CN114319297A - Land restoration method for coal mine coal gangue land in alpine region - Google Patents
Land restoration method for coal mine coal gangue land in alpine region Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a land restoration method for a coal mine coal gangue land in a high and cold area, which comprises the following three aspects that firstly, a simple and environment-friendly method is adopted to dispose the coal gangue which occupies and pollutes soil in a large area for a long time in the coal mine coal gangue land in the high and cold area; secondly, land planning is carried out on the restored dry land, and an ecological park which becomes the theme of the mine site is planned; and finally, reasonably planning and planting in the planned planting area according to the frost heaving characteristics of the soil in the alpine region. The ecological park can solve the problems of land occupation and land pollution caused by slag heaps and the ecological problems of coal mine coal gangue lands, treats the original coal gangue polluted land into the ecological park with the theme of mine historic relics, and can effectively improve the ecological benefit and the economic benefit in alpine regions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecosystem restoration, in particular to a land restoration method for coal mine coal gangue land in a high and cold area.
Background
In the high and cold area coal mine area, underground mining is carried out for a long time in a large area, and coal gangue which is not treated in the mining process is accumulated in a large area, so that the surrounding land is seriously polluted. Particularly, a coal mine area in northeast of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau is a transition zone of the loess plateau and the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, belongs to a typical plateau continental climate, has low and cold temperature, large day-night temperature difference, abundant rainfall in a drainage basin, annual precipitation of 400-650 mm, small corresponding evaporation capacity and 1273mm annual evaporation capacity, so that soil is easy to frost heaving damage, the ploughing is not carried out, the local economy is seriously influenced, and meanwhile, the adverse effect is also caused to the life of local residents.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a land restoration method for coal mine coal gangue lands in alpine regions in order to improve ecological benefits and economic benefits of the coal mine regions in the alpine regions.
The application is realized by the following technical scheme:
a land restoration method for a coal mine coal gangue land in a high and cold area comprises the following three aspects that firstly, a simple and environment-friendly method is adopted to dispose the coal gangue which occupies a large area and pollutes soil for a long time in the coal mine coal gangue land in the high and cold area; secondly, land planning is carried out on the restored dry land, and an ecological park which becomes the theme of the mine site is planned; and finally, reasonably planning and planting in the planned planting area according to the frost heaving characteristics of the soil in the alpine region.
Optionally, disposing the coal gangue, including digging a pit, burying, flattening, and covering soil above a coal gangue loess layer; specifically, a loess dilution method is adopted, loess is selected as a natural neutralizer, and the coal gangue and the loess are mixed according to a proportion to form a mixed coal gangue loess layer; and carrying out layered tamping and filling when digging a pit and filling.
Optionally, the ecological park further comprises field roads, vehicle temporary bridges, parking lots, square flower beds, plateau lawns, check box grid drainage channels, squares, tree landscape areas, mine site theme parks, wood trestle, green sea spruce planting areas, walking leisure lanes, hexagonal kiosks, landscape bridges, production roads, number 1 planting fields, number 2 planting fields, sloping fields, anti-freezing expansion drainage ditches and roadside green sea spruces.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
the ecological park can solve the problems of land occupation and land pollution caused by slag heaps and the ecological problems of coal mine coal gangue lands, treats the original coal gangue polluted land into the ecological park with the theme of mine historic relics, and can effectively improve the ecological benefit and the economic benefit in alpine regions.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an untreated coal mine gangue ground in an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of an ecology park;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a check box drainage channel;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the flood discharge channel with stilling walls;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the flood discharge channel with stilling walls;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an anti-frost-heaving drain.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In addition, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. It should be noted that, in the present specification, the embodiments are all described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like refer to orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally arranged when the products of the present invention are used, or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, and are used only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, a large amount of coal gangue 1 slag piles which are not processed in time in the past mining process exist in a coal mine coal gangue ground 4 in a high and cold area due to underground mining for a long time in the past and in a large area. The rock stratum of the coal gangue field 4 of the coal mine in the alpine region is mainly divided into loess 2 on the upper surface layer and mudstone 3 on the lower part. In order to solve the problems of land occupation and pollution caused by slag heaps and the ecological problems of coal mine and coal gangue land, the method for repairing the land adopts the following method, as shown in fig. 2, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
Optionally, adopt the loess dilution method when digging the pit and burying, select the loess as natural neutralizer, with coal gangue and loess 1: 1.5 mixing to form the mixed coal gangue loess. Layering in layering tamping means tamping and compacting once at a certain distance in the process of burying, and spreading the compacted coal gangue loess to cover the dirt soil above the coal gangue loess.
