CN104604511A - Cultivation method for melons in greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method for melons in a greenhouse. When field management is performed on the melons, bee pollination is performed. Bee pollination particularly comprises the steps that a swarm of bees enters into the greenhouse on the fifth day before flowers bloom, a nest door is opened on the next day, the bees try to fly, excrete wastes, and are supplementary fed with pollen and syrup in a mass ratio of 2:3, and the swarm of the bees are isolated for 2-3 days before entering into the greenhouse. According to the method, bee pollination is used, not only is a pollination success rate improved, but also problems of high cost, inconvenient management and big area promotion difficulty brought by manual pollination are solved. Soil quality is improved by soil conditioner, and the quality and yield of the melons are further improved. The melon cultivated by the method is high in sweetness, difficult to be burst, high in yield and good in taste. The fruit mature period avoids the concentrated marketing period of the melons in Xinjiang and other main producing areas, the market price is good, the economical benefit is remarkable, and the development prospect is wide.

Description

A kind of cultivation method of Melon

Technical field

The present invention relates to the greenhouse cultivation method of a kind of crops, be specifically related to a kind of cultivation method of Melon.

Background technology

Along with the raising of people's living standard quality, the requirement of people to food is more and more higher, muskmelon is as a kind of Common Fruits, fruit is fragrant and sweet, taste and sweet mouthfeel, nutritious, except being rich in protein, fat and carbohydrate, also containing phosphorus, iron, carotin, thiamine, vitamin b3, the trace element such as niacin and ascorbic acid, very large benefit is had to human body, very popular, there is the very large market demand, which also promotes the further genralrlization of Melon cultivation, but melon wilt is all adopt artificial pollination usually at present, so not only cost is high, and management inconvenience, be difficult to spread, and muskmelon is suitable for fertilely loosening in soil property, cultivate in good soil of ventilating, and the present soil problems such as ubiquity soil property hardens due to using in a large number of inorganic fertilizer, nutrient component is not enough, be unfavorable for the cultivation of muskmelon.

Summary of the invention

An object of the present invention is the cultivation method that a kind of Melon can be provided, adopt honeybee pollination, both improve pollination success rate, greatly reduce again that the cost that artificial pollination brings is high, management inconvenience and be difficult to the problems such as spread.

A further object of the invention is by using the soil conditioner of homemade green non-pollution to improve soil quality, improve soil nutrient to lack, the problem such as harden airtight, thus further increase the quality and yield of muskmelon, soil conditioner adopts stalk, chicken droppings, air-dry pig bone, air-dry Os Bovis seu Bubali the like waste is as raw material, both resource was taken full advantage of, improve environment, the nutrition of soil can be strengthened again, and go back saccharomycete in soil conditioner, saccharomycete can change soil zwitterion structure fast, balanced soil acid-base value, increase soil beneficial bacterium, activating soil, break and harden, dead soil becomes soil of living, fertilizing soil, thoroughly exempt from deep ploughing, do not harden, effectively improve soil quality.

A further object of the invention be by after field planting step toward plant foliage spray gibberellin, effectively can promote that the stem of muskmelon, leaf grow.

Technical scheme provided by the invention is:

A cultivation method for Melon, when muskmelon carries out field management, carries out honeybee pollination, specifically refers to:

The 5th day before flowering, bee colony is put into booth, and opened nest door in second day, allow honeybee take a flight test, excretion, mend simultaneously and feed pollen and the syrup that mass ratio is 2: 3, and before bee colony enters booth, first isolate bee colony 2 ~ 3 days;

Wherein, the ratio that the bee numbers of placement is equipped with 0.5-1.5 standard pollination group in the booth that an area is 400-800 square metre regulates, and a described standard pollination group comprises 3 spleen honeybees.

Preferably, in the cultivation method of described Melon, described syrup is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 6-10 part sucrose, 1-2 part honey, 4-6 part water, 0.2-0.4 part citric acid, 0.05-0.08 part vitamin c powder and 0.1-0.2 part salt;

The preparation method of described syrup: first sucrose and water are uniformly mixed, and heat at 35-40 DEG C, until sucrose dissolves completely, stop heating, when sucrose solution temperature is down to room temperature, it is mixed with described honey, described citric acid, described vitamin c powder and described salt, namely obtains described syrup.

Preferably, in the cultivation method of described Melon, the bee numbers of required placement is equipped with the proportion adjustment of 1 standard pollination group by the booth that an area is 600 square metres.

Preferably, in the cultivation method of described Melon, before field management, also comprise nursery and field planting:

(1) nursery

Nutritive soil preparation

Every mu with bagasse ash 40-50kg, bagasse 3-8kg, decomposed manure 8-15kg and bactericide 60-100g, wherein, described bactericide is the one in carbendazim or thiophanate methyl, and described carbendazim or described thiophanate methyl mix with described bagasse ash, described bagasse and described decomposed manure with after water-soluble solution again;

Presoaking and germinating

After Seed soaking 6-8 hour, cleaning the surface of the seed glues thing, dries the surface of the seed moisture content, and encase seed with the towel containing water quality being 40%-50%, cultivate 30 hours at constant temperature 30-32 DEG C, treating that seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally can sow;

Sowing

With 50 cave, cave-60 seedling-cultivating tray nursery, sow first 1 day use water and irrigate Nutrition Soil, each bunch planting 1 germinated seeds, seed keeps flat, and plumule is downward, looks into seedling and fill the gaps with seedlings in sowing 5 days.

Seedbed management

Seedling bed temperature controls at 25 DEG C;

Wherein, late January in spring to late Febuary or early August in autumn are to late September nursery.

(2) field planting

Soil cultivation

After front crop harvesting, burn concentrated to residual plant strain leaf, film etc., sow first 15 days, use 60-75kg nitrolim for every mu, with to soil disinfection, then every mu apply chicken droppings 800-1200kg, mass fraction be 12% superphosphate 80-120kg, peanut press pulp 40-60kg and soil conditioner 200-250kg;

Plantation

When seedling grows to 2 leaf 1 heart, can select to carry out single file or duplicate rows field planting at fine day, if when soil temperature reaches more than 30 DEG C, often finish a plant and all need trickle at once; Wherein, every mu of plantation 1100-1200 plant.

Preferably, in the cultivation method of described Melon, further comprising the steps of after described field planting: to be that the Gibberellins solution of 30-65mg/L is evenly sprayed at plant blade face by mass concentration; The solvent that described Gibberellins solution adopts by mass ratio be 3: 1 water and absolute ethyl alcohol form.

Preferably, in the cultivation method of described Melon, described soil conditioner, it is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 10-15 part stalk, 3-9 part chicken droppings, the air-dry pig bone of 2-4 part, the air-dry Os Bovis seu Bubali of 2-4 part, 3-8 part montmorillonite, 3-8 part perlite, 0.3-0.5 part azotobacter, 0.1-0.3 part kilnitamin powder and 0.2-0.4 part saccharomycete; Wherein, described kilnitamin powder by mass percent be the alanine powder of 48%, the tryptophan powder of 24% and 28% glycine powder form.

