CN105941048A - Plantation method of exocarpium - Google Patents
Plantation method of exocarpium Download PDFInfo
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- CN105941048A CN105941048A CN201610347076.0A CN201610347076A CN105941048A CN 105941048 A CN105941048 A CN 105941048A CN 201610347076 A CN201610347076 A CN 201610347076A CN 105941048 A CN105941048 A CN 105941048A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention provides a plantation method of exocarpium. The plantation method comprises following steps: breeding of nursery stock, land selection, soil preparation, fixed plantation, water and fertilizer management, field management and pest and disease control. Firstly, seeds of sugar trees are selected and then cultivated to be resistant rootstock seedlings. Next, budding technology is utilized for rational management of grating seedlings for virus-free seedlings of improved varieties. What is more important is that virus-free seedlings of improved varieties are successfully tested in Guang Xi province. Fertilizers are applied
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the implantation methods of industrial crops, particularly relate to the implantation methods of a kind of Exocarpium Citri Grandis.
Background technology
Passing on from one to another the most long long ago, Gu Zhen " calms down " person of residence and converges, the most prosperous.1 year, mountain communicable subtropical diseases gas happened suddenly, and contaminated patient
Chronic phlegm dyspnea is coughed, and the disease summer in spring is dead, and the summer suffers from the autumn and dies, and everyone finds himself in danger, alarmed all day.One early morning, storm passes, calm down paradise, the south
Next village, screen-like mountain peak, covers with two chis and carrys out high Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree, sparse on tree hang hairy fruit from above.When villager's authentic wisdom is alarmed, one
Wearing clothes and ride in face of elder's appearance of white cattle, hand-held Buddhist dirt refers to that villagers are said by that lush green Exocarpium Citri Rubrum fruit: " that thing is for you
Row's calamity is solved problem, except disease and health ".After sound, elder and white cattle have gone without a trace.Full village men and women goes down on one's kness the most wholeheartedly, court
It is offered sacriffices to the gods or the spirits of the dead and visits, unusual biography a thousand li, and this thing is for the moment all over Chuan Zhou county.
Since then, local multitudinous Exocarpium Citri Rubrum of the people is as getting rid of evils by ghost, the sacredness medicine of disease curing and body-building, and its effect is the most very.
So, occur that place sets up Lu An for ground people in riding cattle celestial being, be named " connecing cloud Buddhist nunnery ", in Buddhist nunnery, set up the pretty picture of gold body of " riding cattle celestial being father-in-law ",
Offer sacriffices to the gods or the spirits of the dead for descendant and hold a memorial ceremony for.Its couplet written on scrolls and hung on the pillars of a hall book " communicable subtropical diseases how ride cattleization Fructus Citri tangerinae, and gold body spirit sage benefits mankind and rescues the people ".Buddhist nunnery space medicated cigarette is prosperous, pays respects to when four
Person is in an endless stream.Exocarpium Citri Rubrum can be promoted health and cured diseases, the mystery of effect, is memorialized or petition the emperor emperor by grandfather official, and bright, Qing Liang imperial court makes by imperial order this place and produced
Exocarpium Citri Rubrum, used by emperor, imperial concubine, imperial medicine, all to pay tribute royal court, imperial palace of sending under guard every year after gathering, and the common people suffer untold misery.For a long time
And for a long time it, this angle of person changes the Exocarpium Citri Rubrum of origin for " Exocarpium Citri Grandis ", the most world-famous, for the rare traditional Chinese medicines of China.
