CN107306749A - It is a kind of to improve the grape planting process of pulp quality - Google Patents
It is a kind of to improve the grape planting process of pulp quality Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107306749A CN107306749A CN201710585769.8A CN201710585769A CN107306749A CN 107306749 A CN107306749 A CN 107306749A CN 201710585769 A CN201710585769 A CN 201710585769A CN 107306749 A CN107306749 A CN 107306749A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- grape
- cuttings
- improve
- planting process
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0299—Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/36—Rutaceae [Rue family], e.g. lime, orange, lemon, corktree or pricklyash
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/48—Zingiberaceae [Ginger family], e.g. ginger or galangal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
Improve the grape planting process of pulp quality the invention discloses a kind of, be related to wine-growing technical field, comprise the following steps：（1）, selection of land；（2）, pretreatment；（3）, site preparation；（4）, build greenhouse；（5）, selection cuttings；（6）, cuttage and seedling culture；（7）, transplant；（8）, rich water quality management；（9）, daily management；（10）, fruit bagging；（11）, harvesting.Implantation methods of the present invention are scientific and reasonable, nuisanceless, and obtained grape fruit is full, taste good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wine-growing technical field, and in particular to a kind of grape planting process of improvement pulp quality.
Background technology
Grape is one of popular fruit, and its nutritive value is higher, can be made into grape juice, raisins and grape wine.
Existing more than the 2000 years history of China's cultivating grape, was improved constantly, increasing orchard worker with the planting benefit of grape in recent years
Grape is planted, but is due to the unreasonable of planting technology and not science, causes grape pest and disease damage more, so as to extensively apply chemical agriculture
Medicine, the grape quality for coming out plantation is very different, and residues of pesticides composition is exceeded, and grape berry quality decline.
The content of the invention
Improve the grape planting process of pulp quality it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of, implantation methods are scientific and reasonable, nothing
Public hazards, obtained grape fruit is full, taste good.
The invention provides following technical scheme：It is a kind of to improve the grape planting process of pulp quality, including following step
Suddenly：
（1）, selection of land
The clay loam field that soft, loose, ventilative and pH value range is 6.8 ~ 7.2 is selected as plantation field；
（2）, pretreatment
1 ~ 2 year plantation soybean or the sesame in plantation field before plantation grape；
（3）, site preparation
Harvest after soybean or sesame, remaining stalk in burning plantation field, covering a layer thickness is 2 ~ 3cm after burning terminates
Matrix, then 1 ~ 2cm of earthing；
After 3 ~ 5 days to plantation field deep plough, depth be 20 ~ 30cm, ridging after raking, ridge face width degree control be 1.2 ~
1.5m, ridge is highly 35 ~ 45cm, pours permeable；
（4）, build greenhouse
Build south-north direction greenhouse after site preparation, the control of canopy length is 20 ~ 40m, the wide control of canopy is 2 ~ 3m, the high 2.1 ~ 2.5m of ceiling,
Cladding thickness is to be provided for the film rolling device of ventilation outside the thick canopy films of 0.5 ~ 0.6mm, canopy, and installs fertigation system,
Close plastic shed 20 ~ 30 days under High temperature；
（5）, selection cuttings
Choose the full sturdy, eye of growth, no disease and pests harm and 1 ~ 2 year raw branch of aging lignifying completely is used as cuttings；
（6）, cuttage and seedling culture
Cut in cuttings upper end clip away from stump at bud 1cm, lower end clip is tiltedly cut at section 0.5cm, by 1~2cm of cuttings base portion
It is put into treatment fluid and dips, prepares cuttage and seedling culture；
Nutrition Soil is set in preparing nursery bed, seedbed, the oblique skewer of cuttings entered in Nutrition Soil, cuttings eye exposes on the upside of branch
1 ~ 2cm of ground, waters in good time after cuttage, and spike length to be inserted obtains grape nursery stock to 1 ~ 1.2m, prepares to transplant；
（7）, transplant
By step（6）Obtained grape nursery stock is transplanted into plantation field, and grape seedling is transplanted into big Tanaka, spacing in the rows control for 1 ~
1.2m；
（8）, rich water quality management
Water, topdressed after transplanting 1 ~ 2 time in good time, every mu imposes 90 ~ 120kg of organic fertilizer every time；
（9）, daily management
Including cutting back, pinching, bud picking, except sublateral shoot, trimming auxiliary support branch；
（10）, fruit bagging
Bagging preventing and treating fruit pest and disease damage is carried out when grape fruit a diameter of 0.5 ~ 0.8cm；
（11）, harvesting.
