CN105494012B - A kind of implantation methods improving dragon fruit sugar content - Google Patents

A kind of implantation methods improving dragon fruit sugar content Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105494012B
CN105494012B CN201510972670.4A CN201510972670A CN105494012B CN 105494012 B CN105494012 B CN 105494012B CN 201510972670 A CN201510972670 A CN 201510972670A CN 105494012 B CN105494012 B CN 105494012B
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parts
fertilizer
fruit
dragon fruit
plant
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CN201510972670.4A
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CN105494012A (en
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何树悠
黄日明
包鸿铭
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广西绿希望农业发展有限公司
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilizing, sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES, AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/38—Solanaceae [Potato family], e.g. nightshade, tomato, tobacco or chilli pepper
    • A01N65/385—Tobacco
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES, AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES, AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
    • A01N65/48—Zingiberaceae [Ginger family], e.g. ginger or galangal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • C05F11/08—Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of implantation methods improving dragon fruit sugar content, it is characterised in that：Include the steps that selection of land, nursery, field planting, trimming and finishing, fertilizer and water management, orchard management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.Biological organic fertilizer containing sugar and organic liquid active fertilizer are imposed on dragon fruit root, blade face and fruit by the present invention, to increase the sugar content of dragon fruit so that dragon fruit tastes more sweet taste, increases mouthfeel, fruit quality is improved, closely solves the problems, such as that current dragon fruit sugar content is relatively low.And using plant insecticide and botanical fungicide except insect pest technology also acts preferable insecticidal effect while ensureing nutrition, economic benefit is very notable.

Description

A kind of implantation methods improving dragon fruit sugar content

Technical field

The present invention relates to the cultural method of industrial crops, more particularly to a kind of implantation methods improving dragon fruit sugar content.

Background technology

Dragon fruit（Hylocereus undulatus Britt.), dragon fruit is also referred to as Hylocereus undatus, passion plant, Pitaya fruit, jade Long Guo；For the fruit of Cactaceae hylocereus platymiscium hylocereus, the Mexico and Brazil of Central-south America are originated in, manually Cultivation history has the centuries.The pericarp of dragon fruit takes on a red color pericarp with red elongated scale, and pulp is evenly distributed with sesame The color of the seed of shape, pulp has white, yellow, red, fruit and stem all edibles.In each hectogram dragon fruit pulp, contain 82.55 grams of moisture, 6.1 grams of carrotene, 0.17 gram of crude fat, 0.81 gram of protein, 1.21 grams of crude fibre, carbohydrate 13.91 grams, 59.65 kilocalories of heat, 1.62 grams of dietary fiber, 3.8 grams of vitamin C, 2.83 grams of fructose, 7.83 grams of glucose, calcium 5.45 milligrams, 24.6 milligrams of phosphorus, 0.552 milligram of iron and lot of anthocyanin（Red meat fruit kind is most rich）, aqueous soluble dietary albumen, plant Object albumin etc..Dragon fruit is sweet flat, and main nutrient composition has protein, dietary fiber, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, dimension life Plain C, iron, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium etc., the phase of abounding with are June to November.According to the research theory of relevant expert, scholar, the institute of dragon fruit To have a significant medicinal and health-care efficacy to health, mainly dragon fruit three kind material compositions rarer than general plant Special effect.These three material compositions are respectively " vegetable albumin ", " anthocyanidin ", " Polydextrose ".This three Content of the presence of kind material composition in addition containing multivitamin, a variety of amino acid is more abundanter than general fruits and vegetables class, so right The mankind are more beneficial.

Dragon fruit is adaptable, can be planted in provinces such as China Taiwan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, Fujian, Jiangxi, dragon fruit Not stringent to soil requirement, the more ground of level land, hilly ground, mountainous region, seashore sand ground, Stone Mountain muddy ground, salinity can plant, right Temperature is more sensitive, likes heat and is afraid of to tremble with fear；Therefore, dragon fruit is planted, how to overcome temperature change, moisture to lack, soil condition is poor, soil The problems such as retain water and nutrients energy force difference.Meanwhile it is also to need to need further exist for solving the problems, such as to select which kind of kind plantation.In addition, During artificial growth dragon fruit, due to largely applying the desinsection of inorganic chemical fertilizer, a variety of high toxicities sprayed, drug effect length Agent makes the residual quantity of chemical fertilizer in dragon fruit, pesticide severely exceed, after such food is eaten by people, will be remained in human body Heavy metal can seriously endanger the life security of people.

