CN106386375A - Grafting cultivation method for vitis quinquangularis - Google Patents
Grafting cultivation method for vitis quinquangularis Download PDFInfo
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- CN106386375A CN106386375A CN201610727678.9A CN201610727678A CN106386375A CN 106386375 A CN106386375 A CN 106386375A CN 201610727678 A CN201610727678 A CN 201610727678A CN 106386375 A CN106386375 A CN 106386375A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
- A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of grape planting and particularly relates to a grafting cultivation method for vitis quinquangularis. The method comprises the following steps: (a) selecting rootstock seedlings: firstly, selecting local wild-grown vitis quinquangularis vines, and carrying out cutting propagation so as to obtain the rootstock seedlings; (b) selecting graft seedlings: selecting bisexual-flower vitis quinquangularis plants as the graft seedlings; (c) carrying out grafting: carrying out grafting on the rootstock seedlings and the graft seedlings by a cutting-attaching method; and (d) carrying out planting management on grafted seedlings: planting the grafted seedlings in nutritional bags containing nutritional soil, and then, planting the nutritional bags in seedling nurseries, so as to finally obtain calibrated seedlings. According to the grafting cultivation method for the vitis quinquangularis, disclosed by the invention, grafted vitis quinquangularis seedlings are provided and simultaneously have the characteristics, i.e., high adaptability and high disease-insect resistance of the vitis quinquangularis and the characteristics of flower-monoecious vitis quinquangularis, so that the planting yield of the vitis quinquangularis can be effectively increased after planting.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to wine-growing technical field is and in particular to a kind of engrafting and cultivating method of downy grape.
【Background technology】
Downy grape, woody climber.Sprout, petiole and the close raw white of rachis or the thread pubescence of cameo brown beer.Petiole and
The close raw white of rachis or sand spider's thread shape pubescence.Leaf is long 10-15 centimetre, above several no hairs, below the shallow cameo brown fine hair of close life.
Panicle is long 8-11 centimetre, and branch enters open and flat, spends little, pistac, tool is thin to obstruct, no hair, and calyx is inconspicuous, petal 5, is about
1.8 millimeters, stamen 5.Berry is spherical.China Central China, East China, southwest, south China the north, the Shan of northwest, sweet and North China Shanxi
All it is distributed, be to be distributed one of most commonly used amur grape species.Downy grape growing power is strong, adaptability is good, disease and insect resistance energy
Power is strong, and the many areas plantation of number greatly of the suitable whole nation, is also the good raw material brewageing red wine.
Verify through scientific research department of China, hair grape grape contain 18 kinds of amino acid, multivitamin and strontium, iodine etc. more than 20
Trace element kind needed by human and every gram of content are up to the SOD anti-aging element of 910 units, and be vintage wine
Good raw material.18-50 year people eat 100g downy grape daily and can meet the daily requirement to calcium, potassium, magnesium and ferro element.
One point of field of Guangxi Ba Shan mono- water, tor rocky desertification problem is constantly subjected to the great attention of country.Wild hair Portugal, Guangxi
Grape (Vitisquinquangulanis Rehd.) strong adaptability, barren-resistant, for improving mountain bridge condition, contain stony desertification
Play important function.Naturally the Guangxi wild Vitis quinquangularis of growth are natural Organic grapes, are made for raw material using wild Vitis quinquangularis
Make the amur grape wine of processing, deeply liked by consumer with its pure natural wild green foods market positioning, market is always
Supply falls short of demand.The exploitation of downy grape resource, are that the sustainable development of Economy in Guangxi is made that tremendous contribution.
Currently reported have hermaphrodite flower downy grape plant, such as finds wild hermaphrodite flower hair Portugal in Hechi prefecture of Guangxi
Grape, artificial cultivation kind " wild make No. 2 ", new varieties NW196 etc., these kinds on same downy grape plant, simultaneously with
Male flower and female flower, it is possible to achieve geitonogamy, some kinds can also have the function of cleistogamy.The going out of hermaphrodite flower downy grape
Existing, can reduce or not plant male grape when planting downy grape, improve the yield of downy grape unit area.
