CN113508700A

CN113508700A - Planting system and method suitable for gingko

Info

Publication number: CN113508700A
Application number: CN202010218443.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 严巍; 胡永红; 杨瑞卿
Original assignee: SHANGHAI GREENING MANAGEMENT GUIDANCE STATION
Current assignee: SHANGHAI GREENING MANAGEMENT GUIDANCE STATION
Priority date: 2020-03-25
Filing date: 2020-03-25
Publication date: 2021-10-19

Abstract

The invention provides a planting system and a planting method suitable for gingkoes, wherein the planting system comprises: and (4) tree pits: and a planting substrate, the planting substrate comprising: a growth layer consisting of, by volume ratio (5-8): 5, a mixture of the formula soil and the filling particles is formed, a planting pit for planting the gingkoes therein is reserved, and the mass water content of the growth layer is 25-40%; and the maintenance device is a hollow cylindrical part, and a mixture of nutrient solution and loam suitable for the growth of the gingkoes is filled in the hollow cylindrical part. The hollow columnar piece is arranged in the growth layer of the planting system, so that nutrient solution added at the early stage can slowly seep out, various nutrient solutions and medicaments can be conveniently injected at the later stage, the manual and mechanical cost of gingko maintenance is greatly reduced, and the load of the planting system is increased.

Description

Planting system and method suitable for gingko

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of urban road landscaping, in particular to a planting system and a planting method suitable for gingko.

Background

The ginkgo tree form is beautiful, the leaf color is light green in spring and summer, the ginkgo tree becomes yellow in autumn, and the ginkgo tree form is quite beautiful and can be used as garden trees and street trees. However, the inventor of the present application finds that, when ginkgo is used for urban landscaping, the structure of the planting system cannot be matched with the growth requirement of ginkgo, which easily causes the conditions of poor growth, premature senility or death of ginkgo; in addition, the soil around the ginkgo root system can be excessively compacted due to the rolling of pedestrians or vehicles, so that the porosity of the soil is reduced, the air permeability and the water permeability of the soil are reduced, the penetrability resistance of the ginkgo root system is increased, and the ginkgo root system is not beneficial to the growth of the ginkgo.

Therefore, those skilled in the art have endeavored to develop a planting system and a planting method for ginkgo biloba, which can improve the growth quality of ginkgo biloba and fully exert the urban ecosystem service of ginkgo biloba.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention provides a planting system and a planting method suitable for ginkgo for solving the problems of the prior art, such as the existing planting system is not suitable for the growing requirement of ginkgo, the porosity is small, and the water and air permeability is poor.

To achieve the above objects, the present invention provides a planting system for ginkgo biloba comprising:

and (4) tree pits: and

a planting substrate comprising: a growth layer consisting of, by volume ratio (5-8): 5, a mixture of the formula soil and the filling particles is formed, a planting pit for planting the gingkoes therein is reserved, and the mass water content of the growth layer is 25-40%; and

the maintenance device is a hollow cylindrical part, and a mixture of nutrient solution and loam suitable for the growth of the gingkoes is filled in the hollow cylindrical part;

wherein, the filling particles are prepared from (5-8): 2 and a water-retaining agent, wherein the particle size of the cyan stone particles is 3-5 cm; the formula soil is a mixture of compost and loam.

Preferably, the planting substrate further comprises a pressure bearing layer, the pressure bearing layer is positioned at the bottom of the tree pit and below the growth layer, and the pressure bearing layer is formed by mixing the components in a volume ratio of (1-2):9 and filler particles.

Preferably, the planting substrate further comprises a protective layer, the protective layer covers the growth layer, and the protective layer is formed by the filling particles.

Preferably, the protective layer further comprises a tree pit cover plate layer paved by tree pit cover plates, and the tree pit cover plate layer is located on the upper portion of the protective layer.

Preferably, the depth of the tree pit is 90-120cm, the thickness of the pressure bearing layer is 10-20cm, and the thickness of the protective layer is 5-10 cm.

Preferably, the water retaining agent is ceramsite or perlite.

Preferably, the hollow cylindrical member is a erectly threaded hollow tube, more preferably an octagonal erectly threaded hollow tube.

Preferably, the side wall of the vertical hollow tube is provided with one or more rows of through holes, and the through holes are distributed along the direction parallel to the axial direction of the vertical hollow tube.

