CN102559197B - Saline-alkali soil modifying agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Saline-alkali soil modifying agent and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102559197B
CN102559197B CN201210005195.XA CN201210005195A CN102559197B CN 102559197 B CN102559197 B CN 102559197B CN 201210005195 A CN201210005195 A CN 201210005195A CN 102559197 B CN102559197 B CN 102559197B
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saline
alkali soil
water
soil
soil conditioner
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CN102559197A (en
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丁英
路广
赖波
路振国
王新勇
单娜娜
董巨河
孙九胜
祁通
李举文
董胜利
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URUMQI HONGDU JIAYE BIOTECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
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URUMQI HONGDU JIAYE BIOTECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a saline-alkali soil modifying agent, which is prepared by mixing amino acid, carbamide, acetic acid, sodium nitrophenolate and water. The modifying agent is simple in preparation process and low in cost, can improve soil physical-chemical properties, inhibits salt rising, neutralizes soil alkalinity, increases organic matters and fertilizer efficiency, stimulates crops to take more roots rapidly and improves emergence rate, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing yield.

Description

Saline-alkali soil conditioner and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil improvement field, be specifically related to a kind of saline-alkali soil conditioner and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Saltings refers to that the contained salinity in soil the inside has influence on the normal growth of crop, and it has as high pH value, is highly harmful to the features such as salt content, poor, the easy knot tying piece of ventilation property, fertility are low.When upper soll layer saltiness surpasses 0.6%, most plants can not be grown, surpasses 1.0% and only has some special plants that are adapted to solonchak to survive.According to UNESCO and food and agricultural organization's incomplete statistics, China's all kinds of saline and alkaline soil total area reaches 100,000,000 hectares.The vast salt affected soil of area is not suitable for the growth needs of plant, has a strong impact on the eubiosis, very harmful, so the improvement of saline-alkali soil and the protection of utilization to ecotope, and expanding economy is all an extremely important problem.
Through the research practice of decades, there is the Saline-alkali Field Control method of multiple system, comprising: physically improved method, as soil moved in to improve the original method; Water conservancy improved method, as established sealing coat and ooze pipe salt discharge in storage fresh water on saline alkali land for leaching, washing salinity by irrigation, bottom; Chemical amendments is mainly to use chemical substance to enrich to improve its soil property to saline-alkali soil; Biological modification method, as the green manure of plantation salt tolerant and herbage etc.Wherein, the investment of biological modification method is minimum, but it is slow to take effect; Physically improved method instant effect, effective, but cost is too high; Water conservancy improved method cost is low, instant effect, but is limited to Freshwater resources.Comprehensive, chemical amendments is the preferred version in current improvement saltings, and find low, the resourceful saline-alkali soil conditioner of cost, is crucial.
Chinese patent application 200510012366.1 has been announced a kind of alkaline soil improver, is to be composited by a certain percentage with gypsum, stalk, urea.Chinese patent application 200610146026.2 discloses a kind of saltings special nutritional modifying agent, by desulfurization waste, promotor, straw powder, furfural dregs and fertilizer, is composited.Chinese patent application 200610010593.5 discloses a kind of saline-alkali soil conditioner, be by polyacrylic acid with after water dissolution, under agitation add successively mineral acid, wood vinegar and plant hormone, mix and form.Above-mentioned modifying agent has certain improving effect to salt affected soil, but effect is all undesirable, and range of application is narrower, and can not use in plant seedling stage and vegetative period, turns on cannot administering that rainwater causes saline and alkaline.
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of saline-alkali soil conditioner, by combination fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and organic acid, improve soil physico-chemical property, the rising of inhibition salinity, sweetening of the soil alkalescence, the increase soil organism and fertility.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of saline-alkali soil conditioner, by the composition of organic acid utilization soil own, realize the improvement of soil and reparation, increase organic matter and fertility, can be widely used in middle-and-low-yielding fields, improvement saltings, administers desert greening; Cost is low, and instant effect can significantly improve saltings output, obviously improves agricultural product quality.
A saline-alkali soil conditioner, is characterized in that, is become: amino acid 8-11, urea 15-20, acetic acid 10-15, sodium nitrophenolate 0.1-0.2, water 53-66 by the mixed raw material of following weight part.
Preferably, the weight part of each raw material is respectively amino acid 9-10, urea 18-20, acetic acid 12-15, sodium nitrophenolate 0.15-0.2, water 53-60; More preferably, amino acid/11 0, urea 20, acetic acid 15, sodium nitrophenolate 0.2, water 54.8.
Saline-alkali soil conditioner of the present invention is liquor.
Can be by mixing above-mentioned raw materials to obtain saline-alkali soil conditioner of the present invention, particularly, its preparation comprises and takes by weight ratio amino acid, urea, acetic acid, sodium nitrophenolate and water, be placed in mixing vessel, stir and be warming up to 40-60 ℃, keep 1.5-2 hours, can obtain saline-alkali soil conditioner finished product after cooling.
The raw material using in the present invention and equipment is commercially available acquisition all.This saline-alkali soil conditioner is applicable to various crop-planting environment, and use-pattern and consumption are to be very easy to judgement to those skilled in the art, for example, can by simple experiment, determine according to different edatopes.
The present invention's effect in application practice is remarkable, has broken through and in traditional method, has used limitation organic and fertilizer improvement soil, utilizes the principles of chemistry to administer saltings, and method is simple, instant effect.Product in Hami in Xinjiang, districts and cities are on probation Shihezi, Bole, Kuerle, alura etc. promotes, seedling rate improves greatly, dead seedling after emerging in not dead of vegetative period, has reached good effect.