Downy grape variety culture is planted for many years, and has that growing power is strong, adaptability is good, the strong feature of diseases and insect pests resistance,
But in current Main Cultivation plantation kind, plant is gonochorism, in order to female grape can result, improve yield, usually exist
Simultaneous kind a number of hero grape in the plantation of female grape, and kind ratio is between 10%-20%.Because male grape can not be tied
Really, it is intended merely to provide pollen, virtually waste soil and fertilizer and human cost, due to there being very big one in per mu yield
Divide the presence of male plant, therefore yield is not relatively high, planting benefit is undesirable.And hermaphrodite flower downy grape has hermaphroditic, can carry
The advantage of high yield, but the hermaphrodite flower downy grape negligible amounts of wild varieties, and other artificial cultivars, such as " wild wine 2
Number ", new varieties NW196 etc. plant more satisfactory in scientific research and a small range, but adapt to planting site, stable cultivar at present
Still little, on market, still supply falls short of demand it is impossible to meet the demand of artificial growth kind amount.
【Content of the invention】
The goal of the invention of the present invention is：Belong to gonochorism plant for current downy grape, need male Portugal in plantation
Grape are planted by a certain percentage in female grape, and the current kind of both sexes downy grape more rare it is difficult to meet needs problem, provide
A kind of engrafting and cultivating method of downy grape, provides a kind of downy grape grafting kind, this kind is with downy grape adaptability
By force, resistant to diseases and insects is strong, also has the characteristics that autocious downy grape simultaneously, can effectively improve downy grape plantation after plantation
Yield.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of engrafting and cultivating method of downy grape, comprises the following steps：
A. the selection of rootstock seedling：Annual 2 months-March, first select local field grown more than 3 years, healthy and strong, disease-free, quality
Then rattan secateurs is become the branch section of 3-10cm by good, the downy grape rattan branch of a diameter of 0.3-0.8cm, and each section retains 1-3
Luxuriant, is immersed in rooting media immediately followed by by downy grape branch section, hestening rooting；Finally again branch section is planted in nursery lot
In, pour permeable, after carrying out cutting propagation 1-3, the branch selecting a diameter of 0.8-1.6cm is as rootstock seedling；
B. the selection of scion seedling：Selection stable yield, the hermaphrodite flower downy grape plant that kind is pure, quality is good are as scion
Scion female parent is first gone up semi-lignified in newborn 2 years, the branch of a diameter of 0.7-1.5cm is cut as scionwood, then by female parent
It is cut into scionwood sections from the bottom up at 6-16cm, each scionwood sections retains luxuriant 1-4, finally with wax by two clips
Seal, obtain scion seedling；
C. grafting：Using cutting pith-cambium grafting method, grafting is carried out to rootstock seedling and scion seedling, concretely comprise the following steps：First take in step b and connect
Fringe seedling, is whittled into the big inclined-plane of 3.0-4.0cm length, then at the big inclined-plane back side from the bottom up upwards at the scion seedling branch luxuriant back side
It is whittled into the little inclined-plane of long 0.6-0.9cm；Then take rootstock seedling in step a again, live in 9-15cm to cut off from root, existed with knife
Clip down at 2.0-3.0 downwards, inwardly switch to xylem, long incision 0.5-0.8cm, then cut vertically downward in clip,
So that two otch is connected, obtain rootstock seedling tangent plane；Finally the big inclined-plane of scion seedling and rootstock seedling tangent plane are affixed, lower end is seated, stock
Seedling and scion seedling forming layer connect, then are tied up otch winding with plastic sheeting, obtain grafting；
D. grafting Cultivate administration：Grafting is put into plantation in the nutrient bag containing Nutrition Soil, then nutrient bag is moved into
In nursery plant, after grafting survives, poured every 15-30 days and apply a foliage fertilizer, in good time weeding, water, carry out pest and disease damage prevent
Control, grafting can go out nursery field planting for more than 7 months in nursery planting, obtains planting stock.
Optimize, rooting media described in step a by weight, including following raw material：1000 parts of water, heteroauxin
0.05-0.1 part, B family vitamin 1-4 part, root-inducing powder 0.05-0.15 part, potassium permanganate 0.1-0.3 part and aspirin 1-5 part.
More optimization, in downy grape branch section immersion rooting media, the time is 4-16 hour.