In addition, dragon fruit quality includes two aspects of exterior quality and interior quality.Appearance is to the shape of fruit, big Small, fruit colour, pericarp streak etc. are evaluated；And endoplasm includes pulp thickness, color and luster, meat, flavor and sugar content etc.. In above-mentioned numerous index of quality, sugar height is to weigh the leading indicator criticized fruit quality.Fruit quality is largely The type and quantity of contained sugar in fruit are depended on again.Dragon fruit is compared to sugar content for the public fruit such as peach, apple, grape Relatively low, this affects the sales volume of dragon fruit to a certain extent.Therefore in order to improve dragon fruit fruit quality, dragon fruit fruit is improved Real sugar content is very necessary.

Invention content

The purpose of invention is to provide a kind of implantation methods improving dragon fruit sugar content.The implantation methods will contain sugar Biological organic fertilizer and organic liquid active fertilizer impose on dragon fruit root, blade face and fruit, to increase the sugar content of dragon fruit, make It obtains dragon fruit and tastes more sweet taste, increase mouthfeel, improve fruit quality, it is lower closely to solve current dragon fruit sugar content Problem.

A kind of implantation methods of raising dragon fruit sugar content of the present invention include the following steps：

A kind of implantation methods improving dragon fruit sugar content, it is characterised in that：It is whole including site preparation, nursery, field planting, trimming The step of shape, fertilizer and water management, orchard management and prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；And using biological organic fertilizer and organic liquid active fertilizer to flue Fruit is applied fertilizer, and every plant applies 1-2kg Se-enriched bio-organic fertilizers and 0.5-1kg selenium-rich organics liquid active fertilizer；

The material composition and parts by weight of the biological organic fertilizer be ecological 60-70 parts of sheep manure, 20-25 parts of blackstrap, 0.5-3 parts of 10-20 parts of paulownia bran, 5-15 parts of turf, 5-10 parts of compound amino acid, bacillus subtilis and/or actinomyces live bacteria agent；

The organic liquid active fertilizer includes that the raw material of following parts by weight is made：Night soil 30-40, blackstrap 20-25 Part, 5-10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-10 parts of potassium chloride, 5-8 parts of chitosan, 10-15 parts of glucose, 6-10 parts of ammonium humate and Asia 3-6 parts of sodium selenate；Above-mentioned raw materials are sealed by fermentation 5-10 days and are obtained；Organic liquid active fertilizer is pressed when use:The weight ratio of water It is 1:2 dilutions.

The site preparation is：Selection it is loose it is ventilative, draining is good, water conservation moisture retention is strong, silt content is the sand of 50-70% Matter soil is planted, and improves soil with blackstrap, pig, cattle and sheep excrement and the mixed fermentate of probiotics, and whole using powder ridge machine powdery ridge Mixed fermentate is spread on ground by ground, is mixed fertilizer in soil using the rotary tillage of powdery ridge depth；

The nursery is：Nursery is carried out using cuttage mode, selects the annual above aging, robust growth, without disease pest Harmful rear fruitful branch of adopting is cut, and by the seedling anvil that its cutting back is 25-30cm, will be planted end with knife and is whittled into wedge, then with diluting 600 times Carbendazim solution is taken out inversion and is placed at shady and cool ventilation 2-3 hours after impregnating 1-2 minutes, then cuttage is in loose, ventilative, moistening Sandy loam seedbed in；

The field planting is：Be colonized in 3-4 months every year, when field planting, should weeds be first placed on cave bottom when backfill, table soil and Subsoil mixes with the fertilizer of equivalent fill out back respectively, and backfill face should be higher than that 3 centimetres of ground, wait the fertilizer in plant holes and soil shrinkage It can be colonized after stabilization；

The trimming and finishing is：After dragon fruit field planting, pinching when stem is grown to 1.5-1.8m promotees its top and grows side Branch, every is stayed bud 3, and top of breaking again when sprouting grows to 1.5m inspires second branch；It yields positive results the phase, fruiting branch and nutrition The lateral bud newly sprouted on branch is all dredged and is gone, while also to dredge bud all on nutrition branch；

The fertilizer and water management is：Base manure is used as before field planting after 1-3kg biological organic fertilizers are spread fertilizer over the fields in the cave bottom dug, in The annual biological organic fertilizer for applying Accelerate bloom by the end of March or at the beginning of 4 months, and coordinate and impose suitable nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer with the member that supplements the nutrients Element；Dragon fruit plant, which is thanked, spends rear fruiting period trickle irrigation organic liquid active fertilizer as top dressing；

The orchard management is：The spring tip is controlled, summer shoot of erasing protects leaf flower and fruit protecting, flower and fruit thinning after steady fruit, enhancing tree Gesture cultivates strong tree；Timely trimming is spent to malformed fruit, disease fruit disease, discovery, which has, is short of seedling, and should reseed in time, the plant reseeded will be reinforced Management；

The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is to heap wax powder a red-spotted lizard, red spider, ant, snail, shot hole, anthracnose, anthracnose, withered The prevention for disease of withering；Dragon fruit insect pest is prevented using plant insecticide, dragon fruit disease is prevented using botanical fungicide.