Exemplarily, provided the using method of modifying agent of the present invention to some kind of plant kinds below:
1, cotton:
Before sowing in spring, use: soil is ploughed deeply, raked, then, by being evenly sprayed on earth's surface after product dilution of the present invention, then pour water, after water infiltrates completely, can sow, saline-alkaline spot soil emphasis is disputed and executed, emphasis is processed both economical.
During winter irrigation, use: before winter irrigation, soil is ploughed deeply, raked, some areas band stubble is poured water (do not turn over whole soil, directly fill with winter water or spring water), and now using artificial or small-sized machine are ploughed deeply saline-alkaline spot soil plot, products applied after raking, effect is got twice the result with half the effort.
During spring irrigation, use: after planting use during drip irrigation, increase seedling rate, control disease in cotton seedling stage, also can execute with water droplet in seedling stage.Seedling stage, time of application was more early better, and when soil saliferous alkali number is high, certain interval of time drips and executes 1-2 times again.
Every mu of consumption of product of the present invention is 5 kilograms-10 kilograms.
2, paddy rice:
During seedling cultivation of rice: every square metre of seedbed sprays 40 milliliters of left and right products of the present invention, impel that seedling is neat, seedling is strong; Before and after rice transplanting, spray this modifying agent in paddy field, rice shoot is turned green soon, and tillering capacity improves greatly, and the ripening stage was carried about the last week.
3, wheat, corn, clover, soybean, beet:
Broadcast front use: broadcast the front soil of ploughing deeply, raking of processing with modifying agent, then pour water, after water infiltrates completely, can sow, can increase substantially seedling rate, survival rate of seedlings.
Used seedling stage: when water seedling stage, be used in conjunction with modifying agent of the present invention, can remove rapidly saline and alkaline harm, increase substantially output.
Every mu of usage quantity is 5-8 kilograms.
4, grape, bergamot pear, pomegranate:
During field planting, use: sapling is planted complete, with the modifying agent after dilution, process plant pit table soil, then water, can greatly improve surviving rate, and tree vigo(u)r growth is vigorous, is later high yield, stable laying the first stone.
Every tree usage quantity is 40 to 100 milliliters.
5, hami melon, watermelon:
Broadcast front use: broadcast the front soil of ploughing deeply, raking of processing with modifying agent, then pour water, after water infiltrates completely, can sow, can increase substantially seedling rate.
Used seedling stage: seedling stage is while finding saline and alkaline harm, can will behind 300-500 times of left and right of product dilution of the present invention, fill with root, while having ready conditions, pour water subsequently, the place of the drip irrigation of having ready conditions, modifying agent directly can be added to and in drip irrigation, carry out drip irrigation, can remove rapidly saline and alkaline harm, significantly improve per unit area yield, improve fruit quality.
Every mu of usage quantity is 5 kilograms of left and right.
6, economic forest:
After sapling is planted: with the water product of the present invention of spreading manuer in holes.Amount of application is as follows
Soil salt content <0.3% 0.3—0.5% 0.5—0.8% >0.8%
Seedling rate (range estimation) >80% 60—80% 40—60% <40%
Mu consumption (gram) 4000—5000 5000—7000 8000—10000 >10000
Application times 1 1 1—2 2—3
Saline-alkali soil conditioner of the present invention can be improved soil compaction, increases soil aggregate, strengthens soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping ability, increases organic matter and fertility, can be widely used in middle-and-low-yielding fields, administers desert greening.Improvement cost is low, and instant effect approximately needs 3-5 days during slight, moderate saltings pH value 7.5-8.0, and severe pH value is greater than at 8.0 o'clock and approximately needs 5-7 days.After using, can greatly improve seedling rate, significantly improve saltings output (can increase production more than 20%, what have increases production more than 60%), obviously improve agricultural product quality.
In addition, on the alkali causing for excessive rainfall, turn over, after raining, drip irrigation or punching at once executed product of the present invention and can be neutralized and roll up the saline and alkaline of earth's surface, effectively suppress to turn over the dead seedling causing, dead phenomenon on alkali, make seedling and a healthy and strong growth, greatly improve output, the output on heavy salinized ground can improve about 20-30%.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, but described content can not be considered to for limiting practical range of the present invention.All equalizations of doing according to the present patent application scope change and improve, within all should belonging to patent covering scope of the present invention.
preparation Example
Prepare 100 weight part saline-alkali soil conditioners, comprise the following steps:
(1) take respectively 0 part of amino acid/11,20 parts, urea, 15 parts of acetic acid, 0.2 part of sodium nitrophenolate, 54.8 parts, water;
(2) amino acid, urea, acetic acid, sodium nitrophenolate and water are placed in to mixing vessel, start and stir and be warming up to 50 ℃, keep 2 hours, be then cooled to room temperature, obtain saline-alkali soil conditioner finished product.
effect embodiment
A, Kuerle, Xinjiang cotton field
This cotton planting ground is typical salt affected soil, and pH value is between 9-10.
After the plantation of saltings, the amount by the modifying agent of above-mentioned preparation with 9 kgs/acre adds in drip irrigation, and doubly, drip irrigation is to land for growing field crops for dilution 25-30.In use, find that this saline-alkali soil conditioner is used Hou Keshi land for growing field crops, land for growing field crops soil seedling and surrounding soil pH value reduces by 1-2 points, and do not hinder root, no seedling injury, do not hinder leaf.
B, 142 of Shawan County, Shihezi City In Xinjiang institute grow cotton ground
This cotton field saline and alkaline is higher, and pH value is between 8.5-9.7.
After plantation, the amount by the modifying agent of above-mentioned preparation with 7 kgs/acre adds in drip irrigation, and doubly, drip irrigation is to land for growing field crops for dilution 25-30.Drip irrigation seedling rate reaches more than 80%, and Comparatively speaking, clear water control group seedling rate is only 30%; Final single cropping output increases by 220%.