Wherein, the step（3）In matrix include following part count raw material：35 ~ 45 parts of livestock waste, quick lime 30 ~
31 parts, 27 ~ 29 parts of paulownia sawdust, 25 ~ 27 parts of castor leaf powder, 22 ~ 23 parts of humic acid, 20 ~ 21 parts of vinasse, 15 ~ 16 parts of bone meal and
10 ~ 12 parts of ferrous sulfate.
Wherein, the step（6）In treatment fluid include following part count raw material：40 ~ 45 parts of the fleece-flower root, Kelp Powder 35 ~
37 parts, 30 ~ 32 parts of Fructus Aurantii, 22 ~ 25 parts of the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, 15 ~ 16 parts of zinc gluconate, 10 ~ 11 parts of Nafusaku and water 180 ~ 200
Part.
Wherein, the preparation method of the treatment fluid is：The fleece-flower root, Kelp Powder, Fructus Aurantii and the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine were ground 100
~ 120 mesh sieves, are put into water and boil, and filter to get filtrate, and filtrate is dried in the air to normal temperature and adds zinc gluconate and Nafusaku, mix
The treatment fluid is made after even.
Wherein, the step（6）Middle cuttings is put into dipped in treatment fluid before, cuttings is disappeared with ultraviolet germicidal lamp
Poison, disinfecting time is 15 ~ 30min.
Wherein, the step（7）The master root and radicula for transplanting the preceding grape nursery stock to mechanical damage are repaired, and are put into
5 ~ 10s is dipped in bactericidal liquid.
Wherein, the bactericidal liquid includes the raw material that following part is counted：22 ~ 26 parts of garlic, 18 ~ 21 parts of ginger, balsampear leaf 14 ~ 16
5 ~ 7 parts of part, 9 ~ 11 parts of orange peel, 8 ~ 9 parts of liquor potassic permanganate and hydrogen peroxide, garlic, ginger, balsampear leaf and orange peel are pounded
Pureed, adds 5 ~ 8 times of water and stirs evenly 8 ~ 16h of immersion, filtrate is obtained after filtering, liquor potassic permanganate and hydrogen peroxide are added into filtrate,
It is mixed evenly.
Wherein, the step（8）Rich water quality management also includes applying foliar fertilizer：Spray concentration is 0.2 ~ 0.4% boron before flowering
Fertilizer 1 ~ 2 time, Post flowering spray concentration for 0.2 ~ 0.4% magnesium sulfate 1 ~ 2 time, thank spend after spray concentration be 0.2 ~ 0.3%
Ferrous sulfate 2 ~ 3 times, after harvesting spray concentration for 0.2 ~ 0.3% zinc sulfate 2 times.
Wherein, the step（8）Middle organic fertilizer includes the raw material that following part is counted：20~21 parts of coconut palm chaff, 16~18 parts of rice bran,
12~14 parts of plant ash, 10~11 parts of cow dung, 8~9 parts of vermiculite, 8~9 parts of urea, 6~8 parts of ammonium nitrate, sodium tetraborate 4~5
Part, 100~110 parts of 3~4 parts of sucrose, 2~3 parts of calcium chloride, 1~2 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Implantation methods are scientific and reasonable, nuisanceless, and obtained grape fruit is full, taste good,
It is specific as follows：
（1）, the present invention plantation field is pre-processed before site preparation, preceding to make plantation soybean or sesame, after harvesting, burning is planted
Stalk remaining in field is planted, charing process is carried out so that the element such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium for containing in stalk can be distributed to soil
In, so as to the absorption of grapevine seedling, the conversion ratio of nutrient is improved, so as to improve plantation field soil with organic matter content, in addition
Also acting improves the effect of soil texture, prevents the hardened of soil；
（2）, the present invention plantation field is pre-processed before site preparation, covering a layer thickness is 2 ~ 3cm after stalk sintering beam
Matrix, the ferrous sulfate contained in matrix can make the ammonium carbonate in stalk change into the stable ammonium sulfate of property, and playing prevents
The humic acid added in the effect of nitrogen loss, matrix can reduce fixation of the soil to iron ion, so that playing prevents grape
The effect of nursery stock iron-deficient yellow leaf；
（3）, the present invention greenhouse is built after site preparation, due to being planted using in greenhouse, the collecting period is up to 4 ~ 5 months, both ensure that
The quality of grape, environmental protection, it is ensured that the economic benefit of planting household；The critical stage developed in grape growth is handled,
Integrate and planted with reference to planting measures such as scientific and rational field management, suitable planting densities, the yield of grape can be made big
It is big to improve, quality be improved significantly；
（4）, the present invention in planting process, grape growth speed is fast, robust plant, improves the resistance of grape seedlingses strain, reduction
The pest and disease damage incidence of grape seedlingses strain, the grape fruit-setting rate cultivated has great raising, and grape mouthfeel is good, relative to tradition
Implantation methods, per mu yield improves 15 ~ 30%, in addition, production efficiency is high, cost is low, profitable；
（5）, the present invention use suitable planting density, using wide row mode, every plant of grape is had sufficient growing space and light