Re-optimization, in step d, the compound method of Nutrition Soil is：By weight, 5-8 part sandy soil, treaster 1-3 are first taken
Then above raw material is mixed, obtains Nutrition Soil by part and animal waste 0.5-1.5 part of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
Optimize further, foliage fertilizer described in step d includes the raw material of following weight portion：2000 parts of water, urea 2-6
Part, composite fertilizer's 7-12 part, well-rotted farmyard manure 20-30 part, treaster 15-25 part, alga fertilizer 13-18 part, Bordeaux mixture 0.1-0.4
Part and compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.3-0.9 part.
Further optimization, step d moves into nutrient bag after nursery planting, takes high 1.2- on nursery planting ground top
The shelf of 1.8m, covers plastic sheeting on described shelf.
In sum, due to employing technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
1. wild Vitis quinquangularis have adaptable, adapt to multiple soils, and diseases and insect pests resistance is strong, and fruit is fine wine
Liquor raw material, but because he is dioecism, planting process typically can be carried out by total scale of construction 20% about by male plant
Spacing sleeve cropping, the female grape of such guarantee can smoothly be born fruit, result.And less, amount confession often planted at present by hermaphrodite flower downy grape
Should not ask.The present invention is by first carrying out wild Vitis quinquangularis cutting propagation, obtaining the wild Vitis quinquangularis with stable hereditary capacity
Plant is as rootstock seedling, the more healthy hermaphrodite flower plant of stable growth is grafted onto on rootstock seedling as scion seedling, the transferring of acquisition
Graft the strong adaptability that strain has wild Vitis quinquangularis, more obtain the characteristic with plant for the hermaphrodite flower.The grafting that the present invention obtains
Can reduce in a large number in planting process, even not plant fruitless hero downy grape of only blooming, grafting of the present invention is also
There is the function of cleistogamy, weather such as strong wind and the impact rained to female plant pollination can be reduced, thus improving yield, general
Logical plantation bisexuality spends general yield to be 1600 kilograms every mu, every mu of the downy grape of grafting of the present invention can produce 2000 kilograms with
On, every mu of raising yield nearly 25%.
2. the present invention carries out grafting using cutting the method for amplexiforming to rootstock seedling and scion seedling, and the method has cut-grafting and patch simultaneously
Connect the feature of two kinds of engrafting methods, suitable downy grape carries out grafting in spring, have the characteristics that grafting speed is fast, survival rate is high,
Graft survival rate of the present invention can reach more than 92%.
3. downy grape utilizes in cutting propagation, whether is taken root with the branch section of thing cuttage, and takes root how much directly affect Miao Fan
The survival rate grown, carries the grape branch of luxuriant, first germination regenerated root under normal circumstances, generally can be spaced 20 days left sides between the two
Right.Before not growing root absorption nutrition, nutrition both is from cuttage branch itself, and germinates and can absorb most of battalion of branch
Support, thus promote to reduce for the nutrition taken root, affect cuttage survival rate and survive seedling quality.The present invention passes through rational allocation
Promote rooting media, soaked in the rooting media with cuttage branch and after a period of time, carry out cutting propagation again, hestening rooting speed and
Germination and gap between the two of taking root can be reduced to 12 days about in the present invention by quality；Promote also to contain nutrients in rooting media
Matter, improves the quality that cuttage branch survives seedling.
4. soil fertility and later stage water and fertilizer management also with plantation for the quality and quantity that after downy grape grafting, grafting survives
There are much relations, in grafting planting process of the present invention, Nutrition Soil and nutrient content are most important to the growth of seedling, master of the present invention
Well-rotted farmyard manure to be used, treaster, alga fertilizer, Bordeaux mixture etc., the moderate growth beneficial to rootstock seedling and later stage grafting of fertility.
After grafting survival, because Nutrition Soil limited amount in nutrient bag, and now fertility also reduces, and the present invention is sprayed by proportional spacing
Spill foliage fertilizer, be conducive to the growth of grafting.
5. build a framework at grafting nursery planting ground top 1.2-1.8m of the present invention, and it is thin to be coated with plastics on the top of the shelf
Film, reduces the sun direct projection during summer, play moisture-keeping function in the evening, weakens the injury to grafting for the wind and rain, promotes downy grape seedling
Growth.
【Specific embodiment】
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of engrafting and cultivating method of downy grape, comprises the following steps：
A. the selection of rootstock seedling：Annual 2 months-March, first select local field grown more than 3 years, healthy and strong, disease-free, quality
Then rattan secateurs is become the branch section of 3cm by good, the downy grape rattan branch of a diameter of 0.3cm, each section retains 1 luxuriant, then
Immediately downy grape branch section is immersed in rooting media, hestening rooting；Finally again branch section is planted in nursery lot, pours permeable,
After carrying out cutting propagation 1 year, the branch selecting a diameter of 0.8cm is as rootstock seedling.
Wherein, rooting media by weight, including following raw material：1000 parts of water, 0.05 part of heteroauxin, the dimension life of B race
1 part of element, 0.05 part of root-inducing powder, 0.1 part of potassium permanganate and 1 part of aspirin.In downy grape branch section immersion rooting media, the time is
16 hours.
B. the selection of scion seedling：Selection stable yield, the hermaphrodite flower downy grape plant that kind is pure, quality is good are as scion
The branch of semi-lignified in maternal newborn for scion 2 years, a diameter of 0.7cm is first cut as scionwood by female parent, then under
Up it is cut into scionwood sections at 6cm, each scionwood sections retains luxuriant 1, is finally sealed two clips with wax, must connect
Fringe seedling；
C. grafting：Using cutting pith-cambium grafting method, grafting is carried out to rootstock seedling and scion seedling, concretely comprise the following steps：First take in step b and connect
Fringe seedling, is whittled into the big inclined-plane of 3.0cm length, is then whittled into upwards from the bottom up at the big inclined-plane back side at the scion seedling branch luxuriant back side
The little inclined-plane of long 0.6cm；Then take rootstock seedling in step a again, live in 9cm to cut off from root, with knife in clip down 2.0
Place is downward, inwardly switch to xylem, long incision 0.5cm, then cuts vertically downward in clip, so that two otch is connected, obtain stock
Seedling tangent plane；Finally the big inclined-plane of scion seedling and rootstock seedling tangent plane are affixed, lower end is seated, rootstock seedling and scion seedling forming layer phase
Connect, then with plastic sheeting, otch winding is tied up, obtain grafting；
D. grafting Cultivate administration：Grafting is put into plantation in the nutrient bag containing Nutrition Soil, then nutrient bag is moved into
Plant in nursery, take the shelf of high 1.2m on nursery planting ground top, be coated with plastic sheeting on the top of the shelf.Grafting survives
Afterwards, poured every 15-30 days and apply a foliage fertilizer, in good time weeding, water, carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, grafting is in nursery planting 7
Nursery field planting can be gone out more than month, obtain planting stock.
Wherein, the compound method of Nutrition Soil is：By weight, 5 parts of sandy soil, 1 part of treaster and an animal manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed first are taken
Just 0.5 part, then above raw material is mixed, obtain Nutrition Soil.Wherein, described foliage fertilizer includes the raw material of following weight portion：
2000 parts of water, 2 parts of urea, 7 parts of composite fertilizer, 20 parts of well-rotted farmyard manure, 15 parts of treaster, 13 parts of alga fertilizer, 0.1 part of Bordeaux mixture
With 0.3 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate.
Embodiment 2
A kind of engrafting and cultivating method of downy grape, comprises the following steps：
A. the selection of rootstock seedling：Annual 2 months-March, first select local field grown more than 3 years, healthy and strong, disease-free, quality
Then rattan secateurs is become the branch section of 10cm by good, the downy grape rattan branch of a diameter of 0.8cm, each section retains 3 luxuriants, connects
And immediately downy grape branch section is immersed in rooting media, hestening rooting；Finally again branch section is planted in nursery lot, irrigate
Water, after carrying out cutting propagation 3 years, the branch selecting a diameter of 1.6cm is as rootstock seedling.
Wherein, rooting media by weight, including following raw material：1000 parts of water, 0.1 part of heteroauxin, B family vitamin
4 parts, 0.15 part of root-inducing powder, 0.3 part of potassium permanganate and 5 parts of aspirin.In downy grape branch section immersion rooting media, the time is little for 4
When.
B. the selection of scion seedling：Selection stable yield, the hermaphrodite flower downy grape plant that kind is pure, quality is good are as scion
The branch of semi-lignified in maternal newborn for scion 2 years, a diameter of 1.5cm is first cut as scionwood by female parent, then under
Up it is cut into scionwood sections at 16cm, each scionwood sections retains luxuriant 4, is finally sealed two clips with wax, obtains
Scion seedling；
C. grafting：Using cutting pith-cambium grafting method, grafting is carried out to rootstock seedling and scion seedling, concretely comprise the following steps：First take in step b and connect
Fringe seedling, is whittled into the big inclined-plane of 4.0cm length, is then whittled into upwards from the bottom up at the big inclined-plane back side at the scion seedling branch luxuriant back side
The little inclined-plane of long 0.9cm；Then take rootstock seedling in step a again, live in 15cm to cut off from root, with knife in clip down
At 3.0 downwards, inwardly switch to xylem, long incision 0.8cm, then cut vertically downward in clip, so that two otch is connected, obtain anvil
Wooden seedling tangent plane；Finally the big inclined-plane of scion seedling and rootstock seedling tangent plane are affixed, lower end is seated, rootstock seedling and scion seedling forming layer phase
Connect, then with plastic sheeting, otch winding is tied up, obtain grafting；
D. grafting Cultivate administration：Grafting is put into plantation in the nutrient bag containing Nutrition Soil, then nutrient bag is moved into
Plant in nursery, take the shelf of high 1.8m on nursery planting ground top, be coated with plastic sheeting on the top of the shelf.Grafting survives
Afterwards, poured every 30 days and apply a foliage fertilizer, in good time weeding, water, carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, grafting was in nursery planting 7 months
Nursery field planting more than can be gone out, obtain planting stock.
Wherein, the compound method of Nutrition Soil is：By weight, 8 parts of sandy soil, 3 parts of treaster and an animal manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed first are taken
Just 1.5 parts, then above raw material is mixed, obtain Nutrition Soil.Wherein, described foliage fertilizer includes the raw material of following weight portion：
2000 parts of water, 6 parts of urea, 12 parts of composite fertilizer, 30 parts of well-rotted farmyard manure, 25 parts of treaster, 18 parts of alga fertilizer, Bordeaux mixture 0.4
Part and 0.9 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate.
Embodiment 3
A kind of engrafting and cultivating method of downy grape, comprises the following steps：
A. the selection of rootstock seedling：Annual 2 months-March, first select local field grown more than 3 years, healthy and strong, disease-free, quality
Then rattan secateurs is become the branch section of 5cm by good, the downy grape rattan branch of a diameter of 0.5cm, each section retains 2 luxuriants, then
Immediately downy grape branch section is immersed in rooting media, hestening rooting；Finally again branch section is planted in nursery lot, pours permeable,
After carrying out cutting propagation 2 years, the branch selecting a diameter of 1.0cm is as rootstock seedling.
Wherein, rooting media by weight, including following raw material：1000 parts of water, 0.07 part of heteroauxin, the dimension life of B race
2 parts of element, 0.08 part of root-inducing powder, 0.15 part of potassium permanganate and 2 parts of aspirin.In downy grape branch section immersion rooting media, the time is
12 hours.
B. the selection of scion seedling：Selection stable yield, the hermaphrodite flower downy grape plant that kind is pure, quality is good are as scion
The branch of semi-lignified in maternal newborn for scion 2 years, a diameter of 0.9cm is first cut as scionwood by female parent, then under
Up it is cut into scionwood sections at 9cm, each scionwood sections retains luxuriant 2, is finally sealed two clips with wax, must connect
Fringe seedling；
C. grafting：Using cutting pith-cambium grafting method, grafting is carried out to rootstock seedling and scion seedling, concretely comprise the following steps：First take in step b and connect
Fringe seedling, is whittled into the big inclined-plane of 3.3cm length, is then whittled into upwards from the bottom up at the big inclined-plane back side at the scion seedling branch luxuriant back side
The little inclined-plane of long 0.7cm；Then take rootstock seedling in step a again, live in 11cm to cut off from root, with knife in clip down
At 2.4 downwards, inwardly switch to xylem, long incision 0.6cm, then cut vertically downward in clip, so that two otch is connected, obtain anvil
Wooden seedling tangent plane；Finally the big inclined-plane of scion seedling and rootstock seedling tangent plane are affixed, lower end is seated, rootstock seedling and scion seedling forming layer phase
Connect, then with plastic sheeting, otch winding is tied up, obtain grafting；
D. grafting Cultivate administration：Grafting is put into plantation in the nutrient bag containing Nutrition Soil, then nutrient bag is moved into
Plant in nursery, take the shelf of high 1.4m on nursery planting ground top, be coated with plastic sheeting on the top of the shelf.Grafting survives
Afterwards, poured every 17 days and apply a foliage fertilizer, in good time weeding, water, carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, grafting was in nursery planting 7 months
Nursery field planting more than can be gone out, obtain planting stock.