The coal gangue and the loess are mixed to play two roles, and firstly, part of chemical components in the coal gangue, especially some poisonous and harmful metal ions, can be adsorbed, fixed and retarded by the loess; and loess can neutralize acid substances in the coal gangue, so that the pollution problem can be solved.
As shown in fig. 3, the planned ecological park includes a field road 5, a temporary vehicle bridge 6, a parking lot 7, a square flower bed 8, a plateau lawn 9, a check box drainage canal 10, a square 11, a tree landscape area 12, a mine site theme park 13, a wood trestle 14, a green sea spruce planting area 15, a walking leisure lane 16, a hexagonal pavilion 17, a landscape bridge 18, a production road 19, a number 1 planting land 20, a number 2 planting land 21, a sloping land 22, an anti-frost-heaving drainage ditch 23, and a roadside green sea spruce 24. The planting area comprises a square flower bed 8, a plateau lawn 9, a tree landscape area 12, a Qinghai spruce planting area 15, a No. 1 planting land 20, a No. 2 planting land 21, a sloping land 22 and a roadside Qinghai spruce 24.
Optionally, the field roads 5 are positioned at the west and south surrounding the ecological park outside the ecological park and are used for the road on which vehicles run. The vehicle temporary bridge 6 is positioned between the northwest parking lot outside the ecological park and the field road and is arranged for crossing the anti-frost-heaving drainage ditch 23 outside the ecological park for the field road and the production road, and the design standards are calculated according to agricultural hand tractors.
The parking lot 7 is arranged at the position of a temporary bridge of the vehicle connected in the northwest direction in the ecological park. The square flower bed 8 is located on the north side of the central square in the north of the ecological park. The plateau lawn 9 is located in the middle of the eastern check-guest net cage flood discharge channel 10 and the walking leisure lane in the ecological park.
The check-in net-box flood drainage channel 10 is located east in the ecological garden and used for preventing water and soil loss caused by channel bottom and two-bank scouring, and on a top flat plate after coal mine coal gangue land 4 in a high and cold area is processed, a check-in net-box type is adopted for combining landscape design.
The check net box flood discharge channel 10 is mainly a flood discharge channel with two banks in a step shape formed by filling check net boxes with pebbles in different sizes.
Optionally, in order to prevent frost heaving damage in the alpine region, a force dissipation wall is arranged at the bottom of the flood discharge channel at a certain interval and is used for preventing debris flow from scouring in the rainfall season.
The square 11 is located in the central north of the ecological park and is used for tourists to have a rest. The tree landscape zone 12 is located at the east of the ecological park and plants the special trees of the high and cold regions. The mine site theme park 13 is located below the middle position of the tree landscape area 12 and used for displaying mine site culture. The wooden trestle 14 is positioned at the periphery of the theme park of the mine site and is used for enhancing the ornamental value of the theme park.
The picea asperata planting area 15 is located in the middle west of the ecological park. The walking leisure lanes 16 are located at the east of the ecological park, are arranged around the tree landscape area, are used for tourists to walk and leisure, and are convenient for the tourists to view the landscape of the ecological park. The hexagonal pavilion 17 is arranged at the intersection of the walking leisure path and the wooden trestle 14 in the garden.
The landscape bridge 18 is arranged at the position of the latrine box-spanning flood discharge channel 10 at the south section of the walking lane. The production roads 19 are arranged in the right east of the gabion net cage flood discharge channel 10 outside the ecological park, between the No. 1 planting land 20 and the No. 2 planting land 21 in the ecological park and between the No. two planting land and the plateau lawn and are used for walking roads when farmers plough.