Exocarpium Citri Grandis, [another name] changes that skin, Huajuhong, Pericarpium Citri grandis Exocarpium Citri Rubrum, Fructus Citri grandis class Exocarpium Citri Rubrum, Xinghua is red, hair Citrus chachiensis Hort., texturing is red, rely Fructus Citri tangerinae
Red, for rutaceae Citrus grandisCitus grandis Tomentosa or Citrus grandis (L.) OsbecdNot
Ripe or maturescent dry outside rind.[character] medical material is heptangle or the Five-pointed star of expansion of doubling, and monolithic is Folium Salicis Babylonicae
Shape.Diameter 15～28cm after complete person's expansion, thick 0.2～0.5cm.Outer surface yellow green, to yellowish-brown, has wrinkle and little grease chamber；
Inner surface yellow-white or fallow, has venation stricture of vagina.Matter is crisp, frangibility.Gas fragrance, bitter in the mouth, micro-pungent.[function cures mainly] cold expelling,
Dampness, promoting the circulation of QI, expectorant.For cough due to wind and cold, itching of the throat abundant expectoration, food stagnation gets sick from drinking too much wine, and vomiting and nausea painful abdominal mass is vexed.The medical value of Exocarpium Citri Grandis: 1, [change
Phlegm and relieving cough, cough due to wind and cold] the primary effect of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum, no matter to tremble with fear and cough or dry cough, take Exocarpium Citri Rubrum and all can take effect, cough is divided into heat syndrome cough and trembles with fear
Cough two kinds: heat syndrome cough, be the recurrent cough caused by lung-heat, the edible food of getting angry of such as excess, such as food such as frying, Broiled Dishes,
Show as throat dry itch, the few expectorant of dry cough or expectorant yellow skin matter sticky；Trembling with fear and cough, how to be caused by catching cold, show as itching throat and cough frequency, sputum is dilute
Thin such as cystose.2, [chronic cough, tracheitis, asthma] middle-aged and elderly people chronic cough all the year round or asthma take Exocarpium Citri Rubrum for first-selection.To chronic cough, heavy breathing
The person of breathing heavily must adhere to taking and gradually adapt to can onset.General recommendations uses more than 2-3 month.3, [food stagnation is got sick from drinking too much wine, is changed general reason
Gas] good merchantable brand of the personage that smokes and drink, lung stomach and liver and throat are damaged maximum, are lived in city automobile and industrial waste gas simultaneously by tobacco and wine
In the majority, it is easily caused habitual respiratory tract infection inflammation after permanent suction excess.Informal dress Exocarpium Citri Grandis just can alleviate ethanol and give up
The gas infringement to these human organs.4, the personages such as often dinner party dinner party answer informal dress Exocarpium Citri Grandis [to vomit singultus, eating accumulation],
The intestines and stomach is disappeared and stagnant has good effects by Exocarpium Citri Grandis, and one after each meal can make in alleviation stomach and digest pressure.
Retrieve below in relation to Exocarpium Citri Grandis plantation pertinent literature:
[autograph] Huajuhong stem apex gemmule graft technology is studied, [author] Xu Xuerong, Li Sina, Li Yingzhi；[periodical name] torrid zone
Acta Agronomica Sinica 2013,34 (7): 1237-1241；Summary: making stock with Fructus Citri grandis, Fructus Citri Limoniae, Hongjing Orange etc., Huajuhong connects
Fringe.Have studied HORMONE TREATMENT stock, scion sterilizing and the factor such as culture medium prescription, stock seedling age to Huajuhong Shoot-tip Grafting
The impact of survival rate.When Fructus Citri grandis makees stock, any hormone-treated survival rate is above comparison, with the GA of 0.1m g/ L3Process
The survival rate of 10 min is the highest, is 31%.Its survival rates of different stocks are different, survival rate the highest for Fructus Citri grandis, reach 19.0%, minimum
For wide skin Fructus Citri tangerinae, be 5.0%.Survival rate and pollution rate are also had an impact by sterilizing methods, and what pollution rate was minimum is that 0.1% mercuric chloride goes out
Bacterium 10 min, is 5. 7 %, and that survival rate is the highest is 0.15% mercuric chloride sterilizing 8 min, is 25.0%.Culture medium prescription pair
The survival rate of grafting also has an impact, MS minimal medium surviving most beneficial for grafting, adds 6-BA, A d and NAA
Survival rate will be reduced.Stock the surviving most beneficial for grafting of 16 d seedling ages, survival rate is up to 36.5%.
The at present nursery of Exocarpium Citri Grandis have bending pruning, grow directly from seeds, three kinds of method for culturing seedlings of grafting, but mainly use bending pruning nursery,
Because simple to operate, seedling is fast, result early, and can keep the merit of elite stand.The bending pruning seedling cultivation and one-year four seasons all can be carried out, but
Preferable with the 2-4 month and the 7-9 month.Although the growth of bending pruning method is fast, result is fast, but is because it and does not has main root, causes pest and disease damage many,
Expanding typhoon ability, the life-span of tree is short, does not the most give power.And seedling growth is vigorous, well developed root system, last a long time, but real
The fruit of raw Seedling next year knot will reduce or the time is longer.Further, by bending pruning and method for culturing seedlings mostization grown directly from seeds
The most susceptible destructive disease-the yellow twig of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum, saving (district) in the Guangdong of China, Guangxi, Fujian and Hunan etc. all has generation.For
Prevent and treat the generation of yellow twig, in addition to selection-breeding resistance rootstocks for citrus and scion variety, set up the anosis nursery stock of a whole set of Exocarpium Citri Grandis simultaneously
Breeding system is the most necessary.
