CN111990113A

CN111990113A - Plant growth bag, artificial shrub sand pile, sand blocking and fixing belt and construction method and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111990113A
Application number: CN202010976807.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩庆杰; 郝才元; 屈建军; 俎瑞平; 张克存; 谢胜波
Original assignee: Northwest Institute of Eco Environment and Resources of CAS
Current assignee: Northwest Institute of Eco Environment and Resources of CAS
Priority date: 2020-09-17
Filing date: 2020-09-17
Publication date: 2020-11-27

Abstract

The invention discloses a plant growing bag, an artificial shrub sand pile, a sand blocking and fixing belt and a construction method and application thereof. The method for establishing the sand blocking and fixing belt of the shrub sand pile based on the vegetation bags comprises the following steps: taking soil in situ and piling up the soil into a conical soil pile; orderly stacking a plurality of plant growth bags on the surface of the conical soil pile along the contour line; planting sand-fixing shrubs in each vegetation bag to form an artificial shrub sand pile; and arranging a plurality of the artificial shrub sand piles in multiple rows according to the shape of a Chinese character pin to form the sand blocking and fixing belt. The method for establishing the sand blocking and fixing belt based on the vegetation bags shortens the forming process of the shrub sand pile to one year from several years to dozens of years in nature, and meanwhile, as the shrub sand pile has good characteristics of storing and conserving water, the shrub sand pile belt established by a mode of combining manpower and nature realizes sustainable sand control under natural rain-fed conditions.

Description

Plant growth bag, artificial shrub sand pile, sand blocking and fixing belt and construction method and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological management, and particularly relates to a plant growing bag, an artificial shrub sand pile, a sand blocking and fixing belt, and a construction method and application thereof.

Background

The shrub sand heap is a kind of aeolian biological landform formed by the accumulation of wind sand particles in and around the shrub due to the obstruction of wind sand flow to the shrub in arid, semiarid, semihumid desert and sandy coastal areas. The types of the Chinese herbal medicines include caragana, tamarix chinensis, nitraria tangutorum, artemisia and the like. The shrub sand piles play an important role in wind prevention and sand fixation, protection of variety of species, maintenance of ecological balance of areas and the like. With the continuous and deep research on the landscape and desertification process of the sand storm, the research on the sand heap of the bush is paid more and more attention at home and abroad, but mainly focuses on morphological characteristics, spatial pattern, physical and chemical characteristics of sediments, formation evolution process, ecological characteristics and functions, and morphological and dynamic process under the control of airflow and sand flow, and the related research on the manual establishment of the sand heap of the bush is still blank at present.

The natural formation of the shrub sand heap takes several years to several decades, especially in arid and extremely arid regions where the water table falls down, leading to the degradation of the shrub sand heap and creating a new source of sand. The shrub sand heap is originated from the interference of the plant on the movement of the wind sand flow on the near ground, and is closely related to the density, branch distribution, height, coverage degree, wind speed and sand transportation rate of the plant in the forming and developing processes. The desert plant structure is permeable, is a special type of sand fixing or collecting barrier, and leads to the gradual decrease of the wind speed on the lee side of the plant and the accumulation of the wind sand through the interaction between the plant growth and the sand dune development, and the plant continuously grows on the accumulated wind sand, thereby gradually developing into a shrubbery sand pile. In most areas, even in the season of the strongest sand wind movement, the surface of the shrub sand pile with higher vegetation coverage is rarely eroded by wind. Therefore, the brush sand pile is a movable sand barrier for fixing the sand blown by the wind, can still play a role in fixing the sand blown by the wind for a long time when being buried for a long time by the sand blown by the wind, and cannot be realized by common mechanical and biological sand prevention measures.

Currently, the area of the shrub sand pile is gradually reduced under natural factors and human interference. The growth, development and decline of vegetation of shrubs under natural conditions is a gradual and slow process, and the development of desert lands by human beings leads to the rapid disintegration of sand piles. At present, researches on the update mechanism of the shrub sand heap are few, and the artificial auxiliary conservation measures and methods adopted for the shrub sand heap are only limited to simpler levels such as fences, grazing or artificial stumping, and the like, and are in the blank of the related researches on the artificial establishment of the shrub sand heap. These recovery studies are clearly not commensurate with the expanse of the bush sand heap in drought-differentiated areas of china. Therefore, the development of different restoration conservation and artificial establishment modes and technical system researches of the shrub sand heap is an urgent need for the research and practice of the shrub sand heap conservation technology at present, and can provide a deeper theoretical basis for the desertification control practice work.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a plant growing bag, an artificial shrub sand pile, a sand blocking and fixing belt, a construction method and application thereof, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention adopts a technical solution comprising:

the embodiment of the invention provides a plant growing bag which comprises a bag body, wherein fillers for planting plants are filled in the bag body, and the top layer and the bottom layer of the bag body are respectively made of high-weather-resistance films and easily weathered materials.