Claims (5)

1. a saline-alkali soil conditioner, is characterized in that, is become: amino acid 8-11, urea 15-20, acetic acid 10-15, sodium nitrophenolate 0.1-0.2, water 53-66 by the mixed raw material of following weight part;
Concrete preparation method is as follows:
Take by weight ratio amino acid, urea, acetic acid, sodium nitrophenolate and water, be placed in mixing vessel, stir and be warming up to 40-60 ℃, keep 1.5-2 hours, obtain saline-alkali soil conditioner finished product after cooling.
2. saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the weight part of each raw material respectively: amino acid 9-10, urea 18-20, acetic acid 12-15, sodium nitrophenolate 0.15-0.2, water 53-60.
3. saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the weight part of each raw material respectively: amino acid/11 0, urea 20, acetic acid 15, sodium nitrophenolate 0.2, water 54.8.
4. according to the saline-alkali soil conditioner described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: described saline-alkali soil conditioner is liquor.
5. according to the preparation method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner described in any one in claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, take by weight ratio amino acid, urea, acetic acid, sodium nitrophenolate and water, be placed in mixing vessel, stir and be warming up to 40-60 ℃, keep 1.5-2 hours, obtain saline-alkali soil conditioner finished product after cooling.
CN201210005195.XA 2012-01-10 2012-01-10 Saline-alkali soil modifying agent and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN102559197B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103497054B (en) * 2013-09-29 2014-11-26 江苏省农业科学院 Anti-salt seedling-keeping agent for accelerating safe and effective growth of saline-alkali soil cotton at seedling stage
CN105330388A (en) * 2014-08-06 2016-02-17 天津贾立明蚯蚓养殖有限公司 Earthworm amino acid stable organic-inorganic soil conditioner and processing technology thereof
CN105199741B (en) * 2015-10-26 2018-09-28 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所(新疆维吾尔自治区新型肥料研究中心) A kind of alkali-affected soil modifying agent and preparation method thereof
CN108738445A (en) * 2018-04-03 2018-11-06 屈世才 A kind of desert can ploughing organic process method
CN109369277A (en) * 2018-12-13 2019-02-22 新疆辉柯农业信息科技有限公司 For improveing saline and alkaline Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer containing biological bacteria and preparation method thereof
CN109400399A (en) * 2019-01-08 2019-03-01 北京三聚绿能科技有限公司 A kind of wood vinegar organic fertilizer and its fertilizing method
CN115093292B (en) * 2022-08-24 2022-11-08 北京市农林科学院 Saline-alkali soil modifier and application thereof

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CN101298563A (en) * 2008-06-13 2008-11-05 天津市瑞丰原生物修复技术有限公司 Soil organism modifying agent for heavy soda alkaline land afforestation and plating method
CN101659867A (en) * 2009-09-21 2010-03-03 路振国 Saline-alkali soil conditioner and preparation method thereof

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CN1813541A (en) * 2005-02-06 2006-08-09 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 Plant salt-resisting agent, and its preparing and use method
CN101298563A (en) * 2008-06-13 2008-11-05 天津市瑞丰原生物修复技术有限公司 Soil organism modifying agent for heavy soda alkaline land afforestation and plating method
CN101659867A (en) * 2009-09-21 2010-03-03 路振国 Saline-alkali soil conditioner and preparation method thereof

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