CN107401551B - 车轮用轴承装置 - Google Patents

车轮用轴承装置 Download PDF

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CN107401551B
CN107401551B CN201710351337.0A CN201710351337A CN107401551B CN 107401551 B CN107401551 B CN 107401551B CN 201710351337 A CN201710351337 A CN 201710351337A CN 107401551 B CN107401551 B CN 107401551B
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oil slinger
flange
annular
vehicle
cylindrical portion
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CN107401551A (zh
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原田英将
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JTEKT Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/784—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race
    • F16C33/7859—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a further sealing element
    • F16C33/7863—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a further sealing element mounted to the inner race, e.g. a flinger to use centrifugal effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7869—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted with a cylindrical portion to the inner surface of the outer race and having a radial portion extending inward
    • F16C33/7873—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted with a cylindrical portion to the inner surface of the outer race and having a radial portion extending inward with a single sealing ring of generally L-shaped cross-section
    • F16C33/7876—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted with a cylindrical portion to the inner surface of the outer race and having a radial portion extending inward with a single sealing ring of generally L-shaped cross-section with sealing lips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/583—Details of specific parts of races
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
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    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
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    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
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    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
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    • F16C33/7803—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings
    • F16C33/7806—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings for spherical roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
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    • F16C33/7816—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material