The invention also provides a planting method suitable for the gingkoes, which uses the planting system and comprises the following steps:

a. excavating a tree pit at a place where the gingko is to be planted;

c. arranging a maintenance device in the tree pit, and filling a mixture of nutrient solution and loam suitable for the growth of the gingkoes in the maintenance device, wherein the maintenance device is a hollow columnar member;

d. laying the materials in a volume ratio of (5-8): 5, mixing the formula soil and filling particles to cover the hollow columnar member and form a growth layer, and reserving a planting pit for planting the gingko in the growth layer, wherein the mass water content of the growth layer is 25-40%;

e. planting the gingko to be planted in the planting pits and using the volume ratio of (5-8): 5, filling the mixture of the formula soil and the filling particles;

wherein the filling particles are (5-8) by volume: 2 and a water-retaining agent, wherein the particle size of the cyan stone particles is 3-5 cm; the formula soil is a mixture of compost and loam.

Preferably, the following step b is further included between the steps a and c: paving the bottom of the tree pit with a volume ratio of (1-2):9 to form a bearing layer, the growth layer being located above the bearing layer.

Preferably, the following step f is further included after the step e: laying filling particles on the upper part of the growth layer to form a protective layer; the following steps are also included after the step f: and paving a tree pit cover plate on the upper part of the protective layer to form a tree pit cover plate layer.

Preferably, the water-retaining agent is ceramsite and/or perlite.

The invention also provides a planting method suitable for the gingkoes, which comprises the following steps:

1) providing a planting system as described above;

2) planting the gingko to be planted in the planting pits of the growth layer, and using the volume ratio of (5-8): 5, filling the mixture of the formula soil and the filling particles;

3) so that the nutrient solution suitable for the growth of ginkgo biloba in the hollow cylindrical member permeates into the growth layer from the hollow cylindrical member.

The planting method and the planting system suitable for the gingkoes provided by the invention have the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the planting substrate has proper porosity and good air and water permeability, is beneficial to the respiration of the root system of the ginkgo and the absorption of water and fertilizer, and can provide a growth environment matched with the ginkgo.

2. The hollow columnar piece is arranged in the growth layer of the planting system, so that nutrient solution added at the early stage can slowly seep out, various nutrient solutions and medicaments can be conveniently injected at the later stage, the manual and mechanical cost of gingko maintenance is greatly reduced, and the load of the planting system is increased.

3. The planting system comprises the following components in percentage by volume (1-2):9, the bearing layer formed by the mixture of the formula soil and the filling particles plays a role of bearing load and can prevent or reduce the subsidence of the whole planting system.

4. The protective layer formed by the filling particles can protect the growth layer, can prevent the loss of the formula soil, and can prevent the damage to the structure and the like caused by the rolling of the planting matrix.

5. The tree pit cover plate layer is easy to change the cover plate combination, can meet the requirements of the trees in different places on the street, and is level and beautiful and resistant to rolling.

6. According to the planting method suitable for the gingkoes, provided by the invention, the nutrient solution in the planting system permeates into the growth layer from the hollow cylindrical part and permeates into the pressure bearing layer, so that an environment suitable for growth of the gingkoes is provided for the gingkoes, and the labor cost and the mechanical cost for maintaining the gingkoes are greatly reduced.

The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a planting system for ginkgo biloba according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the hollow cylindrical member in fig. 1.

Wherein, the planting method comprises the following steps of 1-tree pit, 2-bearing layer, 3-growing layer, 4-protective layer, 5-street, 6-gingko, 7-planting pit, 8-hollow columnar part, 9-first through hole, 10-mixture of nutrient solution and loam suitable for gingko growth, and 11-tree pit cover plate layer.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.

It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the drawings only show the components related to the present invention rather than the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the type, quantity and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be changed freely, and the layout of the components may be more complicated. In the embodiments, terms such as "upper", "lower", "middle" and "a" are used for clarity of description only, and are not used to limit the scope of the invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the corresponding changes or modifications may be made without substantial technical changes and modifications.