The No. 2 planting field 21 is positioned at the southeast corner in the ecological park and is used for cultivating crops suitable for high and cold regions. The No. 1 planting field 20 is positioned below the No. 2 planting field 21 and is used for cultivating crops suitable for high and cold regions. The sloping field 22 is positioned at the south of the ecological garden and is provided with a reasonable slope, so that accumulated water in the garden can be conveniently transferred to the lower anti-frost heaving drainage ditch 23. The frost heaving prevention drainage ditch 23 is located at the south outside the ecological park and below the sloping field and is used for draining accumulated water in the ecological park. The roadside Qinghai spruce 24 is arranged on both sides of the road inside and outside the ecological park.
Example 2
The field road 5 in the embodiment belongs to a concrete pavement, belongs to a field road which is renovated under the current situation, and has the width of 3.5 m. The road construction is that firstly an earth roadbed is built by using an scraper, according to the actual condition of a specific road, the earth roadbed is laid by combining the gradient of the original ground, a rolling machine is used for compaction, then a gravel road surface of 20cm is built, compaction equipment is used for compaction, and the road roadbed of the field road is rolled for 3-5 times by using a road roller.
The vehicle-mounted temporary bridge 6 is 4.0m in bridge width, adopts a reinforced concrete bridge deck with the thickness of 30cm, and adopts a C15 plain concrete bridge pier as a bridge pier.
The plateau lawn 9 is a alpine meadow mainly containing sedge, malan and the like as herbaceous vegetation.
As shown in fig. 4, check guest net cage drainage canal 10 adopts the foundation ditch of trapezoidal cross section, and the equal width bottom check guest net cage 101 of canal bottom shop has left side check guest net cage 102 and right side check guest net cage 103 on the bottom check guest net cage 101, and left side check guest net cage 102 and right side check guest net cage 103 all include from the supreme three box with a net that diminishes in proper order down, thereby the outside of three box with a net aligns from top to bottom and forms the drainage canal that the both sides bank is the echelonment.
The length of the check box drainage channel 10 is 1972m, the depth is 4m, the bottom width is 5m, the upper opening width is 3m, and the slope ratio is 1: 0.5; the wall thickness is 0.5m, and the base thickness is 0.5 m. In particular, the backfill 104 has a backfill slope that extends to the top center of the side bank cage.
Optionally, a stilling wall 106 is arranged at the bottom of the flood discharge channel every 20m for preventing the debris flow from washing in the rainy season, as shown in fig. 5 and 6. In particular, the stilling wall 106 is a check-in net box, and the stilling wall 106 is placed above the bottom check-in net box 101 and sandwiched by the left check-in net box 102 and the right check-in net box 103.
The tree landscape area 12 mainly comprises 300 Qinghai spruce plants, 55 ulmus macrophylla plants and 55 oleaster plants. The supplementary arbor in the embodiment requires the height of the tree to be about 4m or the diameter at breast height to be more than 5-6 cm. The supplemental planting shrubs mainly comprise elm leaf plum 1503, forsythia fruit 1503 and red thorn plum 250. The shrub tree needs to be planted more than 2m in height, and is mainly planted around a square and near a road.
A mine site theme park 13 is characterized in that 6 mine site cultural walls are arranged on one side of an eastern side wooden trestle of the mine site theme park, the walls are built by bricks, the total height of the walls is 3.2m, the total length is 3.2m, and the cultural layers on the walls are reasonably selected according to treatment effects.
The whole length of the plank road 14 is 435m, the foundation is 50cm of rammed earth, the foundation groove is C20 concrete with the thickness of 10cm, a sleeper with the thickness of 120 multiplied by 60mm is fixed on the concrete base layer, the plank road surface layer is a wood surface layer with the thickness of 90 multiplied by 60mm, and the plank road wood is processed anticorrosive wood. The sleepers and the surface layer are fixed by adopting countersunk screws.