According to, it is to avoid growth is overstocked, causes the plant part growing way bad；
（6）, the present invention foliar fertilizer applied according to each stage in planting process, with reference to organic fertilizer, make grape growth each
Period fully absorbs required nutrient, improves the utilization rate of fertilizer, it is ensured that survival rate and good fruit that grape is transplanted
Growing state, reaches the purpose of increasing both production and income；
（7）, the present invention daily management include cutting back, pinching, bud picking, except sublateral shoot, trim auxiliary support branch, regularly to protecting fruit
Hold grain grain alternate, do not extrude mutually, it is ensured that the turgor and mouthfeel of grape fruit.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.These embodiments be merely to illustrate the present invention and without
In limitation the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
It is a kind of to improve the grape planting process of pulp quality, comprise the following steps：
（1）, selection of land
The clay loam field that soft, loose, ventilative and pH value is 6.8 is selected as plantation field；
（2）, pretreatment
Sesame is planted in plantation field within 1 year before plantation grape；
（3）, site preparation
Harvest after soybean or sesame, remaining stalk in burning plantation field, covering a layer thickness is 2cm's after burning terminates
Matrix, then earthing 1cm；
Plantation field is deep ploughed after 3 days, depth is 20cm, ridging after raking, the control of ridge face width degree is 1.2m, and ridge is highly
35cm, pours permeable；
（4）, build greenhouse
Build south-north direction greenhouse after site preparation, the control of canopy length is 20m, the wide control of canopy is 2m, the high 2.1m of ceiling, cladding thickness is
The film rolling device of ventilation is provided for outside canopy film thick 0.5mm, canopy, and fertigation system, the close plastic shed under High temperature are installed
20 days；
（5）, selection cuttings
Choose the full sturdy, eye of growth, no disease and pests harm and 1 year raw branch of aging lignifying completely is used as cuttings；
（6）, cuttage and seedling culture
Cut in cuttings upper end clip away from stump at bud 1cm, lower end clip is tiltedly cut at section 0.5cm, and cuttings base portion 1cm is put into
Dipped in treatment fluid, prepare cuttage and seedling culture；
Nutrition Soil is set in preparing nursery bed, seedbed, the oblique skewer of cuttings entered in Nutrition Soil, cuttings eye exposes on the upside of branch
Ground 1cm, waters in good time after cuttage, and spike length to be inserted obtains grape nursery stock to 1m, prepares to transplant；
（7）, transplant
By step（6）Obtained grape nursery stock is transplanted into plantation field, and grape seedling is transplanted into big Tanaka, and spacing in the rows control is
1m；
（8）, rich water quality management
Water, topdressed after transplanting 1 time in good time, every mu imposes organic fertilizer 90kg every time；
（9）, daily management
Including cutting back, pinching, bud picking, except sublateral shoot, trimming auxiliary support branch；
（10）, fruit bagging
Bagging preventing and treating fruit pest and disease damage is carried out when grape fruit a diameter of 0.5cm；
（11）, harvesting.
Wherein, the step（3）In matrix include following part count raw material：35 parts of livestock waste, 30 parts of quick lime, bubble
10 parts of 27 parts of paulownia sawdust, 25 parts of castor leaf powder, 22 parts of humic acid, 20 parts of vinasse, 15 parts of bone meal and ferrous sulfate.
Wherein, the step（6）In treatment fluid include following part count raw material：40 parts of the fleece-flower root, 35 parts of Kelp Powder, trifoliate orange
180 parts of 30 parts of shell, 22 parts of the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, 15 parts of zinc gluconate, 10 parts of Nafusaku and water.
Wherein, the preparation method of the treatment fluid is：The fleece-flower root, Kelp Powder, Fructus Aurantii and the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine were ground 100
Mesh sieve, is put into water and boils, and filters to get filtrate, and filtrate is dried in the air to normal temperature and adds zinc gluconate and Nafusaku, after mixing
The treatment fluid is made.
Wherein, the step（6）Middle cuttings is put into dipped in treatment fluid before, cuttings is disappeared with ultraviolet germicidal lamp
Poison, disinfecting time is 15min.
Wherein, the step（7）The master root and radicula for transplanting the preceding grape nursery stock to mechanical damage are repaired, and are put into
5s is dipped in bactericidal liquid.
Wherein, the bactericidal liquid includes the raw material that following part is counted：22 parts of garlic, 18 parts of ginger, 14 parts of balsampear leaf, orange peel
5 parts of 9 parts, 8 parts of liquor potassic permanganate and hydrogen peroxide, pureed is pounded by garlic, ginger, balsampear leaf and orange peel, is added 5 times of water and is stirred
Even immersion 8h, obtains filtrate after filtering, liquor potassic permanganate and hydrogen peroxide are added into filtrate, is mixed evenly.