Some exemplary embodiments of the invention have been described for illustrative purposes, and it is to be understood that the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, there is shown an implementation of a transplanting system for ginkgo biloba according to the present invention, comprising a tree well 1 and a transplanting medium. The tree hole 1 is used for accommodating planting matrix, and the tree hole 1 and the planting matrix form a growing environment of the gingko. The depth, shape and size of the tree pit 1 can be selected according to actual conditions, the tree pit shown in fig. 1 is cuboid, the tree pit can also be designed into a square, spherical, ellipsoidal or irregular shape, and the like, and can be specifically determined according to the growth space, road conditions and the like required by the ginkgo root system. In this embodiment, the depth of the tree hole 1 is selected to be 90cm (or any value between 120cm and 90cm-120cm may be selected).

The planting substrate can be roughly understood to have 3 layers, and comprises a pressure bearing layer 2 which is positioned at the bottom of a tree pit 1, wherein the pressure bearing layer 2 is formed by formula soil and filling particles, the volume ratio of the formula soil to the filling particles is 1:9 (any value between 2:9 or 1:9 and 2:9 can be selected), the thickness of the pressure bearing layer 2 is 10 (any value between 20cm or 10cm and 20cm can be selected), and the pressure bearing layer 2 mainly plays a role in bearing the weight and prevents or reduces the sinking of the whole planting system as much as possible. Of course, the bearing layer may be omitted as needed.

The growth layer 3 is positioned on the upper part of the bearing layer 2, the growth layer 2 is formed by a mixture of formula soil and filling particles, and the volume ratio of the formula soil to the filling particles is 8:5 (or any value between 5: 5 or 5: 5 and 8:5 is selected), the thickness of the growth layer 3 is 75cm (or any value between 105cm or 75cm and 105cm is selected), a planting pit 7 for planting the gingko 6 in the growth layer 3 is reserved on the growth layer 3, and the mass water content of the growth layer 3 is 25-40%. The growth layer 3 with the volume ratio of the formula soil to the filling particles of 5-8:5 has proper pores and good air and water permeability, and can provide a growth environment matched with the growth layer for the gingko.

The protective layer 4 is positioned on the upper part of the growth layer 3, the protective layer 4 is formed by filling particles, the thickness of the protective layer 4 is 5cm (any value between 10cm or 5cm-10cm can be selected), and the protective layer can be higher or lower than the height of the pavement 5 according to requirements. The main function of the protective layer 4 is to protect the growth layer 3, i.e. the surface of the tree pit, to prevent the loss of the formulated soil, to avoid the damage of the structure caused by the rolling of the planting substrate, etc. Of course, the pressure bearing layer 4 may be omitted as necessary.

The upper portion of protective layer 4 can also be equipped with plant pit apron layer 11 as required, and plant pit apron layer 11 prefers to use the combination formula plant pit apron that plastics made, easily changes the apron combination, can be fit for different local street tree requirements, and not only level and pleasing to the eye, again anti rolling.

A hollow cylindrical member 8 is disposed in the growth layer 3, and the hollow cylindrical member 8 is filled with a mixture 10 of nutrient solution and loam suitable for the growth of ginkgo biloba. The nutrient solution is the conventional common nutrient suitable for gingko planting, the proportion of the nutrient solution and the loam can be selected according to the actual situation, and the nutrient solution does not form the limitation of the invention, for example, the nutrient solution rich in certain element is added when gingko lacks the element. The hollow columnar member 8 is arranged to slowly seep out the nutrient solution added in the early stage to the planting substrate, and is convenient for injecting various nutrient solutions and medicaments in the later stage, so that the labor and mechanical costs of tree maintenance are greatly reduced, and the load of the planting substrate is increased.

The concrete structure of hollow columnar member 8 is as shown in fig. 2, and hollow columnar member 8 can be the hollow pipe, also can be the vertical line hollow tube, for example octagonal vertical line hollow tube, four corners vertical line hollow tube, hexagonal vertical line hollow tube etc. fig. 2 shows the preferred structure of hollow columnar member 8, promptly for octagonal vertical line hollow tube, its relative conventional hollow pipe has increased the area of contact with planting matrix, is difficult to shift when filling filler particles and loam. The height of the hollow cylindrical member 8 is 200-600mm, preferably 500mm, the thickness of the side wall of the hollow cylindrical member 8 is 1-5mm, preferably 3mm, and the diameter of the hollow cylindrical member 8 is 70-110mm, preferably 95 mm.

