CN1247065C - Technology for controlling deserts by planting in artificial wet lands with internal irrigation - Google Patents
Technology for controlling deserts by planting in artificial wet lands with internal irrigation Download PDFInfo
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- CN1247065C CN1247065C CN 03121721 CN03121721A CN1247065C CN 1247065 C CN1247065 C CN 1247065C CN 03121721 CN03121721 CN 03121721 CN 03121721 A CN03121721 A CN 03121721A CN 1247065 C CN1247065 C CN 1247065C
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Abstract
The inner irrigation type artificial wetland vegetation sand control technology of the present invention belongs to the agricultural water saving technical field. The technology mainly solves the problems that artificial wetlands are not built in drought and desertification areas, water saving agricultural production is not realized, forests are not built, orchards are not cultivated, planting in plastic tunnels is not implemented, and the ecological environment is not improved, and the technology can also used as an auxiliary project for the divert water from the south to the north project. The technical points are that the volume of each wetland is that the upper opening is 100 meters long, 22 meters wide and 3 meters deep; the bottom area is that the bottom is 98 meters long, 20 meters wide and 3 meters deep; polyethylene plastic films are spread on the bottom and the circumference, and sand soil, yellow soil and vegetation soil are respectively filled in the inner part to form a wetland body; a ground well channel is laid on the bottom of the wetland body and both ends of the ground well channel are connected with the ground well, water vapor pipelines are respectively laid in parallel in the vegetation soil at the positions which are 5 meters away from both side edge lines, and the ends of the pipelines are connected with a water vapor pipeline valve; the water vapor pipeline valve is arranged at a position which is 1 meter above the ground, and is perpendicular to the water vapor pipelines. If the wetlands are equipped with water wells and water supplying facilities, the wetlands can become fertile farmlands.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agriculture and forestry water saving vegetation technique, the artificial muskeg desertification control method of particularly a kind of internal irrigation type (hereinafter to be referred as artificial wetland).
Background technology
The artificial muskeg sand control of internal irrigation type technology is sand control development water-saving agriculture, improve the ecological environment, promote the important technical of arid area economic development.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of internal irrigation type artificial muskeg desertification control method, and it may further comprise the steps:
A. use machinery or hand excavation's groove, the bottom is smooth, the compacting after, spread the fine sand compacting; B. along the bottom of groove, lay counterdie and side form respectively all around, and counterdie and side form are bondd mutually; C. fill water storage sand, basic soil and vegetation soil by the order of elder generation's husky back soil, bury the ground hoistway that links to each other with ground well within it underground when the filling water storage is husky, lay aqueous vapor road when filling vegetation soil with hole for water spraying; D. mulch film is being laid then in the ground of pouring water after vegetation soil is filled and led up on the vegetation soil.
Particularly, can on laying is described behind the mulch film, cover cuticula sand; For the ease of protection with manage artificial wetland, can also be on laying mulch film or cover cuticula sand after, four jiaos of places stamp stake at the wetland of building up, according to the stake line along the wetland inside low bank of earth between fields or the concrete field bund beaten suitable for reading.
Its major advantage is:
The present invention has realized underground overlay film soil moisture conservation function, promptly utilize polyethylene plastic film to have character airtight and that do not degrade, pass through the bonding disposable bottom that is embedded in wetland,, constitute the soil moisture conservation system of this wetland all around with the form of top with counterdie, side form, last mulch film.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the artificial wetland sectional schematic diagram of internal irrigation type of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the artificial muskeg sectional schematic diagram of internal irrigation type of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the artificial wetland aqueous vapor of an internal irrigation type of the present invention road generalized section;
Fig. 4 is the artificial wetland vertical view of internal irrigation type of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the artificial wetland of an internal irrigation type of the present invention ground hoistway generalized section.