Wherein, the step（8）Rich water quality management also includes applying foliar fertilizer：Spray concentration is 0.2% boron fertilizer 1 before flowering
It is secondary, Post flowering spray concentration for 0.2% magnesium sulfate 1 time, thank spend after spray concentration be 0.2% ferrous sulfate 2 times, adopting
Pluck the zinc sulfate 2 times that rear spray concentration is 0.2%.
Wherein, the step（8）Middle organic fertilizer includes the raw material that following part is counted：20 parts of coconut palm chaff, 16 parts of rice bran, plant ash 12
Part, 10 parts of cow dung, 8 parts of vermiculite, 8 parts of urea, 6 parts of ammonium nitrate, 4 parts of sodium tetraborate, 3 parts of sucrose, 2 parts of calcium chloride, biphosphate
100 parts of 1 part of potassium and water.
Embodiment 2
It is a kind of to improve the grape planting process of pulp quality, comprise the following steps：
（1）, selection of land
The clay loam field that soft, loose, ventilative and pH value is 7.2 is selected as plantation field；
（2）, pretreatment
Soybean is planted in plantation field within 2 years before plantation grape；
（3）, site preparation
Harvest after soybean or sesame, remaining stalk in burning plantation field, covering a layer thickness is 3cm's after burning terminates
Matrix, then earthing 2cm；
Plantation field is deep ploughed after 5 days, depth is 30cm, ridging after raking, the control of ridge face width degree is 1.5m, and ridge is highly
45cm, pours permeable；
（4）, build greenhouse
Build south-north direction greenhouse after site preparation, the control of canopy length is 40m, the wide control of canopy is 3m, the high 2.5m of ceiling, cladding thickness is
The film rolling device of ventilation is provided for outside canopy film thick 0.6mm, canopy, and fertigation system, the close plastic shed under High temperature are installed
30 days；
（5）, selection cuttings
Choose the full sturdy, eye of growth, no disease and pests harm and 2 years raw branches of aging lignifying completely are used as cuttings；
（6）, cuttage and seedling culture
Cut in cuttings upper end clip away from stump at bud 1cm, lower end clip is tiltedly cut at section 0.5cm, by 1~2cm of cuttings base portion
It is put into treatment fluid and dips, prepares cuttage and seedling culture；
Nutrition Soil is set in preparing nursery bed, seedbed, the oblique skewer of cuttings entered in Nutrition Soil, cuttings eye exposes on the upside of branch
Ground 1.5cm, waters in good time after cuttage, and spike length to be inserted obtains grape nursery stock to 1.1m, prepares to transplant；
（7）, transplant
By step（6）Obtained grape nursery stock is transplanted into plantation field, and grape seedling is transplanted into big Tanaka, and spacing in the rows control is
1.1m；
（8）, rich water quality management
Water, topdressed after transplanting 1 time in good time, every mu imposes organic fertilizer 100kg every time；
（9）, daily management
Including cutting back, pinching, bud picking, except sublateral shoot, trimming auxiliary support branch；
（10）, fruit bagging
Bagging preventing and treating fruit pest and disease damage is carried out when grape fruit a diameter of 0.7cm；
（11）, harvesting.
Wherein, the step（3）In matrix include following part count raw material：40 parts of livestock waste, 30.5 parts of quick lime,
11 parts of 28 parts of paulownia sawdust, 26 parts of castor leaf powder, 22.5 parts of humic acid, 20.5 parts of vinasse, 15.5 parts of bone meal and ferrous sulfate.
Wherein, the step（6）In treatment fluid include following part count raw material：42.5 parts of the fleece-flower root, 36 parts of Kelp Powder,
190 parts of 31 parts of Fructus Aurantii, 23.5 parts of the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, 15.5 parts of zinc gluconate, 10.5 parts of Nafusaku and water.
Wherein, the preparation method of the treatment fluid is：The fleece-flower root, Kelp Powder, Fructus Aurantii and the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine were ground 110
Mesh sieve, is put into water and boils, and filters to get filtrate, and filtrate is dried in the air to normal temperature and adds zinc gluconate and Nafusaku, after mixing
The treatment fluid is made.
Wherein, the step（6）Middle cuttings is put into dipped in treatment fluid before, cuttings is disappeared with ultraviolet germicidal lamp
Poison, disinfecting time is 20min.
Wherein, the step（7）The master root and radicula for transplanting the preceding grape nursery stock to mechanical damage are repaired, and are put into
7s is dipped in bactericidal liquid.
