CN106069563A - A kind of implantation methods of high malaga - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of high malaga Download PDFInfo
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- CN106069563A CN106069563A CN201610430597.2A CN201610430597A CN106069563A CN 106069563 A CN106069563 A CN 106069563A CN 201610430597 A CN201610430597 A CN 201610430597A CN 106069563 A CN106069563 A CN 106069563A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/36—Rutaceae [Rue family], e.g. lime, orange, lemon, corktree or pricklyash
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Abstract
The invention discloses the implantation methods of a kind of high malaga, comprise the steps: that (1) grape seedlings is cultivated, (2) grape seedlings is planted surely, (3) manage after determining to plant.This implantation methods to plantation field, seedling quality, determine the key factors such as cultivating method, rich water quality management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and carried out rational optimization, under the comprehensive function of each step, the per mu yield of Fructus Vitis viniferae can improve about 30%, most kind per mu yields can reach more than 4000kg, and ferrum, the Zn content in Fructus Vitis viniferae can improve 30 ~ 35%, Vitamin C content can improve 25 ~ 30%, the Fructus Vitis viniferae full grains that educate, mellow and full uniformly, period of maturation is advanced by about 12 days, almost without drug residue, edibility is higher, the great market competitiveness.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of planting, be specifically related to the implantation methods of a kind of high malaga.
Background technology
Fructus Vitis viniferae, is named again Jambul, is Vitis defoliation liana, is one of big fruit in the world four, and in China, cultivation is existing
The history of thousand.Fructus Vitis viniferae, in addition to edible as fresh fruit, is mainly used in wine brewing, additionally it is possible to make Sucus Vitis viniferae, dried Fructus Vitis viniferae and canned food etc.
Processed goods.In Fructus Vitis viniferae containing protein, aminoacid, lecithin, mineral calcium, potassium, phosphorus, ferrum and vitamin B1, B2, B6, C,
P and sugar (glucose) etc., the most directly absorbed by the body so that its delicious taste, to be of high nutritive value, have improvement sleep,
The effects such as qi-restoratives stomach invigorating, nourishing the liver, welcomed by the people.
Fruiting period and the yield of Fructus Vitis viniferae are determined by many factors, such as Site soil, seedling quality, method for transplanting, fertilizer
Water management, pruning, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control etc. are all to determine Fructus Vitis viniferae fruiting period and the key factor of yield, and Fructus Vitis viniferae fruiting period
Sooner or later and yield number directly affect again the economic benefit of orchard worker.In existing grape planting process, the collocation of each stage does not conforms to
Reason, even creates the effect of suppression mutually between different factors, finally had a strong impact on the benefit of plantation, the Portugal of existing most kinds
Grape per mu yield is all at below 3000kg, and planting benefit still needs to promote further.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems referred to above, the invention provides the implantation methods of a kind of high malaga.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The implantation methods of a kind of high malaga, comprises the steps:
(1) grape seedlings is cultivated:
1) cutting is chosen: choose that growth is vigorous, eye is full, without life in 1 year of pest and disease damage or 2 years raw vine branches as slotting
Fringe, spike length 16 ~ 20cm, then to cut at cutting upper end clip stump at bud 1.5cm, lower end clip is oblique at joint 0.7cm
Cut standby；
2) prepared by cutting medium:
Weigh 30 parts of peat soils, 6 portions of bagasse and 2 parts of perlites the most by weight；
The most first bagasse is put into immersion 1.5h in the hydrochloric acid solution that mass fraction is 3%, does with deionized water rinsing after taking-up
Only, then it is thermally dried by the temperature of 60 ~ 65 DEG C, when the most overall water content is 40 ~ 45%, places in air blasting machine
Carrying out air blasting process, place in the mixed liquor of its quality 2 times and soak 20min after air blasting process, period does not stop stirring, finally uses
The mixed liquor filling bagasse is thermally dried by the temperature of 50 ~ 55 DEG C, and the water content to bagasse is not more than 10%, must change
Property bagasse is standby；Described mixed liquor is made up of the material of following weight portion: 2 parts of carbamide, 1 part of potassium fulvate, 0.5 part of sulphuric acid Asia
Ferrum, 0.3 part of manganese sulfate, 0.3 part of zinc sulfate, 100 parts of water；Bagasse is carried out aforesaid way modified, bagasse can be improved
Absorption property, reduces the turnover rate of nutrient substance, can adsorb again the harmful substances such as some heavy metals, and the growth for cutting provides
The growing environment of safety and Health, can induce again the growth of cutting root simultaneously；
C. cutting medium is i.e. obtained after peat soil, the modified bagasse of step b gained and perlite fully being puddled uniformly；
3) prepared by root treatment fluid:
A. take appropriate root-inducing powder and dissolve in water, be made into the rooting powder solution that concentration is 30 ~ 40mg/L；
B. in rooting powder solution, the glucose of its gross mass 2%, 1% water-soluble chitosan and 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate are added, so