Description of reference numerals: 1. cuticula sand; 2. along the ridge; 3. stake; 4. go up mulch film; 5. side form; 6. counterdie; 7. aqueous vapor road; 8. hoistway; 9. ground well; 10. vegetation soil; 11. base soil; 12. water storage sand; 13. ground well seat; 14. it is native naturally; 21. red building; 22. diversiform-leaved poplar; 23. cypress; 24. willow; 31. fire hydrant; 33. infiltration sandpipe; 34. cement plug; 35. hole for water spraying.
Embodiment
One, artificial wetland structure title of internal irrigation type and function
1. cuticula sand
Be laid on above the mulch film 4, thickness is the sandy soil of 20-30cm.Be used to protect mulch film 4 to exempt from nature or artificial damage, and the effect that prevents the wetland water evaporates is arranged.
2. along the ridge
The cement ridge of wetland periphery.Be used to define wetland area and shape, and the effect of protection wetland is arranged.
3. stake
Be used to show every technical parameter of wetland, scope, the degree of depth, time of completion and the accurate location of expression wetland.
4. go up mulch film
Be laid on the polyethylene plastic film below the cuticula husky 1, thickness (1-1.5) micron is used to prevent the natural evaporation of wetland moisture.
5. side form
Be laid on wetland body polyethylene plastic film all around, thickness (1-1.5) micron is used to prevent the horizontal loss of moisture in the wetland.
6. counterdie
Be laid on the polyethylene plastic film of wetland bottom, thickness (1-1.5) micron is used to prevent the downward seepage of moisture in the wetland.
7. aqueous vapor road
Be embedded in the composite cementation water pipe in the muskeg soil.(seeing figure one, figure three)
8. hoistway
Be embedded in the husky ash concrete pipe of infiltration of wetland bottom, be used in time getting rid of the excessive moisture in the wetland.
9. ground well
Perpendicular to the pipe of cement of ground hoistway terminal, diameter is 50cm, is used to observe the subterranean water level in the wetland, is the main water supply and sewage passage of wetland.
10. vegetation soil
Be laid on the soil about the 1m of mulch film bottom, be mainly used in cultivation of plants.
11. base soil
Be laid on the filling soil below the vegetation soil, thickness is decided according to the effect of wetland.
12. water storage sand
Be laid on the sandy soil of wetland bottom, general thickness is used to store the moisture of wetland between 1m-1.5m.
Two, the artificial wetland general introduction of internal irrigation type
1. artificial wetland shape
The artificial wetland body shape of the artificial muskeg desertification control method of internal irrigation type of the present invention is: longitudinal and transverse cross section is trapezoidal, and the degree of depth is 3 meters, and is suitable for reading wide 20 meters, and long 100 meters, 18 meters of following bottom width, long 98 meters cuboid.Body lower floor is a sand, and the middle level is loess or clay, and the upper strata is the rich soil that is used to plant, and this paper is called vegetation soil.
2. the water drainage-supply system of artificial wetland
Burying the diameter of being made by concrete underground in layer of sand soil bottom is the sand-lime pipe that 50cm has good gas permeability.This paper claims ground hoistway 8.Be provided with ground well 9 at ground hoistway 8 two ends, and link to each other with ground hoistway 8.Being mainly used in moisture in the sand can in time enter and be convenient to discharge excessive moisture in the sand-lime pipe.Be embedded with grey composite metal plastic pipe in the middle and upper part of vegetation soil.(this paper claims aqueous vapor road 7) this pipeline outside is that diameter is the sand-lime pipe of 30cm good air permeability, and wall thickness is 5cm, is provided with diameter 10cm in the sand-lime pipe, wall thickness is the vinyl tube of 5mm.At plastic tube horizontal plane 45 degree places, stamp the water spray pore of one group of 10mm every 1.5-2 rice position, each group 4-6 hole, utilize this structure with aqueous vapor in plastic tube is injected into the sand-lime pipe, aqueous vapor is utilized sand-lime pipe excellent permeability soil conveying moisture or air towards periphery, ensures that wetland has good soil moisture content.