Summary of the invention
According to the technological deficiency of above-mentioned existence, the present invention provides the implantation methods of a kind of Exocarpium Citri Grandis, utilize stock cultivation,
Bud grafting graft technology and carry out reasonably grafting management the most targetedly, successful incubation goes out virus-free Exocarpium Citri Grandis without insect pest and plants
Strain, and plant successfully in Guangxi, enrich local industrial crops and create objective economic benefit for local farmers.
A kind of implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Grandis, including the cultivation of nursery stock, selection of land, whole, definite value, rich water quality management, field management,
The step of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；Wherein, the cultivation of nursery stock includes the cultivation of stock, bud grafting and grafting three steps of management.
The cultivation of described stock is: select the 4-5 age of tree, and robust growth, trunk be thick, Citrus shatangju tree without pest and disease damage
Seed, for reduce material contamination source, select seed time, should select within continuous more than three days, carry out after fair weather；Use tap water
After cleaning up, first with the alcoholic solution sterilization 6-8min that mass concentration is 50%, it is the detergent immersion of 10% by mass concentration
10 min, with aseptic water washing 3-5 time, and constantly vibrate, peel off interior episperm, be then seeded in ready minimal medium
In MS, when 27 ± 0.5 DEG C of light culture to seedling grow to 0.4cm height, by the local cut-out of distance ground 15cm, lower face is allocated as
For stock；
Described bud grafting is: takes 1.5 centimetres of square buds at Exocarpium Citri Grandis axil, rinses well with tap water, is 5% by mass concentration
Detergent carries out disinfection, and immersion limit, limit is stirred, aseptic water washing 3～5 times；With 0.5 mg/L NAA pretreatment 5 min, then use
1.2mg/L6-BA min pretreatment 12 min；By pretreated side's bud distillation washing 2 times, before grafting with 0.1% mercuric chloride
Sterilize in solution 9min, and immersion limit, limit is stirred, the most again with aseptic water washing 3～5 times；Aseptically, with through disappearing
Grafting knife 1.5 centimeters under stock section of poison leave 1.5 centimetres of square holes, remove epidermis until xylem, scion is embedded stock
Opening part, phloem of combining closely, outside the tooth eye dew of scion, bandage with plastic sheeting, the test tube Seedling grafted is put
Enter off-the-shelf culture medium 1. in；Spike length waiting carries out except sprouting after going out 2～4 leaves, be transferred to culture medium and 2. continue to cultivate；
After interface healing, remove thin film；Nursery stock to be grafted moves on to warmhouse booth seedling exercising 2d when growing 5 blades after, use during removal seedling
Sterilized water washes down the grains of sand, plants in non-toxic base；
Described grafting management: seedling development enriches phosphorus, potash fertilizer based on quick-acting nitrogenous fertilizer, auxiliary, spray containing in,
The foliage fertilizer of trace element, germinates every time and applies fertilizer the last week, promotes growth and the new sprouting slightly next time of root system；Nursery stock
Need before going out garden surely to do shaping and pinching in time；Should pour water in time when running into arid moisturizing, and weeding in combining, many rainy seasons
Joint, carries out drainage waterlogging prevention work；When cultivating seedlings is to uniform up and down, and nursery stock scion part is high more than 20 centimetres, trunk footpath thick 0.8
Time more than centimetre, take the grafting nursery stock as field planting of robust growth.
Described selection of land is: selecting soil layer deep, loose, quality is fertile, rich in humus, subacidity or neutrality, and
The convenient plot of irrigation and drainage.
Described is wholely: using powder ridge machine powder ridge wholely, tilth is 60-80cm；
Described field planting is: dig planting pit according to the density of spacing in the rows 4 × line-spacing 5m, cave length be each respectively 80cm, 80cm,
60cm, is exposed to the sun after digging cave one month, carries out go back to cave, often spreads manuer in holes into the pig manure 5 kilograms that becomes thoroughly decomposed of 5 kilograms, then goes back to soil, then every cave
Applying calcium superphosphate 1 kilogram again, then return soil, last every cave applies 1 kilogram of Calx again, and backfill soil is planted to 30 centimeters high；Plant
Time by putting into planting pit central authorities after the root system pruning of the grafting nursery stock of above-mentioned robust growth, unfold root system, righting, banket while light
Gently upwards carry Seedling, tread, make root system touch with soil；Water foot and determine root water, around seedling, make the tree dish of 1m, cover with bran shell,
Improve soil temperature, keep loose aeration status；
Described rich water quality management is: at the beginning of the spring, the end of spring and the beginning of summer, time of the year when autumn changes into winter respectively apply fertilizer once；Execute rush flower January in spring and protect fertilizers for potted flowers, in
Opening cave at tree base portion 1 meter, every applies fecaluria 50 kilograms；Between the 3-4 month of the end of spring and the beginning of summer, execute fruit retention fertile, every retting flower of spreading manuer in holes
Raw bran 1 jin, 1 kilogram of phosphate fertilizer；The 9-10 month in time of the year when autumn changes into winter executes Bao Shu and crosses winter top dressing, every fertilizer 50 kilograms of spreading manuer in holes.