The side wall of the hollow cylindrical member 8 is provided with one or more rows of through holes 9 at equal intervals in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the hollow cylindrical member 8. The through hole 9 forms a seepage and drainage maintenance port, and various nutrient solutions and medicaments added into the through hole 9 can slowly seep out. The filling particles in the embodiment are a mixture of the cyan stone particles and the water-retaining agent, the particle size of the cyan stone particles is 3-5cm, the water-retaining agent is ceramsite or perlite, and the volume ratio of the cyan stone particles to the ceramsite/perlite is 5: 2 (any value between 8: 2 or 5: 2 and 8: 2 can be selected); the volume ratio of the formula soil is 1: (1-4) a mixture of compost and loam, which can provide certain nutrients for ginkgo biloba, wherein the compost is decomposed by fermentation of plant wastes, wherein the plant wastes comprise dead branches and fallen leaves, garden waste plants or plant straws; the loam is 0-30cm from the ground surface.

The filling particles have the advantages that raw materials are easy to obtain, the filling particles can be purchased and obtained, the cost is low, the planting matrix can be effectively guaranteed to have proper porosity and air permeability, the breathing of root systems and the absorption of water and fertilizer are facilitated, in addition, the filling particles have strong bearing capacity, the planting matrix can be effectively prevented from being rolled, the structure is prevented from being damaged, and therefore a proper growing environment can be provided for the gingko. The preferable particle diameter of the filler particles is 3 to 5cm, because too large a particle diameter tends to cause loss of water and fertilizer, the planting base material is inferior in water and fertilizer retention, and too small a particle diameter tends to cause inferior air permeability of the planting base material.

The 3-layer structure of the planting substrate has proper porosity and good air permeability and water permeability, can provide a growth environment matched with the planting substrate for the gingko, effectively ensures the healthy growth of the gingko and plays the service role of an urban ecological system for a long time, improves the planting effect of the urban gingko, and improves the economic benefit and the environmental benefit of the urban gingko.

Example 2

With reference to fig. 1, the ginkgo planting method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:

a. excavating a tree pit 1 at a place where gingko 6 is to be planted;

b. paving the bottom of the tree pit 1 with a volume ratio of (1-2):9 and filler particles to form a bearing layer 2,

c. one or more hollow cylindrical members 8 are disposed on the upper portion of the bearing layer 2, and the hollow cylindrical members 8 are filled with a mixture 10 of nutrient solution and loam suitable for the growth of ginkgo biloba. The nutrient solution suitable for the growth of the ginkgo is the conventional common nutrient suitable for the planting of the ginkgo, the proportion of the nutrient solution and the loam can be selected according to the actual situation, and the nutrient solution does not form the limitation of the invention, for example, the nutrient solution rich in certain element is added when the ginkgo lacks the element. The hollow cylindrical member 8 is designed to slowly leak the nutrient solution added at the early stage to the planting substrate, and to inject various nutrient solutions and agents at the later stage, thereby greatly reducing the labor and mechanical costs for tree maintenance and increasing the load of the planting substrate.

d. Laying the pressure bearing layer 2 on the upper part with the volume ratio of (5-8): 5, mixing the formula soil and filling particles to cover the hollow cylindrical part and form a growth layer 3, and reserving a planting pit 7 for planting gingko 6 in the growth layer 3, wherein the mass water content of the growth layer is 25-40%;

e. planting the gingko 6 to be planted in the planting pit 7 and using the volume ratio of (5-8): 5, filling the mixture of the formula soil and the filling particles;

f. the upper part of the growth layer 3 is laid with filler particles to form a protective layer 4.

The filling particles in the embodiment are a mixture of the cyan stone particles and the water-retaining agent, the particle size of the cyan stone particles is 3-5cm, the water-retaining agent is ceramsite or perlite, and the volume ratio of the cyan stone particles to the ceramsite/perlite is (5-8): 2; the volume ratio of the formula soil is 1: (1-4) a mixture of compost and loam, which can provide certain nutrients for ginkgo biloba, wherein the compost is fermented and decomposed by plant wastes, wherein the plant wastes comprise dead branches and fallen leaves, garden waste plants or plant straws; the loam is 0-30cm from the ground surface.