    • F16C33/782—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the sealing region
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
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    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7816—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material
    • F16C33/782—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the sealing region
    • F16C33/7826—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the sealing region of the opposing surface cooperating with the seal, e.g. a shoulder surface of a bearing ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
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    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7816—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material
    • F16C33/783—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the mounting region
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/784—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race
    • F16C33/7859—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a further sealing element
    • F16C33/7866—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a further sealing element with sealing lips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
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    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/80—Labyrinth sealings
    • F16C33/805—Labyrinth sealings in addition to other sealings, e.g. dirt guards to protect sealings with sealing lips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
    • F16C19/186—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement with three raceways provided integrally on parts other than race rings, e.g. third generation hubs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
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    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/768—Sealings of ball or roller bearings between relatively stationary parts, i.e. static seals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7816—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material
    • F16C33/782—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the sealing region
    • F16C33/7823—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the sealing region of sealing lips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7886—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted outside the gap between the inner and outer races, e.g. sealing rings mounted to an end face or outer surface of a race

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Sealing Of Bearings (AREA)
  • Sealing With Elastic Sealing Lips (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种车轮用轴承装置，具备在车辆外侧具有供车轮安装的凸缘的轮毂轴、外圈、多个滚动体、环状的密封部件和环状的甩油环。甩油环具有：圆环部，与凸缘接触；及筒部，从该圆环部向车辆内侧延伸。筒部在车辆内侧具有爪部，所述爪部与轮毂轴的外周的凹部卡合而阻止甩油环向车辆内侧发生位移。在筒部还沿着周向形成有多个在车辆内侧开口的槽，在这些槽中包括深度不同的槽。

Description

车轮用轴承装置
在2016年5月18日提出的日本专利申请2016-099666的公开，包括其说明书、附图及摘要作为参照而全部包含于此。
技术领域
本发明是涉及车轮用轴承装置的发明。
背景技术
在汽车等车辆中，为了将车轮支承为旋转自如而使用车轮用轴承装置(轮毂单元)。车轮用轴承装置具备轮毂轴、外圈、多个滚动体(例如多个滚珠)和保持架。轮毂轴在车辆外侧具有供车轮安装的凸缘。外圈设置于该轮毂轴的径向外侧。滚动体设置于轮毂轴与外圈之间。保持架保持滚动体。在这样的车轮用轴承装置中，设置有密封装置，以防止泥水等异物从轴承外部进入位于轮毂轴与外圈之间的设置有滚动体的轴承内部的情况(例如，参照日本特开2014-95403号公报)。
作为以往的密封装置，提出在外圈的一部分安装有密封部件，使该密封部件的唇部与轮毂轴的一部分滑动接触的结构。但是，轮毂轴例如由机械结构用碳钢构成。因此，若在唇部所滑动接触的部分附着泥水而产生锈，则锈攻击唇部而促进唇部的磨损，不久之后，异物可能会进入轴承内部。
因此，有时如图6所示采取如下的对策：在轮毂轴90安装环状的甩油环99(不锈钢制)，使密封部件93的唇部94与甩油环99滑动接触，由此来防止唇部94的磨损。
甩油环99仅外嵌并安装于轮毂轴90的一部分(安装部91)。因此，当车辆行驶时，不久之后，甩油环99可能会向车辆内侧移动(将该现象称为脱离)。当甩油环99向车辆内侧(即密封部件93侧)移动时，密封部件93的唇部94的过盈量增加，摩擦阻力增加而旋转损失增大。并且，会成为唇部94的异常磨损、发热所引起的老化的原因。
即使没有发生前述那样的脱离，若在甩油环99与凸缘92之间产生间隙，则水等也从外部通过该间隙而进入。其结果是，成为在轮毂轴90产生锈的原因。若水等从所述间隙进入，并且到达直至轴承内部，则成为使滚动体(滚珠)96、轨道97损伤的原因。由此，会使车轮用轴承装置的寿命降低。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于，在车轮用轴承装置中，防止甩油环从轮毂轴的规定位置移动，防止水等异物从甩油环与凸缘之间进入。
本发明的一个方案的车轮用轴承装置的结构上的特征在于，具备：轮毂轴，在车辆外圈具有供车轮安装的凸缘；外圈，设置于所述轮毂轴的径向外侧；多个滚动体，设置于所述轮毂轴与所述外圈之间；保持架，保持所述多个滚动体；环状的密封部件，安装于所述外圈；及环状的甩油环，外嵌而安装于所述轮毂轴，且所述密封部件与所述环状的甩油环进行滑动接触，所述甩油环具有：圆环部，与所述凸缘接触；及筒部，从该圆环部向车辆内侧延伸，该筒部在车辆内侧具有爪部，所述爪部与所述轮毂轴的外周的一部分卡合而阻止该甩油环向车辆内侧发生位移，在所述筒部上还沿着周向形成有多个在车辆内侧开口的槽，该多个槽中包括深度不同的槽。
附图说明
前述及后述的本发明的特征及优点通过下面的具体实施方式的说明并参照附图而明确，其中，相同的标号表示相同的部件。
图1是车轮用轴承装置的剖视图。
图2是表示密封装置及其周围的放大剖视图。
图3是甩油环的立体图。
图4是设置于甩油环的槽的说明图。
图5是表示甩油环从轮毂轴卸下的状态的说明图。
图6是表示以往的甩油环及其周围的剖视图。
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图，说明本发明的实施方式。图1是车轮用轴承装置的剖视图。该车轮用轴承装置(轮毂单元)10是安装于例如汽车的车身侧的悬架装置(转向节)，并将车轮支承为旋转自如的结构。车轮用轴承装置10具备轮毂轴11、外圈12、滚动体13、保持架14和密封装置15、17。
外圈12是圆筒状的部件，例如由机械结构用碳钢制造。外圈12具有圆筒形状的外圈主体51和从该外圈主体51向径向外侧延伸而设置的固定用的凸缘部52。该凸缘部52固定于作为车身侧部件的转向节(未图示)。由此，包括外圈12在内的车轮用轴承装置10固定于转向节。
在车轮用轴承装置10固定于车身侧的状态下，轮毂轴11所具有的后述的车轮安装用的凸缘56侧成为车辆的外侧。即，图1的左侧(凸缘56侧)成为车辆外侧。图1的右侧成为车辆内侧。图1的左右方向成为车轮用轴承装置10的轴向。
在外圈12的内周面形成有车辆外侧的外圈轨道面12a和车辆内侧的外圈轨道面12b。
轮毂轴11具有轴主体部55、车轮安装用的凸缘56和内圈部件57。它们例如由机械结构用碳钢制造。轴主体部55是在轴向上较长的轴部件。凸缘56从轴主体部55的车辆外侧向径向外侧延伸而设置，具有圆环形状。在凸缘56沿着周向形成有多个孔。在该孔中安装有车轮安装用的螺栓69。在凸缘56除了安装有未图示的车轮以外还安装有制动盘。内圈部件57是环状的部件，嵌合并安装于轴主体部55的车辆内侧。在轴主体部55的车辆外侧的外周面形成有轴轨道面11a。在内圈部件57的外周面形成有内圈轨道面11b。
车辆外侧的外圈轨道面12a与轴轨道面11a在径向上相对。车辆内侧的外圈轨道面12b与内圈轨道面11b在径向上相对。在车辆外侧及内侧各自的轨道面之间配置有滚动体13即滚珠。滚动体(滚珠)13设置两列。各列滚动体(滚珠)13由环状的保持架14保持。在轮毂轴11与外圈12之间设置有多个滚动体13。由此，外圈12成为在轮毂轴11(轴主体部55)的径向外侧与轮毂轴11呈同心状设置的结构。
