CN113508699A

CN113508699A - Planting system and method suitable for southern magnolia

Info

Publication number: CN113508699A
Application number: CN202010217920.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 严巍; 胡永红; 杨瑞卿
Original assignee: SHANGHAI GREENING MANAGEMENT GUIDANCE STATION
Current assignee: SHANGHAI GREENING MANAGEMENT GUIDANCE STATION
Priority date: 2020-03-25
Filing date: 2020-03-25
Publication date: 2021-10-19

Abstract

The invention provides a planting system and a planting method suitable for southern magnolia, wherein the planting system comprises tree pits and a planting matrix, and the planting matrix comprises: the lower layer is positioned at the bottom of the tree pit and is formed by mixing the components in a volume ratio of (1-2): 9, a mixture of the formula soil and the filler particles; an intermediate layer located on the upper portion of the lower layer, the intermediate layer being formed from (4-5): 5, a planting pit for planting magnolia grandiflora is reserved in the mixture of the formula soil and the filling particles, and the mass water content of the middle layer is 65-75%; and an upper layer located on an upper portion of the intermediate layer, the upper layer being formed of filler particles. The 3-layer structure of the planting substrate has proper porosity and good air permeability and water permeability, is beneficial to the respiration of a root system and the absorption of water and fertilizer, and can provide a growth environment matched with the magnolia grandiflora.

Description

Planting system and method suitable for southern magnolia

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of urban road landscaping, in particular to a planting system and a planting method suitable for magnolia grandiflora.

Background

The urban street tree is an important component of urban plants and plays a significant role in an urban ecosystem. The soil is used as a medium for plant growth and a supplier of nutrients, and the excellent characteristics of the soil are key factors for good growth of street trees. With the rapid development of cities, the land utilization structure is greatly changed, and the original natural landscape is gradually changed into a concrete road and a large number of artificial buildings. Urban soil has the characteristics of large time and space variability, numerous artificial additives, disordered soil profile structure and development form, denatured soil physical structure, disturbed soil nutrient circulation and soil biological activity, high pollution and the like, and the adverse characteristics obstruct the normal development of urban greening street tree roots, so that the street trees cannot normally perform physiological activities such as water balance, gas exchange, energy transfer and the like, grow weakly and are easy to die.

Magnolia grandiflora is commonly used for beautifying tree species, has smoke resistance and wind resistance, has strong resistance to toxic gases such as sulfur dioxide and the like, and can be used for purifying air and protecting the environment. However, the inventor of the present application finds that, when the southern magnolia is used for urban greening, the structure of the planting system cannot be matched with the growth requirement of the southern magnolia, which easily causes the conditions of poor growth, premature senility or death of the southern magnolia; in addition bear the reason such as rolling of pedestrian or vehicle, the peripheral soil of southern magnolia root system can excessively be compacted, leads to soil porosity to reduce, and soil gas permeability, moisture permeability reduce, and the penetrating resistance of southern magnolia root system increases, is unfavorable for the growth of southern magnolia more.

Therefore, those skilled in the art are devoted to develop a planting system and a planting method suitable for magnolia grandiflora, which can improve the management effect of magnolia grandiflora growth conditions, improve the growth quality of magnolia grandiflora, and fully play the service role of the urban ecosystem of magnolia grandiflora.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above disadvantages of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a planting system and a planting method suitable for magnolia grandiflora, which are used to solve the problems that the existing planting system is not suitable for the growth requirement of magnolia grandiflora, has small porosity and poor water and air permeability.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a planting system suitable for magnolia grandiflora, comprising:

and (4) tree pits: and

a planting substrate comprising:

the lower layer is positioned at the bottom of the tree pit and is formed by mixing the components in a volume ratio of (1-2): 9, a mixture of the formula soil and the filler particles;

an intermediate layer located on the upper portion of the lower layer, the intermediate layer being formed from (4-5): 5, a planting pit for planting magnolia grandiflora is reserved in the mixture of the formula soil and the filling particles, and the mass water content of the middle layer is 65-75%; and

an upper layer located on an upper portion of the intermediate layer, the upper layer being formed of filler particles;

wherein, the filling particles are prepared from (5-8): 2 and a water-retaining agent, wherein the particle size of the cyan stone particles is 3-5 cm; the formula soil is a mixture of compost and loam.

