CN101622931B - Greening sloping surface for rock side slope facing wall and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The greening slope of the rock slope protection wall and its construction method, the said protection wall is provided with through plant holes, and the plant holes correspond to the pre-set on the rock slope for plant There is a cavity for root growth, and there is a plant substrate in the cavity; a water storage tank that can store water is arranged below the bottom of the plant hole, gravel is installed in the tank, and the gravel is covered with a water-permeable geotextile; A diversion ditch is provided on the surface of the protective wall to divert water to the plant hole; a drain hole penetrating the protective wall is provided below the plant hole, and the drain hole communicates with the water storage tank. The invention of the method has the function of collecting water, the slope is stable, and the construction is simple and convenient.

Description

Greening Slope Surface and Construction Method of Rock Slope Protective Wall

(1) Technical field

The invention relates to a green slope surface of a rock slope protection wall and a construction method.

(2) Background technology

In recent years, with the construction and development of my country's "five vertical and seven horizontal" national highways, western inter-provincial passages, and national expressway networks, the total mileage of my country's highways has increased significantly. , vegetation destruction on the hillside, and soil loss have brought a certain degree of impact on the road construction area, brought considerable difficulties and pressure to the protection of the ecological environment and land resources, and added to the sustainable development of transportation infrastructure. Many disadvantages. Therefore, in the rapid and healthy development of highways, ecological protection and slope greening technologies are becoming more and more important.

Especially rocky slopes, high-hardness soil slopes, and steep slopes have no conditions for plant growth. For these slopes, planting concrete is generally used for greening. The method is to hang a net on the rocky slope first, and then use a specific formula of planting concrete containing grass seeds to spray it on the rocky slope with spray anchor mechanical equipment and technology. After the planting concrete is set on the rock slope, the grass grows from it and covers the slope. Due to the slope, especially the steep rocky slope, the soil layer is barren, water is not easy to save, and it is difficult for plants to take root and germinate.

In addition, due to rocky slopes and steep slopes, the self-supporting conditions of the slopes are poor, and the degree of weathering of the rock and soil is relatively serious, so it is often necessary to set up a protective wall for reinforcement. If the strip-shaped and large-area protective wall is exposed on the hillside, ecological environmental problems such as damage to the skin grafting on the hillside and soil loss will occur to a large extent. Therefore, it is very important to implement greening treatment on the retaining wall.

(3) Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problem that plants are difficult to grow due to the lack of soil layer and difficult water preservation in the existing rocky slope, the present invention proposes a greening slope of the rocky slope protection wall and a construction method thereof.

The greening slope surface of the rock slope protection wall of the present invention includes a protection wall 1 covering the surface of the rock formation, and is characterized in that: the said protection wall is provided with through plant holes, and the said plants The hole corresponds to the cavity pre-set on the rock slope for the growth of plant roots, and there is a vegetation substrate in the cavity; a water storage tank that can store water is arranged below the bottom of the plant hole, and the water storage tank is equipped with There are crushed stones covered with water-permeable geotextiles; the surface of the protective wall is provided with a diversion ditch leading to the plant hole; a drain hole through the protective wall is provided under the plant hole, The drain hole communicates with the water storage tank.

The construction method of the green slope surface of the rock slope protection wall is as follows: (1) on the excavated slope, it is consistent with the layout interval of the retaining wall weep holes 9, and the cavity 3 of a certain size is excavated; (2) ) the bottom of the cavity 3, pouring the water storage tank 8; (3) filling the water storage tank 8 with gravel 11; (4) paving the water-permeable geotextile 13; (5) setting out and measuring the construction of the protective wall 1; ( 6) Fix the PVC pipe φ150 of the plant hole 6 and the φ100 PVC pipe of the drain hole 9. Note that the slope of the plant hole 6 is set towards the inside; (7) pour or build the protective wall 1, if the protective wall 1 is The mortared retaining wall needs to be plastered; (8) diversion ditch 7 is set on the surface of the protective wall 1, and the construction procedure should be implemented when the concrete or mortar has not hardened; (9) the protective surface The concrete pouring of the wall top of wall 1, the setting of side ditch 10, the installation setting of other ancillary facilities; On the chassis 15 of the plastic product, put the planting base material 12 into the overcoat 14, sow the seeds and cultivate; (11) the plant root system 4 faces in the plant hole 6, puts the plant 5 that has been cultivated into the plant hole 6, and Remove the overcoat 14, and fill the gap of the plant hole 6 with the prepared cultivation soil as required; (12) water the appropriate amount of water toward the plant hole 6; (13) compact around the plant hole 6; (14) plant 5 Survive within a day, and then spread and grow on the wall.