Further, the probiotics be saccharomycete, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, lactic acid bacteria, Trichoderma or Two or more in actinomyces.

Further, the production method of the biological organic fertilizer includes the following steps：In parts by weight by ecological sheep manure, useless sugar Honey, is uniformly mixed paulownia bran, turf, compound amino acid, obtains mixture；The withered grass gemma of parts by weight is added in the mixture Bacillus and/or actinomyces live bacteria agent, control moisture are uniformly mixed in 35%-50%, build heap, ferments 15-20 days at normal temperatures, i.e., Biological organic fertilizer can be obtained.

Further, the material composition of the plant insecticide and parts by weight are：25-35 parts of galangal, Chinese prickly ash 20-30 Part, 10-15 parts of tobacco, 5-10 parts of lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus), 2-4 parts of ginkgo leaf, 2-4 parts of cloves, 2-4 parts of fruit of washing one's hands.

Further, the material composition of the botanical fungicide and parts by weight are：25-35 parts of macleaya cordata, kuh-seng 20-30 Part, 10-15 parts of Baeckea frutescens L., 5-10 parts of Desmos chinensis, 5-10 parts of betel nut, 2-4 parts of stone-like omphalia, 2-4 parts of Sophora alopecuroide, 2-4 parts of fruit of washing one's hands.

Blackstrap（waste molasses）A kind of byproduct of sugar refinery, can not again inspissation crystallization mother liquor.Useless sugar Mulse divides weight content in 18-50%, can be widely used for being used as auxiliary material in foliar fertilizer, liquid fertilizer, solid organic fertilizer.Useless sugar Contain the abundant required nutritional ingredient of plant growth in honey, according to analysis, contains sucrose 24-36%, other carbohydrates in blackstrap 12-24%, minerals 8-10%, thick protein 3-6%, in addition to this small amount of soluble type colloid and moisture also contain in blackstrap There are a great number of elements such as N P and K, can be widely applied to fertilizer industry.

Turf is the product in formation process of bog, cannot under the anaerobic condition of more water by the residuum of limnocryptophyte It decomposes and accumulates completely, plant residue, humus and a part of minerals not decomposed containing large quantity of moisture and thoroughly. Turf is pure natural organic substance, it is a kind of sterile, nontoxic, nothing containing various element such as abundant nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, manganese Public hazards, pollution-free, noresidue green matter.

Paulownia bran is that paulownia seed squeezes the resultant product after tung oil, and tung seed cake is a kind of nitrogenous（2-7%）, phosphorous（1-3%）, contain Potassium（1-2%）And " green " organic fertilizer of various trace elements, also contain a large amount of organic matters（75-80%）, protein, remaining grease With the compositions such as vitamin, its fertile part is dense, full of nutrition, is good organic fertilizer.

Chitosan is natural plant nutrient growth promoter -- the raw material of foliar fertilizer, foliar fertilizer made of being compounded by chitosan, Plant insecticide can be given, it is disease-resistant, play the role of fertilizer, and plant and animal residues and minor metallic element in soil can be decomposed, from And it is converted into the nutrient of plant, enhance via plant immunity, promotes the health of plant；Contain abundant albumen in shrimp shell, crab shell Matter, trace element after animal eats absorption, there is good nutritive value.

Selenium is a kind of beneficial element needed for plant growth, and selenium can stimulate the growth and development of plant, seed to sprout and improve Root activity promotes absorption and the plant metabolism of nutrition, improves photosynthesis and chlorophyll content, and enhancing plant biological is anti- Oxidation and resistance to environment-stress, improve the disease-resistant anti-adversity ability of crops, and have the function of antagonism heavy metal.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：

1, the dragon fruit that the present invention plants is fast with growth, production fruit is fast, flowers and fruits are very large, result is more, the receipts phase is long, sugar content height The features such as, fruiting period dispersion high up to 16% or more, fruit matter good yield, fruit storage tolerance.

2, the implantation methods of the present invention implantation methods apply the biological organic fertilizer containing sugar and organic liquid active fertilizer In dragon fruit root, blade face and fruit, the various nutrients containing sugar in biological organic fertilizer and organic liquid active fertilizer can be soon It is absorbed by crop leaf, directly enters plant from blade, promoted the progress of various physiology courses in crop body, significantly improve light Action intensity is closed, the activity of enzyme is improved, promotes the synthesis, conversion and transport of organic matter, be conducive to the accumulation of dry matter, to increase Add the sugar of dragon fruit so that dragon fruit tastes more sweet taste, increases mouthfeel, improves fruit quality, improves fruit yield.