The green sea spruce planting area 15 is planted with green sea spruce which is a special vegetation in alpine regions of China, belongs to trees, and is 1.5m in height and 3m in plant spacing, and 1305 plants are planted. Watering in time after afforestation, and watering once every 10 days to ensure the survival rate of the nursery stock. In order to avoid erosion to the slope surface caused by rainfall, a three-dimensional vegetation net is paved on the slope surface, and the paving area is 1557.49 square meters. The greening area is 13688 square meters, the surface layer is covered with 20cm of soil, the soil covering amount is 2756 cubic meters, and the grass is sowed and irrigated for greening after the soil is covered.
According to the walking leisure lane 16, a 30cm back sand cushion layer is adopted at the bottommost layer, a 10cm C15 plain concrete base layer is covered after the sand cushion layer is tamped and leveled, and cobblestones with the diameter of about 8cm are paved on the surface of the sand cushion layer. The hexagonal pavilion 17 is a hexagonal pavilion with high ornamental value, the total height is 7.1m, the hexagonal pavilion is formed by pouring reinforced concrete, the foundation is a C25 concrete strip foundation, and after the hexagonal pavilion is built, the hexagonal pavilion is subjected to detail decoration.
The landscape bridge 18 is made of stone, the bridge arch is a cast-in-place reinforced concrete urban door opening, the radius of the bridge arch is 2.0m, the net width of the bridge opening is 4.0m, the length of the central bridge floor is 1.54m, the lengths of the bridge shoulders on two sides are 3.0m, and the width of the bridge floor is 3.0 m. The gradient of the bridge deck can be properly adjusted according to the actual terrain.
The production road 19 belongs to a gravel road surface and is 3.5m wide. The quality of the sand gravel meets the standard requirement, the grading is good, the phenomenon of super grain diameter cannot occur, stone powder cannot be contained, and weathered stone or soft stone cannot be contained.
The No. 1 planting land 20 and the No. 2 planting land 21 are planted with soil and nutrient combination, the characteristics of saline-alkali soil are fully utilized for carbon residue land, saline-alkali resistant crops are planted, green manure or other bean soil-raising crops are planted firstly, at least one of broad beans, peas and alfalfa is planted in autumn and winter, lean-resistant crops such as oat and the like are planted in spring and summer, nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer are applied during planting, the growth of the crops is promoted, and phosphorus and nitrogen are increased; the bean crops and other crops are intercropped and interplanted or crop rotation is carried out for stubble changing, and the income is increased while the land is maintained. Reasonable deep ploughing and crop rotation stubble ploughing, can change raw soil into mature soil through deep ploughing and combined fertilization, improve nutrient content, increase the absorption of water and nutrients by soil, promote the root systems of crops to deeply prick downwards, ensure the growth and development of the crops to be good, improve the soil environment, coordinate the contradiction among various fertility factors in the soil, facilitate the normal growth of the crops, and meet the requirements of stable yield, high yield and continuous yield increase; the deep ploughing depth is determined according to the types of crops, the annual crop roots are distributed shallowly and can be ploughed for 15-30 cm, perennial economic fruit trees are deep in root distribution and are ploughed for 40-60 cm, and the deep ploughing time is better in autumn. By the method of the wheel interplanting, the formation, accumulation and improvement of organic matters in the soil can be accelerated, the granular structure of the soil can be increased, the soil tilth can be improved, and the formation of a plough layer can be promoted.
The slope of the sloping field 22 is 18-20 degrees, the picea japonica is mainly planted, the tree height is 1.5m, and the plant spacing is 3m, so that the stability of the sloping field is improved.
The total length of the frost heaving prevention drain 23 is 700 m. As shown in figure 7, the anti-frost-heaving drainage ditch 23 is cast in place by C20 concrete, the drainage ditch is rectangular, the width of the drainage ditch is 1m, the height of the drainage ditch is 0.5m, and the thickness of the lining is 15 cm. Considering that the slope drainage ditch has larger specific reduction, a layer of reinforcing steel bars with the diameter of 6mm is laid during pouring, the reinforcing steel bar net with the distance of 15cm multiplied by 15cm is laid to prevent the drainage ditch from deforming and cracking, an expansion joint is arranged at 15m, and a 2cm thick pitch fir board is arranged in the joint.