Post-heating keeps solution temperature to be 40 ~ 45 DEG C, and stirs with the rotating speed of 200 ~ 300 revs/min；
4) prepared by nutritional solution:
Weigh 15 parts of Radix primulae maximowiczii, 10 parts of Folium Aloes, 8 parts of red building roots, 2 parts of compound vitamines, 2 parts of compounded aminos the most by weight
Acid, 1 part of stearic acid sodium；
B. Radix primulae maximowiczii, Folium Aloe and red building root being put in the clear water of its gross mass 3 times, boiling water decocts 15min, and period is used simultaneously
Ultrasound wave carries out assisted extraction, is first ultrasonic extraction 5min of 35KHz by frequency, and reuse frequency is that the ultrasound wave of 38KHz carries
Taking 5min, last reuse frequency is ultrasonic extraction 5min of 42KHz, filters to get filtrate standby；
C. compound vitamin, aminoacids complex and stearic acid sodium are put in filtrate jointly, be stirred continuously to uniformly；
5) cutting processes:
A. in the centre of cutting, cut off a upper-lower height be 4 ~ 6mm, breach around cutting 1/4 ~ 1/3 circumference, then split at this
Cover flap sponge on mouth, and be fixed on cutting with rubber band；
B., the lower end clip of cutting is put into immersion 5 ~ 6h in root treatment fluid, and the temperature of period heating holding root treatment fluid is
38 ~ 42 DEG C, take out standby after completing；
6) cutting field planting: the cutting after processing is colonizated on cutting medium, and the field planting degree of depth is the 1/3 of cutting length, every square
250 ~ 260 cutting of meter Ding Zhi；
7) managing after field planting: after cutting field planting, the sponge on cutting breach sprayed nutritional solution, three times a day, the most often every day
The fountain height of root cutting is 3 ~ 5g, sprays continuously 10 ~ 15 days, obtains grape seedlings, moved when cutting seedling length to 40 ~ 50cm height
Go out and remove rubber band and sponge is standby；
(2) grape seedlings is planted surely:
1) wholely: selecting to have a good transport service and can arrange the farmland that can fill as planting field, south-north direction is ditched, ditch depth 30 ~
40cm, furrow width 30 ~ 40cm, ditch, away from 80 ~ 100cm, spreads the farm manure of 10 ~ 15cm at bottom of trench, the most again on farm manure upper berth 5 ~
The bean cake of 7cm, buries soil covering the most again, and piling a height is the bar shaped mound shape of 8 ~ 10cm, then allows its natural fermentation 10 ~ 15
After it standby；
2) seedling exercising is planted surely: the seedling exercising that the grape seedlings being first bred as step (1) is carried out 2 weeks processes, and the most surely plants it in upper step
The plantation Tanaka handled well, surely plants in the way of spacing in the rows is 60 ~ 70cm on bar shaped mound, then waters the most permeable；
(3) manage after fixed cultivation:
1) fixed plant then: after surely planting 2 months, mu sealing fertilizer 15 ~ 18kg, enter mu sealing fertilizer 10 ~ 15kg before the winter, carbamide 5 ~
8kg, all water after fertilising every time permeable once；On ordinary days keep plantation field ground moistening；
2) surely plant Second Year to start:
Apply fertilizer 3 the most annual ~ May 2 ~ 3 times, mu sealing fertilizer 20 ~ 25kg；Apply fertilizer 1 ~ 2 time before Fructus Vitis viniferae stone after date to fruit picking,
Mu sealing fertilizer 25 ~ 30kg, potassium sulfate 10 ~ 15kg, manganese sulfate 1 ~ 2kg, zinc sulfate 1 ~ 2kg；Apply fertilizer 1 time after picking fruit, mu
Sealing fertilizer 20 ~ 25kg, potassium fulvate 5 ~ 7kg, ferrous sulfate 1 ~ 2kg, zinc molybdate 3 ~ 4kg, boron fertilizer 2 ~ 3kg；Enter fertilising 1 before the winter
Secondary, mu sealing fertilizer 20 ~ 25kg, carbamide 10 ~ 15kg；Every time after fertilising all correspondence water permeable once, on ordinary days keep plantation field soil
Earth moistens；
B. annual when Fructus Vitis viniferae length to Semen Glycines size, carry out one-week ultrasonic Treatment, every day in the morning 9.00 ~ 10.00,
Afternoon 13.00 ~ 14.00 and evening 20.00 ~ 21.00 carry out the ultrasonic Treatment of duration 1h respectively, process 3h every day, locate continuously
Managing one week, the ultrasonic frequency every time applied is 34.5KHz；This stage applies ultrasonic Treatment and can promote sending out of grape fruit
Educating, shorten its ripe duration, be conducive to again the accumulation of its nutrient, the single fruit weight after process can promote 5 ~ 10%, execute too early or too late
The effect added all can decline；
C., during grape growth, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, described Fructus Vitis viniferae special plant source agriculture are carried out with Fructus Vitis viniferae special plant source pesticide
Medicine is made up of the material of following weight portion: 12 parts of Folium olive, 6 parts of Semen Momordicaes, 8 parts of Folium Meliaes, 4 parts of Herba Astragali Melilotoidiss, 5 parts of Herba Agrimoniaes, 3
Part Radix Sanguisorbae, 4 parts of Pericarpium Zanthoxylies, 4 parts of Cortex cinnamomi japonici (Ramulus Cinnamomi)s, 7 parts of Cortex Phellodendris, 5 parts of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalaes, 4 parts of modified starch solutions；Described modified starch solution is by as follows
The material of weight portion is made: 30 parts of starch, 3 parts of modified alta-muds, 0.2 part of dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate, 0.3 part of sorbitan fatty
Acid esters, 0.6 part of Butylated hydroxyanisole, 1 part of vitamin C, 0.5 part of chitin, 1 part of citric acid, 0.5 part of xylitol；
D., after grape maturity, in time Fructus Vitis viniferae is gathered.