3, cultural method of the present invention using the advanced farming such as biological organic fertilizer, organic liquid active fertilizer, powder ridge machine, fertilizer and Except insect pest technology, it is not only effectively improved soil property environment so that soil with organic matter greatly increases, and uses plant insecticide With botanical fungicide except insect pest technology also acts preferable insecticidal effect while ensureing nutrition.

4, the plant insecticide and botanical fungicide that the present invention uses are formed by herbaceous plant is refined, abundant raw materials It is easy to get, production process is simple, at low cost, less toxic or even nontoxic to people, animal, Crop securify, environmentally safe, no drug Residual；Also there is apparent getting fat, production-increasing function, at the same in regulating crop growth, improve plant immune and degeneration-resistant aspect also There is apparent effect.

5, blackstrap of the present invention, pig, cattle and sheep excrement and the mixed fermentate of probiotics improve soil environment, inhibit harmful Microorganism enriches beneficial microbe, forms regenerative system, and dissolving phosphorus, potassium, fixed nitrogen make energy three-dimensional collect, and improve soil The undesirable properties such as acid, alkali, viscous, husky and easy flooded, easy drought, promote pellet, improve water conservation and the permeability of soil.

Specific implementation mode

Embodiment 1

A kind of implantation methods improving dragon fruit sugar content, it is characterised in that：It is whole including site preparation, nursery, field planting, trimming The step of shape, fertilizer and water management, orchard management and prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；And using biological organic fertilizer and organic liquid active fertilizer to flue Fruit is applied fertilizer, and every plant applies 1kg Se-enriched bio-organic fertilizers and 1kg selenium-rich organics liquid active fertilizer；

The material composition and parts by weight of the biological organic fertilizer are ecological 60- parts of sheep manure, 20 parts of blackstrap, paulownia bran 10 0.5 part of part, 5 parts of turf, 5 parts of compound amino acid, bacillus subtilis and/or actinomyces live bacteria agent；

The organic liquid active fertilizer includes that the raw material of following parts by weight is made：Night soil 30,20 parts of blackstrap, phosphoric acid 3 parts of 5 parts of potassium dihydrogen, 5 parts of potassium chloride, 5 parts of chitosan, 10 parts of glucose, 6 parts of ammonium humate and sodium selenite；By above-mentioned raw materials It is sealed by fermentation 5-10 days and obtains；Organic liquid active fertilizer is pressed when use:The weight ratio of water is 1:2 dilutions.

The site preparation is：Selection it is loose it is ventilative, draining is good, water conservation moisture retention is strong, silt content is the sand of 50-70% Matter soil is planted, and improves soil with blackstrap, pig, cattle and sheep excrement and the mixed fermentate of probiotics, and whole using powder ridge machine powdery ridge Mixed fermentate is spread on ground by ground, is mixed fertilizer in soil using the rotary tillage of powdery ridge depth；

The nursery is：Nursery is carried out using cuttage mode, selects the annual above aging, robust growth, without disease pest Harmful rear fruitful branch of adopting is cut, and by the seedling anvil that its cutting back is 25-30cm, will be planted end with knife and is whittled into wedge, then with diluting 600 times Carbendazim solution is taken out inversion and is placed at shady and cool ventilation 2-3 hours after impregnating 1-2 minutes, then cuttage is in loose, ventilative, moistening Sandy loam seedbed in；

The field planting is：Be colonized in 3-4 months every year, when field planting, should weeds be first placed on cave bottom when backfill, table soil and Subsoil mixes with the fertilizer of equivalent fill out back respectively, and backfill face should be higher than that 3 centimetres of ground, wait the fertilizer in plant holes and soil shrinkage It can be colonized after stabilization；

The trimming and finishing is：After dragon fruit field planting, pinching when stem is grown to 1.5-1.8m promotees its top and grows side Branch, every is stayed bud 3, and top of breaking again when sprouting grows to 1.5m inspires second branch；It yields positive results the phase, fruiting branch and nutrition The lateral bud newly sprouted on branch is all dredged and is gone, while also to dredge bud all on nutrition branch；

The fertilizer and water management is：Base manure is used as before field planting after 1-3kg biological organic fertilizers are spread fertilizer over the fields in the cave bottom dug, in The annual biological organic fertilizer for applying Accelerate bloom by the end of March or at the beginning of 4 months, and coordinate and impose suitable nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer with the member that supplements the nutrients Element；Dragon fruit plant, which is thanked, spends rear fruiting period trickle irrigation organic liquid active fertilizer as top dressing；

The orchard management is：The spring tip is controlled, summer shoot of erasing protects leaf flower and fruit protecting, flower and fruit thinning after steady fruit, enhancing tree Gesture cultivates strong tree；Timely trimming is spent to malformed fruit, disease fruit disease, discovery, which has, is short of seedling, and should reseed in time, the plant reseeded will be reinforced Management；

The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is to heap wax powder a red-spotted lizard, red spider, ant, snail, shot hole, anthracnose, anthracnose, withered The prevention for disease of withering；Dragon fruit insect pest is prevented using plant insecticide, dragon fruit disease is prevented using botanical fungicide.

Embodiment 2

A kind of implantation methods improving dragon fruit sugar content, it is characterised in that：It is whole including site preparation, nursery, field planting, trimming The step of shape, fertilizer and water management, orchard management and prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；And using biological organic fertilizer and organic liquid active fertilizer to flue Fruit is applied fertilizer, and every plant applies 2kg Se-enriched bio-organic fertilizers and 0.5kg selenium-rich organics liquid active fertilizer；

The material composition and parts by weight of the biological organic fertilizer are ecological 70 parts of sheep manure, 25 parts of blackstrap, paulownia bran 20 3 parts of part, 15 parts of turf, 10 parts of compound amino acid, bacillus subtilis and/or actinomyces live bacteria agent；

The organic liquid active fertilizer includes that the raw material of following parts by weight is made：Night soil 40,25 parts of blackstrap, phosphoric acid 6 parts of 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen, 10 parts of potassium chloride, 8 parts of chitosan, 15 parts of glucose, 10 parts of ammonium humate and sodium selenite；By above-mentioned original Material is sealed by fermentation 5-10 days and obtains；Organic liquid active fertilizer is pressed when use:The weight ratio of water is 1:2 dilutions.

The site preparation is：Selection it is loose it is ventilative, draining is good, water conservation moisture retention is strong, silt content is the sand of 50-70% Matter soil is planted, and improves soil with blackstrap, pig, cattle and sheep excrement and the mixed fermentate of probiotics, and whole using powder ridge machine powdery ridge Mixed fermentate is spread on ground by ground, is mixed fertilizer in soil using the rotary tillage of powdery ridge depth；

The nursery is：Nursery is carried out using cuttage mode, selects the annual above aging, robust growth, without disease pest Harmful rear fruitful branch of adopting is cut, and by the seedling anvil that its cutting back is 25-30cm, will be planted end with knife and is whittled into wedge, then with diluting 600 times Carbendazim solution is taken out inversion and is placed at shady and cool ventilation 2-3 hours after impregnating 1-2 minutes, then cuttage is in loose, ventilative, moistening Sandy loam seedbed in；

The field planting is：Be colonized in 3-4 months every year, when field planting, should weeds be first placed on cave bottom when backfill, table soil and Subsoil mixes with the fertilizer of equivalent fill out back respectively, and backfill face should be higher than that 3 centimetres of ground, wait the fertilizer in plant holes and soil shrinkage It can be colonized after stabilization；

The trimming and finishing is：After dragon fruit field planting, pinching when stem is grown to 1.5-1.8m promotees its top and grows side Branch, every is stayed bud 3, and top of breaking again when sprouting grows to 1.5m inspires second branch；It yields positive results the phase, fruiting branch and nutrition The lateral bud newly sprouted on branch is all dredged and is gone, while also to dredge bud all on nutrition branch；

The fertilizer and water management is：Base manure is used as before field planting after 1-3kg biological organic fertilizers are spread fertilizer over the fields in the cave bottom dug, in The annual biological organic fertilizer for applying Accelerate bloom by the end of March or at the beginning of 4 months, and coordinate and impose suitable nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer with the member that supplements the nutrients Element；Dragon fruit plant, which is thanked, spends rear fruiting period trickle irrigation organic liquid active fertilizer as top dressing；

The orchard management is：The spring tip is controlled, summer shoot of erasing protects leaf flower and fruit protecting, flower and fruit thinning after steady fruit, enhancing tree Gesture cultivates strong tree；Timely trimming is spent to malformed fruit, disease fruit disease, discovery, which has, is short of seedling, and should reseed in time, the plant reseeded will be reinforced Management；

The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is to heap wax powder a red-spotted lizard, red spider, ant, snail, shot hole, anthracnose, anthracnose, withered The prevention for disease of withering；Dragon fruit insect pest is prevented using plant insecticide, dragon fruit disease is prevented using botanical fungicide.

Embodiment 3

A kind of implantation methods improving dragon fruit sugar content, it is characterised in that：It is whole including site preparation, nursery, field planting, trimming The step of shape, fertilizer and water management, orchard management and prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；And using biological organic fertilizer and organic liquid active fertilizer to flue Fruit is applied fertilizer, and every plant applies 1.5kg Se-enriched bio-organic fertilizers and 0.8kg selenium-rich organics liquid active fertilizer；

The material composition and parts by weight of the biological organic fertilizer are ecological 65 parts of sheep manure, 22 parts of blackstrap, paulownia bran 15 2 parts of part, 10 parts of turf, 7 parts of compound amino acid, bacillus subtilis and/or actinomyces live bacteria agent；

The organic liquid active fertilizer includes that the raw material of following parts by weight is made：Night soil 35,22 parts of blackstrap, phosphoric acid 4 parts of 7 parts of potassium dihydrogen, 7 parts of potassium chloride, 6 parts of chitosan, 12 parts of glucose, 7 parts of ammonium humate and sodium selenite；By above-mentioned raw materials It is sealed by fermentation 5-10 days and obtains；Organic liquid active fertilizer is pressed when use:The weight ratio of water is 1:2 dilutions.

The site preparation is：Selection it is loose it is ventilative, draining is good, water conservation moisture retention is strong, silt content is the sand of 50-70% Matter soil is planted, and improves soil with blackstrap, pig, cattle and sheep excrement and the mixed fermentate of probiotics, and whole using powder ridge machine powdery ridge Mixed fermentate is spread on ground by ground, is mixed fertilizer in soil using the rotary tillage of powdery ridge depth；

The nursery is：Nursery is carried out using cuttage mode, selects the annual above aging, robust growth, without disease pest Harmful rear fruitful branch of adopting is cut, and by the seedling anvil that its cutting back is 25-30cm, will be planted end with knife and is whittled into wedge, then with diluting 600 times Carbendazim solution is taken out inversion and is placed at shady and cool ventilation 2-3 hours after impregnating 1-2 minutes, then cuttage is in loose, ventilative, moistening Sandy loam seedbed in；

The field planting is：Be colonized in 3-4 months every year, when field planting, should weeds be first placed on cave bottom when backfill, table soil and Subsoil mixes with the fertilizer of equivalent fill out back respectively, and backfill face should be higher than that 3 centimetres of ground, wait the fertilizer in plant holes and soil shrinkage It can be colonized after stabilization；

The trimming and finishing is：After dragon fruit field planting, pinching when stem is grown to 1.5-1.8m promotees its top and grows side Branch, every is stayed bud 3, and top of breaking again when sprouting grows to 1.5m inspires second branch；It yields positive results the phase, fruiting branch and nutrition The lateral bud newly sprouted on branch is all dredged and is gone, while also to dredge bud all on nutrition branch；

The fertilizer and water management is：Base manure is used as before field planting after 1-3kg biological organic fertilizers are spread fertilizer over the fields in the cave bottom dug, in The annual biological organic fertilizer for applying Accelerate bloom by the end of March or at the beginning of 4 months, and coordinate and impose suitable nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer with the member that supplements the nutrients Element；Dragon fruit plant, which is thanked, spends rear fruiting period trickle irrigation organic liquid active fertilizer as top dressing；

The orchard management is：The spring tip is controlled, summer shoot of erasing protects leaf flower and fruit protecting, flower and fruit thinning after steady fruit, enhancing tree Gesture cultivates strong tree；Timely trimming is spent to malformed fruit, disease fruit disease, discovery, which has, is short of seedling, and should reseed in time, the plant reseeded will be reinforced Management；

The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is to heap wax powder a red-spotted lizard, red spider, ant, snail, shot hole, anthracnose, anthracnose, withered The prevention for disease of withering；Dragon fruit insect pest is prevented using plant insecticide, dragon fruit disease is prevented using botanical fungicide.

Embodiment 4

A kind of implantation methods improving dragon fruit sugar content, it is characterised in that：It is whole including site preparation, nursery, field planting, trimming The step of shape, fertilizer and water management, orchard management and prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；And using biological organic fertilizer and organic liquid active fertilizer to flue Fruit is applied fertilizer, and every plant applies 1.8kg Se-enriched bio-organic fertilizers and 0.6kg selenium-rich organics liquid active fertilizer；

The material composition and parts by weight of the biological organic fertilizer are ecological 68 parts of sheep manure, 24 parts of blackstrap, paulownia bran 18 1 part of part, 12 parts of turf, 8 parts of compound amino acid, bacillus subtilis and/or actinomyces live bacteria agent；

The organic liquid active fertilizer includes that the raw material of following parts by weight is made：Night soil 36,24 parts of blackstrap, phosphoric acid 5 parts of 8 parts of potassium dihydrogen, 8 parts of potassium chloride, 7 parts of chitosan, 14 parts of glucose, 8 parts of ammonium humate and sodium selenite；By above-mentioned raw materials It is sealed by fermentation 5-10 days and obtains；Organic liquid active fertilizer is pressed when use:The weight ratio of water is 1:2 dilutions.