The frost heaving prevention drainage ditch 23 is arranged in the trapezoid foundation pit, backfill soil is filled between the frost heaving prevention drainage ditch 23 and a side slope of the trapezoid foundation pit, and loofah sponge 231 is filled in the backfill soil and used for preventing frost heaving damage of two side walls of the drainage ditch in the alpine region.
The roadside Qinghai spruce 24 is planted with 1 row of trees at the periphery of a square and on two sides of a road under the principle of unified planning of fields, water, roads, forests and villages, wherein the main tree species are poplars, the plant spacing is 2m, and big seedlings with complete and developed root systems, strong and healthy are selected, the height of the seedlings is more than 2.0m, and the diameter at breast height is more than 4 cm. When planting, the planting method is to prepare soil in a cave shape, the specification is 0.45m multiplied by 0.45m, watering is carried out in time after afforestation, and watering is carried out once every 10 days, so that the survival rate of the nursery stock is ensured. And planting 6800 populus euphratica plants together.
The ecological environment restoration method has pertinence and adaptability, and the coal mine coal gangue land 4 in the alpine region is treated into the ecological park 25 with the mine site culture through the ecological environment restoration method, so that the land occupation and pollution caused by slag heaps are eliminated. Meanwhile, the invention takes the thought of 'adjusting to local conditions', plants the special vegetation of China according to the characteristics of the alpine regions, and has great ecological value.
The above embodiments are provided to explain the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A land restoration method for coal mine coal gangue land in high and cold regions is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, disposing the coal gangue, comprising:
s1.1, digging and burying: adopting a loess dilution method, selecting loess as a natural neutralizer, and mixing the coal gangue and the loess according to a proportion to form a mixed coal gangue loess layer; carrying out layered tamping and filling when digging a pit and filling;
s1.2, spreading the coal gangue, and covering soil above a loess layer of the coal gangue with dirt;
s2, performing land planning on the restored dry land to plan into an ecological park; and reasonably planting the seeds in the planned planting area according to the frost heaving characteristics of the soil in the alpine region.
2. The land restoration method for the coal gangue land of the coal mine in the alpine region according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the ecological park comprises a check net box flood discharge channel (10).
3. The land restoration method for the coal gangue land of the coal mine in the alpine region according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the ecological park comprises a mine site theme park (13).
4. The land restoration method for the coal gangue land of the coal mine in the alpine region according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the ecological park comprises a sloping field (22), and a frost heaving prevention drainage ditch (23) is arranged below the sloping field (22).
5. The land restoration method for the coal gangue land of the coal mine in the alpine region according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: the gradient of the sloping field (22) is 18-20 degrees.
6. The land restoration method for the coal mine gangue land in the alpine region according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps: the ecological park further comprises field roads (5), temporary vehicle bridges (6), parking lots (7), square flower beds (8), plateau lawns (9), squares (11), tree landscape areas (12), wood trestles (14), green sea spruce planting areas (15), walking leisure lanes (16), hexagonal kiosks (17), landscape bridges (18), production roads (19), number 1 planting fields (20), number 2 planting fields (21) and roadside green sea spruces (24).