According to the greening slope and construction method of the rock slope protective wall of the present invention, the described protective wall is a newly built or reconstructed concrete structure, and the described greening technology is to cultivate some on the slope protective surface, which can be easily And long-term spreading plants on the concrete wall.

The technical idea of the present invention is as follows: firstly lay out cavities at a certain interval on the rocky slope, and the cavities can be used for the growth of plant roots and have a certain space size. Before the concrete protective wall is cast, a plant hole is reserved in the horizontal direction of the cavity, and the plant hole runs through the protective wall. After the concrete protective wall is cast, the seedlings cultivated indoors are put into the plant holes together with the cultivation soil. The surface of the protective wall is provided with a diversion ditch that flows to the plant hole. When it rains, the water is collected and stored in the water storage tank. After the water storage tank is full, the excess water can overflow and be drained from the drainage hole. At the bottom of the cavity, a water storage tank is installed to collect and store a certain amount of water when it rains, so as to supply necessary water for plants for a long time.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: to make plants grow on the surface of the protective wall, and have the functions of collecting water and storing water, so that the roots of plants can live long in the rock layer, and the seedlings of plants can live long outward from the plant holes, and in the The surface of the cladding wall is spread.

(4) Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a ditch with the functions of collecting and storing water.

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of the plant hole bottom.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cultivated seedlings.

Fig. 5 is a greening status diagram on the surface of the protective wall after the installation of the device of the present invention.

(5) Specific implementation methods

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

With reference to Fig. 1: the slope surface greening and construction method of rock slope protective wall, described protective wall 1 is the excavated side slope covering various soft rock formations, medium weathered rock formations or relatively broken rocks, free from natural conditions Walls built under the influence of various factors, including mortar retaining walls and concrete retaining walls in highway engineering and civil engineering. The protective wall 1 is mostly used for easily weathered chlorite schist, argillaceous face rock, phyllite, mica schist, and soft rock formations and relatively broken rock formations 2 with heavy weathering. In road construction and town planning and construction in mountainous areas, most of the rocky areas need to use the protective wall for slope protection and reinforcement.

The retaining wall 1 does not bear other loads except its own weight, nor does it bear the soil pressure on the back of the wall, so the slope to be protected should meet the requirements of the ultimate stable slope, and the slope should not be steeper than 1:0.5. The foundation of the retaining wall 1 should be embedded in a stable foundation, and the embedding depth should be determined according to geological conditions. Generally, the buried depth is more than 1.0m, and the frozen area should be no less than 0.25m below the frozen depth.

Cavities 3 at certain intervals are arranged on the rocky slope, and the cavities 3 can grow plant roots 4 and have a certain space size. The cross-sectional size of the cavity 3 is considered to be a rectangular structure with a length of 0.40m x a width of 0.40m x a height of 0.40m, and the depth can generally be appropriately widened and heightened according to the 5 types of plants. Before the mortar or concrete protective wall is cast, a plant hole 6 is reserved in the horizontal direction of the cavity 3 to penetrate the protective wall 1 .

The size of the plant hole 6 must consider the growth of the plant 5, and the cross-sectional shape is set to a circular plastic tube with an inner diameter of 0.15m. The circular plastic pipe adopts drainage PVC pipe with sufficient compressive strength and easy cutting. Because the thickness of the protective wall 1 is not equal, the length of the plant hole 6 is also consistent with the thickness of the protective wall 1 according to the setting position of the plant hole 6 at the protective wall 1. The plant hole 6 is set with an inner flow gradient of 1:15-20, mainly to consider that the water in the diversion ditch 7 can enter the plant hole 6 and flow to the water storage tank 8 for storage.