The site preparation is：Selection it is loose it is ventilative, draining is good, water conservation moisture retention is strong, silt content is the sand of 50-70% Matter soil is planted, and improves soil with blackstrap, pig, cattle and sheep excrement and the mixed fermentate of probiotics, and whole using powder ridge machine powdery ridge Mixed fermentate is spread on ground by ground, is mixed fertilizer in soil using the rotary tillage of powdery ridge depth；

The nursery is：Nursery is carried out using cuttage mode, selects the annual above aging, robust growth, without disease pest Harmful rear fruitful branch of adopting is cut, and by the seedling anvil that its cutting back is 25-30cm, will be planted end with knife and is whittled into wedge, then with diluting 600 times Carbendazim solution is taken out inversion and is placed at shady and cool ventilation 2-3 hours after impregnating 1-2 minutes, then cuttage is in loose, ventilative, moistening Sandy loam seedbed in；

The field planting is：Be colonized in 3-4 months every year, when field planting, should weeds be first placed on cave bottom when backfill, table soil and Subsoil mixes with the fertilizer of equivalent fill out back respectively, and backfill face should be higher than that 3 centimetres of ground, wait the fertilizer in plant holes and soil shrinkage It can be colonized after stabilization；

The trimming and finishing is：After dragon fruit field planting, pinching when stem is grown to 1.5-1.8m promotees its top and grows side Branch, every is stayed bud 3, and top of breaking again when sprouting grows to 1.5m inspires second branch；It yields positive results the phase, fruiting branch and nutrition The lateral bud newly sprouted on branch is all dredged and is gone, while also to dredge bud all on nutrition branch；

The fertilizer and water management is：Base manure is used as before field planting after 1-3kg biological organic fertilizers are spread fertilizer over the fields in the cave bottom dug, in The annual biological organic fertilizer for applying Accelerate bloom by the end of March or at the beginning of 4 months, and coordinate and impose suitable nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer with the member that supplements the nutrients Element；Dragon fruit plant, which is thanked, spends rear fruiting period trickle irrigation organic liquid active fertilizer as top dressing；

The orchard management is：The spring tip is controlled, summer shoot of erasing protects leaf flower and fruit protecting, flower and fruit thinning after steady fruit, enhancing tree Gesture cultivates strong tree；Timely trimming is spent to malformed fruit, disease fruit disease, discovery, which has, is short of seedling, and should reseed in time, the plant reseeded will be reinforced Management；

The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is to heap wax powder a red-spotted lizard, red spider, ant, snail, shot hole, anthracnose, anthracnose, withered The prevention for disease of withering；Dragon fruit insect pest is prevented using plant insecticide, dragon fruit disease is prevented using botanical fungicide.

The plantation situation table of 1 dragon fruit of table：

The place of production Qinzhou City Yulin City Chongzuo City Bose City Yield（Per mu yield/jin） 4352 4230 4520 4294 Pol（%） 17 18 16 18 Worm disease rate（%） 13.0 12.3 12.4 13.8