Wherein, the bactericidal liquid includes the raw material that following part is counted：24 parts of garlic, 19 parts of ginger, 15 parts of balsampear leaf, orange peel
6 parts of 10 parts, 8.5 parts of liquor potassic permanganate and hydrogen peroxide, pureed is pounded by garlic, ginger, balsampear leaf and orange peel, adds 7 times
Water stirs evenly immersion 1h, and filtrate is obtained after filtering, and liquor potassic permanganate and hydrogen peroxide are added into filtrate, is mixed evenly.
Wherein, the step（8）Rich water quality management also includes applying foliar fertilizer：Spray concentration is 0.3% boron fertilizer 1 before flowering
It is secondary, Post flowering spray concentration for 0.3% magnesium sulfate 2 times, thank spend after spray concentration be 0.3% ferrous sulfate 2 times, adopting
Pluck the zinc sulfate 2 times that rear spray concentration is 0.2%.
Wherein, the step（8）Middle organic fertilizer includes the raw material that following part is counted：20.5 parts of coconut palm chaff, 17 parts of rice bran, plant ash
13 parts, 10.5 parts of cow dung, 8.5 parts of vermiculite, 8.5 parts of urea, 7 parts of ammonium nitrate, 4.5 parts of sodium tetraborate, 3.5 parts of sucrose, calcium chloride
105 parts of 2.5 parts, 1.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water.
Embodiment 3
It is a kind of to improve the grape planting process of pulp quality, comprise the following steps：
（1）, selection of land
The clay loam field that soft, loose, ventilative and pH value is 7 is selected as plantation field；
（2）, pretreatment
1 year plantation soybean or the sesame in plantation field before plantation grape；
（3）, site preparation
Harvest after soybean or sesame, remaining stalk in burning plantation field, covering a layer thickness is 2.5cm after burning terminates
Matrix, then earthing 1.5cm；
Plantation field is deep ploughed after 4 days, depth is 25cm, ridging after raking, the control of ridge face width degree is 1.3m, and ridge is highly
40cm, pours permeable；
（4）, build greenhouse
South-north direction greenhouse is built after site preparation, the control of canopy length is 30m, and the wide control of canopy is 2.5m, the high 2.3m of ceiling, cladding thickness
For the thick canopy films of 0.55mm, the film rolling device of ventilation is provided for outside canopy, and fertigation system is installed, it is vexed under High temperature
Canopy 25 days；
（5）, selection cuttings
Choose the full sturdy, eye of growth, no disease and pests harm and 1 year raw branch of aging lignifying completely is used as cuttings；
（6）, cuttage and seedling culture
Cut in cuttings upper end clip away from stump at bud 1cm, lower end clip is tiltedly cut at section 0.5cm, and cuttings base portion 1.5cm is put
Enter in treatment fluid and dip, prepare cuttage and seedling culture；
Nutrition Soil is set in preparing nursery bed, seedbed, the oblique skewer of cuttings entered in Nutrition Soil, cuttings eye exposes on the upside of branch
Ground 1.5cm, waters in good time after cuttage, and spike length to be inserted obtains grape nursery stock to 1.1m, prepares to transplant；
（7）, transplant
By step（6）Obtained grape nursery stock is transplanted into plantation field, and grape seedling is transplanted into big Tanaka, and spacing in the rows control is
1.1m；
（8）, rich water quality management
Water, topdressed after transplanting 2 times in good time, every mu imposes organic fertilizer 100kg every time；
（9）, daily management
Including cutting back, pinching, bud picking, except sublateral shoot, trimming auxiliary support branch；
（10）, fruit bagging
Bagging preventing and treating fruit pest and disease damage is carried out when grape fruit a diameter of 0.6cm；
（11）, harvesting.
Wherein, the step（3）In matrix include following part count raw material：45 parts of livestock waste, 31 parts of quick lime, bubble
12 parts of 29 parts of paulownia sawdust, 27 parts of castor leaf powder, 23 parts of humic acid, 21 parts of vinasse, 16 parts of bone meal and ferrous sulfate.
Wherein, the step（6）In treatment fluid include following part count raw material：45 parts of the fleece-flower root, 37 parts of Kelp Powder, trifoliate orange
200 parts of 32 parts of shell, 25 parts of the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, 16 parts of zinc gluconate, 11 parts of Nafusaku and water.
Wherein, the preparation method of the treatment fluid is：The fleece-flower root, Kelp Powder, Fructus Aurantii and the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine were ground 120
Mesh sieve, is put into water and boils, and filters to get filtrate, and filtrate is dried in the air to normal temperature and adds zinc gluconate and Nafusaku, after mixing
The treatment fluid is made.