As shown in Figure 1-2, the wall should be close to the slope, and a 2cm-wide expansion joint should be installed every 10-15m, and weep holes 9 should be set every 2-3m, with a diameter of 10cm. Weephole 9 adopts PVC pipe, and the surface water infiltrated from the hillside surface flows to the wall back of face protection wall 1 during rainfall, and can be discharged outside the wall through weephole 9, and utilizes gutter 10 to collect and drain.

Referring to Fig. 2-3: the surface of the protective wall is provided with a diversion ditch 7 flowing to the plant hole 6. The diversion ditch 7 is triangular, and when the wall surface of the protective wall is constructed, a triangular wooden strip is put into the surface of the protective wall 1 . When the retaining wall 1 is a concrete retaining wall, triangular wooden strips should be fixed on the formwork of the retaining wall; when the retaining wall is a mortar retaining wall, the surface of the retaining wall must be plastered, and then the wall surface shall be jointed. For pointing, use M7.5 mortar to mark out the diversion ditch 7 protruding from the surface of the retaining wall to a certain depth. The diversion ditch 7 should not be very deep, generally 1 to 2 cm.

When the protective wall 1 is concrete, the angle of diversion ditch 7 on the wall surface is set to 45°, which is beneficial to the collection of rainfall and points to the plant hole 6. When the protective wall 1 is made of mortar, the diversion ditch 7 is provided with a slope of 1:10-15 in the horizontal direction of the wall.

The bottom of the cavity 3 is set to collect water flow during rainfall and store it in the water storage tank 8. After the water storage tank 8 is full, it can overflow and be discharged from the drain hole. The water storage tank 8 is trapezoidal, and is poured by concrete before the protective wall construction. The size of the water storage tank 8 can be determined according to actual conditions, generally adopting L300*B300*H200. In order to ensure that the rainwater is stored in the water storage tank 8, after the water storage tank 8 is cast, gravel 11 with a diameter of 2-6 cm is put into it.

A plant hole 6 of a certain size is reserved at a suitable position of the protective wall 1 , and a plant substrate 12 is placed in the plant hole 6 , and the green plants 5 can be rooted in the substrate 12 . After the protective wall 1 is cast, the plants 5 (seedlings) cultivated indoors are put into the plant holes 6 together with the plant growth substrate 12 .

When the rainfall collected in the plant hole 6 and exceeded the water storage capacity of the water tank 8, a part of the water (when the rainfall was not large) passed through the permeable geotextile 13 and flowed to the drain hole below to get rid of; the other part ( When rainfall is bigger) also can directly flow out by plant hole 6. In order to prevent the plants in the plant hole 6 from being washed out of the hole, the inboard slope of the plant hole 6 should not be too small, and should be considered at 1:10～15 as far as possible. The permeable geotextile 13 is laid on the top of the crushed stone 11, not only the gap between the particles of the crushed stone 11 can accommodate a large amount of rainwater, but also the vegetation substrate 12 will not enter the water storage tank 8 and block the gap of the crushed stone 11, thereby improving and ensuring the storage capacity. The water storage capacity of tank 8.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the planting substrate 12 is a cultivation soil that is beneficial to the growth of the plants 6 , and appropriate soil conditioners and slow-acting fertilizers are added to the cultivation soil 12 . When the plant seedlings were cultivated in the vegetation cultivation site, the PVC pipe was used as the overcoat 14, and the overcoat 14 was placed on the chassis 15 of the plastic product. The kind of plant 5 must be selected according to the following principles: (1) preferentially select local vegetation species; Pili and so on.

Referring to FIG. 5 : the plant holes 6 are cross-arranged on the protective wall 1 , and the drain holes are below the plant holes 6 . After the seedlings of the plants are cultivated indoors, they are put into the reserved plant holes 6, and the water and nutrients for plant growth are ensured at the bottom of the plant holes 6, and the surface greening can be carried out on the protective wall, and at the same time, road construction and town planning and construction can be improved. The problems of skin graft damage and soil loss after excavation have fundamentally solved the technical difficulties of greening on steep rocky slopes and barren soil layers, and protected the ecological environment and land resources.