Further, step (1) operation 2) described in air blasting temperature when processing be 266 DEG C, pressure be 10MPa.
Further, step (1) operation 4) described in compound vitamin containing vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin
B6, vitamin C and vitamin E, containing methionine, lysine, glycine, glutamic acid and phenylpropyl alcohol ammonia in described aminoacids complex
Acid.
Further, step (3) operation 2) described in method for preparing modified bentonite be: first bentonite is put into quality
Mark be 5% hydrochloric acid solution in soaking and washing 20min, put under 780 DEG C of environment calcining 2h after taking-up, after taking-up, use ball mill
Being crushed to granular size is 400 ~ 500 mesh.
Further, step (3) operation 2) described in the preparation method of modified starch solution be:
A. jointly being mixed by the clear water of starch with its gross mass 2.5 times, heating keeps water temperature to be 80 ~ 88 DEG C, gelatinizing 30 ~ 40min
After solution A standby, period is stirred continuously；
B. jointly being mixed by the clear water of modified alta-mud with its quality 3 times, heating keeps water temperature to be 40 ~ 45 DEG C, adds 12
Sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, Span and Butylated hydroxyanisole, after mix and blend 15min, then by vitamin C, carapace
Element, citric acid and xylitol add, and continue stirring 15min, obtain solution B standby；
C. the temperature keeping solution B is 40 ~ 45 DEG C, and the temperature keeping solution A is 80 ~ 88 DEG C, solution B is joined in solution A,
And be stirred with the rotating speed of 300 ~ 350 turns/min, it is molten that, composition constant until solution temperature i.e. obtains modified starch after being uniformly dispersed
Liquid.
Further, step (3) operation 2) described in the preparation method of Fructus Vitis viniferae special plant source pesticide, including walking as follows
Rapid:
A. Folium olive, Semen Momordicae, Folium Meliae, Herba Astragali Melilotoidis, Herba Agrimoniae, Radix Sanguisorbae, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, Cortex cinnamomi japonici (Ramulus Cinnamomi), Cortex Phellodendri and the Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae are put into jointly
In cellar, the temperature keeping cellar is 40 ~ 45 DEG C, takes out standby after placing 5 ~ 7 days；
B. with clear water to step (1) process after composition be rinsed, dry standby；
C. Semen Momordicae, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli and Cortex cinnamomi japonici (Ramulus Cinnamomi) jointly being put into and fill in the marmite frying sand, heating keeps temperature to be 100 ~ 105 DEG C, no
Disconnected stir-fry, take out after 15 ~ 18min parch medicine A is standby；
D. jointly putting in the marmite filling Testa Tritici by Herba Astragali Melilotoidis, Cortex Phellodendri and the Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, heating keeps temperature to be 95 ~ 100 DEG C, constantly
Stir-fry, take out after 10 ~ 15min parch medicine B is standby；
E. Folium olive, Folium Meliae, Herba Agrimoniae, Radix Sanguisorbae and parch medicine A, parch medicine B are mixed jointly, cross 60 mesh after pulverizing, then
Put into circulation extraction 20 ~ 24h in the ethanol solution that mass fraction is 75% of its gross mass 3 times, obtain extracting solution standby；
F. by common with modified starch solution for the extracting solution of step (5) gained mix homogeneously get product.
There is advantages that
(1) quality of Fructus Vitis viniferae seedling is to determine the basis of follow-up vintage, method for culturing seedlings of the present invention to cutting, cutting medium,
Key step composition during the cuttages such as root treatment fluid, nutritional solution has carried out special rational process, is processed by root
Liquid and the comprehensive applying of nutritional solution, improve rooting rate and the quality of rooting of cutting, improve at traditional single applying root
Reason liquid easily causes the phenomenon that quality is uneven, subsequent growth is weak；At the breach of cutting central authorities, apply nutritional solution, use more
For directly, its action effect is more preferable, can not only improve the utilization rate of nutritional solution material composition, can guarantee that again the growth that cutting is overall
Quality and follow-up growing way；Under the comprehensive function of each step, this method for culturing seedlings can be bred as finished product Fructus Vitis viniferae cuttage for 15 ~ 17 days
Seedling, shortens about 7 days than traditional method, and the incubation rate of cutting reaches more than 99%, the Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling transplant survival after bringing out
Rate reaches more than 99.5%, and the cultivation for follow-up Fructus Vitis viniferae is had laid a good foundation.
(2) yield and quality of the Fructus Vitis viniferae of exerting one's influence of pesticide, Fructus Vitis viniferae special plant source pesticide main component of the present invention
To extract from Chinese herbal medicine and obtain, compared with traditional organic agricultural chemicals, have safety, low toxicity, have no irritating odor, will not produce anti-
The advantage of the property of medicine, after the most compounding, its disinfection and deinsectization effect is notable, coordinates the interpolation of modified starch, and its stability is more
Well, being not easily decomposed, modified starch can adsorb again the excess ingredients in medicine simultaneously, reduces the drug residue of fruit further；This
Outward, the extract component of Chinese herbal medicine contains various nutritional labeling, contains again the compositions such as organized enzyme, polyphenoils, positive growth factor,
Grape quality can be improved, improve the no seed rate of Fructus Vitis viniferae, enhance its effect reducing body's cholesterol level.
(3) this implantation methods is to planting field, seedling quality, determining the key factors such as cultivating method, rich water quality management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Having carried out rational optimization, under the comprehensive function of each step, the per mu yield of Fructus Vitis viniferae can improve about 30%, most kind per mu yields
Amount can reach the ferrum in more than 4000kg, and Fructus Vitis viniferae, Zn content can improve 30 ~ 35%, and Vitamin C content can improve 25 ~ 30%, educates
Fructus Vitis viniferae full grains, it is mellow and full that uniformly the period of maturation is advanced by about 12 days, almost without drug residue, edibility is higher,
The great market competitiveness.
Detailed description of the invention
The implantation methods of a kind of high malaga, comprises the steps:
(1) grape seedlings is cultivated:
1) cutting is chosen: choose that growth is vigorous, eye is full, without life in 1 year of pest and disease damage or 2 years raw vine branches as slotting
Fringe, spike length 16 ~ 20cm, then to cut at cutting upper end clip stump at bud 1.5cm, lower end clip is oblique at joint 0.7cm
Cut standby；
2) prepared by cutting medium:
Weigh 30 parts of peat soils, 6 portions of bagasse and 2 parts of perlites the most by weight；
The most first bagasse is put into immersion 1.5h in the hydrochloric acid solution that mass fraction is 3%, does with deionized water rinsing after taking-up
Only, then it is thermally dried by the temperature of 60 ~ 65 DEG C, when the most overall water content is 40 ~ 45%, places in air blasting machine
Carrying out air blasting process, place in the mixed liquor of its quality 2 times and soak 20min after air blasting process, period does not stop stirring, finally uses
The mixed liquor filling bagasse is thermally dried by the temperature of 50 ~ 55 DEG C, and the water content to bagasse is not more than 10%, must change
Property bagasse is standby；Described mixed liquor is made up of the material of following weight portion: 2 parts of carbamide, 1 part of potassium fulvate, 0.5 part of sulphuric acid Asia
Ferrum, 0.3 part of manganese sulfate, 0.3 part of zinc sulfate, 100 parts of water；
C. cutting medium is i.e. obtained after peat soil, the modified bagasse of step b gained and perlite fully being puddled uniformly；
3) prepared by root treatment fluid:
A. take appropriate root-inducing powder and dissolve in water, be made into the rooting powder solution that concentration is 30 ~ 40mg/L；
B. in rooting powder solution, the glucose of its gross mass 2%, 1% water-soluble chitosan and 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate are added, so
Post-heating keeps solution temperature to be 40 ~ 45 DEG C, and stirs with the rotating speed of 200 ~ 300 revs/min；
4) prepared by nutritional solution:
Weigh 15 parts of Radix primulae maximowiczii, 10 parts of Folium Aloes, 8 parts of red building roots, 2 parts of compound vitamines, 2 parts of compounded aminos the most by weight
Acid, 1 part of stearic acid sodium；
B. Radix primulae maximowiczii, Folium Aloe and red building root being put in the clear water of its gross mass 3 times, boiling water decocts 15min, and period is used simultaneously
Ultrasound wave carries out assisted extraction, is first ultrasonic extraction 5min of 35KHz by frequency, and reuse frequency is that the ultrasound wave of 38KHz carries
Taking 5min, last reuse frequency is ultrasonic extraction 5min of 42KHz, filters to get filtrate standby；
C. compound vitamin, aminoacids complex and stearic acid sodium are put in filtrate jointly, be stirred continuously to uniformly；
5) cutting processes:
A. in the centre of cutting, cut off a upper-lower height be 4 ~ 6mm, breach around cutting 1/4 ~ 1/3 circumference, then split at this
Cover flap sponge on mouth, and be fixed on cutting with rubber band；
B., the lower end clip of cutting is put into immersion 5 ~ 6h in root treatment fluid, and the temperature of period heating holding root treatment fluid is
38 ~ 42 DEG C, take out standby after completing；
6) cutting field planting: the cutting after processing is colonizated on cutting medium, and the field planting degree of depth is the 1/3 of cutting length, every square
250 ~ 260 cutting of meter Ding Zhi；
7) managing after field planting: after cutting field planting, the sponge on cutting breach sprayed nutritional solution, three times a day, the most often every day
The fountain height of root cutting is 3 ~ 5g, sprays continuously 10 ~ 15 days, obtains grape seedlings, moved when cutting seedling length to 40 ~ 50cm height
Go out and remove rubber band and sponge is standby；
(2) grape seedlings is planted surely:
1) wholely: selecting to have a good transport service and can arrange the farmland that can fill as planting field, south-north direction is ditched, ditch depth 30 ~
40cm, furrow width 30 ~ 40cm, ditch, away from 80 ~ 100cm, spreads the farm manure of 10 ~ 15cm at bottom of trench, the most again on farm manure upper berth 5 ~
The bean cake of 7cm, buries soil covering the most again, and piling a height is the bar shaped mound shape of 8 ~ 10cm, then allows its natural fermentation 10 ~ 15
After it standby；
2) seedling exercising is planted surely: the seedling exercising that the grape seedlings being first bred as step (1) is carried out 2 weeks processes, and the most surely plants it in upper step
The plantation Tanaka handled well, surely plants in the way of spacing in the rows is 60 ~ 70cm on bar shaped mound, then waters the most permeable；
(3) manage after fixed cultivation:
1) fixed plant then: after surely planting 2 months, mu sealing fertilizer 15 ~ 18kg, enter mu sealing fertilizer 10 ~ 15kg before the winter, carbamide 5 ~
8kg, all water after fertilising every time permeable once；On ordinary days keep plantation field ground moistening；
2) surely plant Second Year to start:
Apply fertilizer 3 the most annual ~ May 2 ~ 3 times, mu sealing fertilizer 20 ~ 25kg；Apply fertilizer 1 ~ 2 time before Fructus Vitis viniferae stone after date to fruit picking,
Mu sealing fertilizer 25 ~ 30kg, potassium sulfate 10 ~ 15kg, manganese sulfate 1 ~ 2kg, zinc sulfate 1 ~ 2kg；Apply fertilizer 1 time after picking fruit, mu
Sealing fertilizer 20 ~ 25kg, potassium fulvate 5 ~ 7kg, ferrous sulfate 1 ~ 2kg, zinc molybdate 3 ~ 4kg, boron fertilizer 2 ~ 3kg；Enter fertilising 1 before the winter
Secondary, mu sealing fertilizer 20 ~ 25kg, carbamide 10 ~ 15kg；Every time after fertilising all correspondence water permeable once, on ordinary days keep plantation field soil
Earth moistens；
B. annual when Fructus Vitis viniferae length to Semen Glycines size, carry out one-week ultrasonic Treatment, every day in the morning 9.00 ~ 10.00,
Afternoon 13.00 ~ 14.00 and evening 20.00 ~ 21.00 carry out the ultrasonic Treatment of duration 1h respectively, process 3h every day, locate continuously
Managing one week, the ultrasonic frequency every time applied is 34.5KHz；
C., during grape growth, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, described Fructus Vitis viniferae special plant source agriculture are carried out with Fructus Vitis viniferae special plant source pesticide
Medicine is made up of the material of following weight portion: 12 parts of Folium olive, 6 parts of Semen Momordicaes, 8 parts of Folium Meliaes, 4 parts of Herba Astragali Melilotoidiss, 5 parts of Herba Agrimoniaes, 3
Part Radix Sanguisorbae, 4 parts of Pericarpium Zanthoxylies, 4 parts of Cortex cinnamomi japonici (Ramulus Cinnamomi)s, 7 parts of Cortex Phellodendris, 5 parts of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalaes, 4 parts of modified starch solutions；Described modified starch solution is by as follows
The material of weight portion is made: 30 parts of starch, 3 parts of modified alta-muds, 0.2 part of dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate, 0.3 part of sorbitan fatty
Acid esters, 0.6 part of Butylated hydroxyanisole, 1 part of vitamin C, 0.5 part of chitin, 1 part of citric acid, 0.5 part of xylitol；
D., after grape maturity, in time Fructus Vitis viniferae is gathered.
Further, step (1) operation 2) described in air blasting temperature when processing be 266 DEG C, pressure be 10MPa.
Further, step (1) operation 4) described in compound vitamin containing vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin
B6, vitamin C and vitamin E, containing methionine, lysine, glycine, glutamic acid and phenylpropyl alcohol ammonia in described aminoacids complex
Acid.
Further, step (3) operation 2) described in method for preparing modified bentonite be: first bentonite is put into quality
Mark be 5% hydrochloric acid solution in soaking and washing 20min, put under 780 DEG C of environment calcining 2h after taking-up, after taking-up, use ball mill
Being crushed to granular size is 400 ~ 500 mesh.
Further, step (3) operation 2) described in the preparation method of modified starch solution be:
A. jointly being mixed by the clear water of starch with its gross mass 2.5 times, heating keeps water temperature to be 80 ~ 88 DEG C, gelatinizing 30 ~ 40min
After solution A standby, period is stirred continuously；
B. jointly being mixed by the clear water of modified alta-mud with its quality 3 times, heating keeps water temperature to be 40 ~ 45 DEG C, adds 12
Sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, Span and Butylated hydroxyanisole, after mix and blend 15min, then by vitamin C, carapace
Element, citric acid and xylitol add, and continue stirring 15min, obtain solution B standby；
C. the temperature keeping solution B is 40 ~ 45 DEG C, and the temperature keeping solution A is 80 ~ 88 DEG C, solution B is joined in solution A,
And be stirred with the rotating speed of 300 ~ 350 turns/min, it is molten that, composition constant until solution temperature i.e. obtains modified starch after being uniformly dispersed
Liquid.
Further, step (3) operation 2) described in the preparation method of Fructus Vitis viniferae special plant source pesticide, including walking as follows
Rapid:
A. Folium olive, Semen Momordicae, Folium Meliae, Herba Astragali Melilotoidis, Herba Agrimoniae, Radix Sanguisorbae, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, Cortex cinnamomi japonici (Ramulus Cinnamomi), Cortex Phellodendri and the Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae are put into jointly
In cellar, the temperature keeping cellar is 40 ~ 45 DEG C, takes out standby after placing 5 ~ 7 days；
B. with clear water to step (1) process after composition be rinsed, dry standby；
C. Semen Momordicae, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli and Cortex cinnamomi japonici (Ramulus Cinnamomi) jointly being put into and fill in the marmite frying sand, heating keeps temperature to be 100 ~ 105 DEG C, no
Disconnected stir-fry, take out after 15 ~ 18min parch medicine A is standby；
D. jointly putting in the marmite filling Testa Tritici by Herba Astragali Melilotoidis, Cortex Phellodendri and the Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, heating keeps temperature to be 95 ~ 100 DEG C, constantly
Stir-fry, take out after 10 ~ 15min parch medicine B is standby；
E. Folium olive, Folium Meliae, Herba Agrimoniae, Radix Sanguisorbae and parch medicine A, parch medicine B are mixed jointly, cross 60 mesh after pulverizing, then
Put into circulation extraction 20 ~ 24h in the ethanol solution that mass fraction is 75% of its gross mass 3 times, obtain extracting solution standby；
F. by common with modified starch solution for the extracting solution of step (5) gained mix homogeneously get product.
Claims (6)
1. the implantation methods of a high malaga, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) grape seedlings is cultivated:
1) cutting is chosen: choose that growth is vigorous, eye is full, without life in 1 year of pest and disease damage or 2 years raw vine branches as slotting
Fringe, spike length 16 ~ 20cm, then to cut at cutting upper end clip stump at bud 1.5cm, lower end clip is oblique at joint 0.7cm
Cut standby；
2) prepared by cutting medium:
Weigh 30 parts of peat soils, 6 portions of bagasse and 2 parts of perlites the most by weight；
The most first bagasse is put into immersion 1.5h in the hydrochloric acid solution that mass fraction is 3%, does with deionized water rinsing after taking-up
Only, then it is thermally dried by the temperature of 60 ~ 65 DEG C, when the most overall water content is 40 ~ 45%, places in air blasting machine
Carrying out air blasting process, place in the mixed liquor of its quality 2 times and soak 20min after air blasting process, period does not stop stirring, finally uses
The mixed liquor filling bagasse is thermally dried by the temperature of 50 ~ 55 DEG C, and the water content to bagasse is not more than 10%, must change
Property bagasse is standby；Described mixed liquor is made up of the material of following weight portion: 2 parts of carbamide, 1 part of potassium fulvate, 0.5 part of sulphuric acid Asia
Ferrum, 0.3 part of manganese sulfate, 0.3 part of zinc sulfate, 100 parts of water；
C. cutting medium is i.e. obtained after peat soil, the modified bagasse of step b gained and perlite fully being puddled uniformly；
3) prepared by root treatment fluid:
A. take appropriate root-inducing powder and dissolve in water, be made into the rooting powder solution that concentration is 30 ~ 40mg/L；
B. in rooting powder solution, the glucose of its gross mass 2%, 1% water-soluble chitosan and 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate are added, so
Post-heating keeps solution temperature to be 40 ~ 45 DEG C, and stirs with the rotating speed of 200 ~ 300 revs/min；