Preferably, in the cultivation method of described Melon, the preparation process of described soil conditioner is as follows:

Step one: the dry 2-3 hour at 30-40 DEG C by chicken droppings and stalk, is 2-3mm by dried chicken droppings and crushed stalk to particle diameter, mixes, obtain Combination particle;

Step 2: the dry 10-14 hour at 60 DEG C-70 DEG C by air-dry pig bone and air-dry Os Bovis seu Bubali, then the pig bone of described montmorillonite, described perlite, drying process and Os Bovis seu Bubali are pulverized with cracker respectively, obtain 60-80 object powder, gained powder is mixed, obtains powder materials;

Step 3: described Combination particle and described powder materials are mixed; and be placed in 40-55 DEG C of lower seal fermentation 24-36 hour; it is dry at the fermentation material obtained is placed in 60-75 DEG C; dried fermentation material is placed in premixing machine mixing 40min-60min with described azotobacter, described kilnitamin powder and described saccharomycete; carry out granulation with comminutor again, obtain the soil conditioner that particle diameter is 3-5mm.

Preferably, in the cultivation method of described Melon, also comprise muskmelon to gather: when muskmelon turn yellow, the outstanding sclerosis of melon veil line time gather, melon is cut off with scissors climing when gathering, about stay 3 centimetres of carpopodiums, and when the previous moon gathered by muskmelon, be the calcium nitrate solution of 0.8%-1.4% every 10-14 days toward muskmelon surface sprinkling mass percent.

Preferably, in the cultivation method of described Melon, the described extermination of disease and insect pest comprises:

Physical control and chemical control; Wherein,

Physical control comprises:

Yellow card's trap: hang in described booth and yellow plate is set, be evenly provided with four yellow plates in a booth, wherein said yellow plate is obtained by the machine oil of yellow hardboard, yellow fibers plate or yellow three-ply board surface coating layer of transparent; And

Frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp is trapped and killed: hang frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp outward at booth after field planting, and every 10 mu are hung 1.

The present invention at least comprises following beneficial effect:

Adopt honeybee pollination, both improve pollination success rate, greatly reduce again that the cost that artificial pollination brings is high, management inconvenience and be difficult to the problems such as spread, by using the soil conditioner of homemade green non-pollution, soil quality is improved, improve soil nutrient to lack, harden airtight problem, thus further increase the quality and yield of muskmelon, soil conditioner adopts stalk, chicken droppings, air-dry pig bone, air-dry Os Bovis seu Bubali the like waste is as raw material, both resource was taken full advantage of, improve environment, the nutrition of soil can be strengthened again, and go back saccharomycete in soil conditioner, saccharomycete can change soil zwitterion structure fast, balanced soil acid-base value, increase soil beneficial bacterium, activating soil, break and harden, dead soil becomes soil of living, fertilizing soil, thoroughly exempt from deep ploughing, do not harden, effectively improve soil quality, by after field planting step toward plant foliage spray gibberellin, effectively can promote that the cauline leaf of muskmelon grows.

Part is embodied by explanation below by other advantage of the present invention, target and feature, part also will by research and practice of the present invention by those skilled in the art is understood.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, can implement according to this with reference to specification word to make those skilled in the art.

Embodiment 1

A cultivation method for Melon, when muskmelon carries out field management, carries out honeybee pollination, specifically refers to:

The 5th day before flowering, bee colony is put into booth, and opened nest door in second day, allow honeybee take a flight test, excretion, mend simultaneously and feed pollen and the syrup that mass ratio is 2: 3, and before bee colony enters booth, first isolate bee colony 2 ~ 3 days;

Wherein, the ratio that the bee numbers placed is equipped with 0.5 standard pollination group in the booth that an area is 400 square metres regulates, a described standard pollination group comprises 3 spleen honeybees, flower feeding powder and syrup is mended to honeybee, queen to lay eggs can be stimulated, improve the enthusiasm of pollination honeybee, and wherein, enough protein can also be provided to honeybee to honeybee feeding pollen, make it more healthy and stronger, can better pollinate, pollen can be different types of pollen, such as peach blossom pollen, pollen powder of chrysanthemun flower, and also can improve the fitness of honeybee self to honeybee feeding syrup, ready for pollinating, syrup can be homemade, also can buy, adopt honeybee pollination, convenient and swift, both improve pollination success rate, greatly reduce again the cost that artificial pollination brings high, management inconvenience and the problem being difficult to spread.

In the cultivation method of described Melon, described syrup is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 6 portions of sucrose, 1 part of honey, 4 parts of water, 0.2 portion of citric acid, 0.05 part of vitamin c powder and 0.1 portion of salt;

The preparation method of described syrup: first sucrose and water are uniformly mixed, and heat at 35 DEG C, until sucrose dissolves completely, stop heating, when sucrose solution temperature is down to room temperature, it is mixed with described honey, described citric acid, described vitamin c powder and described salt, namely described syrup is obtained, add the absorption and digestion that citric acid effectively facilitates honeybee, vitamin C can improve the mobility of honeybee further, and feeding well improves the pollination ability of honeybee by the homemade syrup of this method.

In the cultivation method of described Melon, before field management, also comprise nursery and field planting:

(1) nursery

Nutritive soil preparation

Use bagasse ash 40kg for every mu, bagasse 3kg, decomposed manure 8kg and bactericide 60g, wherein, described bactericide is the one in carbendazim or thiophanate methyl, described carbendazim or described thiophanate methyl with after water-soluble solution again with described bagasse ash, described bagasse and the mixing of described decomposed manure, carbendazim and thiophanate methyl are all common bactericide, bactericidal effect is good, be widely used, and adopt decomposed manure to be raw material, decomposed manure contains the trace element of a large amount of seed germination needs, and with bagasse ash, bagasse is raw material, make full use of obsolete material, sprout for subsequent seed and provide good nutrition and base material, turn waste into wealth, there is good practical generalization,

Presoaking and germinating

With Seed soaking after 6 hours, cleaning the surface of the seed glues thing, dry the surface of the seed moisture content, seed is encased with the towel containing water quality being 40%, cultivate 30 hours at constant temperature 30 DEG C, treating that seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally can sow, and soaks seed with clear water, the germination rate of seed can be improved, and promote that seed is sprouted ahead of time;

Sowing

With the cave seedling-cultivating tray nursery in 50 caves, sow first 1 day use water and irrigate Nutrition Soil, each bunch planting 1 germinated seeds, seed keeps flat, and plumule is downward, looks into seedling and fill the gaps with seedlings in sowing 5 days.

Seedbed management

Seedling bed temperature controls at 25 DEG C;

Wherein, be conducive to the concentrated listing phase of the muskmelon avoiding Xinjiang and other main producing regions like this, the market price is good, remarkable in economical benefits, has very vast potential for future development to late September nursery late January in spring to late Febuary or early August in autumn.

(2) field planting

Soil cultivation

After front crop harvesting, burn concentrated to residual plant strain leaf, film etc., sow first 15 days, use 60kg nitrolim for every mu, with to soil disinfection, then every mu apply chicken droppings 800kg, mass fraction be 12% superphosphate 80kg, peanut press pulp 40kg and soil conditioner 200kg, so just provide sufficient nutrition for the plantation of follow-up plant, and to disinfecting soil process, damage by disease and insect can be avoided to a certain extent, apply soil conditioner, can well improve soil quality, the cultivation being conducive to plant is grown up;

Plantation

When seedling grows to 2 leaf 1 heart, can select to carry out single file or duplicate rows field planting at fine day, if when soil temperature reaches more than 30 DEG C, often finish a plant and all need trickle at once; Wherein, every mu of plantation 1100 plant, when temperature is higher than 30 DEG C, if do not carry out trickle process to plant, probably because moisture evaporates too fast, dehydration is dead for the plant of new plantation.