The tree holes 1 dug in the step a are used for accommodating planting matrixes, and the tree holes 1 and the planting matrixes form a growing environment of the gingkoes together. The depth, shape and size of the tree pit 1 can be selected according to actual conditions. The depth of the tree pit 1 is usually 90-120 cm.

The planting substrate can be roughly understood to have 3 layers, the step b obtains a pressure bearing layer 2 which is positioned at the bottom of the tree pit 1, the pressure bearing layer 2 is formed by a mixture of formula soil and filling particles with the volume ratio of (1-2):9, the thickness of the pressure bearing layer 2 is 10-20cm, and the pressure bearing layer mainly plays a role of bearing the weight and prevents or reduces the sinking of the whole tree pit structure as much as possible.

And b, obtaining a growth layer 3 of the planting substrate, wherein the growth layer is positioned on the upper part of the pressure bearing layer 2, and the volume ratio of the growth layer 2 is (5-8): 5 and the filling particles, and the thickness of the growth layer 3 is 75-105 cm. Gingko 6 is planted in a planting pit 7 of a growth layer 3, and after the gingko is planted in the planting pit 7, the volume ratio of the gingko to the planting pit is (5-8): 5 and filling the planting pit 7 with the mixture of the formula soil and the filling particles. The volume ratio of the formula soil to the filling particles is (5-8): the growth layer of 5 has proper pores and good air and water permeability, and can provide a growth environment matched with the growth layer for the gingko.

Step e obtains the protective layer 4 on the upper part of the growth layer 3, the protective layer 4 is formed by filling particles, the thickness of the protective layer 4 is 5-10cm, and the protective layer can be higher or lower than the height of the streets 5 according to requirements. The main functions of the protective layer are to protect the growth layer, i.e. the surface of the tree pit, prevent the loss of the formulated soil, and prevent the damage of the structure caused by the rolling of the planting substrate.

According to actual needs, one or more tree pit cover plates can be laid on the upper portion of the protective layer 4 after the step e to form the tree pit cover plate layer 11, the tree pit cover plate layer 11 is preferably made of plastics, the combination of the cover plates is easy to change, the requirements of different places for the trees in the street can be met, and the tree pit cover plate is flat, attractive and resistant to rolling.

Example 3

The invention also provides another planting method suitable for gingko, which comprises the following steps:

1) providing a planting system as described in example 1;

2) planting ginkgo biloba 6 in a planting pit 7 of a growth layer 3, and using a volume ratio of (5-8): 5, filling the mixture of the formula soil and the filling particles;

3) so that the nutrient solution in the hollow cylindrical member permeates into the growth layer 3.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A planting system for ginkgo biloba comprising:

and (4) tree pits: and

2. The planting system of claim 1, wherein the planting substrate further comprises a pressure bearing layer positioned at the bottom of the tree hole and below the growth layer, the pressure bearing layer being formed of, by volume ratio (1-2):9 and filler particles.

3. The planting system of claim 1, wherein the planting substrate further comprises a protective layer overlying the growth layer, the protective layer being formed from the filler particles.

4. The planting system of claim 1, further comprising a pit cover layer formed by laying a pit cover, the pit cover layer being positioned on an upper portion of the protective layer.

5. The planting system of claim 1, wherein the water retaining agent is ceramsite or perlite, and/or the hollow cylindrical member is an octagonal vertical grain hollow tube.

6. The planting system of claim 1, wherein the octagonal vertical stripe hollow tubes are provided with one or more rows of through holes on their side walls.

7. A planting method suitable for ginkgo biloba, which uses the planting system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:

a. excavating a tree pit at a place where the gingko is to be planted;

8. The planting method of claim 7, further comprising the step b between the steps a and c of: paving the bottom of the tree pit with a volume ratio of (1-2):9 to form a bearing layer, the growth layer being located above the bearing layer;

the following step f is also included after the step e: laying filling particles on the upper part of the growth layer to form a protective layer; the following steps are also included after the step f: and paving a tree pit cover plate on the upper part of the protective layer to form a tree pit cover plate layer.

9. The planting method of claim 8, wherein the water retention agent is ceramsite or perlite, the hollow columnar member is an octagonal vertical grain hollow tube, and the side wall of the octagonal vertical grain hollow tube is provided with one or more rows of through holes.

10. A planting method suitable for gingko is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) providing a planting system as claimed in any one of claims 1-6;