Wherein, the step（6）Middle cuttings is put into dipped in treatment fluid before, cuttings is disappeared with ultraviolet germicidal lamp
Poison, disinfecting time is 30min.
Wherein, the step（7）The master root and radicula for transplanting the preceding grape nursery stock to mechanical damage are repaired, and are put into
10s is dipped in bactericidal liquid.
Wherein, the bactericidal liquid includes the raw material that following part is counted：26 parts of garlic, 21 parts of ginger, 16 parts of balsampear leaf, orange peel
7 parts of 11 parts, 9 parts of liquor potassic permanganate and hydrogen peroxide, pureed is pounded by garlic, ginger, balsampear leaf and orange peel, adds 8 times of water
Immersion 16h is stirred evenly, filtrate is obtained after filtering, liquor potassic permanganate and hydrogen peroxide are added into filtrate, is mixed evenly.
Wherein, the step（8）Rich water quality management also includes applying foliar fertilizer：Spray concentration is 0.4% boron fertilizer 2 before flowering
It is secondary, Post flowering spray concentration for 0.4% magnesium sulfate 2 times, thank spend after spray concentration be 0.3% ferrous sulfate 2 times, adopting
Pluck the zinc sulfate 2 times that rear spray concentration is 0.3%.
Wherein, the step（8）Middle organic fertilizer includes the raw material that following part is counted：21 parts of coconut palm chaff, 18 parts of rice bran, plant ash 14
Part, 11 parts of cow dung, 9 parts of vermiculite, 9 parts of urea, 8 parts of ammonium nitrate, 5 parts of sodium tetraborate, 4 parts of sucrose, 3 parts of calcium chloride, biphosphate
110 parts of 2 parts of potassium and water.
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, its according to
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can so be modified, or which part technical characteristic is equally replaced
Change.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the present invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of improve the grape planting process of pulp quality, it is characterised in that comprises the following steps：
（1）, selection of land
The clay loam field that soft, loose, ventilative and pH value range is 6.8 ~ 7.2 is selected as plantation field；
（2）, pretreatment
1 ~ 2 year plantation soybean or the sesame in plantation field before plantation grape；
（3）, site preparation
Harvest after soybean or sesame, remaining stalk in burning plantation field, covering a layer thickness is 2 ~ 3cm after burning terminates
Matrix, then 1 ~ 2cm of earthing；
After 3 ~ 5 days to plantation field deep plough, depth be 20 ~ 30cm, ridging after raking, ridge face width degree control be 1.2 ~
1.5m, ridge is highly 35 ~ 45cm, pours permeable；
（4）, build greenhouse
Build south-north direction greenhouse after site preparation, the control of canopy length is 20 ~ 40m, the wide control of canopy is 2 ~ 3m, the high 2.1 ~ 2.5m of ceiling,
Cladding thickness is to be provided for the film rolling device of ventilation outside the thick canopy films of 0.5 ~ 0.6mm, canopy, and installs fertigation system,
Close plastic shed 20 ~ 30 days under High temperature；
（5）, selection cuttings
Choose the full sturdy, eye of growth, no disease and pests harm and 1 ~ 2 year raw branch of aging lignifying completely is used as cuttings；
（6）, cuttage and seedling culture
Cut in cuttings upper end clip away from stump at bud 1cm, lower end clip is tiltedly cut at section 0.5cm, by 1~2cm of cuttings base portion
It is put into treatment fluid and dips, prepares cuttage and seedling culture；
Nutrition Soil is set in preparing nursery bed, seedbed, the oblique skewer of cuttings entered in Nutrition Soil, cuttings eye exposes on the upside of branch
1 ~ 2cm of ground, waters in good time after cuttage, and spike length to be inserted obtains grape nursery stock to 1 ~ 1.2m, prepares to transplant；
（7）, transplant
By step（6）Obtained grape nursery stock is transplanted into plantation field, and grape seedling is transplanted into big Tanaka, spacing in the rows control for 1 ~
1.2m；
（8）, rich water quality management
Water, topdressed after transplanting 1 ~ 2 time in good time, every mu imposes 90 ~ 120kg of organic fertilizer every time；
（9）, daily management
Including cutting back, pinching, bud picking, except sublateral shoot, trimming auxiliary support branch；
（10）, fruit bagging
Bagging preventing and treating fruit pest and disease damage is carried out when grape fruit a diameter of 0.5 ~ 0.8cm；
（11）, harvesting.
2. according to claim 1 improve the grape planting process of pulp quality, it is characterised in that the step（3）In
Matrix include following part count raw material：35 ~ 45 parts of livestock waste, 30 ~ 31 parts of quick lime, 27 ~ 29 parts of paulownia sawdust, castor leaf
10 ~ 12 parts of 25 ~ 27 parts of powder, 22 ~ 23 parts of humic acid, 20 ~ 21 parts of vinasse, 15 ~ 16 parts of bone meal and ferrous sulfate.