In the cultivation method of described Melon, further comprising the steps of after described field planting: be that the Gibberellins solution of 30mg/L is evenly sprayed at plant blade face by mass concentration, gibberellin can promote the stem of Muskmelon Plants, the growth of leaf; The solvent that described Gibberellins solution adopts by mass ratio be 3: 1 water and absolute ethyl alcohol form.

In the cultivation method of described Melon, described soil conditioner, it is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 10 parts of stalks, 3 parts of chicken droppings, 2 parts of air-dry pig bones, 2 parts of air-dry Os Bovis seu Bubalis, 3 parts of montmorillonites, 3 parts of perlites, 0.3 part of azotobacter, 0.1 part of kilnitamin powder and 0.2 part of saccharomycete; Wherein, described kilnitamin powder by mass percent be the alanine powder of 48%, the tryptophan powder of 24% and 28% glycine powder form.

In the cultivation method of described Melon, the preparation process of described soil conditioner is as follows:

Step one: by chicken droppings and stalk at 30 DEG C dry 2 hours, is 2mm by dried chicken droppings and crushed stalk to particle diameter, mixes, obtain Combination particle;

Step 2: by air-dry pig bone and air-dry Os Bovis seu Bubali at 60 DEG C dry 10 hours, then the pig bone of described montmorillonite, described perlite, drying process and Os Bovis seu Bubali are pulverized with cracker respectively, obtain 60 object powder, gained powder is mixed, obtains powder materials;

Step 3: described Combination particle and described powder materials are mixed; and be placed in 40 DEG C of lower seals and ferment 24 hours; it is dry at the fermentation material obtained is placed in 60 DEG C; dried fermentation material is placed in premixing machine mixing 40min with described azotobacter, described kilnitamin powder and described saccharomycete; carry out granulation with comminutor again, obtain the soil conditioner that particle diameter is 3mm.

Soil conditioner adopts stalk, chicken droppings, air-dry pig bone, air-dry Os Bovis seu Bubali the like waste as raw material, both resource was taken full advantage of, improve environment, the nutrition of soil can be strengthened again, and in soil conditioner, also added azotobacter, kilnitamin and saccharomycete, azotobacter effectively can promote that root system of plant absorbs the nitrogen in air, and then provide the nitrogen nutrition needed for growth for muskmelon growth; Kilnitamin then provides abundant nutrition in melon wilt process; Saccharomycete can change soil zwitterion structure fast, balanced soil acid-base value, increases soil beneficial bacterium, activating soil, break harden, dead soil becomes soil of living, and fertilizing soil, thoroughly exempts from deep ploughing, do not harden, and effectively improves soil quality.

In the cultivation method of described Melon, also comprise muskmelon to gather: when muskmelon turn yellow, the outstanding sclerosis of melon veil line time gather, melon is cut off with scissors climing when gathering, about stay 3 centimetres of carpopodiums, and when the previous moon gathered by muskmelon, every 10 days, past muskmelon surface sprinkling mass percent was the calcium nitrate solution of 0.8%, can effectively prevent muskmelon dehiscent fruit like this, avoid affecting muskmelon outward appearance and quality because of dehiscent fruit.

In the cultivation method of described Melon, the described extermination of disease and insect pest comprises:

Physical control and chemical control; Wherein,

Physical control comprises:

Yellow card's trap: hang in described booth and yellow plate is set, be evenly provided with four yellow plates in a booth, wherein said yellow plate is obtained by the machine oil of yellow hardboard, yellow fibers plate or yellow three-ply board surface coating layer of transparent; And

Frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp is trapped and killed: hang frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp outward at booth after field planting, and every 10 mu are hung 1.

Embodiment 2

A cultivation method for Melon, when muskmelon carries out field management, carries out honeybee pollination, specifically refers to:

The 5th day before flowering, bee colony is put into booth, and opened nest door in second day, allow honeybee take a flight test, excretion, mend simultaneously and feed pollen and the syrup that mass ratio is 2: 3, and before bee colony enters booth, first isolate bee colony 2 ~ 3 days;

Wherein, the ratio that the bee numbers placed is equipped with 1 standard pollination group in the booth that an area is 600 square metres regulates, a described standard pollination group comprises 3 spleen honeybees, flower feeding powder and syrup is mended to honeybee, queen to lay eggs can be stimulated, improve the enthusiasm of pollination honeybee, and wherein, enough protein can also be provided to honeybee to honeybee feeding pollen, make it more healthy and stronger, can better pollinate, pollen can be different types of pollen, such as peach blossom pollen, pollen powder of chrysanthemun flower, and also can improve the fitness of honeybee self to honeybee feeding syrup, ready for pollinating, syrup can be homemade, also can buy, adopt honeybee pollination, convenient and swift, both improve pollination success rate, greatly reduce again the cost that artificial pollination brings high, management inconvenience and the problem being difficult to spread.

In the cultivation method of described Melon, described syrup is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 8 portions of sucrose, 1 part of honey, 5 parts of water, 0.3 portion of citric acid, 0.06 part of vitamin c powder and 0.1 portion of salt;

The preparation method of described syrup: first sucrose and water are uniformly mixed, and heat at 38 DEG C, until sucrose dissolves completely, stop heating, when sucrose solution temperature is down to room temperature, it is mixed with described honey, described citric acid, described vitamin c powder and described salt, namely described syrup is obtained, add the absorption and digestion that citric acid effectively facilitates honeybee, vitamin C can improve the mobility of honeybee further, and feeding well improves the pollination ability of honeybee by the homemade syrup of this method.

In the cultivation method of described Melon, before field management, also comprise nursery and field planting:

(1) nursery

Nutritive soil preparation

Use bagasse ash 45kg for every mu, bagasse 5kg, decomposed manure 1kg and bactericide 80g, wherein, described bactericide is the one in carbendazim or thiophanate methyl, described carbendazim or described thiophanate methyl with after water-soluble solution again with described bagasse ash, described bagasse and described decomposed manure mixing carbendazim and thiophanate methyl are all common bactericide, bactericidal effect is good, be widely used, and adopt decomposed manure to be raw material, decomposed manure contains the trace element of a large amount of seed germination needs, and with bagasse ash, bagasse is raw material, make full use of obsolete material, sprout for subsequent seed and provide good nutrition and base material, turn waste into wealth, there is good practical generalization,

Presoaking and germinating

With Seed soaking after 7 hours, cleaning the surface of the seed glues thing, dry the surface of the seed moisture content, encase seed with the towel containing water quality being 45%, cultivate 30 hours at constant temperature 31 DEG C, treating that seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally can sow, at a suitable temperature, soak seed with clear water, the germination rate of seed can be improved, and promote that seed is sprouted ahead of time;

Sowing

With 54 cave seedling-cultivating tray nursery, sow first 1 day use water and irrigate Nutrition Soil, each bunch planting 1 germinated seeds, seed keeps flat, and plumule is downward, looks into seedling and fill the gaps with seedlings in sowing 5 days.