3. the soil moisture conservation system of artificial wetland
Is the polyethylene plastic film of one in wetland body bottom with all being equipped with through secure bond all around, and thickness is (1-1.5) micron.Be covered with common agricultural mulching above the body, be stamped the thick sandy soil of 20-30cm above the agricultural mulching with the protection mulch film.The periphery of wetland body is provided with polyethylene plastic film to be used to keep moisture in the wetland to be difficult for evaporation or to run off.Constitute the soil moisture conservation system of wetland.
4. the oxygen guarantee of artificial wetland
The wetland body is by the bigger climatic variation of arid area daytime, the night temperature difference and go up the imprecision of ground membrane closure, finishes gas exchange in the soil by the phenomenon of expanding with heat and contract with cold of body self, in case of necessity also can be by the aqueous vapor road to underground gas injection.
5. service life of artificial wetland
Adopt not degrading polyethylene plastics and cement bonded sand putty material owing to build artificial wetland, and in the underground oxidation Decomposition that is difficult for.If not circuitous artificial destruction can be used more than 100 years continuously.
Three, the artificial wetland operation principle of internal irrigation type
Last mulch film 4, side form 5, counterdie 6 constitute the water retention system of artificial wetland.Aqueous vapor road 7, ground well 9, hoistway 8 constitute the water drainage-supply system of artificial wetland, according to needs and the changes of seasons of vegetation,, guarantee the normal growth of plant by the soil moisture content that supplies water or draining is regulated vegetation soil.Artificial wetland is by the locality variation of the weather temperature difference round the clock, in conjunction with the rising-heat contracting-cold phenomenon of self, utilize on the plant root the imprecision of membrane closure, realize the gas exchange of soil.Also available in case of necessity hair-dryer is dried in aqueous vapor road 7 and is implemented the tonifying Qi operation.When wetland plant generation damage by disease and insect, can be by aqueous vapor road 7 to underground perfusion liquid pesticide and liquid fertilizer.
Four, the planning of the artificial wetland of internal irrigation type and construction
1. the artificial wetland of planning construction will be according to the law and the policy of country, plan according to the different purposes and the scale of building to consider also simultaneously whether landform is smooth, land quality, soil nature, water source, traffic, communication, the guarantee situation of electric power and the needs of building Sha Qu cities and towns, development characteristic economy.
2. build the artificial wetland of internal irrigation type and should adhere to following steps
1. on-the-spot reconnaissance requires to carry out prospective design according to the overall planning of building, to the effect that the supply situation of the degree of depth of landform, geology, total area, subterranean water level, earth surface water source, maximum wind power, wind direction, year the highest minimum air temperature, light application time and the local masses' cultural moral attainment, environmental consciousness, law and discipline idea etc.
2. organizing construction's (is example to build the shelterbelt wetland) the first slots.According to the wetland purposes, according to the requirement of construction drawing, with machinery or hand excavation's groove, the gradient coefficient of end mouth is 0.33, and the degree of depth is 3m, width 20m suitable for reading, bottom width 18m, ditch flute length 100m, and the bottom is smooth, compacting, the fine sand compacting of then spreading 20cm.The second, overlay film.With degrading polyethylene plastics film not, thickness is (1-1.5) micron, amplify 5% by floor space when laying counterdie 6, then with counterdie 6 and side form 5 bondings, overlapping width is 10cm, overlapping bonds with plastic cement, and positive and negative cements with adhesive tape again, and each secondary plastic foil is all used above-mentioned way bonding when laying side form 5.