Wherein, the compound method of Nutrition Soil is：By weight, 6 parts of sandy soil, 1.5 parts of treaster and domestic animal of becoming thoroughly decomposed first are taken
Then above raw material is mixed, obtains Nutrition Soil by 0.8 part of excrement.Wherein, described foliage fertilizer includes the former of following weight portion
Material：2000 parts of water, 3 parts of urea, 8 parts of composite fertilizer, 24 parts of well-rotted farmyard manure, 18 parts of treaster, 14 parts of alga fertilizer, Bordeaux mixture
0.2 part and 0.4 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate.
Embodiment 4
A kind of engrafting and cultivating method of downy grape, comprises the following steps：
A. the selection of rootstock seedling：Annual 2 months-March, first select local field grown more than 3 years, healthy and strong, disease-free, quality
Then rattan secateurs is become the branch section of 8cm by good, the downy grape rattan branch of a diameter of 0.7cm, each section retains 2 luxuriants, then
Immediately downy grape branch section is immersed in rooting media, hestening rooting；Finally again branch section is planted in nursery lot, pours permeable,
After carrying out cutting propagation 1.5 years, the branch selecting a diameter of 1.4cm is as rootstock seedling.
Wherein, rooting media by weight, including following raw material：1000 parts of water, 0.08 part of heteroauxin, the dimension life of B race
3 parts of element, 0.12 part of root-inducing powder, 0.25 part of potassium permanganate and 4 parts of aspirin.In downy grape branch section immersion rooting media, the time is
8 hours.
B. the selection of scion seedling：Selection stable yield, the hermaphrodite flower downy grape plant that kind is pure, quality is good are as scion
The branch of semi-lignified in maternal newborn for scion 2 years, a diameter of 1.3cm is first cut as scionwood by female parent, then under
Up it is cut into scionwood sections at 13cm, each scionwood sections retains luxuriant 3, is finally sealed two clips with wax, obtains
Scion seedling；
C. grafting：Using cutting pith-cambium grafting method, grafting is carried out to rootstock seedling and scion seedling, concretely comprise the following steps：First take in step b and connect
Fringe seedling, is whittled into the big inclined-plane of 3.8cm length, is then whittled into upwards from the bottom up at the big inclined-plane back side at the scion seedling branch luxuriant back side
The little inclined-plane of long 0.8cm；Then take rootstock seedling in step a again, live in 9-15cm to cut off from root, with knife in clip down
At 2.8 downwards, inwardly switch to xylem, long incision 0.7cm, then cut vertically downward in clip, so that two otch is connected, obtain anvil
Wooden seedling tangent plane；Finally the big inclined-plane of scion seedling and rootstock seedling tangent plane are affixed, lower end is seated, rootstock seedling and scion seedling forming layer phase
Connect, then with plastic sheeting, otch winding is tied up, obtain grafting；
D. grafting Cultivate administration：Grafting is put into plantation in the nutrient bag containing Nutrition Soil, then nutrient bag is moved into
Plant in nursery, take the shelf of high 1.6m on nursery planting ground top, be coated with plastic sheeting on the top of the shelf.Grafting survives
Afterwards, poured every 15-30 days and apply a foliage fertilizer, in good time weeding, water, carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, grafting is in nursery planting 7
Nursery field planting can be gone out more than month, obtain planting stock.