Seedbed management

Seedling bed temperature controls at 25 DEG C;

Wherein, be conducive to the concentrated listing phase of the muskmelon avoiding Xinjiang and other main producing regions like this, the market price is good, remarkable in economical benefits, has very vast potential for future development to late September nursery late January in spring to late Febuary or early August in autumn.

(2) field planting

Soil cultivation

After front crop harvesting, burn concentrated to residual plant strain leaf, film etc., sow first 15 days, use 70kg nitrolim for every mu, with to soil disinfection, then every mu apply chicken droppings 1000kg, mass fraction be 12% superphosphate 100kg, peanut press pulp 50kg and soil conditioner 230kg, so just provide sufficient nutrition for the plantation of follow-up plant, and to disinfecting soil process, damage by disease and insect can be avoided to a certain extent, apply soil conditioner, can well improve soil quality, the cultivation being conducive to plant is grown up;

Plantation

When seedling grows to 2 leaf 1 heart, can select to carry out single file or duplicate rows field planting at fine day, if when soil temperature reaches more than 30 DEG C, often finish a plant and all need trickle at once; Wherein, every mu of plantation 1200 plant, when temperature is higher than 30 DEG C, if do not carry out trickle process to plant, probably because moisture evaporates too fast, dehydration is dead for the plant of new plantation.

In the cultivation method of described Melon, further comprising the steps of after described field planting: be that the Gibberellins solution of 50mg/L is evenly sprayed at plant blade face by mass concentration, gibberellin can promote the stem of Muskmelon Plants, the growth of leaf; The solvent that described Gibberellins solution adopts by mass ratio be 3: 1 water and absolute ethyl alcohol form.

In the cultivation method of described Melon, described soil conditioner, it is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 12 parts of stalks, 6 parts of chicken droppings, 3 parts of air-dry pig bones, 3 parts of air-dry Os Bovis seu Bubalis, 5 parts of montmorillonites, 5 parts of perlites, 0.4 part of azotobacter, 0.2 part of kilnitamin powder and 0.3 part of saccharomycete; Wherein, described kilnitamin powder by mass percent be the alanine powder of 48%, the tryptophan powder of 24% and 28% glycine powder form.

In the cultivation method of described Melon, the preparation process of described soil conditioner is as follows:

Step one: by chicken droppings and stalk at 35 DEG C dry 2.5 hours, is 2-3mm by dried chicken droppings and crushed stalk to particle diameter, mixes, obtain Combination particle;

Step 2: by air-dry pig bone and air-dry Os Bovis seu Bubali at 65 DEG C dry 12 hours, then the pig bone of described montmorillonite, described perlite, drying process and Os Bovis seu Bubali are pulverized with cracker respectively, obtain 70 object powder, gained powder is mixed, obtains powder materials;

Step 3: described Combination particle and described powder materials are mixed; and be placed in 50 DEG C of lower seals and ferment 30 hours; it is dry at the fermentation material obtained is placed in 65 DEG C; dried fermentation material is placed in premixing machine mixing 50min with described azotobacter, described kilnitamin powder and described saccharomycete; carry out granulation with comminutor again, obtain the soil conditioner that particle diameter is 4mm.

Soil conditioner adopts stalk, chicken droppings, air-dry pig bone, air-dry Os Bovis seu Bubali the like waste as raw material, both resource was taken full advantage of, improve environment, the nutrition of soil can be strengthened again, and in soil conditioner, also added azotobacter, kilnitamin and saccharomycete, azotobacter effectively can promote that root system of plant absorbs the nitrogen in air, and then provide the nitrogen nutrition needed for growth for muskmelon growth; Kilnitamin then provides abundant nutrition in melon wilt process; Saccharomycete can change soil zwitterion structure fast, balanced soil acid-base value, increases soil beneficial bacterium, activating soil, break harden, dead soil becomes soil of living, and fertilizing soil, thoroughly exempts from deep ploughing, do not harden, and effectively improves soil quality.

In the cultivation method of described Melon, also comprise muskmelon to gather: when muskmelon turn yellow, the outstanding sclerosis of melon veil line time gather, melon is cut off with scissors climing when gathering, about stay 3 centimetres of carpopodiums, and when the previous moon gathered by muskmelon, every 12 days, past muskmelon surface sprinkling mass percent was the calcium nitrate solution of 1.0%, can effectively prevent muskmelon dehiscent fruit like this, avoid affecting muskmelon outward appearance and quality because of dehiscent fruit.

In the cultivation method of described Melon, the described extermination of disease and insect pest comprises:

Physical control and chemical control; Wherein,

Physical control comprises:

Yellow card's trap: hang in described booth and yellow plate is set, be evenly provided with four yellow plates in a booth, wherein said yellow plate is obtained by the machine oil of yellow hardboard, yellow fibers plate or yellow three-ply board surface coating layer of transparent; And

Frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp is trapped and killed: hang frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp outward at booth after field planting, and every 10 mu are hung 1.

Embodiment 3

A cultivation method for Melon, when muskmelon carries out field management, carries out honeybee pollination, specifically refers to:

The 5th day before flowering, bee colony is put into booth, and opened nest door in second day, allow honeybee take a flight test, excretion, mend simultaneously and feed pollen and the syrup that mass ratio is 2: 3, and before bee colony enters booth, first isolate bee colony 2 ~ 3 days;

Wherein, the ratio that the bee numbers placed is equipped with 1.5 standard pollination groups in the booth that an area is 800 square metres regulates, a described standard pollination group comprises 3 spleen honeybees, flower feeding powder and syrup is mended to honeybee, queen to lay eggs can be stimulated, improve the enthusiasm of pollination honeybee, and wherein, enough protein can also be provided to honeybee to honeybee feeding pollen, make it more healthy and stronger, can better pollinate, pollen can be different types of pollen, such as peach blossom pollen, pollen powder of chrysanthemun flower, and also can improve the fitness of honeybee self to honeybee feeding syrup, ready for pollinating, syrup can be homemade, also can buy, adopt honeybee pollination, convenient and swift, both improve pollination success rate, greatly reduce again the cost that artificial pollination brings high, management inconvenience and the problem being difficult to spread.。

In the cultivation method of described Melon, described syrup is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 10 portions of sucrose, 2 parts of honey, 6 parts of water, 0.4 portion of citric acid, 0.08 part of vitamin c powder and 0.2 portion of salt;

The preparation method of described syrup: first sucrose and water are uniformly mixed, and heat at 40 DEG C, until sucrose dissolves completely, stop heating, when sucrose solution temperature is down to room temperature, it is mixed with described honey, described citric acid, described vitamin c powder and described salt, namely described syrup is obtained, add the absorption and digestion that citric acid effectively facilitates honeybee, vitamin C can improve the mobility of honeybee further, and feeding well improves the pollination ability of honeybee by the homemade syrup of this method.

In the cultivation method of described Melon, before field management, also comprise nursery and field planting:

(1) nursery

Nutritive soil preparation

Use bagasse ash 50kg for every mu, bagasse 8kg, decomposed manure 15kg and bactericide 100g, wherein, described bactericide is the one in carbendazim or thiophanate methyl, described carbendazim or described thiophanate methyl with after water-soluble solution again with described bagasse ash, described bagasse and described decomposed manure mixing carbendazim and thiophanate methyl are all common bactericide, bactericidal effect is good, be widely used, and adopt decomposed manure to be raw material, decomposed manure contains the trace element of a large amount of seed germination needs, and with bagasse ash, bagasse is raw material, make full use of obsolete material, sprout for subsequent seed and provide good nutrition and base material, turn waste into wealth, there is good practical generalization,

Presoaking and germinating

With Seed soaking after 8 hours, cleaning the surface of the seed glues thing, dry the surface of the seed moisture content, encase seed with the towel containing water quality being 50%, cultivate 30 hours at constant temperature 32 DEG C, treating that seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally can sow, at a suitable temperature, soak seed with clear water, the germination rate of seed can be improved, and promote that seed is sprouted ahead of time;

Sowing

With 60 cave seedling-cultivating tray nursery, sow first 1 day use water and irrigate Nutrition Soil, each bunch planting 1 germinated seeds, seed keeps flat, and plumule is downward, looks into seedling and fill the gaps with seedlings in sowing 5 days.

Seedbed management

Seedling bed temperature controls at 25 DEG C;

Wherein, be conducive to the concentrated listing phase of the muskmelon avoiding Xinjiang and other main producing regions like this, the market price is good, remarkable in economical benefits, has very vast potential for future development to late September nursery late January in spring to late Febuary or early August in autumn.

(2) field planting

Soil cultivation

After front crop harvesting, burn concentrated to residual plant strain leaf, film etc., sow first 15 days, use 75kg nitrolim for every mu, with to soil disinfection, then every mu apply chicken droppings 1200kg, mass fraction be 12% superphosphate 120kg, peanut press pulp 60kg and soil conditioner 250kg, so just provide sufficient nutrition for the plantation of follow-up plant, and to disinfecting soil process, damage by disease and insect can be avoided to a certain extent, apply soil conditioner, can well improve soil quality, the cultivation being conducive to plant is grown up;

Plantation

When seedling grows to 2 leaf 1 heart, can select to carry out single file or duplicate rows field planting at fine day, if when soil temperature reaches more than 30 DEG C, often finish a plant and all need trickle at once; Wherein, every mu of plantation 1200 plant, when temperature is higher than 30 DEG C, if do not carry out trickle process to plant, probably because moisture evaporates too fast, dehydration is dead for the plant of new plantation.

In the cultivation method of described Melon, further comprising the steps of after described field planting: be that the Gibberellins solution of 65mg/L is evenly sprayed at plant blade face by mass concentration, gibberellin can promote the stem of Muskmelon Plants, the growth of leaf; The solvent that described Gibberellins solution adopts is 3 by mass ratio _:the water of 1 and absolute ethyl alcohol composition.

In the cultivation method of described Melon, described soil conditioner, it is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 15 parts of stalks, 9 parts of chicken droppings, 4 parts of air-dry pig bones, 4 parts of air-dry Os Bovis seu Bubalis, 8 parts of montmorillonites, 8 parts of perlites, 0.5 part of azotobacter, 0.3 part of kilnitamin powder and 0.4 part of saccharomycete; Wherein, described kilnitamin powder by mass percent be the alanine powder of 48%, the tryptophan powder of 24% and 28% glycine powder form.

In the cultivation method of described Melon, the preparation process of described soil conditioner is as follows:

Step one: by chicken droppings and stalk at 40 DEG C dry 3 hours, is 3mm by dried chicken droppings and crushed stalk to particle diameter, mixes, obtain Combination particle;

Step 2: by air-dry pig bone and air-dry Os Bovis seu Bubali at 70 DEG C dry 14 hours, then the pig bone of described montmorillonite, described perlite, drying process and Os Bovis seu Bubali are pulverized with cracker respectively, obtain 80 object powder, gained powder is mixed, obtains powder materials;

Step 3: described Combination particle and described powder materials are mixed; and be placed in 55 DEG C of lower seals and ferment 36 hours; it is dry at the fermentation material obtained is placed in 75 DEG C; dried fermentation material is placed in premixing machine mixing 60min with described azotobacter, described kilnitamin powder and described saccharomycete; carry out granulation with comminutor again, obtain the soil conditioner that particle diameter is 5mm.

Soil conditioner adopts stalk, chicken droppings, air-dry pig bone, air-dry Os Bovis seu Bubali the like waste as raw material, both resource was taken full advantage of, improve environment, the nutrition of soil can be strengthened again, and in soil conditioner, also added azotobacter, kilnitamin and saccharomycete, azotobacter effectively can promote that root system of plant absorbs the nitrogen in air, and then provide the nitrogen nutrition needed for growth for muskmelon growth; Kilnitamin then provides abundant nutrition in melon wilt process; Saccharomycete can change soil zwitterion structure fast, balanced soil acid-base value, increases soil beneficial bacterium, activating soil, break harden, dead soil becomes soil of living, and fertilizing soil, thoroughly exempts from deep ploughing, do not harden, and effectively improves soil quality.

In the cultivation method of described Melon, also comprise muskmelon to gather: when muskmelon turn yellow, the outstanding sclerosis of melon veil line time gather, melon is cut off with scissors climing when gathering, about stay 3 centimetres of carpopodiums, and when the previous moon gathered by muskmelon, every 14 days, past muskmelon surface sprinkling mass percent was the calcium nitrate solution of 1.4%, can effectively prevent muskmelon dehiscent fruit like this, avoid affecting muskmelon outward appearance and quality because of dehiscent fruit.

In the cultivation method of described Melon, the described extermination of disease and insect pest comprises:

Physical control and chemical control; Wherein,

Physical control comprises:

Yellow card's trap: hang in described booth and yellow plate is set, be evenly provided with four yellow plates in a booth, wherein said yellow plate is obtained by the machine oil of yellow hardboard, yellow fibers plate or yellow three-ply board surface coating layer of transparent; And

Frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp is trapped and killed: hang frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp outward at booth after field planting, and every 10 mu are hung 1.

For effect of the present invention is described, inventor provides traditional Melon culture technique to cultivate the muskmelon parameter obtained.

The Data Comparison of the muskmelon that the muskmelon that the traditional greenhouse cultivation technique of table 1 obtains obtains with employing the present invention

Project	Output/kg	Sugar content/%	Vitamin C/%
				Embodiment 1	2400	16	1.8
Embodiment 2	3000	22	2.1
				Embodiment 3	2500	15	1.6
Comparative example	1800	13	1.4

Can find out from upper table 1, compared with cultivating with traditional Melon culture technique the muskmelon that obtains, adopt the method to cultivate the yield and quality of the muskmelon obtained all higher, nutrition is abundanter, and mouthfeel is better.

1, soil cultivation: conventional soil cultivation adds with fertilizer solution Muskmelon Growth desired nutritional source of topdressing.Soil deep ploughing and intensive cultivation deep ploughs more than 50 centimetres, mu execute mixing within stack retting 1-2 month, fully become thoroughly decomposed after 1.0t chicken droppings+12% superphosphate 0.1t+0.05t peanut press pulp make base manure.

1.1 clean rural areas, frontly make by the strain leaf of plant after crop harvesting, and residual film etc. are concentrated to be burnt;

1.2 remove film and fly net etc.;

1.3 soil deep ploughings ted more than 30 centimetres, can plant a crop corn or sweet-waxy maizes carries out crop rotation;

1.4 soil disinfections, within 15 days in advance, mu uses flourish precious (nitrolim) 60 1 75 kilograms, and fully rake is even drenches bonnet film.

1.5 use sufficient base manure, mu execute mixing within stack retting 1-2 month, fully become thoroughly decomposed after 1000 kilograms of chicken droppings+12% superphosphate, 100 kilogram of+50 peanut kilogram bran make base manure.

2, substrate preparation

Host material: bagasse or cassava skin, bagasse ash, domestic birds and animals ight soil, proportioning

Ratio: bagasse or cassava skin 1 ton, bagasse ash 0.5 ton, 0.5 ton, poultry or livestock ight soil, mixing stack retting 3-6 month.

3, nursery

3.1 seedling raise periods:

Late January in spring, early August in autumn was to late September nursery to late Febuary nursery.

3.2 nutritive soil preparation:

Nutritive soil preparation: with bagasse ash+bagasse+decomposed manure+bactericide, every mu with bagasse ash 90 jin, bagasse 10 jin, decomposed manure 20 jin, carbendazim 80 grams (or thiophanate methyl 80 grams), wherein carbendazim (or thiophanate methyl 80 grams) mixes with bagasse ash etc. with after water-soluble solution again.

3.3 presoaking and germinatings:

With Seed soaking 6-8 hour, then wash the surface of the seed by rubbing with the hands with clear water and glue thing, after drying the surface of the seed moisture content, encase seed with half-dried wet towel, constant temperature 30-32 DEG C, about after 30 hours, seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally and can sow.

3.4 sowings:

With 54 caves (or 60 caves) seedling-cultivating tray nursery, broadcast first 1 day use water and irrigate Nutrition Soil, each bunch planting 1 germinated seeds, seed keeps flat, and plumule is downward, and seed is looked into seedling in time in 5 days and filled the gaps with seedlings.

3.5 seedbed managements:

Temperature controls at about 25 DEG C, in order to emerging, and water conservation, the anti-damping off of ventilation hardening.

4, field planting

Substrate culture: after matrix puts into planting groove, mu sealing fertilizer 100 jin, chlopyrifos 200 grams.Soil cultivation: soil deep ploughing and intensive cultivation deep ploughs more than 50 centimetres, mu execute mixing within stack retting 1-2 month, fully become thoroughly decomposed after 1.0t chicken droppings+12% superphosphate 0.1t+0.05t peanut press pulp make base manure.Within 15 days in advance, mu uses flourish precious (calcium cyanamide) 75 kilograms, and fully rake is even drenches bonnet film.Can select when seedling grows to 2 leaf 1 heart in fine day field planting, during high temperature field planting, often finish strain trickle at once.Plantation can adopt single file or duplicate rows plantation, single file specification 1.1 × 0.5 meters, duplicate rows plantation specification 0.9 × 0.6 meter, every mu of plantation 1100-1200 seedling.

5, field management

5.1 hang climing, around climing

Aiming at each plant ties up on iron wire by cord (strap or the rope made of hemp etc.) top, hangs down to ground, fastens at the climing base portion of melon, is entangled in climing for master on rope.Hang climing front training, after training, spray bactericide in time.

Around climing: the growth climing along with stem is wrapped on cord in time.

5.2 training

Son outside the climing 13-16 of melon saves climingly all is destroyed, and stays that fruit 13-16 knot is climing stays 1 blade, the climing whole excision of grandson in preparation, and 25-28 joint is pinched, and stays 3-4 bar lateral bud after pinching, and all the other are extractd.Training is pinched fine day should be selected to carry out, and should not prune and beat bud during overcast and rainy high humidity, with 70% alcohol disinfecting hand at every turn when beating bud, has often beaten that 1-2 is capable to sterilize 1 time.

5.3 artificial pollinations: when morning 7, when 11,30 points of end Pollination Effects are better.Select the male flower that the same day is open, remove petal, by the pollen of male flower gently uniform application on the column cap of female flower.

5.4 honeybee pollination

5.4.1 honeybee kind

Honeybee is mainly apis mellifera and apis cerana, is suitably for the pollinate such as fruit tree, vegetables, oil plant, melon, herbage.

Bumblebee mainly contains Bombus hypocrita, thick forest bumblebee, ruddiness bumblebee, Bombus lucorum and European bumblebee etc., is suitably for the protected crop pollinations such as solanaceous vegetables, melon and fruit tree kind.

Megachilid mainly contains Alfalfa leafcutter bee, is suitably for the green crop pollinations such as clover.

Wall honeybee mainly contains Osmia. excavataAlfken etc., is suitably for Fruit Tree Pollination in early spring.

5.4.2 bee colony obtains

(1) lease plantation (family) and sign with apiary (or the company of pollination) contract of lease of property of pollinating, lease bee colony carries out pollination activity.

(2) buy plantation (family) and buy bee colony when pollinating voluntarily, disposition docility should be selected, collection power is strong, queen bee is healthy and strong, without chalk disease, honeybee mite and the strong group climbing the illnesss such as honeybee.

5.4.3 bee variety group knits

In autumn Mo, by queen breeding, large bee colony is expanded the pollination standard group of numerous one-tenth 1 queen bee, 3 spleen honeybees, keep sufficient honey and appropriate pollen in beehive, to ensure swarm breeding.Pollination bee colony will shift to an earlier date pre-preventing disease and pest, ensures that pollination bee colony is anosis.For production of hybrid seeds crop, before bee colony enters greenhouse, first should isolate bee colony 2 ~ 3 days, allow foreign pollen in honeybee purged body, avoid causing crop hybrid.

5.4.4 honeybee configuration

(1) time

For the crop that the facility gourd, fruit and vegetable class florescence is longer, at initial bloom stage, bee colony is put into; For the crop that the protected fruit trees class florescence is very short, bee colony should be put into greenhouse in about 5 days before flowering.When should select at dusk, bee colony is put into greenhouse, daybreak in second day front opening nest door, allow honeybee take a flight test, excretion, conforms.Mend flower feeding powder and syrup simultaneously, stimulate queen to lay eggs, improve the enthusiasm of pollination honeybee.

(2) quantity

For the pollination of facility gourd, fruit and vegetable class, be the common greenhouse by solar heat of 500-700 square metre for area, standard pollination group (3 spleen honeybee/group) can meet pollination needs; For the greenhouse that area is less, then suitably should reduce bee numbers; For large-scale attached-greenhouse, then bear the area configuration of 600 square metres by a standard pollination group.

(3) put

If place 1 group of honeybee in a greenhouse, beehive should be placed in the middle part of greenhouse; If place more than 2 groups or 2 groups honeybees in a greenhouse, then bee colony is evenly placed in greenhouse; Beehive should be placed on the support between crop ridge, support height 20 cm, nest Men Chao Southern Dynasties north.

5.4.5 management of bee colony

(1) insulation is strengthened

In spring, in greenhouse, night temperatures is lower, honeybee conglomeration, and outside sub-spleen is usually endured cold.For this reason, should cover in pair insulation things such as adding straw screen or mat in the evening, maintains the temperature inside the box relatively stable, ensures that bee colony can normally breed.

In summer, in greenhouse, day temperature is higher, should cover add sunshading board in pair, maintains the temperature inside the box relatively stable.

(2) water is fed

In greenhouse, the water of feeding of bee colony has two kinds usually, and one is that nest door feeds water, adopts waterer to carry out feeding water; Two is place a plate in the place of beehive precontract 1 meter, changes a water, places some culm or twig etc., seek connections with for honeybee inside plate, in case honeybee drowning every 2 days.

(3) syrup is fed

In greenhouse, most of crop is because of area and limited amount, and flower secrete nectar can not meet bee colony normal development, and syrup ratio of usually feeding in nest is the syrup of 2: 1.

(4) flower feeding powder

The way of usual employing flower feeding muffin is fed bee colony.

5.4.6 crop management

Before putting into pollination bee colony, detailed inspection is carried out once to chamber crop damage by disease and insect, takes suitable prophylactico-therapeutic measures if desired, keep good ventilation subsequently, remove indoor pernicious gas.

Medication points for attention

Before flowering of plant, the agricultural chemicals that residual life can not be used longer is as dichlorvos, Rogor etc.During flowering of plant, avoid using the stronger insecticide of toxicity as Imidacloprid, chlopyrifos etc.If necessary dispenser, should select biopesticide or low-toxin farm chemicals as far as possible.

5.5 select melon: melon of selecting and remain when melon is large to fist greatly, stay the principle of melon: select curcumbitate rounding, without deformity, the young melon that carpopodium is sturdy, a melon is stayed in a strain, and all the other young melons are extractd.

5.7 hang melon:

Children hangs melon when melon grows to 250 grams in time, cord is beaten a slip-knot, up overlaps and move carpopodium to, hung by melon and save equal position, position with seat melon from fruit lower end.

5.8 water and fertilizer management

After field planting 3 days, every Mu Jia20Jin composite fertilizer drip irrigation.After this determine whether that needs add fertile drip irrigation according to the growing way of seedling.Need seedling stage water less, stretch the climing phase and drip and keep moistening around root, melon expanding stage keeps matrix moistening, avoids too dry, will avoid, for dilutional hyponatremia, easily causing split melon for dilutional hyponatremia simultaneously.Melon stops dripping ripe the last week.

6, the extermination of disease and insect pest

The damage by disease and insect of Beihai muskmelon mainly contains damping off, downy mildew, powdery mildew, blight dis-ease, root-knot nematode, aphid, Americal rice leaf miner etc.

6.1 damping off

With 2.5% fludioxonil seed dressing before presprouting of seeds, or the 1500 times of liquid controls of seedling spraying 2.5% fludioxonil.

6.2 downy mildew

Note ventilation and penetrating light, reduce humidity.Their early stage sprays medicine control in time.Medicament can with 69% Acrobat MZ water dispersible granules, 1000 times of liquid, or 72% gram of dew wetting powder, 600 times of liquid, or 25% metalaxyl wetting powder, 800 times of liquid, or 40% aliette wetting powder, 200 times of liquid, or 64% Sandofan wetting powder, 400 times of liquid, or 58% metalaxyl manganese-zinc wettable powder, 500 times of liquid, or eliminate Lingshui Spring agent 600 times of liquid sprayings, connect spray 2 ~ 3 times, about 7 ~ 10 days 1 time.Note rotation medication.

6.3 powdery mildew

6.3.1 ventilation and penetrating light is noted in outdoor cropping; Hold drain ditch successfully.

6.3.2 greenhouse cultivation is noted reducing field humidity; Use sufficient base manure, singly do not use nitrogenous fertilizer, suitably with the use of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, the fertile early ageing of anti-anti-avulsion.

6.3.3 medicament: 15% triazolone wp1500 doubly; Doubly, or triadimefon, Pu Like, Duo Mai can wait 40% lucky star EC8000.Every spray in 7-10 days once, connect spray 2-3 time, spray even spray foot.

6.4 blight dis-ease

6.4.1. disease-free seed or seed disinfection (formalin 100 times, 15 minutes) is used

6.4.2. Controlled irrigation, timely draining, reduces humidity; Timely training is pruned and is kept down the vines of a creeping plant, and improves field ventilation and penetrating light condition

6.4.3. chemical control: tpn, thiophanate methyl, mancozeb, anti-withered prestige, generation is high, rizolex, metalaxyl-mn-zn; Spray or smear.

6.5 root-knot nematode

6.5.1 crop rotation, preferably rice field-upland field rotation;

6.5.2 applying organic manure; Soil deeptillage (more than 26cm);

6.5.3 remove invalid body, reduce bacterium source;

6.5.4 chemical control: 3% meter of Le Er 3kg/ mu, 10% gram of red 2kg/ mu of line etc.

6.5.5 the generation of Beihai root-knot nematode is more serious in recent years, therefore, matrix after Melon suggestion adopts stack retting is cultivated, and in planting groove, add 3% meter Le Er granule control before field planting, soil cultivation can be mixed soil with 3% meter Le Er granule and use.

6.5.6 15 days in advance mu uses flourish precious (calcium cyanamide) 75 kilograms, and fully rake is even drenches bonnet film.

6.6 aphid

6.6.1 yellow card's trap.The making method of yellow inducing aphids plate is first coated with the machine oil of layer of transparent.

6.6.2 also can drive alatae at a head suspension silver gray film of melon patch, not allow them land and lay eggs.

6.6.3 chemical control.2000 ~ 3000 times of liquid such as available 20% Belmark or 2.5% decis, 2.5% time, 40% chrysanthemum horse soluble oil

6.7 aleyrodid controls

6.7.1 clean rural area and removing periphery weeds

6.7.2 yellow card's trap

6.7.3 chemical control: the safe water dispersant of the happy water dispersant of 70% Amy, 25% Acker, 1.8% Avermectin, 48% chlopyrifos, 10% Imidacloprid, 5% Frontline, 2.5% king's magnitude

6.8 liriomyza bryoniae

6.8.1 at adult occurance peak, adopt yellow card's trap adult, every mu of field arranges 15-20 trapping point, within 3 days, changes plate once.

6.8.2 chemical control: 75% cyromazine wetting powder, 3000 ~ 5000 times of liquid can be selected, 80% DDT EC 1000 times liquid, 48% Le Siben missible oil 1000 times liquid, 1% Avermectin (Arermecinbla, 7051 desinsections elements, A Wei worm clear etc.) missible oil 1500 times of liquid, the happy missible oil of 52.5% farmland 500 times of liquid, 2.5% decis (decis) missible oil, 3000 times of liquid, every 7 days 1 time, continuous 2 ~ 3 times.Attention is used alternatingly.

6.9 application frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamps

Hang frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp outward at booth after field planting, general 10 mu are hung 1.The insect with the stronger light that becomes, the ripple that becomes, taxis characteristic can be trapped and killed, as: beet armyworm, prodenia litura, diamond-back moth, Oeobia undalis, trialeurodes vaporariorum etc.

6, typhoon protection measure

Before typhoon arrives; first unload canopy film; untie the climing lifting rope of muskmelon; be laid on the ground climing for muskmelon; cover climing for muskmelon with black thin film; four angle ropes of black film tie; be fixed on timber, black film four limit earth is pushed down, when typhoon arrives; black film can protect that the melon of muskmelon is climing, blade, flower and fruit; avoid wind to blow, rain beat, until typhoon in the past after, then black film raised, keep well; by separate muskmelon that line is put in ground wind sheltering again messenger wire, around climing, and the plant of dead is cleaned out canopy.After typhoon, temperature gos up, humidity is comparatively large, is conducive to the generation of damage by disease and insect, select high-efficiency low-toxicity medicament as: prevent and treat fusarium wilt time suitable happy, Sandofan, tpn prevent and treat the diseases such as downy mildew.

7 to gather, pack, go on the market

7.1 gather: north sweet No. 1 and No. 25, western state honey are about 40-45 days from blooming to the maturing stage, spring in the time of infertility 100-110 days, autumn 80-90 days, ripe fruit in season real-turn is yellow, the outstanding sclerosis of fruit veil line, melon is cut off with scissors climing when gathering, about stay 3 centimetres of carpopodiums, note handling with care, avoid the surface abrading melon.

7.2 packagings: melon is put with foam mesh bag, individual packaging reinstalls in the carton that businessman specifies.

Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in specification and embodiment utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the specific embodiment described.

Claims (9)

1. a cultivation method for Melon, is characterized in that, when muskmelon carries out field management, carries out honeybee pollination, specifically refers to:

The 5th day before flowering, bee colony is put into booth, and opened nest door in second day, allow honeybee take a flight test, excretion, mend simultaneously and feed pollen and the syrup that mass ratio is 2: 3, and before bee colony enters booth, first isolate bee colony 2 ~ 3 days;

Wherein, the ratio that the bee numbers of placement is equipped with 0.5-1.5 standard pollination group in the booth that an area is 400-800 square metre regulates, and a described standard pollination group comprises 3 spleen honeybees.

2. the cultivation method of Melon as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described syrup is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 6-10 part sucrose, 1-2 part honey, 4-6 part water, 0.2-0.4 part citric acid, 0.05-0.08 part vitamin c powder and 0.1-0.2 part salt;

The preparation method of described syrup: first sucrose and water are uniformly mixed, and heat at 35-40 DEG C, until sucrose dissolves completely, stop heating, when sucrose solution temperature is down to room temperature, it is mixed with described honey, described citric acid, described vitamin c powder and described salt, namely obtains described syrup.

3. the cultivation method of Melon as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, the bee numbers of required placement is equipped with the proportion adjustment of 1 standard pollination group by the booth that an area is 600 square metres.

4. the cultivation method of Melon as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, before field management, also comprise nursery and field planting:

(1) nursery

Nutritive soil preparation

Every mu with bagasse ash 40-50kg, bagasse 3-8kg, decomposed manure 8-15kg and bactericide 60-100g, wherein, described bactericide is the one in carbendazim or thiophanate methyl, and described carbendazim or described thiophanate methyl mix with described bagasse ash, described bagasse and described decomposed manure with after water-soluble solution again;

Presoaking and germinating

After Seed soaking 6-8 hour, cleaning the surface of the seed glues thing, dries the surface of the seed moisture content, and encase seed with the towel containing water quality being 40%-50%, cultivate 30 hours at constant temperature 30-32 DEG C, treating that seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally can sow;

Sowing

With 50 cave, cave-60 seedling-cultivating tray nursery, sow first 1 day use water and irrigate Nutrition Soil, each bunch planting 1 germinated seeds, seed keeps flat, and plumule is downward, looks into seedling and fill the gaps with seedlings in sowing 5 days.

Seedbed management

Seedling bed temperature controls at 25 DEG C;

Wherein, late January in spring to late Febuary or early August in autumn are to late September nursery.

(2) field planting

Soil cultivation

After front crop harvesting, burn concentrated to residual plant strain leaf, film etc., sow first 15 days, use 60-75kg nitrolim for every mu, with to soil disinfection, then every mu apply chicken droppings 800-1200kg, mass fraction be 12% superphosphate 80-120kg, peanut press pulp 40-60kg and soil conditioner 200-250kg;

Plantation

When seedling grows to 2 leaf 1 heart, can select to carry out single file or duplicate rows field planting at fine day, if when soil temperature reaches more than 30 DEG C, often finish a plant and all need trickle at once; Wherein, every mu of plantation 1100-1200 plant.

5. the cultivation method of Melon as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of after described field planting: be that the Gibberellins solution of 30-65mg/L is evenly sprayed at plant blade face by mass concentration; The solvent that described Gibberellins solution adopts by mass ratio be 3: 1 water and absolute ethyl alcohol form.

6. the cultivation method of Melon as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described soil conditioner, it is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 10-15 part stalk, 3-9 part chicken droppings, the air-dry pig bone of 2-4 part, the air-dry Os Bovis seu Bubali of 2-4 part, 3-8 part montmorillonite, 3-8 part perlite, 0.3-0.5 part azotobacter, 0.1-0.3 part kilnitamin powder and 0.2-0.4 part saccharomycete; Wherein, described kilnitamin powder by mass percent be the alanine powder of 48%, the tryptophan powder of 24% and 28% glycine powder form.

7. the cultivation method of Melon as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the preparation process of described soil conditioner is as follows:

Step one: the dry 2-3 hour at 30-40 DEG C by chicken droppings and stalk, is 2-3mm by dried chicken droppings and crushed stalk to particle diameter, mixes, obtain Combination particle;

Step 2: the dry 10-14 hour at 60 DEG C-70 DEG C by air-dry pig bone and air-dry Os Bovis seu Bubali, then the pig bone of described montmorillonite, described perlite, drying process and Os Bovis seu Bubali are pulverized with cracker respectively, obtain 60-80 object powder, gained powder is mixed, obtains powder materials;

Step 3: described Combination particle and described powder materials are mixed; and be placed in 40-55 DEG C of lower seal fermentation 24-36 hour; it is dry at the fermentation material obtained is placed in 60-75 DEG C; dried fermentation material is placed in premixing machine mixing 40min-60min with described azotobacter, described kilnitamin powder and described saccharomycete; carry out granulation with comminutor again, obtain the soil conditioner that particle diameter is 3-5mm.

8. the cultivation method of Melon as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, also comprise muskmelon to gather: when muskmelon turn yellow, the outstanding sclerosis of melon veil line time gather, melon is cut off with scissors climing when gathering, about stay 3 centimetres of carpopodiums, and when the previous moon gathered by muskmelon, be the calcium nitrate solution of 0.8%-1.4% every 10-14 days toward muskmelon surface sprinkling mass percent.

9. the cultivation method of Melon as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, the described extermination of disease and insect pest comprises:

Physical control and chemical control; Wherein,

Physical control comprises:

Yellow card's trap: hang in described booth and yellow plate is set, be evenly provided with four yellow plates in a booth, wherein said yellow plate is obtained by the machine oil of yellow hardboard, yellow fibers plate or yellow three-ply board surface coating layer of transparent; And

Frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp is trapped and killed: hang frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp outward at booth after field planting, and every 10 mu are hung 1.