In summary, the green slope surface of the rock slope protective wall of the present invention includes a protective wall 1 covering the surface of the rock formation, and the plant hole 6 through which is opened on the described protective wall 1. The plant hole 6 corresponds to the cavity 3 pre-set on the rocky slope for the growth of plant roots, and the cavity 3 has a plant substrate 12; the bottom of the plant hole 6 is arranged below the bottom to store water There is a water storage tank 8 in which gravel 11 is housed, and the gravel 11 is covered with a water-permeable geotextile 13; the surface of the protective wall 1 is provided with a diversion ditch for diversion to the plant hole 6 7. A drain hole 9 is provided below the plant hole 6 through the protective wall, and the drain hole 9 communicates with the water storage tank 8 .

The construction method of the green slope surface of the rock slope protection wall is as follows: (1) on the excavated slope, it is consistent with the layout interval of the retaining wall weep holes 9, and the cavity 3 of a certain size is excavated; (2) ) the bottom of the cavity 3, pouring the water storage tank 8; (3) filling the water storage tank 8 with gravel 11; (4) paving the water-permeable geotextile 13; (5) setting out and measuring the construction of the protective wall 1; ( 6) Fix the PVC pipe φ150 of the plant hole 6 and the φ100 PVC pipe of the drain hole 9. Note that the slope of the plant hole 6 is set towards the inside; (7) pour or build the protective wall 1, if the protective wall 1 is The mortared retaining wall needs to be plastered; (8) diversion ditch 7 is set on the surface of the protective wall 1, and the construction procedure should be implemented when the concrete or mortar has not hardened; (9) the protective surface The concrete pouring of the wall top of wall 1, the setting of side ditch 10, the installation setting of other ancillary facilities; On the chassis 15 of the plastic product, put the planting base material 12 into the overcoat 14, sow the seeds and cultivate; (11) the plant root system 4 faces in the plant hole 6, puts the plant 5 that has been cultivated into the plant hole 6, and Remove the overcoat 14, and fill the gap of the plant hole 6 with the prepared cultivation soil as required; (12) water the appropriate amount of water toward the plant hole 6; (13) compact around the plant hole 6; (14) plant 5 Survive within a day, and then spread and grow on the wall.

The content described in the embodiments of this specification is only an enumeration of the implementation forms of the inventive concept. The protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as limited to the specific forms stated in the embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention also extends to the field Equivalent technical means that the skilled person can think of based on the concept of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. the greening of rocky slope facing wall is domatic; Comprise the facing wall that covers rock layer surface; It is characterized in that: the plant hole that has perforation on the described facing wall; Described plant hole has in the described cavity and plants living base material corresponding to being arranged on cavity on the rocky slope, that be used for plant root growth in advance; The arranged beneath of bottom, said plant hole can be preserved the hopper of moisture content, and rubble is housed in the hopper, is coated with the water penetration geotextiles on the rubble; The surface of said facing wall is provided with the curb to described plant hole water conservancy diversion; Below, plant hole is provided with the spilled water hole that connects facing wall, and described spilled water hole is communicated with described hopper.

2. the domatic construction method of the greening of rocky slope facing wall as claimed in claim 1 is following:

(1) on the side slope behind the excavation, consistent with the arrangement interval of barricade spilled water hole, the cavity of excavation certain size;

(2) hopper is built in the bottom in cavity;

(3) fill up rubble at hopper;

(4) the water penetration geotextiles that paves;

(5) construction lofting of facing wall and survey are established;

(6) the fixing pvc pipe φ 100 of the pvc pipe φ 150 in plant hole, spilled water hole, the gradient of noting the plant hole be setting towards the inboard;

(7) build or build by laying bricks or stones facing wall, if facing wall need be wiped one's face to metope for grouting retaining wall;

(8) on the surface of facing wall curb is set, this operational procedure should be implemented jointing when concrete or mortar are also unhardened;

(9) the wall top concreting of facing wall, the setting of gutter, the installation setting of other affiliated facilities;

(10) seedling of plant is cultivated, and this operation is cultivated the place vegetation and implemented, and carries out simultaneously with the front operation, above the chassis that is mounted on plastic products outward, will plant living base material and put into overcoat, and the sowing seed is also cultivated;

(11) root system of plant is put into the plant hole with cultivating good plant, and is removed overcoat in the plant hole, and the cultivation soil of available preparation is filled up the space in plant hole as required;

(12) the suitable water yield of pouring toward the plant hole;

(13) to carrying out compacting around the plant hole;

(14) plant became to live in a couple of days, can grow at the metope vertical spread subsequently.

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