Preferably, the depth of the tree pit is 90-120cm, the thickness of the lower layer is 10-20cm, and the thickness of the upper layer is 5-10 cm.

Preferably, the water-retaining agent is ceramsite and/or perlite.

Preferably, the tree pit cover plate layer is paved by a tree pit cover plate and is positioned at the upper part of the upper layer.

Preferably, one or more hollow cylinders are further arranged in the middle layer, and the hollow cylinders are filled with a mixture of nutrient solution and loam suitable for the growth of southern magnolia.

Preferably, the hollow column is a vertical-grain hollow tube, more preferably an octagonal vertical-grain hollow tube.

Preferably, the side wall of the vertical hollow tube is provided with one or more rows of through holes, and the through holes are distributed along the direction parallel to the axial direction of the vertical hollow tube.

The invention also provides a planting method suitable for southern magnolia, which uses the planting system and comprises the following steps:

a. digging a tree pit at a place where magnolia grandiflora is to be planted;

b. paving the bottom of the tree pit with a volume ratio of (1-2): 9 to form a lower layer,

c. laying the upper part of the lower layer with a volume ratio of (4-5): 5 to form an intermediate layer, reserving planting pits for planting magnolia grandiflora therein in the intermediate layer, wherein the mass water content of the intermediate layer is 65-75%;

d. planting southern magnolia to be planted in the planting pits and using the volume ratio of (4-5): 5, filling the mixture of the formula soil and the filling particles;

e. laying filler particles on the upper part of the middle layer to form an upper layer;

wherein the filling particles are (5-8) by volume: 2 and a water-retaining agent, wherein the particle size of the cyan stone particles is 3-5 cm; the formula soil is a mixture of compost and loam.

Preferably, the following steps are further included between steps b and c:

one or more hollow cylinders are arranged at the upper part of the lower layer, and the hollow cylinders are filled with a mixture of nutrient solution and loam suitable for the growth of southern magnolia.

Preferably, the following steps are further included after the step e:

and paving a tree pit cover plate on the upper part of the upper layer to form a tree pit cover plate layer.

Preferably, the water-retaining agent is ceramsite and/or perlite.

The invention also provides a planting method suitable for southern magnolia, which comprises the following steps:

1) providing a planting system as described above;

2) planting southern magnolia to be planted in the planting pits of the middle layer, and using the volume ratio of (4-5): 5, filling the mixture of the formula soil and the filling particles;

3) so that the nutrient solution suitable for the growth of magnolia grandiflora in the hollow cylinder permeates into the middle layer and the lower layer from the hollow cylinder.

The planting method and the planting system suitable for magnolia grandiflora provided by the invention have the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the 3-layer structure of the planting substrate has proper porosity and good air and water permeability, is beneficial to the respiration of the root system of the southern magnolia and the absorption of water and fertilizer, and can provide a growth environment matched with the southern magnolia.

2. The hollow column body is arranged in the middle layer of the planting system, so that nutrient solution added in the early stage can be slowly seeped out, various nutrient solutions and medicaments can be conveniently injected in the later stage, the manual and mechanical cost of magnolia grandiflora maintenance is greatly reduced, and the load of the planting system is increased.

3. The planting system comprises the following components in percentage by volume (1-2): 9 the mixture of formula soil and filler particles acts as a load bearing layer to prevent or reduce subsidence of the entire planting system.

4. The upper layer formed by the filling particles can protect the middle layer, can prevent the loss of the formula soil, and can avoid the damage to the structure and the like caused by the rolling of the planting matrix.

5. The tree pit cover plate layer is easy to change the cover plate combination, can meet the requirements of the trees in different places on the street, and is level and beautiful and resistant to rolling.

6. According to the method for planting magnolia grandiflora provided by the invention, the nutrient solution in the planting system permeates into the middle layer and the lower layer from the hollow column, so that an environment suitable for growth of magnolia grandiflora is provided, and the manual and mechanical costs for maintenance of magnolia grandiflora are greatly reduced.

The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the planting system for Magnolia grandiflora of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another preferred embodiment of the transplanting system of the present invention, wherein a hollow cylinder is provided in the intermediate layer.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the hollow cylinder in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the hollow cylinder of fig. 2.