Wherein, the compound method of Nutrition Soil is：By weight, 7 parts of sandy soil, 2.5 parts of treaster and domestic animal of becoming thoroughly decomposed first are taken
Then above raw material is mixed, obtains Nutrition Soil by 1.3 parts of excrement.Wherein, described foliage fertilizer includes the former of following weight portion
Material：2000 parts of water, 5 parts of urea, 11 parts of composite fertilizer, 28 parts of well-rotted farmyard manure, 23 parts of treaster, 16 parts of alga fertilizer, Bordeaux mixture
0.3 part and 0.8 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate.
Embodiment 5
A kind of engrafting and cultivating method of downy grape, comprises the following steps：
A. the selection of rootstock seedling：Annual 2 months-March, first select local field grown more than 3 years, healthy and strong, disease-free, quality
Then rattan secateurs is become the branch section of 6cm by good, the downy grape rattan branch of a diameter of 0.5cm, each section retains 2 luxuriants, then
Immediately downy grape branch section is immersed in rooting media, hestening rooting；Finally again branch section is planted in nursery lot, pours permeable,
After carrying out cutting propagation 2.5 years, the branch selecting a diameter of 1.2cm is as rootstock seedling.
Wherein, rooting media by weight, including following raw material：1000 parts of water, 0.07 part of heteroauxin, the dimension life of B race
2.5 parts of element, 0.1 part of root-inducing powder, 0.2 part of potassium permanganate and 3 parts of aspirin.In downy grape branch section immersion rooting media, the time is
10 hours.
B. the selection of scion seedling：Selection stable yield, the hermaphrodite flower downy grape plant that kind is pure, quality is good are as scion
The branch of semi-lignified in maternal newborn for scion 2 years, a diameter of 1.1cm is first cut as scionwood by female parent, then under
Up it is cut into scionwood sections at 11cm, each scionwood sections retains luxuriant 2, is finally sealed two clips with wax, obtains
Scion seedling；
C. grafting：Using cutting pith-cambium grafting method, grafting is carried out to rootstock seedling and scion seedling, concretely comprise the following steps：First take in step b and connect
Fringe seedling, is whittled into the big inclined-plane of 3.5cm length, is then whittled into upwards from the bottom up at the big inclined-plane back side at the scion seedling branch luxuriant back side
The little inclined-plane of long 0.7cm；Then take rootstock seedling in step a again, live in 9-15cm to cut off from root, with knife in clip down
At 2.5 downwards, inwardly switch to xylem, long incision 0.6cm, then cut vertically downward in clip, so that two otch is connected, obtain anvil
Wooden seedling tangent plane；Finally the big inclined-plane of scion seedling and rootstock seedling tangent plane are affixed, lower end is seated, rootstock seedling and scion seedling forming layer phase
Connect, then with plastic sheeting, otch winding is tied up, obtain grafting；
D. grafting Cultivate administration：Grafting is put into plantation in the nutrient bag containing Nutrition Soil, then nutrient bag is moved into
Plant in nursery, build a framework at the top 1.5m of nursery planting ground, described shelf is coated with plastic sheeting.Grafting survives
Afterwards, poured every 15-30 days and apply a foliage fertilizer, in good time weeding, water, carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, grafting is in nursery planting 7
Nursery field planting can be gone out more than month, obtain planting stock.
Wherein, the compound method of Nutrition Soil is：By weight, 7 parts of sandy soil, 2 parts of treaster and an animal manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed first are taken
Just 1.0 parts, then above raw material is mixed, obtain Nutrition Soil.Wherein, described foliage fertilizer includes the raw material of following weight portion：
2000 parts of water, 4 parts of urea, 9 parts of composite fertilizer, 25 parts of well-rotted farmyard manure, 20 parts of treaster, 15 parts of alga fertilizer, Bordeaux mixture 0.25
Part and 0.6 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate.