Further, the filler comprises a mixture of farmland soil and cattle and sheep manure, wherein the cattle and sheep manure accounts for 5% -15% of the total weight of the farmland soil and the cattle and sheep manure.

Furthermore, the high-weatherability film is an EVA three-layer composite greenhouse film.

Further, the easily weathered material is a nylon net.

Further, the efflorescent material has a porous structure through which the plant root system can pass.

The embodiment of the invention also provides an artificial shrub sand pile, which comprises a conical soil pile, wherein a plurality of plant growth bags are orderly stacked on the surface of the conical soil pile along the contour line, and sand-fixing shrubs are planted in each plant growth bag.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a shrub sand pile sand fixing belt which comprises a plurality of artificial shrub sand piles, wherein the artificial shrub sand piles are distributed in multiple rows according to a shape like a Chinese character 'pin'.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for establishing the sand blocking and fixing belt based on the plant growing bag, which comprises the following steps:

taking soil in situ and piling up the soil into a conical soil pile;

orderly stacking a plurality of the plant growth bags on the surface of the conical soil pile along a contour line;

planting sand-fixing shrubs in each vegetation bag to form an artificial shrub sand pile;

and arranging a plurality of the artificial shrub sand piles in multiple rows according to the shape of a Chinese character pin to form the sand blocking and fixing belt.

Furthermore, the space between the artificial shrub sand piles is 2-4m, and the line space is 2-4 m.

Further, a plurality of layers of plant biological bags are stacked on the surface of the conical soil pile from bottom to top, and the plant biological bags on each layer are sequentially and orderly stacked along a corresponding contour line.

Furthermore, more than 90% of the surface area of the conical soil heap is covered by the plant biological bags.

Further, at the beginning of 4 months, planting sand-fixing shrubs or sowing seeds in the holes by pricking the holes on the surface of the plant growth bag, irrigating the whole shrub sand pile, and then performing artificial supplementary irrigation on the whole shrub sand pile in 5 months, 7 months and 11 months.

Correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention also provides a wind prevention and sand fixation method, which comprises the following steps: the sand-blocking and sand-fixing belt is constructed in the arid desert area by a method for establishing the sand-blocking and sand-fixing belt based on the plant growing bags.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the plant growth bag can effectively prevent moisture in the sand pile from evaporating, is beneficial to the growth of sandy shrubs in arid regions, and is a novel multifunctional plant growth bag; the bottom layer of the vegetation bag is an easily weathered net body, the top layer is a high-weather-resistance plastic film, a mixture of farmland soil and cattle and sheep manure is filled in the vegetation bag, and the top film can prevent soil moisture evaporation and erosion of rainwater to a sand pile, so that the sand pile of the bush can fully utilize and store rainwater, and the rainwater can quickly infiltrate down to the deep part of the sand pile, thereby being beneficial to the growth of a plant root system underground; the bottom layer easily weathered net body has certain porosity, the penetration of plant root systems is not influenced, and the farmland soil and the cattle and sheep manure in the plant growing bag can provide nutrition for the growth of plants.

(2) The invention relates to a method for establishing a shrub sand pile sand stabilization belt based on vegetation bags, which shortens the forming process of the shrub sand pile to one year from several years to several decades in the nature, namely, the novel vegetation bags are orderly piled on the surface of the soil pile along contour lines in an artificial mode, and an artificial shrub sand pile is formed after planting sand stabilization shrubs, so that the forming process of the shrub sand pile is shortened to one year from several years to several decades in the nature; artificially planted nitraria tangutorum, caragana chinensis, tamarix chinensis, artemisias and other sand-fixing shrubs have the ability of capturing and fixing quicksand, and are beneficial to the growth of shrub sand piles, and the artificially distributed shrub sand piles in the shape of a Chinese character 'pin' can form a natural vegetation sand accumulation zone by the development and growth of the shrubs and combining the natural sand accumulation process of the inter-dune land; as the shrub sand pile has the characteristics of good water storage and conservation, the invention realizes sustainable sand control under the natural rain-fed condition by the shrub sand pile sand belt established in a mode of combining manpower and nature.

(3) The bush sand pile formed by the invention has a Woofer effect, can effectively increase soil nutrients, and has a remarkable Woofer effect under the bush crown in arid and semi-arid regions; the shrub sand pile also has a 'refuge' effect, so that the variety of species can be increased, the surrounding microenvironment is changed in the process that the 'Woodao' effect of the shrub sand pile gradually appears, the water infiltration rate of the shrub is improved, and the enhancement of the soil water heterogeneity is beneficial to the self survival and the propagation and simultaneously provides good conditions for the invasion, accumulation and survival of herbaceous plants under the shrub, thereby being beneficial to the settlement and the recovery of the herbaceous plants in the shrub, namely the 'refuge' effect of the shrub sand pile.

(4) The bush sand pile formed by the invention has the effects of preventing wind and fixing sand, can maintain the ecological balance and stability of the sand, changes the surface topography characteristics of the sand in arid desert regions, increases the roughness of the underlying surface, generates barriers to air flow, and has the functions of reducing wind speed, preventing shifting of quicksand, intercepting litters and preventing wind and fixing sand through self, while the natural Nitraria bush sand pile in the edge zone of the civil oasis can continuously reduce the wind speed, can reduce the wind speed by more than 40% on the lee side, and has obvious wind and sand preventing functions; therefore, the shrub sand accumulation sand belt can effectively relieve sand burying hazards caused by wind sand flow in arid desert or gobi regions to railways, highways, building facilities and the like, and shrub communities formed by different shrubs have good effects of obviously protecting and improving the ecological environment of sand lands.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a plant growth bag according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a shrub sand pile built based on plant growth bags according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sand blocking and fixing belt established based on a plant growth bag in an embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numerals: 1. bottom layer, 2, top layer, 3, conical soil heap.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be more fully understood from the following detailed description, which should be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Detailed embodiments of the present invention are disclosed herein; however, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, which can be embodied in various forms. Therefore, specific functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present invention in virtually any appropriately detailed embodiment.

In view of the defects of the prior art, the inventor of the present invention provides a technical scheme of the invention through long-term research and a large amount of practice, and the technical scheme mainly combines engineering and biological measures, establishes a bush sand pile in a manual mode, and arranges the bush sand pile in a delta shape to form a large-scale biological sand-blocking and sand-fixing belt, and provides a brand new thought and technology for managing the wind and sand disasters in arid regions by directly constructing the bush sand pile manually by utilizing the unique moisture content maintenance function, "Wo Tao's effect," and "Shelt" effect of the bush sand pile. The technical solution, its implementation and principles will be further explained as follows.

One aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a plant growth bag, which includes a bag body filled with a filler for planting plants, and the top layer and the bottom layer of the bag body are respectively made of a high weather-resistant film and an easily weatherable material.

In some preferred embodiments, the filler comprises a mixture of farmland soil and cattle and sheep manure, wherein the cattle and sheep manure accounts for 5-15% of the total weight of the farmland soil and the cattle and sheep manure.

In some preferred embodiments, the high weather-resistant film is an EVA three-layer composite greenhouse film.

In some preferred embodiments, the efflorescent material is a nylon mesh.

In some preferred embodiments, the efflorescent material has a porous structure through which the plant roots can pass.

According to the vegetation bag provided by the embodiment of the invention, the bottom layer of the vegetation bag is an easily weathered nylon net, the top layer is a high-weather-resistance plastic film, a mixture of farmland soil and cattle and sheep manure is filled in the vegetation bag, and the top film can prevent soil moisture evaporation and rainwater from scouring and eroding a sand pile, so that the irrigated sand pile can fully utilize and store rainwater, and the rainwater can quickly infiltrate down to the deep part of the sand pile, thereby being beneficial to the growth of a plant root system underground; the bottom layer easy-weathering nylon net has certain porosity, the penetration of plant roots is not influenced, and the farmland soil and the cattle and sheep manure in the plant growing bag can provide nutrition for the growth of plants.

Another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an artificial shrub sand pile, which includes a conical soil pile, wherein a plurality of the plant growth bags are orderly stacked on the surface of the conical soil pile along the contour line, and each plant growth bag is planted with sand-fixing shrubs.

In some preferred embodiments, the conical soil heap has a height of 1-2m and a base diameter of 2-5 m.

In some preferred embodiments, the plant growth bag has a length of 0.7m and a width of 0.3 m.

In some preferred embodiments, the sand-fixing shrubs may include, but are not limited to, any one or combination of white thorns, caragana, tamarix chinensis, haloxylon, caragana, artemisias, and the like.

Another aspect of the embodiment of the present invention further provides a shrub sand pile sand stabilization belt, which includes a plurality of artificial shrub sand piles, and the artificial shrub sand piles are arranged in multiple rows in a delta shape.

Another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention further provides a method for establishing a sand blocking and fixing belt based on a plant growing bag, which includes the following steps:

taking soil in situ and piling up the soil into a conical soil pile;

In some preferred embodiments, the spacing between the artificial shrub sand piles is 2-4m, and the row spacing is 2-4 m.

In some preferred embodiments, a plurality of layers of plant growth bags are stacked from bottom to top on the surface of the conical soil heap, and wherein the plurality of plant growth bags of each layer are sequentially and orderly stacked along a corresponding one of the contour lines.

In some more preferred embodiments, more than 90% of the area of the surface of the conical soil heap is covered with the vegetation bags.

In some preferred embodiments, sand-fixing shrubs are planted or seeds are sown in the holes by pricking the surface of the plant growth bag at the beginning of 4 months, the whole shrub sand pile is irrigated, and then artificial supplementary irrigation is performed on the whole shrub sand pile at 5 months, 7 months and 11 months.

In some more specific embodiments, the diameter of the puncture hole on the surface of the plant growth bag is 2 cm.

The advantages of the embodiment of the invention are that the shrub sand pile with larger volume can be formed in the same year, the plant has better growth speed and growth vigor than the natural state, has stronger sand fixing capability and is not easy to degrade, the novel plant growing bag which is manually arranged can provide fertility for the plant growth, effectively collect and store rainfall and prevent evaporation, and the manual shrub sand pile is arranged according to the shape of a Chinese character 'pin', a large-scale biological sand blocking and fixing belt can be formed, the moisture stored in the sand pile can be utilized in the later period, and irrigation for continuous growth and wind blocking and sand fixing are not needed.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further explained with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention, and that experimental conditions and set parameters therein are not to be considered as limitations of the basic embodiments of the invention. And the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

Examples

Referring to fig. 1, a novel plant growing bag provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a bag body filled with a mixture of farmland soil for planting plants and cattle and sheep manure, wherein the cattle and sheep manure accounts for 5% -15% of the total weight of the farmland soil and the cattle and sheep manure; and the top layer 2 and the bottom layer 1 of the bag body are respectively composed of an EVA three-layer composite shed film and an easily weathered material with a porous structure for plant roots to pass through.

Referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides an artificial shrub sand pile, which comprises a conical soil pile 3, a plurality of the plant growth bags are orderly stacked on the surface of the conical soil pile 3 along the contour line, and each plant growth bag is planted with sand-fixing shrubs, such as any one or a combination of white thorn, caragana, tamarix chinensis, haloxylon ammodendron, caragana, artemisia, etc.

Referring to fig. 3, the shrub sand pile fixing belt comprises a plurality of artificial shrub sand piles, and the artificial shrub sand piles are arranged in a triangular shape in multiple rows.

The method for establishing the shrub sand pile sand stabilization belt based on the vegetation bags comprises the following steps:

using machinery to fetch soil in situ, and piling up a conical soil pile with the height of 1-2m and the diameter of the bottom of 2-5 m;

referring to fig. 2, a plurality of layers of plant biological bags with the length of 0.7m and the width of 0.3m are stacked on the surface of a conical soil pile 1 from bottom to top, and a plurality of plant biological bags on each layer are sequentially and orderly stacked along a corresponding contour line, then at the beginning of 4 months, any one or combination of more than one of nitraria tangutorum, haloxylon ammodendron, caragana, tamarix chinensis, caragana microphylla, caragana microphylla, tarragon and the like is planted by pricking holes with the aperture of 2cm on the surface of the plant biological bags, or seeds are sown in the holes, the whole sand pile is irrigated, and then the whole sand pile is artificially supplemented in 5 months, 7 months and 11 months;

referring to fig. 3, a plurality of artificial shrub sand piles are arranged in a plurality of rows in a shape of Chinese character 'pin', the space between the artificial shrub sand piles is 2-4m, and the row space is 2-4m, so that the sand blocking and fixing belt is formed.

Correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention also provides a wind prevention and sand fixation method, and the sand prevention and sand fixation belt is constructed in the arid desert area by a method for establishing the sand prevention and sand fixation belt based on the plant growing bags.

The aspects, embodiments, features and examples of the present invention should be considered as illustrative in all respects and not intended to be limiting of the invention, the scope of which is defined only by the claims. Other embodiments, modifications, and uses will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the claimed invention.

The use of headings and chapters in this disclosure is not meant to limit the disclosure; each section may apply to any aspect, embodiment, or feature of the disclosure.

Throughout this specification, where a composition is described as having, containing, or comprising specific components or where a process is described as having, containing, or comprising specific process steps, it is contemplated that the composition of the present teachings also consist essentially of, or consist of, the recited components, and the process of the present teachings also consist essentially of, or consist of, the recited process steps.

Unless specifically stated otherwise, use of the terms "comprising", "including", "having" or "having" is generally to be understood as open-ended and not limiting.

It should be understood that the order of steps or the order in which particular actions are performed is not critical, so long as the teachings of the invention remain operable. Further, two or more steps or actions may be performed simultaneously.

In addition, the inventors of the present invention have also made experiments with other materials, process operations, and process conditions described in the present specification with reference to the above examples, and have obtained preferable results.

While the invention has been described with reference to illustrative embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various other changes, omissions and/or additions may be made and substantial equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from its scope. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims. Moreover, unless specifically stated any use of the terms first, second, etc. do not denote any order or importance, but rather the terms first, second, etc. are used to distinguish one element from another.

Claims

1. The plant growth bag is characterized by comprising a bag body, wherein fillers for planting plants are filled in the bag body, and the top layer and the bottom layer of the bag body are respectively made of a high-weather-resistance film and an easily weathered material.

2. A plant growing bag according to claim 1, wherein: the filler comprises a mixture of farmland soil and cattle and sheep manure, wherein the cattle and sheep manure accounts for 5-15% of the total weight of the farmland soil and the cattle and sheep manure; and/or the high weather-resistant film adopts an EVA three-layer composite shed film; and/or the efflorescent material adopts a nylon net; and/or the efflorescent material has a porous structure through which the plant root system can pass.

3. An artificial shrub sand pile, characterized by comprising a conical soil pile, wherein a plurality of plant growth bags according to claim 1 or 2 are orderly stacked on the surface of the conical soil pile along the contour line, and sand-fixing shrubs are planted in each plant growth bag.

4. The artificial shrub sand pile of claim 3, wherein: the height of the conical soil pile is 1-2m, and the diameter of the bottom of the conical soil pile is 2-5 m; and/or the plant growing bag is 0.7m in length and 0.3m in width; and/or the sand-fixing shrubs comprise any one or combination of more of nitraria tangutorum bobr, caragana chinensis, tamarisk chinensis, haloxylon ammodendron, caragana microphylla and artemisia.

5. A brush sand bank stabilizing strip comprising a plurality of artificial brush sand banks according to claim 3 or 4, wherein said plurality of artificial brush sand banks are arranged in a plurality of rows in a delta pattern.

6. A method for establishing a sand blocking and fixing belt based on a plant growing bag is characterized by comprising the following steps:

taking soil in situ and piling up the soil into a conical soil pile;

orderly stacking a plurality of plant growing bags of claim 1 or 2 on the surface of the conical soil pile along a contour line;

laying a plurality of artificial shrub sand piles in multiple rows according to the shape of a Chinese character pin to form a sand blocking and fixing belt;

and/or the space between the artificial shrub sand piles is 2-4m, and the line space is 2-4 m.

7. The method of claim 6, comprising: and stacking a plurality of layers of plant biological bags on the surface of the conical soil pile from bottom to top, wherein the plant biological bags on each layer are orderly stacked along a corresponding contour line.

8. The method of claim 6, comprising: covering more than 90% of the surface of the conical soil pile with the plant growth bag.

9. The method of claim 6, comprising: at the beginning of 4 months, planting sand-fixing shrubs or sowing seeds in the holes by pricking the holes on the surface of the plant growth bag, irrigating the whole shrub sand pile, and then performing artificial supplement irrigation on the whole shrub sand pile in 5 months, 7 months and 11 months; and/or the aperture of the pricked hole on the surface of the plant growth bag is 2 cm.

10. A wind prevention and sand fixation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: constructing sand-blocking and sand-fixing belts in arid desert regions by the method of any one of claims 6 to 9.