Wherein, 1-tree pit, 2-lower layer, 3-middle layer, 4-upper layer, 5-street, 6-southern magnolia, 7-planting pit, 8-hollow column, 9-first through hole, 10-mixture of nutrient solution and loam suitable for southern magnolia growth, and 11-tree pit cover plate layer.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.

It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the drawings only show the components related to the present invention rather than the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the type, quantity and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be changed freely, and the layout of the components may be more complicated. In the embodiments, terms such as "upper", "lower", "middle" and "a" are used for clarity of description only, and are not used to limit the scope of the invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the corresponding changes or modifications may be made without substantial technical changes and modifications.

Some exemplary embodiments of the invention have been described for illustrative purposes, and it is to be understood that the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, there is shown an implementation of a planting system for magnolia grandiflora according to the present invention, comprising a tree pit 1 and a planting substrate. The tree hole 1 is used for accommodating planting matrix, and the tree hole 1 and the planting matrix form a growth environment of the southern magnolia together. The depth, shape and size of the tree pit 1 can be selected according to actual conditions, the tree pit shown in fig. 1 is cuboid, the tree pit can also be designed into a square, spherical, ellipsoidal or irregular shape, and the like, and can be specifically determined according to the growth space, road conditions and the like required by the root system of magnolia grandiflora. In this embodiment, the depth of the tree hole 1 is selected to be 90cm (or any value between 120cm and 90cm-120cm may be selected).

The planting substrate can be roughly understood to have 3 layers, including a lower layer 2 which is positioned at the bottom of a tree pit 1, the lower layer 2 is formed by formula soil and filling particles, wherein the volume ratio of the formula soil to the filling particles is 1: 9 (or any value between 2: 9 or 1: 9 and 2: 9) and the thickness of the lower layer 2 is 10 (or any value between 20cm or 10cm and 20 cm), the lower layer 2 mainly plays a role of bearing weight and prevents or reduces the sinking of the whole planting system as much as possible.

The middle layer 3 is positioned on the upper part of the lower layer 2, the middle layer 2 is formed by a mixture of formula soil and filling particles, and the volume ratio of the formula soil to the filling particles is 5:5 (any value between 4: 5 or 4: 5 and 5:5 can be selected), the thickness of the middle layer 3 is 75cm (any value between 105cm or 75cm and 105cm can be selected), planting pits 7 for planting magnolia grandiflora 6 in the middle layer 3 are reserved, and the mass water content of the middle layer 3 is 65-75%. The volume ratio of the formula soil to the filling particles is (4-5): the middle layer 3 of the bamboo shoot 5 has proper pores and good air and water permeability, and can provide a growth environment matched with the southern magnolia.

The upper layer 4 is positioned on the upper part of the middle layer 3, the upper layer 4 is formed by filling particles, the thickness of the upper layer 4 is 5cm (any value between 10cm or 5cm-10cm can be selected), and the upper layer can be higher or lower than the height of the pavement 5 according to requirements. The main function of the upper layer 4 is to protect the middle layer 3, namely the surface of the tree pit, prevent the loss of the formula soil, and prevent the damage of the structure caused by the rolling of the planting substrate and the like.

The upper portion of upper strata 4 can also be equipped with plant pit apron layer 11 as required, and plant pit apron layer 11 preferred uses the combination formula plant pit apron that plastics made, easily changes the apron combination, can be fit for different local street tree requirements, and both level and smooth pleasing to the eye, anti rolling again.

The filling particles in the embodiment are a mixture of the cyan stone particles and the water-retaining agent, the particle size of the cyan stone particles is 3-5cm, the water-retaining agent is ceramsite and/or perlite, and the volume ratio of the cyan stone particles to the ceramsite/perlite is 5: 2 (any value between 8: 2 or 5: 2 and 8: 2 can be selected); the formula soil is (1-4) by volume: 1 compost and loam mixture, this example is 1: 1, providing certain nutrients for southern magnolia, and fermenting and decomposing the compost by using plant wastes, wherein the plant wastes comprise dead branches and fallen leaves, garden waste plants or plant straws; the loam is 0-30cm from the ground surface.