4) prepared by nutritional solution:
Weigh 15 parts of Radix primulae maximowiczii, 10 parts of Folium Aloes, 8 parts of red building roots, 2 parts of compound vitamines, 2 parts of compounded aminos the most by weight
Acid, 1 part of stearic acid sodium；
B. Radix primulae maximowiczii, Folium Aloe and red building root being put in the clear water of its gross mass 3 times, boiling water decocts 15min, and period is used simultaneously
Ultrasound wave carries out assisted extraction, is first ultrasonic extraction 5min of 35KHz by frequency, and reuse frequency is that the ultrasound wave of 38KHz carries
Taking 5min, last reuse frequency is ultrasonic extraction 5min of 42KHz, filters to get filtrate standby；
C. compound vitamin, aminoacids complex and stearic acid sodium are put in filtrate jointly, be stirred continuously to uniformly；
5) cutting processes:
A. in the centre of cutting, cut off a upper-lower height be 4 ~ 6mm, breach around cutting 1/4 ~ 1/3 circumference, then split at this
Cover flap sponge on mouth, and be fixed on cutting with rubber band；
B., the lower end clip of cutting is put into immersion 5 ~ 6h in root treatment fluid, and the temperature of period heating holding root treatment fluid is
38 ~ 42 DEG C, take out standby after completing；
6) cutting field planting: the cutting after processing is colonizated on cutting medium, and the field planting degree of depth is the 1/3 of cutting length, every square
250 ~ 260 cutting of meter Ding Zhi；
7) managing after field planting: after cutting field planting, the sponge on cutting breach sprayed nutritional solution, three times a day, the most often every day
The fountain height of root cutting is 3 ~ 5g, sprays continuously 10 ~ 15 days, obtains grape seedlings, moved when cutting seedling length to 40 ~ 50cm height
Go out and remove rubber band and sponge is standby；
(2) grape seedlings is planted surely:
1) wholely: selecting to have a good transport service and can arrange the farmland that can fill as planting field, south-north direction is ditched, ditch depth 30 ~
40cm, furrow width 30 ~ 40cm, ditch, away from 80 ~ 100cm, spreads the farm manure of 10 ~ 15cm at bottom of trench, the most again on farm manure upper berth 5 ~
The bean cake of 7cm, buries soil covering the most again, and piling a height is the bar shaped mound shape of 8 ~ 10cm, then allows its natural fermentation 10 ~ 15
After it standby；
2) seedling exercising is planted surely: the seedling exercising that the grape seedlings being first bred as step (1) is carried out 2 weeks processes, and the most surely plants it in upper step
The plantation Tanaka handled well, surely plants in the way of spacing in the rows is 60 ~ 70cm on bar shaped mound, then waters the most permeable；
(3) manage after fixed cultivation:
1) fixed plant then: after surely planting 2 months, mu sealing fertilizer 15 ~ 18kg, enter mu sealing fertilizer 10 ~ 15kg before the winter, carbamide 5 ~
8kg, all water after fertilising every time permeable once；On ordinary days keep plantation field ground moistening；
2) surely plant Second Year to start:
Apply fertilizer 3 the most annual ~ May 2 ~ 3 times, mu sealing fertilizer 20 ~ 25kg；Apply fertilizer 1 ~ 2 time before Fructus Vitis viniferae stone after date to fruit picking,
Mu sealing fertilizer 25 ~ 30kg, potassium sulfate 10 ~ 15kg, manganese sulfate 1 ~ 2kg, zinc sulfate 1 ~ 2kg；Apply fertilizer 1 time after picking fruit, mu
Sealing fertilizer 20 ~ 25kg, potassium fulvate 5 ~ 7kg, ferrous sulfate 1 ~ 2kg, zinc molybdate 3 ~ 4kg, boron fertilizer 2 ~ 3kg；Enter fertilising 1 before the winter
Secondary, mu sealing fertilizer 20 ~ 25kg, carbamide 10 ~ 15kg；Every time after fertilising all correspondence water permeable once, on ordinary days keep plantation field soil
Earth moistens；
B. annual when Fructus Vitis viniferae length to Semen Glycines size, carry out one-week ultrasonic Treatment, every day in the morning 9.00 ~ 10.00,
Afternoon 13.00 ~ 14.00 and evening 20.00 ~ 21.00 carry out the ultrasonic Treatment of duration 1h respectively, process 3h every day, locate continuously
Managing one week, the ultrasonic frequency every time applied is 34.5KHz；
C., during grape growth, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, described Fructus Vitis viniferae special plant source agriculture are carried out with Fructus Vitis viniferae special plant source pesticide
Medicine is made up of the material of following weight portion: 12 parts of Folium olive, 6 parts of Semen Momordicaes, 8 parts of Folium Meliaes, 4 parts of Herba Astragali Melilotoidiss, 5 parts of Herba Agrimoniaes, 3
Part Radix Sanguisorbae, 4 parts of Pericarpium Zanthoxylies, 4 parts of Cortex cinnamomi japonici (Ramulus Cinnamomi)s, 7 parts of Cortex Phellodendris, 5 parts of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalaes, 4 parts of modified starch solutions；Described modified starch solution is by as follows
The material of weight portion is made: 30 parts of starch, 3 parts of modified alta-muds, 0.2 part of dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate, 0.3 part of sorbitan fatty
Acid esters, 0.6 part of Butylated hydroxyanisole, 1 part of vitamin C, 0.5 part of chitin, 1 part of citric acid, 0.5 part of xylitol；
D., after grape maturity, in time Fructus Vitis viniferae is gathered.
The implantation methods of a kind of high malaga the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (1) operation 2) in institute
State temperature when air blasting processes be 266 DEG C, pressure be 10MPa.
The implantation methods of a kind of high malaga the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (1) operation 4) in institute
State containing vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin C and vitamin E in compound vitamin, in described aminoacids complex
Containing methionine, lysine, glycine, glutamic acid and phenylalanine.
The implantation methods of a kind of high malaga the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (3) operation 2) in institute
Stating method for preparing modified bentonite is: bentonite is first put into soaking and washing 20min in the hydrochloric acid solution that mass fraction is 5%,
Putting into calcining 2h under 780 DEG C of environment after taking-up, being crushed to granular size with ball mill after taking-up is 400 ~ 500 mesh.
The implantation methods of a kind of high malaga the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (3) operation 2) in institute
The preparation method stating modified starch solution is:
A. jointly being mixed by the clear water of starch with its gross mass 2.5 times, heating keeps water temperature to be 80 ~ 88 DEG C, gelatinizing 30 ~ 40min
After solution A standby, period is stirred continuously；
B. jointly being mixed by the clear water of modified alta-mud with its quality 3 times, heating keeps water temperature to be 40 ~ 45 DEG C, adds 12
Sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, Span and Butylated hydroxyanisole, after mix and blend 15min, then by vitamin C, carapace
Element, citric acid and xylitol add, and continue stirring 15min, obtain solution B standby；
C. the temperature keeping solution B is 40 ~ 45 DEG C, and the temperature keeping solution A is 80 ~ 88 DEG C, solution B is joined in solution A,
And be stirred with the rotating speed of 300 ~ 350 turns/min, it is molten that, composition constant until solution temperature i.e. obtains modified starch after being uniformly dispersed
Liquid.
The implantation methods of a kind of high malaga the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (3) operation 2) in institute
State the preparation method of Fructus Vitis viniferae special plant source pesticide, comprise the steps:
A. Folium olive, Semen Momordicae, Folium Meliae, Herba Astragali Melilotoidis, Herba Agrimoniae, Radix Sanguisorbae, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, Cortex cinnamomi japonici (Ramulus Cinnamomi), Cortex Phellodendri and the Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae are put into jointly
In cellar, the temperature keeping cellar is 40 ~ 45 DEG C, takes out standby after placing 5 ~ 7 days；
B. with clear water to step (1) process after composition be rinsed, dry standby；
C. Semen Momordicae, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli and Cortex cinnamomi japonici (Ramulus Cinnamomi) jointly being put into and fill in the marmite frying sand, heating keeps temperature to be 100 ~ 105 DEG C, no
Disconnected stir-fry, take out after 15 ~ 18min parch medicine A is standby；
D. jointly putting in the marmite filling Testa Tritici by Herba Astragali Melilotoidis, Cortex Phellodendri and the Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, heating keeps temperature to be 95 ~ 100 DEG C, constantly
Stir-fry, take out after 10 ~ 15min parch medicine B is standby；
E. Folium olive, Folium Meliae, Herba Agrimoniae, Radix Sanguisorbae and parch medicine A, parch medicine B are mixed jointly, cross 60 mesh after pulverizing, then
Put into circulation extraction 20 ~ 24h in the ethanol solution that mass fraction is 75% of its gross mass 3 times, obtain extracting solution standby；
F. by common with modified starch solution for the extracting solution of step (5) gained mix homogeneously get product.
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| CN110150020A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-08-23 | 贵州黎平长霖农业发展有限公司 | A kind of grape water-fertilizer integral water-saving fertilizer-saving efficient cultivation method |
| CN110122232A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-08-16 | 紫云自治县长萌农业科技开发有限责任公司 | A kind of cultural method improving subprostrate sophora seed fruit-setting rate and yield |
| CN110122232B (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2022-08-05 | 紫云自治县长萌农业科技开发有限责任公司 | Cultivation method for improving fruit setting rate and yield of subprostrate sophora seeds |
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| CN110076185A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-08-02 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | A kind of method of remediating heavy metal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon composite pollution soil |
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