3. banket and fill according to the order of elder generation's husky back soil.Bury ground hoistway 8 when water storage sand 12 is filled into 20cm on the groove longitudinal axis underground, the ground hoistway is internal diameter 50cm, and the infiltration cement sandpipe of wall thickness 6cm is suitably used concrete strengthening in the bottom when laying the ground hoistway.Interface is wanted firmly with cementitious, form cement plug 34, after completing base soil 11, fill out the 30cm vegetation soil 10 air flue pedestal of then fetching water again and lay aqueous vapor road 7, aqueous vapor road 7 specifications: sand-lime pipe 33 internal diameter 30cm, wall thickness is 5cm, laying diameter in the pipe is 100mm, and thickness is the vinyl tube of 5mm, and above the horizon beats 10mm hole for water spraying 35 in 45 degree places at this pipe, pitch-row is 150mm, every group six hole, group is apart from being 1.5-2 rice, 7 upper edges, aqueous vapor road are controlled at 40-50cm in last mulch film and are advisable, should do once infiltration experiment after aqueous vapor road 7 lays, the not smooth pipeline of infiltration is answered complement hole for water spraying 35.
4. pour water with oozing after vegetation soil is filled and led up, should irritate water again one time, when vegetation soil soil moisture content was in optimum state, then to cover thickness be 20-30cm cuticula sand 1 to mulch film 4 in the laying.
5. staking is after wetland is built up, in time play a cuboid concrete stake 3, specification for four jiaos suitable for reading: long 1m, wide 10cm at wetland, stake main mark content: wetland numbering, this ground coordinate, time of completion, wetland area, the degree of depth, so that use and manage.
6. beat along the ridge 2 according to stake line along the wetland inside wide 50cm that makes a call to suitable for reading, the high 40cm low bank of earth between fields or concrete field bund 2 are with effective protection wetland.
Note:
If build agricultural wetland, cuticula sand is not laid by the superiors, and mulch film will be used the degradable disponsable plastic foil, and the wetland degree of depth can be adjusted about 1.5m, if build the plastic tunnel wetland, the degree of depth gets final product about 1m.
3. the maintenance and management of wetland
The Nursing Administrator is in nurse forest or crops while, more to pay attention to nursing wetland, make the wetland facility often be in serviceable condition,, carry out current check according to the vegetation needs, its content is: one, whether vegetation soil soil moisture content is good, two, whether well head is tight-closed, and three, whether the aqueous vapor road close, be strictly on guard against in the ground well or have silt or foreign material to stop up in the aqueous vapor road, ground along the ridge or stake whether intact, last mulch film 4 and cuticula sand prevent to damage for fetching earth because of the people.
4. the operation of wetland
1. draining is when the excessive harm plant growing of tired wetland water content, use water pump in the ground well to extracardiac pumping, reduce the wetland water level, make soil moisture content reach standard.
2. pour water operation when the wetland arid need be poured water, should in time adopt water supply plant, through the aqueous vapor road junction to underground flooding till soil moisture content is suitable.
When 3. dispenser fertilising is when plant generation damage by disease and insect or because of the fertilizer deficiency poor growth, can utilize chance to underground flooding by the aqueous vapor pipe to underground fluid injection attitude agricultural chemicals and the chemical fertilizer executed.
5. the prevention of several situations and processing
1. going up mulch film 4, side form 5, counterdie 6 is piths that wetland prevents water evaporates or loss, forbids to fetch earth in wetland, digs a well, drills, in order to avoid plastic foil is damaged influence soil moisture conservation effect.
2. protection ground is along the ridge 2 and stake 3, finds to have to damage and lose, even should repair and replenish.
3. prevent that ground well and aqueous vapor road foreign material from stopping up, when to underground flooding, should fully purify and filter, forbid containing husky water and directly enter in ground well or the aqueous vapor road that silt up preventing, well head and aqueous vapor road junction should be in the complete closed state usually.When ground well and aqueous vapor road occurring and silt up, use tubule footpath slush pump and clean, should excavate in case of necessity and reset.
6. the title of material and specification
1. plastic foil is a vinyon, and thickness is (1-1.5) micron
2. hoistway 8, ground well 9 are porous cement sand tube, and diameter is 50cm, and thickness is 6cm
3. aqueous vapor road 7 is a multiple tube, and interior pipe is a vinyon, and diameter 100mm, wall thickness are 5mm, and outer tube is a porous cement sand tube, and internal diameter is 30cm, and wall thickness is 5cm.