4000 jin of implantation methods per mu yield dragon fruit of the present invention or more, 16% or more pol, worm disease rate 14% is hereinafter, economy Remarkable benefit.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of implantation methods improving dragon fruit sugar content, it is characterised in that：Including site preparation, nursery, field planting, trimming and finishing, The step of fertilizer and water management, orchard management and prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；And using biological organic fertilizer and organic liquid active fertilizer to dragon fruit It applies fertilizer, every plant applies 1-2kg biological organic fertilizers and 0.5-1kg organic liquid active fertilizers；
The material composition and parts by weight of the biological organic fertilizer are ecological 60-70 parts of sheep manure, 20-25 parts of blackstrap, paulownia bran 0.5-3 parts of 10-20 parts, 5-15 parts of turf, 5-10 parts of compound amino acid, bacillus subtilis and/or actinomyces live bacteria agent；
The organic liquid active fertilizer includes that the raw material of following parts by weight is made：Night soil 30-40,20-25 parts of blackstrap, phosphorus 5-10 parts of acid dihydride potassium, 5-10 parts of potassium chloride, 5-8 parts of chitosan, 10-15 parts of glucose, 6-10 parts of ammonium humate and selenous acid 3-6 parts of sodium；Above-mentioned raw materials are sealed by fermentation 5-10 days and are obtained；Organic liquid active fertilizer is pressed when use:The weight ratio of water is 1:2 Dilution.
2. the implantation methods according to claim 1 for improving dragon fruit sugar content, it is characterised in that：The site preparation is： Selection it is loose it is ventilative, draining is good, water conservation moisture retention is strong, the sandy soil that silt content is 50-70% is planted, with blackstrap, pigs and cattle Sheep manure just improves soil with the mixed fermentate of probiotics, and uses powder ridge machine powdery ridge site preparation, and mixed fermentate is spread In ground, fertilizer is mixed in soil using the rotary tillage of powdery ridge depth；
The nursery is：Nursery is carried out using cuttage mode, selects the annual above aging, robust growth, no disease and pests harm It adopts rear fruitful branch to cut, by the seedling anvil that its cutting back is 25-30cm, will plant end with knife and be whittled into wedge, then with diluting bacterium more than 600 times Clever solution is taken out inversion and is placed at shady and cool ventilation 2-3 hours after impregnating 1-2 minutes, then cuttage is in the sand of loose, ventilative moistening In loam seedbed；
The field planting is：It is colonized in 3-4 months every year, when field planting, weeds first should be placed on cave bottom, table soil and subsoil by when backfill It mixes and fills out back with the fertilizer of equivalent respectively, backfill face should be higher than that 3 centimetres of ground, and fertilizer and soil shrinkage in plant holes is waited to stablize After can be colonized；
The trimming and finishing is：After dragon fruit field planting, pinching when stem is grown to 1.5-1.8m promotees its top and grows side shoot, Every is stayed bud 3, and top of breaking again when sprouting grows to 1.5m inspires second branch；It yields positive results the phase, on fruiting branch and nutrition branch The lateral bud newly sprouted all is dredged and is gone, while also to dredge bud all on nutrition branch；
The fertilizer and water management is：Base manure is used as before field planting after 1-3kg biological organic fertilizers are spread fertilizer over the fields in the cave bottom dug, in annual The biological organic fertilizer of Accelerate bloom is applied by the end of March or at the beginning of 4 months, and is coordinated and imposed suitable nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer with the element that supplements the nutrients；Fire Imperial fruit plant, which is thanked, spends rear fruiting period trickle irrigation organic liquid active fertilizer as top dressing；
The orchard management is：The spring tip is controlled, summer shoot of erasing protects leaf flower and fruit protecting, and flower and fruit thinning after steady fruit enhances tree vigo(u)r, Cultivate strong tree；Timely trimming is spent to malformed fruit, disease fruit disease, discovery, which has, is short of seedling, and should reseed in time, the plant reseeded wants reinforced pipe Reason；
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is the prevention to heap wax powder a red-spotted lizard, red spider, ant, snail, shot hole, anthracnose, droop； Dragon fruit insect pest is prevented using plant insecticide, dragon fruit disease is prevented using botanical fungicide.
3. the implantation methods according to claim 1 for improving dragon fruit sugar content, it is characterised in that：The probiotics is Two or more in saccharomycete, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, lactic acid bacteria, Trichoderma or actinomyces.
4. the implantation methods according to claim 1 for improving dragon fruit sugar content, it is characterised in that：The biological organic fertilizer Production method include the following steps：In parts by weight by ecological sheep manure, blackstrap, paulownia bran, turf, compound amino acid, mixing Uniformly, mixture is obtained；Bacillus subtilis and/or the actinomyces live bacteria agent of parts by weight are added in the mixture, controls water Divide in 35%-50%, be uniformly mixed, build heap, ferments 15-20 days at normal temperatures, you can obtain biological organic fertilizer.
5. the implantation methods according to claim 2 for improving dragon fruit sugar content, it is characterised in that：The vegetable source pesticide The material composition and parts by weight of agent be：25-35 parts of galangal, 20-30 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 10-15 parts of tobacco, 5-10 parts of lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus), 2-4 parts of ginkgo leaf, 2-4 parts of cloves, 2-4 parts of fruit of washing one's hands.
6. the implantation methods according to claim 2 for improving dragon fruit sugar content, it is characterised in that：The plant source sterilization The material composition and parts by weight of agent be：25-35 parts of macleaya cordata, 20-30 parts of kuh-seng, 10-15 parts of Baeckea frutescens L., 5-10 parts of Desmos chinensis, 5-10 parts of betel nut, 2-4 parts of stone-like omphalia, 2-4 parts of Sophora alopecuroide, 2-4 parts of fruit of washing one's hands.
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