3. according to claim 1 improve the grape planting process of pulp quality, it is characterised in that the step（6）In
Treatment fluid include following part count raw material：40 ~ 45 parts of the fleece-flower root, 35 ~ 37 parts of Kelp Powder, 30 ~ 32 parts of Fructus Aurantii, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine 22 ~
180 ~ 200 parts of 25 parts, 15 ~ 16 parts of zinc gluconate, 10 ~ 11 parts of Nafusaku and water.
4. according to claim 3 improve the grape planting process of pulp quality, it is characterised in that the system of the treatment fluid
Preparation Method is：The fleece-flower root, Kelp Powder, Fructus Aurantii and the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine were ground into 100 ~ 120 mesh sieves, is put into water and boils, was filtered
Filtrate is obtained, filtrate is dried in the air to normal temperature and adds zinc gluconate and Nafusaku, the treatment fluid is made after mixing.
5. according to claim 1 improve the grape planting process of pulp quality, it is characterised in that the step（6）In
Cuttings is put into dipped in treatment fluid before, cuttings is carried out disinfection with ultraviolet germicidal lamp, disinfecting time be 15 ~ 30min.
6. according to claim 1 improve the grape planting process of pulp quality, it is characterised in that the step（7）Move
The master root and radicula of the grape nursery stock of mechanical damage are repaired before planting, and is put into bactericidal liquid and dips 5 ~ 10s.
7. according to claim 6 improve the grape planting process of pulp quality, it is characterised in that the bactericidal liquid includes
The raw material of following part meter：22 ~ 26 parts of garlic, 18 ~ 21 parts of ginger, 14 ~ 16 parts of balsampear leaf, 9 ~ 11 parts of orange peel, potassium permanganate are molten
5 ~ 7 parts of 8 ~ 9 parts of liquid and hydrogen peroxide, pureed is pounded by garlic, ginger, balsampear leaf and orange peel, add 5 ~ 8 times of water stir evenly immersion 8 ~
16h, obtains filtrate after filtering, liquor potassic permanganate and hydrogen peroxide are added into filtrate, is mixed evenly.
8. according to claim 1 improve the grape planting process of pulp quality, it is characterised in that the step（8）Fertilizer
Water management also includes applying foliar fertilizer：Spray concentration is 0.2 ~ 0.4% boron fertilizer 1 ~ 2 time before flowering, is in Post flowering spray concentration
0.2 ~ 0.4% magnesium sulfate 1 ~ 2 time, thank spend after spray concentration be 0.2 ~ 0.3% ferrous sulfate 2 ~ 3 times, sprayed after harvesting
The zinc sulfate that concentration is 0.2 ~ 0.3% 2 times.
9. according to claim 1 improve the grape planting process of pulp quality, it is characterised in that the step（8）In
Organic fertilizer includes the raw material that following part is counted：20~21 parts of coconut palm chaff, 16~18 parts of rice bran, 12~14 parts of plant ash, cow dung 10~11
Part, 8~9 parts of vermiculite, 8~9 parts of urea, 6~8 parts of ammonium nitrate, 4~5 parts of sodium tetraborate, 3~4 parts of sucrose, 2~3 parts of calcium chloride,
100~110 parts of 1~2 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710585769.8A CN107306749A (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2017-07-18 | It is a kind of to improve the grape planting process of pulp quality |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710585769.8A CN107306749A (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2017-07-18 | It is a kind of to improve the grape planting process of pulp quality |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107306749A true CN107306749A (en) | 2017-11-03 |
Family
ID=60179204
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710585769.8A Withdrawn CN107306749A (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2017-07-18 | It is a kind of to improve the grape planting process of pulp quality |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107306749A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107873282A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-04-06 | 广西沙田仙人滩农业投资有限公司 | A kind of grape cuttage and seedling culture method |
| CN108849216A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-23 | 湘阴县南湖洲镇七姑塘现代农业专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of grape |
| CN109463144A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-15 | 南京八月果农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of Three Akebia Decne Species cuttage rapid propagation method |
| CN110037049A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-07-23 | 曾新华 | A kind of leaching fruit additive formulations reducing grape setting phase production mummy and big fruitlet |
| RU2760437C1 (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-11-25 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный Ростовский аграрный научный центр" (ФГБНУ ФРАНЦ) | Method for obtaining graphed grape seedlings and planting plants on saline and phyloxerenic soils |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103168608A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2013-06-26 | 曾小虎 | Grape cuttage root-forcing growing method |
| CN103461059A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2013-12-25 | 韩广才 | Grape planting method |
| CN104285756A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2015-01-21 | 广西壮族自治区金秀瑶族自治县科学技术情报研究所 | Wild grape cuttage seedling culturing method |
| CN104303944A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-01-28 | 重庆地皇农业发展有限公司 | Pollution-free grape planting method |