Described above is the detailed description for the preferable possible embodiments of the present invention, but embodiment is not limited to this
Bright patent claim, the equal change being completed under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention or modification change, all should belong to
In the covered the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of engrafting and cultivating method of downy grape is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A. the selection of rootstock seedling：Annual 2 months-March, first select local field grown more than 3 years, healthy and strong, disease-free, quality better,
Then rattan secateurs is become the branch section of 3-10cm by the downy grape rattan branch of a diameter of 0.3-0.8cm, and each section retains 1-3 bud
Bud, is immersed in rooting media immediately followed by by downy grape branch section, hestening rooting；Finally again branch section is planted in nursery lot,
Pour permeable, after carrying out cutting propagation 1-3, the branch selecting a diameter of 0.8-1.6cm is as rootstock seedling；
B. the selection of scion seedling：Selection stable yield, the hermaphrodite flower downy grape plant that kind is pure, quality is good are female as scion
Scion female parent is first gone up semi-lignified in newborn 2 years, the branch of a diameter of 0.7-1.5cm is cut as scionwood, Ran Houcong by basis
Under be up cut into scionwood sections at 6-16cm, each scionwood sections retains luxuriant 1-4, is finally sealed two clips with wax
Live, obtain scion seedling；
C. grafting：Using cutting pith-cambium grafting method, grafting is carried out to rootstock seedling and scion seedling, concretely comprise the following steps：First take scion seedling in step b,
It is whittled into the big inclined-plane of 3.0-4.0cm length at the scion seedling branch luxuriant back side, be then whittled into upwards from the bottom up at the big inclined-plane back side
The little inclined-plane of long 0.6-0.9cm；Then take rootstock seedling in step a again, live in 9-15cm to cut off from root, with knife in clip
Down at 2.0-3.0 downwards, inwardly switch to xylem, long incision 0.5-0.8cm, then cut vertically downward in clip, make two
Otch connects, and obtains rootstock seedling tangent plane；Finally the big inclined-plane of scion seedling and rootstock seedling tangent plane are affixed, lower end is seated, rootstock seedling and
Scion seedling forming layer connects, then is tied up otch winding with plastic sheeting, obtains grafting；
D. grafting Cultivate administration：Grafting is put into plantation in the nutrient bag containing Nutrition Soil, then nutrient bag is moved into nursery
Middle plantation, after grafting survives, poured every 15-30 days and applies a foliage fertilizer, in good time weeding, waters, carries out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, transferred
Seedlings picking can go out nursery field planting for more than 7 months in nursery planting, obtains planting stock.
2. a kind of engrafting and cultivating method of downy grape according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that take root described in step a
Medium by weight, including following raw material：1000 parts of water, heteroauxin 0.05-0.1 part, B family vitamin 1-4 part, root-inducing powder
0.05-0.15 part, potassium permanganate 0.1-0.3 part and aspirin 1-5 part.
3. a kind of engrafting and cultivating method of downy grape according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that the immersion of downy grape branch section is given birth to
In root medium, the time is 4-16 hour.
4. a kind of engrafting and cultivating method of downy grape according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that Nutrition Soil in step d
Compound method is：By weight, first take 5-8 part sandy soil, treaster 1-3 part and animal waste 0.5-1.5 part of becoming thoroughly decomposed, then will
Above raw material mixes, and obtains Nutrition Soil.
5. a kind of engrafting and cultivating method of downy grape according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that blade face described in step d
The fertile raw material including following weight portion：2000 parts of water, urea 2-6 part, composite fertilizer's 7-12 part, well-rotted farmyard manure 20-30 part, grape
Slag 15-25 part, alga fertilizer 13-18 part, Bordeaux mixture 0.1-0.4 part and compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.3-0.9 part.
6. a kind of engrafting and cultivating method of downy grape according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that nutrient bag is moved by step d
After entering nursery planting, take the shelf of high 1.2-1.8m on nursery planting ground top, plastic sheeting is covered on described shelf.
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| CN107667764A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2018-02-09 | 成都圻坊生物科技有限公司 | A kind of grape engrafting method for being advantageous to volume increase |
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| CN112042410A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-08 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | Rapid breeding method of kiwi fruit grafted seedlings |
| CN113115654A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-07-16 | 西北农林科技大学 | Grape double-stock green branch grafting method |
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| CN107667764A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2018-02-09 | 成都圻坊生物科技有限公司 | A kind of grape engrafting method for being advantageous to volume increase |
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| CN113115654B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2023-07-21 | 西北农林科技大学 | Grape double-stock green branch grafting method |
| CN112042410A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-08 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | Rapid breeding method of kiwi fruit grafted seedlings |
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