The filling particle raw materials are easy to obtain, can be purchased, and have lower cost, can effectively ensure that the planting matrix has proper porosity and air permeability, is favorable for the respiration of a root system and the absorption of water and fertilizer, in addition, the filling particles have stronger bearing capacity, can effectively avoid the planting matrix from being rolled and the structure from being damaged, thereby providing a proper growth environment for the magnolia grandiflora. The preferable particle diameter of the filler particles is 3 to 5cm, because too large a particle diameter tends to cause loss of water and fertilizer, the planting base material is inferior in water and fertilizer retention, and too small a particle diameter tends to cause inferior air permeability of the planting base material.

The 3-layer structure of the planting substrate has proper porosity and good air permeability and water permeability, can provide a growth environment matched with southern magnolia, effectively ensures the healthy growth of the southern magnolia and permanently exerts the service effect of an urban ecological system, improves the planting effect of the urban southern magnolia, and improves the economic benefit and the environmental benefit of the urban southern magnolia.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 2, which shows a further mode of realisation of the system for the plantation of magnolia grandiflora according to the present invention, the overall structure is similar to that of example 1, except that a hollow cylinder 8 is provided in the intermediate layer 3, and the hollow cylinder 8 is filled with a mixture 10 of nutrient solution and loam suitable for the growth of magnolia grandiflora. The nutrient solution is the conventional commonly used nutrient suitable for magnolia grandiflora planting, the proportion of the nutrient solution and the loam can be selected according to the actual situation, and the nutrient solution does not form the limitation of the invention, for example, the nutrient solution rich in certain element is added when the gingko lacks the element. The hollow column 8 is arranged to aim at that nutrient solution added in the early stage can slowly seep out to the planting matrix, and various nutrient solutions and medicaments can be conveniently injected in the later stage, so that the labor and mechanical cost of tree maintenance is greatly reduced, and the load of the planting matrix is increased.

The specific structure of the hollow column 8 is shown in fig. 3-4, the hollow column 8 can be a hollow round tube or a hollow tube with vertical lines, such as an octagonal vertical line hollow tube, a hollow tube with four corners vertical lines, a hollow tube with hexagonal vertical lines, etc., fig. 3-4 show the preferable structure of the hollow column 8, namely the octagonal vertical line hollow tube, which increases the contact area with the planting matrix compared with the conventional hollow round tube and is not easy to shift when filling with filling particles and loam. The height of the hollow column 8 is 200 mm, preferably 500mm, the thickness of the side wall of the hollow column 8 is 1-5mm, preferably 3mm, and the diameter of the hollow column 8 is 70-110mm, preferably 95 mm.

The side wall of the hollow cylinder 8 is provided with one or more rows of through holes 9 at equal intervals in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the hollow cylinder 8. The through hole 9 forms a seepage and drainage maintenance port, and various nutrient solutions and medicaments added into the through hole 9 can slowly seep out.

Example 3

With reference to fig. 1, the magnolia grandiflora planting method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:

a. excavating a tree pit 1 at a place where magnolia grandiflora 6 is to be planted;

b. paving the bottom of the tree pit 1 with a volume ratio of (1-2): 9 to form the lower layer 2,

c. laying the upper part of the lower layer 2 with the volume ratio of (4-5): 5 to form an intermediate layer 3, and reserving planting pits 7 for planting magnolia grandiflora 6 in the intermediate layer 3, wherein the mass water content of the intermediate layer is 65-75%;

d. planting magnolia grandiflora 6 to be planted in the planting pits 7 and using the volume ratio of (4-5): 5, filling the mixture of the formula soil and the filling particles;

e. the upper part of the intermediate layer 3 is laid with filler particles to form an upper layer 4.

The filling particles in the embodiment are a mixture of the cyan stone particles and the water-retaining agent, the particle size of the cyan stone particles is 3-5cm, the water-retaining agent is ceramsite and/or perlite, and the volume ratio of the cyan stone particles to the ceramsite/perlite is (5-8): 2; the formula soil is a mixture of compost and loam, and can provide certain nutrients for southern magnolia, and the compost is fermented and decomposed by plant wastes, wherein the plant wastes comprise dead branches and fallen leaves, garden waste plants or plant straws; the loam is 0-30cm from the ground surface.

The tree holes 1 dug in the step a are used for accommodating planting substrates, and the tree holes 1 and the planting substrates form a growth environment of the southern magnolia together. The depth, shape and size of the tree pit 1 can be selected according to actual conditions. The depth of the tree pit 1 is usually 90-120 cm.

The planting substrate can be roughly understood to have 3 layers, the step b obtains a lower layer 2 which is positioned at the bottom of the tree pit 1, and the lower layer 2 is formed by the following components in a volume ratio of (1-2): 9, the thickness of the lower layer 2 is 10-20cm, which mainly plays a role of bearing and preventing or reducing the sinking of the whole tree pit structure as much as possible.

Step b obtains an intermediate layer 3 of planting base material, which is located on the upper part of the lower layer 2, the intermediate layer 2 is formed by a mixture of the formula soil and the filling particles with a volume ratio of 4-5:5, and the thickness of the intermediate layer 3 is 75-105 cm. Magnolia grandiflora 6 is planted in the planting pit 7 of the middle layer 3, and after magnolia grandiflora is planted in the planting pit 7, the volume ratio is (4-5): 5 and filling the planting pit 7 with the mixture of the formula soil and the filling particles. The volume ratio of the formula soil to the filling particles is (4-5): the middle layer of 5 has proper pores and good air and water permeability, and can provide a growth environment matched with the southern magnolia.

Step e obtains an upper layer 4 on top of the intermediate layer 3, the upper layer 4 being formed by the filling particles, the upper layer 4 having a thickness of 5-10cm and being able to be higher or lower than the level of the lanes 5 as required. The main functions of the upper layer are to protect the middle layer, namely the surface of the tree pit, prevent the loss of the formula soil, and avoid the damage to the structure caused by the rolling of the planting matrix, and the like.

According to actual needs, one or more tree pit cover plates can be laid on the upper portion of the upper layer 4 after the step e to form the tree pit cover plate layer 11, the tree pit cover plate layer 11 is preferably made of plastics, the combination of the cover plates is easy to change, the tree pit cover plate can meet the requirements of trees on different roads, and the tree pit cover plate is flat, attractive and resistant to rolling.

Example 4

Referring to fig. 2, the present invention provides another planting method suitable for magnolia grandiflora, which is similar to embodiment 3, except that the following steps are further included between steps b and c:

one or more hollow cylinders are arranged at the upper part of the lower layer, and the hollow cylinders are filled with a mixture of nutrient solution and loam suitable for the growth of southern magnolia. The nutrient solution suitable for the growth of southern magnolia is the conventional common nutrient suitable for the planting of southern magnolia. The hollow column 8 is arranged to aim at that nutrient solution added in the early stage can slowly seep out to the planting matrix, and various nutrient solutions and medicaments can be conveniently injected in the later stage, so that the labor and mechanical cost of tree maintenance is greatly reduced, and the load of the planting matrix is increased.

Example 5

The invention also provides another planting method suitable for southern magnolia, which comprises the following steps:

1) providing a planting system as described in example 2;

2) planting southern magnolia 6 in the planting pit 7 of the middle layer 3, and using the volume ratio of (4-5): 5, filling the mixture of the formula soil and the filling particles;

3) so that the nutrient solution in the hollow cylinder permeates into the intermediate layer 3 and permeates into the lower layer 2.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A planting system suitable for southern magnolia comprises:

and (4) tree pits: and

a planting substrate comprising:

2. The planting system of claim 1, wherein the water retaining agent is ceramsite and/or perlite.

3. The planting system of claim 1, further comprising a pit cover layer formed by laying a pit cover, the pit cover layer being positioned at an upper portion of the upper layer.

4. The planting system of claim 1, wherein one or more hollow cylinders filled with a mixture of nutrient solution and loam suitable for magnolia grandiflora growth are further provided in the intermediate layer.

5. The planting system of claim 1, wherein the hollow post is an octagonal vertical stripe hollow tube, the side wall of which is provided with one or more rows of through holes.

6. A planting method suitable for southern magnolia, characterized in that the planting method uses the planting system of any one of claims 1 to 5, and the planting method comprises the following steps:

a. digging a tree pit at a place where magnolia grandiflora is to be planted;

7. The planting method of claim 6, further comprising, between the steps b and c, the steps of:

8. The planting method of claim 7, further comprising the step of, after the step e:

9. The planting method of claim 8, wherein the water retention agent is ceramsite and/or perlite, the hollow column body is an octagonal vertical grain hollow tube, and the side wall of the octagonal vertical grain hollow tube is provided with one or more rows of through holes.

10. A planting method suitable for southern magnolia is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) providing a planting system as claimed in any one of claims 1-5;