| CN106069563A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-09 | 枞阳县白云生态园林有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of high malaga |
| CN106069562A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-09 | 枞阳县白云生态园林有限责任公司 | A kind of method of quickly breeding Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling |
| CN106134699A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-23 | 新昌县七星街道鑫瑞机械厂 | A kind of implantation methods of grape |
| CN106665267A (en) * | 2016-11-26 | 2017-05-17 | 阜阳金满地生态农业科技股份有限公司 | Cultivation method of drought resistant grape cutting seedlings |
| CN106922375A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-07-07 | 黄勇 | A kind of cultural method of big shed eggplant |
| CN106942007A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2017-07-14 | 王慧平 | A kind of grape high-yield planting technology |
-
2017
- 2017-07-18 CN CN201710585769.8A patent/CN107306749A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103168608A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2013-06-26 | 曾小虎 | Grape cuttage root-forcing growing method |
| CN103461059A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2013-12-25 | 韩广才 | Grape planting method |
| CN104285756A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2015-01-21 | 广西壮族自治区金秀瑶族自治县科学技术情报研究所 | Wild grape cuttage seedling culturing method |
| CN104303944A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-01-28 | 重庆地皇农业发展有限公司 | Pollution-free grape planting method |
| CN106942007A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2017-07-14 | 王慧平 | A kind of grape high-yield planting technology |
| CN106069563A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-09 | 枞阳县白云生态园林有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of high malaga |
| CN106069562A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-09 | 枞阳县白云生态园林有限责任公司 | A kind of method of quickly breeding Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling |
| CN106134699A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-23 | 新昌县七星街道鑫瑞机械厂 | A kind of implantation methods of grape |
| CN106665267A (en) * | 2016-11-26 | 2017-05-17 | 阜阳金满地生态农业科技股份有限公司 | Cultivation method of drought resistant grape cutting seedlings |
| CN106922375A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-07-07 | 黄勇 | A kind of cultural method of big shed eggplant |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107873282A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-04-06 | 广西沙田仙人滩农业投资有限公司 | A kind of grape cuttage and seedling culture method |
| CN108849216A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-23 | 湘阴县南湖洲镇七姑塘现代农业专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of grape |
| CN109463144A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-15 | 南京八月果农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of Three Akebia Decne Species cuttage rapid propagation method |
| CN110037049A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-07-23 | 曾新华 | A kind of leaching fruit additive formulations reducing grape setting phase production mummy and big fruitlet |
| RU2760437C1 (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-11-25 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный Ростовский аграрный научный центр" (ФГБНУ ФРАНЦ) | Method for obtaining graphed grape seedlings and planting plants on saline and phyloxerenic soils |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104206223B (en) | A kind of cultivation method of blueberry | |
| CN103283450B (en) | Golden camellia bud seedling stock grafting propagation method | |
| CN102763551B (en) | Cuttage and breeding technology for ampelopsis grossedentata | |
| CN107306749A (en) | It is a kind of to improve the grape planting process of pulp quality | |
| CN102293111A (en) | Method for raising seedlings by cutting olives | |
| CN106961982A (en) | A kind of greenhouse strawberry method for non-polluted cultivation | |
| Khatamova et al. | The Peach Propagation Methods | |
| CN105284346A (en) | Method for planting spinach | |
| CN103460954A (en) | Early-stage culture method for white gourd | |
| CN108738960A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of citrus | |
| CN111955259A (en) | Long-spike cutting breeding method for tea trees | |
| CN109380069A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of tomato | |
| CN104025874A (en) | Organic planting method of celery | |
| CN110583459A (en) | Method for breeding potato breeder seeds by using coconut coir as matrix | |
| CN106857168A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of longan | |
| CN111316877A (en) | Cassava lodging-resistant efficient yield-increasing cultivation method | |
| CN107432187A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of organic Se-rich Guangchang Nymphaea alba | |
| CN107371720A (en) | A kind of paris polyphylla efficient cultivation method | |
| CN109496724A (en) | A kind of efficient implantation methods of tassel flower | |
| CN106818388A (en) | A kind of lemon orchard zoology breeding method | |
| CN103650832A (en) | Tomato early cultivation method | |
| CN103430680A (en) | Fertilizing method by utilizing biogas manure in vegetable cultivation | |
| CN106034604A (en) | Plantation method of dragon fruits | |
| CN109168846A (en) | The ecology planting method in tea place | |
| CN107211820A (en) | A kind of Cuiguan pear cuttage planting method for improving yield |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20171103 |
|
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |