CN108207455A - The implantation methods of pear - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of implantation methods of pear, using vegetative cultivation, intercropping mode, and using organic fertilizer as main fertilizer, using physics, the mode desinsection of trapping, so as to plant out the ecological pears of non agricultural chemical residuum.It is low the present invention overcomes existing its land utilization ratio of pear tree implantation methods and persticide residue is big, the low-quality defect of fruit, one kind is provided and efficiently uses soil, and non agricultural chemical residuum, the implantation methods of the high pear of fruit quality.

Description

The implantation methods of pear

Technical field

The invention belongs to gardening, cultivation method fields, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of pear.

Background technology

Pears are rose family Pyrus L, and perennial deciduous tree fruit tree, leaf is avette, spend mostly white, the color of general pears Golden yellow or warm yellow is showed for crust, the inside pulp is then well-illuminated white, and fresh and tender succulence, taste is sweet, and core taste is slightly sour.Kind Class has pear, Chinese pear, bergamot pear, apple pear, the water-rich areas etc. a variety of.

The biological characteristics of pears are：It is stronger than apple to the adaptability of external environment；Cold-resistant, drought-enduring, waterlogging, saline-alkali tolerant；Winter Season minimum temperature -25 degree more than area, most kinds can safe overwintering.Well developed root system, light happiness temperature, preferably selects soil layer deep Thick, well-drained gentle slope mountain planting, especially using sand loam mountainous region as ideal；Well developed root system, vertical root it is deep up to 2-3m with On, horizontal branch is distributed more widely, about 2 times or so of hat width；Dryness is strong, and layer is more apparent；As a result early, fruiting period is long, part kind 2-3 starts as a result, the best fruiting period can maintain 50 years or more；Most kind elder generation Post flowering laminas.

Invention content

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to be directed to, existing its land utilization ratio of pear tree implantation methods is low and pesticide is residual Allowance is big, the low-quality defect of fruit, provides one kind and efficiently uses soil, and non agricultural chemical residuum, the high pear of fruit quality Implantation methods.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides following technical solutions：The implantation methods of pear, including the raw cultivation of grass Training, intercropping mode, field planting, fertilizer management, draining irrigation, flower and fruit management, trimming, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, winter clear garden, fruit harvesting And packaging step, each step are：A. vegetative cultivation：Planting forage grass in the ranks outside the tree disk of theatre, cuts 4-6 times every year, by what is cut Herbage is covered between strain；B. intercropping mode：Including pears-grass-fowl or pears-grass-rabbit intercropping, nixed planting；C. it is colonized：A. it selects Seedling：The height of pears nursery stock is 80-100cm, and the diameter of graft union more than limb is at least 0.7cm；B. the density being colonized：Seeding row spacing 3m × 4m or 1.5m × 4m, 55 plants/667m2, row is to for north-south；C. the time being colonized：Pears seedling was fallen leaves to 2 months next years； D. soil treatment：1-2 months before field planting, according to row to compartment is opened, the field planting ditch that depth is 60-80cm is first opened, and in field planting ditch Stalk and farm manure 4000kg/667m2 are applied, then backfills soil, the distance between compartment face and earth's surface are at least 30cm after backfill；E. Plant：Pears seedling is placed in compartment, is added more than soil to rootstock, with seedling of handing up, then adds soil steady and sure, exposes graft union, pour Root water, then the compartment face after being colonized with covered rearing with plastic film, plastic film surrounding are compressed with soil.

Specific embodiment

Illustrate the implantation methods of pear of the present invention with the following example：

First, implantation methods 1, introduce safety tea garden there is the best fruit quality ecological condition of production and before market prospects are well It carries and carries out Pear varieties selection.The precocious Pear varieties for belonging to Chinese pear class are preferably selected in hills area and Pingba area, mountain area preferably selects to belong to white pear In class, late-maturing Pear varieties；The flat circular of fruit or subcircular, pericarp green, yellow-white or yellowish-brown, fruit dot it is dilute it is small, core is small, Lithocyte is few, pulp it is delicate it is crisp, thick-flavor, compared with storage tolerance；Recommended varieties, early-maturing variety：Emerald green hat, middle pears No.1, Hubei Province Pears No.1, love Gan Shui, snowy peak, it is lilac, crisp it is green, Xizi, a famous beauty in the late Spring and Autumn Period is green, rain and dew bergamot pear etc..Middle-late ripening variety：Abundance of water, gold, garden are yellow, new Height, golden flower 4, grey pears 6-2,1-28 etc.；Or using transformation kind method inferior to tree body stalwartness but low quality or discomfort The Pear varieties of demand are answered, using bull top grafting method for changing species, gradually change inferior kind into improved seeds.To kind difference and tree vigo(u)r The theatre of aging should be updated.

The present embodiment uses Cuiguan pear.

Vegetative cultivation outside the tree disc type of orchard in the ranks, vacant lot plant suitable good grass, in the ranks plant butch clover and rye Grass cuts 4-6 times and is covered between strain every year, to improve orchard environment.

For those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the invention, several changes can also be made Shape and improvement, these should also be considered as protection scope of the present invention, these all do not interfere with the effect and patent that the present invention is implemented Practicability.

Claims (1)

1. the implantation methods of pear, it is characterised in that：Including vegetative cultivation, intercropping mode, field planting, fertilizer management, draining irrigate, Flower and fruit management, trimming, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, winter clear garden, fruit harvesting and packaging step, each step are：A. vegetative cultivation：In pears Planting forage grass in the ranks outside the tree disk of garden, cuts 4-6 times every year, and the herbage cut is covered between strain；B. intercropping mode：Including pears-grass- Fowl or pears-grass-rabbit intercropping, nixed planting；C. it is colonized：A. seedling is selected：The height of pears nursery stock be 80-100cm, graft union more than branch Dry diameter is at least 0.7cm；B. the density being colonized：Seeding row spacing 3m × 4m or 1.5m × 4m, 55 plants/667m2, row is to for south North orientation；C. the time being colonized：Pears seedling was fallen leaves to 2 months next years；D. soil treatment：1-2 months before field planting, according to row to opening compartment, The field planting ditch that depth is 60-80cm is first opened, and stalk and farm manure 4000kg/667m2 are applied, then backfill soil in field planting ditch, The distance between compartment face and earth's surface are at least 30cm after backfill；E. it transplants：Pears seedling is placed in compartment, is added more than soil to rootstock, With seedling of handing up, then add soil steady and sure, expose graft union, pour root water, then the compartment face after being colonized with covered rearing with plastic film, modeling Material film surrounding is compressed with soil.