4. stake 3 is long 1m, the concrete stake of wide 10cm
Claims (8)
1. artificial muskeg desertification control method of internal irrigation type is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
A. use machinery or hand excavation's groove, the bottom is smooth, the compacting after, spread the fine sand compacting;
B. along the bottom of groove, lay counterdie (6) and side form (5) respectively all around, and counterdie and side form are bondd mutually;
C. fill water storage sand (12), basic soil (11) and vegetation soil (10) by the order of elder generation's husky back soil, bury the ground hoistway (8) that links to each other with ground well (9) when filling water storage sand (12) within it underground, lay aqueous vapor road (7) when filling vegetation soil (10) with hole for water spraying (35);
D. mulch film (4) is laid on the ground of pouring water after vegetation soil (10) is filled and led up then on vegetation soil (10).
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: behind the mulch film (4), cover cuticula sand (1) on laying is described.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: when burying ground hoistway (8) underground, and its bottom concrete strengthening.
4. profit requires 1 or 2 described methods, it is characterized in that: after laying described aqueous vapor road (7), do the infiltration experiment, to the not smooth position complement hole for water spraying (35) of infiltration.
5. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: at mulch film (4) in the laying or after covering cuticula sand (1), locate to stamp stake (3) for four jiaos at the wetland of building up, rule along the wetland inside low bank of earth between fields or the concrete field bund beaten suitable for reading according to stake (3).
6. claim 1 or 2 described methods, it is characterized in that: described counterdie (6), side form (5) and last mulch film (4) are the polyethylene plastic film of 1-1.5 micron thickness.
7. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described ground hoistway (8) is the husky ash concrete pipe of infiltration.
8. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described aqueous vapor road (7) is the composite cementation water pipe, comprises infiltration sandpipe (33) and the plastic tube in the infiltration sandpipe, and described hole for water spraying (35) is arranged on the described plastic tube.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03121721 CN1247065C (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2003-03-14 | Technology for controlling deserts by planting in artificial wet lands with internal irrigation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03121721 CN1247065C (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2003-03-14 | Technology for controlling deserts by planting in artificial wet lands with internal irrigation |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200610008425 Division CN1864455A (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2003-03-14 | Interior irrigation type water-saving plant vegetation method for geosyncline |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1530004A CN1530004A (en) | 2004-09-22 |
| CN1247065C true CN1247065C (en) | 2006-03-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 03121721 Expired - Fee Related CN1247065C (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2003-03-14 | Technology for controlling deserts by planting in artificial wet lands with internal irrigation |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101731120B (en) * | 2008-11-15 | 2011-09-14 | 棕榈园林股份有限公司 | Drainage method in planting technique |
| CN102308688A (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2012-01-11 | 北京仁创科技集团有限公司 | Desert planting structure, desert soil amendment method and planting method |
| CN106888787A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-27 | 司常青 | Aquatic crops dry-land cultivation new technology |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101851913B (en) * | 2010-06-12 | 2012-04-25 | 国瑞和(北京)投资有限公司 | Method for controlling desert and equipment thereof |
| CN105165166A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-12-23 | 李元 | Non-pollution desertification control method for desert area |
| CN105532228A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-05-04 | 李积山 | Water-saving planting method for sand-binding green plants |
| CN106105695A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-16 | 中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所 | Heliogreenhouse water-saving fertilizer-saving infiltration irrigation technology |
-
2003
- 2003-03-14 CN CN 03121721 patent/CN1247065C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101731120B (en) * | 2008-11-15 | 2011-09-14 | 棕榈园林股份有限公司 | Drainage method in planting technique |
| CN102308688A (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2012-01-11 | 北京仁创科技集团有限公司 | Desert planting structure, desert soil amendment method and planting method |
| CN102308688B (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2013-08-07 | 北京仁创科技集团有限公司 | Desert planting structure, desert soil amendment method and planting method |
| CN106888787A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-27 | 司常青 | Aquatic crops dry-land cultivation new technology |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1530004A (en) | 2004-09-22 |
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