车辆外侧的保持架14在周向上隔开间隔而保持位于车辆外侧的滚动体列中包括的多个滚动体13。车辆内侧的保持架14在周向上隔开间隔而保持位于车辆内侧的滚动体列中包括的多个滚动体13。保持架14可以设为例如树脂制。
车辆内侧的密封装置17由环状的密封部件40和环状的甩油环50构成。密封部件40嵌合并安装于位于外圈12(外圈主体51)的内周侧的车辆内侧。甩油环50以过盈配合的状态嵌合并安装于内圈部件57的外周面。密封部件40(密封部件40的唇部)与甩油环50滑动接触。由此，能够抑制异物从车辆内侧的外部进入轴承内部。轴承内部是指轮毂轴11与外圈12之间的设置有两列滚动体13的区域。
车辆外侧的密封装置15由环状的密封部件20和环状的甩油环30构成。密封部件20嵌合并安装于位于外圈12(外圈主体51)的内周侧的车辆外侧。图2是表示密封装置15及其周围的放大剖视图。甩油环30安装于轴主体部55的车辆外侧。密封部件20的第一唇部21a与甩油环30滑动接触。由此，能够抑制异物从车辆外侧的外部进入轴承内部。
密封部件20具有金属制的芯体25和橡胶制的密封主体26。芯体25以过盈配合的状态安装于外圈12(外圈主体51)的车辆外侧的端部12c的内周面。密封主体26固定(硫化粘接)于芯体25。密封主体26具有第一唇部21a、第二唇部21b和第三唇部21c。第一唇部21a与甩油环30滑动接触。在第二唇部21b与甩油环30之间形成间隙。第三唇部21c与轴主体部55滑动接触。第一唇部21a具有防止泥水等异物从所述第一唇部21a与甩油环30之间进入轴承内部的功能。第二唇部21b具有抑制泥水等异物到达第一唇部21a与甩油环30之间的滑动接触部分的功能。第三唇部21c主要具有防止轴承内部的润滑脂向外部流出的功能。第一唇部21a相对于甩油环30从轴向接触。第三唇部21c相对于轴主体部55从径向接触。
图2所示的密封主体26还具有第四唇部22，该第四唇部22具有过盈量地与外圈12(外圈主体51)的车辆外侧的端部12c的外周面进行接触。该第四唇部22具有防止泥水等异物通过外圈12与芯体25之间而进入轴承内部的功能。
甩油环30是金属制的环状部件，在本实施方式中为不锈钢制(SUS430)。甩油环30具有车辆外侧的圆环部32和从该圆环部32向车辆内侧延伸的筒部31。圆环部32是成为圆环板状的部分，并相对于轮毂轴11的凸缘56的(末端部56b的)侧面56a从轴向接触。筒部31是成为筒形状的部分。
在包含车轮用轴承装置10(参照图1)的中心线C(以下，称为轴承中心线C)在内的截面中(参照图2)，凸缘56与轴主体部55之间的部分具有成为凹圆角形状的面58。因此，对应于该形状，甩油环30的筒部31具有锥筒部31b。即，在图2及图3中，筒部31具有车辆内侧的圆筒部31a和与该圆筒部31a连续的车辆外侧的锥筒部31b。圆筒部31a具有沿着以轴承中心线C为中心的假想的圆筒面的形状。锥筒部31b在截面上具有圆角形状(作为整体为锥形状)。需要说明的是，锥筒部31b除了这样以外也可以为沿着圆弧弯曲的形状。
筒部31的圆筒部31a在车辆内侧具有与轮毂轴11(参照图2)的外周的一部分卡合的爪部33。在本实施方式中，在轴主体部55的车辆外侧的一部分(29)的外周面沿着周向形成有凹部18。爪部33与该凹部18卡合。爪部33为朝向径向内侧突出(弯曲)的部分。
甩油环30的筒部31中的圆筒部31a以过盈配合的状态外嵌于轴主体部55的车辆外侧的一部分(29)，并且所述爪部33与所述凹部18卡合。本实施方式的凹部18由环状的凹槽(在周向上连续的凹槽)构成。但是，凹部18也可以是对应于爪部33的位置而沿着周向局部地(间歇地)设置的凹槽。将轮毂轴11中的供甩油环30的筒部31外嵌而安装的部分(所述一部分)称为“安装部29”。安装部29的外周面由以轴承中心线C为中心的圆筒面构成。
甩油环30的圆环部32与凸缘56的(末端部56b的)侧面56a以面进行接触。在该圆环部32与凸缘56接触的状态下，甩油环30无法向车辆外侧位移。通过所述筒部31的爪部33与轮毂轴11的外周的一部分(凹部18)卡合，而阻止甩油环30向车辆内侧位移。如图3所示，爪部33沿着周向设置有多个。即，在筒部31沿着周向形成有多个槽49，这在后面进行说明。在周向上相邻的槽49、49之间成为弹簧片部48。各弹簧片部48的前端成为爪部33。也可以不是所有的弹簧片部48具有爪部33，可以间歇地设置有爪部33。但是，优选沿着周向均匀配置爪部33。
在筒部31沿着周向形成有多个在车辆内侧开口的槽49。图4是槽49的说明图。在该说明图中，为了容易地进行槽49的形状的说明，而将筒部31表示为在平面上展开的状态。如图3及图4所示，在多个槽49中包括深度不同的槽(49a、49b)。即，设置有在轴向上较浅的槽49a和在轴向上较深的槽49b。较浅的槽49a与较深的槽49b沿着筒部31的周向交替地排列。
较深的槽49b除了形成直至圆筒部31a以外，还形成直至锥筒部31b中的靠近圆环部32的区域。在图2中表示较深的槽49b。较浅的槽49a仅形成于圆筒部31a和锥筒部31b中的靠近圆筒部31a的区域。较浅的槽49a也可以仅形成于圆筒部31a。
图5是表示甩油环30从轮毂轴11卸下的状态(安装之前的状态)的说明图，其中，(A)表示甩油环30从轮毂轴11卸下时的轮毂轴11的状态，(B)表示甩油环30从轮毂轴11卸下时的甩油环30的状态。在该状态下，甩油环30处于自然状态。在甩油环30安装于轮毂轴11的状态(图2所示的状态)下，甩油环30在轴向上压缩弹性变形。即，如图5所示，爪部33所卡合的轮毂轴11的外周的一部分(凹部18)与凸缘56(径向内侧面部61)之间的轴向尺寸L1比处于安装之前的自然状态下的甩油环30的轴向尺寸L2小(L1<L2)。因此，在图2所示的安装状态下，甩油环30在轴向上压缩弹性变形。即，成为圆环部32在轴向上(朝向车辆外侧)按压凸缘56的状态。甩油环30的轴向尺寸L2是从圆环部32的车辆外侧的面32b直至爪部33的前端33a为止的轴向上的尺寸。
在甩油环30的圆环部32与凸缘56之间设有环状的止水部件。图2所示的所述止水部件是橡胶制的O形环60。凸缘56的侧面56a具有圆环部32以面进行接触的径向内侧面部61和与该径向内侧面部61连接的径向外侧面部62。径向外侧面部62相比径向内侧面部61位于车辆外侧。径向外侧面部62中的与径向内侧面部61连接的部分成为曲面形状。在该曲面形状的部分与甩油环30的圆环部32之间设有O形环60。O形环60与圆环部32及凸缘56这双方紧贴。
在图2所示的本实施方式中，甩油环30具有从圆环部32的径向外侧的端部32a向车辆内侧延伸的第二圆筒部35。该第二圆筒部35位于密封部件20的第四唇部22的一部分的径向外侧。在第二圆筒部35与第四唇部22之间形成有迷宫间隙。该迷宫间隙具有抑制泥水等异物从外部进入第一唇部21a与甩油环30之间的滑动接触部分的功能。
如上所述，根据本实施方式的车轮用轴承装置10，甩油环30的筒部31所具有的爪部33与设置于轮毂轴11的外周的凹部18卡合(参照图2)，甩油环30的圆环部32与凸缘56接触。由此，能够防止甩油环30从轮毂轴11上的规定的安装位置(安装部29)沿轴向移动。由此，能够防止在甩油环30与凸缘56之间产生间隙，而防止泥水等异物从它们之间进入。通过防止甩油环30的移动，而第一唇部21a的过盈量保持为所期望的恒定值。由以上所述，在车辆外侧的密封装置15中，能够确保较高的密封性能。
如前所述(参照图5)，爪部33所卡合的轮毂轴11的凹部18与凸缘56之间的轴向尺寸L1比处于自然状态的甩油环30的轴向尺寸L2小。由此，在该甩油环30安装于轮毂轴11的状态下，甩油环30(筒部31)在轴向上压缩弹性变形。由此，成为圆环部32在轴向上按压凸缘56的状态。在圆环部32与凸缘56之间设有O形环60。因此，在圆环部32与凸缘56接触的状态(在轴向上按压的状态)下，通过它们，能够夹着O形环60进一步弹性压缩变形。使O形环60具有过盈量(压迫力)，而提高防止泥水等异物从甩油环30与凸缘56之间进入的功能。O形环60设置于圆环部32相对于凸缘56的按压力较高的区域。
如图4所示，在形成于甩油环30的筒部31的多个槽49中包括深度不同的槽49a、49b。由此，能够使该筒部31的刚性根据周向的位置而不同。作为通过该结构而达到的功能之一，通过槽49较浅且刚性较高的部分37，增强相对于凸缘56在轴向上按压圆环部32的作用。即，甩油环30成为在轴向上被压缩弹性变形的状态而安装于轮毂轴11，但通过提高甩油环30中的在轴向上具有长度的部分(即筒部31)的刚性，基于所述压缩弹性变形的反弹力(回复力)局部增大。该反弹力成为向凸缘56按压圆环部32的力而体现。因此，通过槽49较浅且刚性较高的部分37，而使所述反弹力局部增大。由此，所述按压力较大，使甩油环30与凸缘56紧贴，提高防止间隙的功能。
作为使甩油环30的筒部31的刚性根据周向的位置而不同所达到的另一功能，如下所述。通过槽49较深且刚性较低的部分38，甩油环30相对于轮毂轴11的安装较容易。即，在将甩油环30外嵌于轮毂轴11并使爪部33卡合时(参照图5及图2)，需要使包括爪部33在内的弹簧片部48向径向外侧变形。因此，根据槽49较深且刚性较低的部分38，筒部31(弹簧片部48)容易局部地在径向上弹性变形。其结果是，甩油环30的安装较容易。即使在(例如没有槽49的)筒部31的整体的刚性较高的情况下，为了向轮毂轴11的安装，当使筒部31向径向外侧变形时，甩油环30有时也塑性变形。在该情况下，存在爪部33不与凹部18卡合而脱落的可能性，成为安装不良，而且，所述按压力可能会变弱。但是，在本实施方式中，根据前述那样的槽49的结构(参照图4)，筒部31(弹簧片部48)容易局部地在径向上弹性变形。由此，能够防止甩油环30塑性变形。
并且，优选在整周上提高水等异物从甩油环30与凸缘56之间进入的功能。为此，在甩油环30的筒部31沿着周向均匀配置刚性较高的部分37即可。因此，在本实施方式中，较浅的槽49a与较深的槽49b沿着筒部31的周向交替地排列。需要说明的是，在该情况下，刚性较低的部分38沿着周向均匀配置，使甩油环30相对于轮毂轴11的安装更加容易。
以上公开的实施方式在所有的方面都是示例而不是限制性的。即，本发明的车轮用轴承装置不局限于图示的方式，在本发明的范围内可以是其他的方式。例如，图2所示的甩油环30在径向外侧具有圆筒部35，但也可以省略该圆筒部35。而且，密封部件20也可以是图示的形状以外的形状。
根据本发明，能够防止甩油环从轮毂轴的规定位置移动，防止水等异物从甩油环与凸缘之间进入，而确保较高的密封性能。

Claims (5)

1.一种车轮用轴承装置，具备：
轮毂轴，在车辆外侧具有供车轮安装的凸缘；
外圈，设置于所述轮毂轴的径向外侧；
多个滚动体，设置于所述轮毂轴与所述外圈之间；
保持架，保持所述多个滚动体；
环状的密封部件，安装于所述外圈；及
环状的甩油环，外嵌而安装于所述轮毂轴，且所述密封部件与所述甩油环进行滑动接触，其中，
所述甩油环具有：圆环部，与所述凸缘接触；及筒部，从该圆环部向车辆内侧延伸，该筒部在车辆内侧具有爪部，所述爪部与所述轮毂轴的外周的一部分卡合而阻止该甩油环向车辆内侧发生位移，
在所述筒部上还沿着周向形成有多个在车辆内侧开口的槽，该多个槽中包括深度不同的槽。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车轮用轴承装置，其中，
在所述圆环部与所述凸缘之间设置有环状的止水部件。
3.根据权利要求1所述的车轮用轴承装置，其中，
较浅的所述槽与较深的所述槽沿着所述筒部的周向交替地排列。
4.根据权利要求2所述的车轮用轴承装置，其中，
较浅的所述槽与较深的所述槽沿着所述筒部的周向交替地排列。
5.根据权利要求1～4中任一项所述的车轮用轴承装置，其中，
所述爪部所卡合的所述轮毂轴的外周的一部分与所述凸缘之间的轴向尺寸比处于自然状态的所述甩油环的轴向尺寸小，在该甩油环安装于该轮毂轴的状态下，成为所述圆环部在轴向上按压所述凸缘的状态。
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