root-inducing powder immersion treatment 40min, by cutting cuttage on face, railway carriage or compartment, the spacing in the rows controlling cutting is 12cm, and line-spacing is 17cm, and the degree of depth of cuttage is 1/3 of cutting length;
(6) final-period management: after cutting cuttage, the moisture keeping face, railway carriage or compartment soil is 35%, cuttage is after 28 days, start weeding, later stage, weeding was once every other month, apply fertilizer every other month once, execute urea at every turn, mixing fertilizer 30 ~ 50kg/ mu of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and farmyard manure, urea, the weight ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and farmyard manure is 15:30:140, fertilizing method is: by urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and farmyard manure mixing fertilizer mix with the weight ratio of 8:120 with water after, the mixed liquor of acquisition is watered in cutting base portion, cuttage is after 5 months, can by pomegranate seedling replanting.
Through statistics, adopt the method to cultivate pomegranate seedling on this saline land, the survival rate of cutting is 95%.
The above, it is only better example of the present invention, not any pro forma restriction is done to the present invention, anyly do not depart from technical solution of the present invention content, the any simple modification done above example according to technical spirit of the present invention, coversion material equivalent variations and modification, all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the breeding method of pomegranate seedling on saline land, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) saline land coagulation: first phosphogypsum powder is broken into 100 ~ 200 object fine powders, then the moisture in saline land is regulated to be 40 ~ 50%, then phosphogypsum powder is executed at saline land surface uniform, the amount of application of phosphogypsum powder is 400 ~ 800kg/ mu, then rotary tillage process is carried out, cover film after 14 ~ 30 days, film is taken away and carries out leaching process;
(2) saline land two stage treatment: even organic fertilizer, bacterium chaff and oil cake in the saline land after step (1) process, the amount of application of fertilizer, bacterium chaff and oil cake is respectively 600 ~ 1000kg/ mu, 400 ~ 600kg/ mu and 500 ~ 800kg/ mu, then carries out rotary tillage process;
(3) saline land tertiary treatment: after step (2) process saline land terminates 20 ~ 40 days, regulate the moisture of saline and alkaline ground surface soil to be 30 ~ 50%, then wild country melon seed is sowed in saline land, then carry out rotary tillage process;
(4) wholely, open railway carriage or compartment: after wild country melon grows 1 ~ 2 year in saline land, wild country melon vine and weeds are cut off, then open railway carriage or compartment by wide 1.2 ~ 2m, and make railway carriage or compartment face width be 1.3 ~ 1.9m, the wide 0.4 ~ 0.6m of pavement, face, railway carriage or compartment exceeds pavement 0.2 ~ 0.5m;
(5) cuttage: regulate the moisture in face, railway carriage or compartment to be after 40 ~ 60%, pluck robust growth and without more than 3 years of damage by disease and insect raw peripheral branches of pomegranate tree, be cut into the cutting that length is 9 ~ 15cm, by cutting with after root-inducing powder immersion treatment 30 ~ 50min, by cutting cuttage on face, railway carriage or compartment;
(6) final-period management: after cutting cuttage, the moisture keeping face, railway carriage or compartment soil is 30 ~ 40%, cuttage is after 25 ~ 30 days, start weeding, later stage every other month weeding once, apply fertilizer every other month once, execute mixing fertilizer 30 ~ 50kg/ mu of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and farmyard manure at every turn, cuttage, can by pomegranate seedling replanting after 4 ~ 6 months.
2. the breeding method of pomegranate seedling on saline land as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (1), for slight alkaline land, the amount of application of phosphogypsum powder is 400 ~ 600kg/ mu; For moderate saline-alkali soil, the amount of application of phosphogypsum powder is 600 ~ 800kg/ mu.
3. the breeding method of pomegranate seedling on saline land as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (2), for slight alkaline land, the amount of application of fertilizer, bacterium chaff and oil cake is respectively 600 ~ 800kg/ mu, 400 ~ 500kg/ mu and 500 ~ 600kg/ mu; For moderate saline-alkali soil, the amount of application of fertilizer, bacterium chaff and oil cake is respectively 800 ~ 1000kg/ mu, 500 ~ 600kg/ mu and 600 ~ 800kg/ mu.
4. the breeding method of pomegranate seedling on saline land as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the degree of depth of described rotary tillage is 10 ~ 20cm.
5. the breeding method of pomegranate seedling on saline land as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described wild country melon seed be wild country melon and fruit real naturally ripe rotten after the seed that therefrom takes out, and use the emerge in worm water 8 ~ 12h of 20 ~ 30 DEG C prior to seeding.
6. the breeding method of pomegranate seedling on saline land as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (4), apply on railway carriage or compartment face after the wild country melon vine extracted and weeds being pulverized from saline land.
7. the breeding method of pomegranate seedling on saline land as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the spacing in the rows of described cutting is 10 ~ 15cm, and line-spacing is 15 ~ 20cm, and the degree of depth of cuttage is 1/3 ~ 2/3 of cutting length.
8. the breeding method of pomegranate seedling on saline land as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (6), the weight ratio of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and farmyard manure is (10 ~ 20): (20 ~ 40): (120 ~ 160).
9. the breeding method of pomegranate seedling on saline land as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (6), fertilizing method is: by fertile for the mixing of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and farmyard manure with water with (6 ~ 10): after the weight ratio of 120 mixes, the mixed liquor of acquisition is watered in cutting base portion.
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| CN106576732A (en) * | 2016-11-19 | 2017-04-26 | 蚌埠市涂山村富民石榴专业合作社 | Cutting propagation method of pomegranates in Bengbu region |
| CN110558185A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-13 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Method for planting sweet potatoes in saline-alkali soil of Xinjiang |
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