7. The land restoration method for the coal gangue land of the coal mine in the alpine region according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the following steps: the field roads (5) are positioned outside the ecological park and surround the ecological park at the west side and the south side;
the vehicle temporary bridge (6) is positioned between a northwest parking lot outside the ecological park and a field road and is used for crossing an anti-frost-heaving drainage ditch (23) outside the ecological park by the field road and the production road;
the parking lot (7) is arranged at the position of a northwest connecting vehicle temporary bridge in the ecological park, the square flower bed (8) is positioned at the north side of the central square at the north part of the ecological park, and the plateau lawn (9) is positioned between the eastern check-guest net cage flood discharge channel (10) and the walking leisure lane in the ecological park;
the check-in net cage flood discharge channel (10) is positioned at the east side of the ecological park, the square (11) is positioned at the central part of the north part of the ecological park, the tree landscape area (12) is positioned at the east side of the ecological park, and the trees special for the alpine region are planted; the mine site theme park (13) is positioned below the middle position of the tree landscape area (12), and the wooden trestle (14) is positioned at the periphery of the mine site theme park;
the picea japonica planting area (15) is located in the middle area of the west side of the ecological park, and the walking leisure path (16) is located in the east part of the ecological park and is arranged around the tree landscape area; the hexagonal pavilion (17) is arranged at the intersection of the walking leisure path and the wooden trestle (14) in the garden;
the landscape bridge (18) is arranged at the position of the latrine cage drainage channel (10) at the south section of the walking minor way, and the production road (19) is arranged in the east of the latrine cage drainage channel (10) outside the ecological park, between the No. 1 planting land (20) and the No. 2 planting land (21) in the ecological park and between the No. two planting land and the plateau lawn;
the No. 2 planting land (21) is positioned at the southeast corner in the ecological park area and suitable for crops in a high and cold area; the No. 1 planting field (20) is positioned below the No. 2 planting field (21), and crops suitable for high and cold areas are cultivated;
the sloping field (22) is positioned at the south side in the ecological garden, the anti-freezing and anti-swelling drainage ditch (23) is positioned at the south side outside the ecological garden and below the sloping field (22), and the roadside green sea spruces (24) are arranged at the two sides of the road inside and outside the ecological garden.
8. The land restoration method for the coal gangue land of the coal mine in the alpine region according to claim 7, characterized by comprising the following steps: the middle field road (5) is a concrete pavement, and the width of the pavement is 3.5 m;
the bridge width of the temporary vehicle bridge (6) is 4.0m, the temporary vehicle bridge (6) adopts a reinforced concrete bridge deck with the thickness of 30cm, and the bridge piers adopt C15 plain concrete bridge piers;
the herbaceous vegetation planted by the plateau lawn (9) comprises a sedge alpine meadow;
the tree landscape area (12) comprises Picea japonica, Ulmus macrocarpa and Elaeagnus angustifolia;
the whole length of a plank road (14) is 435m, the foundation is 50cm of rammed earth, the foundation groove is 10cm of C20 concrete, a sleeper with the thickness of 120 x 60mm is fixed on the concrete base layer, the plank road surface layer is a wood surface layer with the thickness of 90 x 60mm, all the timbers of the plank road are processing anti-corrosion timbers, and the sleeper and the surface layer are fixed by using sunk screws;
planting the picea japonica in the picea japonica planting area (15), watering in time after afforestation, and watering once every 10 days; the green sea spruce planting area (15) is a sloping field, a three-dimensional vegetation net is paved on the sloping field, the paving area is 1557.49 square meters, the greening area is 13688 square meters, the surface layer is covered with 20cm of soil, the soil covering amount is 2756 cubic meters, and grass sowing and irrigation greening are carried out after the soil covering;
the bottommost layer of the walking leisure small road (16) adopts a 30cm rear sand cushion layer, a 10cm rear C15 plain concrete base layer is covered after the sand cushion layer is tamped and leveled, and cobblestones with the diameter of about 8cm are paved on the surface of the base layer;
the total height of the hexagonal pavilion (17) is 7.1m, and the hexagonal pavilion is formed by pouring reinforced concrete, and the foundation is a C25 concrete strip foundation;
the bridge deck of the landscape bridge (18) is made of stone, the bridge arch is a cast-in-place reinforced concrete urban door opening, the radius of the bridge arch is 2.0m, the net width of the bridge opening is 4.0m, the length of the central bridge deck is 1.54m, the lengths of the bridge shoulders on two sides are 3.0m, and the width of the bridge deck is 3.0 m;
the production road (19) is a gravel road surface with the width of 3.5 m;
planting saline-alkali resistant crops in a No. 1 planting field (20) and a No. 2 planting field (21);
the sloping fields (22) are planted with the Qinghai spruce.
9. The land restoration method for the coal gangue land of the coal mine in the alpine region according to claim 8, characterized by comprising the following steps: the No. 1 planting land (20) and the No. 2 planting land (21) are used for planting at least one of broad beans, peas and alfalfa in autumn and winter, and barren-resistant crops are planted in spring and summer.
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