Described field management is: control the spring tip, summer shoot of erasing, and protects leaf flower and fruit protecting, flower and fruit thinning after steady fruit, strengthens tree
Gesture, cultivates strong tree；Novel species do not hold fruit the most previous as annual in weeding 3 times, the 2-3 month and each shallow intertillage of the 5-6 month combine weeding once,
The 10-11 month intertills deeply, first roots out weeds compost, trains in plant base portion, then plough deeply 25 centimetres after becoming thoroughly decomposed；After bearing fruit, often
Weeding 2 times in Nian, January, shallow intertillage was loosened the soil, Accelerate bloom；The comprehensive weeding of deep intertillage of the 10-11 month, promotes root growth, ploughs deeply
25 centimetres.
The described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is: trade name " the green grain husk of the Korea S SK " mineral oil using SK company of Korea S to produce is used
Fruit tree is sprayed by 300-400 times of solution, is mainly used in preventing and treating red spider, makes fruit color more bright-coloured, nontoxic residual without pesticide
Staying, become organic fruits, the network address of this mineral oil is http://china.makepolo.com/product-detail/
100242145640.html, effective ingredient is mineral oil, and active constituent content is 99%, micro-poison, and dosage form is cream.Leaf miner
Preventing and treating uses 2,4%0,000 1000-2000 times of liquid of Lingshui Spring agent, in spray medicine at dusk, increases shockproof effect；If being found to have doubtful Huang in early days
The yellow nursery stock of dragon disease is the most thoroughly removed and burns, and removes liming powder in cave portion, prevents virus spread；The yellow twig disease initial stage,
Spray medicine, add water in 5 liters of leachates obtained toward 500 grams of Nicotiana tabacum L., be separately added into 500 grams of Fructus Capsicis add water 50 liters of leachates obtained,
15 grams of chloromycetin and 901 agricultural potentiation spreader-stickers 15 milliliters, after hybrid filtering, every spray in 5-7 days once, can effectively suppress yellow twig
Slowly swallowing extension, spray medicine is urgent.
Above-described through sterilization grafting knife refer to by grafting knife the Eusol that mass concentration is 10-20%,
Mass concentration is the liquor natrii hypochloritis of 5.25% and mass concentration is 2% sodium hydroxide and mass concentration is the mixed of 2% formalin
Close any one solution soaking 1-2min in solution.
1. above-described culture medium is MS+6-BA0.35mg/L+GA30.10mg/L+NAA0.05mg/L+2% sugar
Honey, pH 5.8-6.0.
2. above-described culture medium is 1/4MS+ IBA0.5mg/L+ ABT 0.2mg/L+2% molasses, pH 5.8-
6.0。
Above-described fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: 70-80 weight portion sheep stool, 50-60 weight portion
Pig manure, 15-20 weight portion humic acid, 5-10 weight portion chitosan, 40-50 weight portion Caulis Sacchari sinensis straw, 15-20 weight portion vegetation
Ash, 25-30 weight portion tea bran and 1-2 weight portion actinomycetes live bacteria agent.
The preparation method of fertilizer is: by weight, by sheep stool, pig manure, humic acid, chitosan, Caulis Sacchari sinensis straw, vegetation
Ash and tea bran mix homogeneously, obtain mixture, adds parts by weight actinomycetes live bacteria agent in the mixture, controls moisture at 35%-
50%, mix homogeneously, build heap, at normal temperatures fermentation 15-20 days.
" the green grain husk of Korea S SK " is produced by SK company of Korea S, is a kind of control insect, efficient, the low toxicity mineral oil of evil demodicid mite,
Being assessed as food stage agricultural spray oil by U.S. food management board, the network address of mineral oil is http: //
China.makepolo.com/product-detail/100242145640.html, effective ingredient is mineral oil, effective ingredient
Content is 99%, micro-poison, and dosage form is cream.
Green grain husk has all features of environmentally friendly pesticide: low toxicity, to person poultry safety；Little molecule may volatilize, permissible
By microbial decomposition Cheng Shui and carbon dioxide, the most do not destroy ecological environment；Low to the lethality of natural enemy；Do not stimulate other
The big generation of insect；Suffocating parasite killing with physics, be not never poison, therefore insect does not produce resistance to it；It is main for using green grain husk
Pest integrative Therapeutic Method, it is possible to decrease the times for spraying of a year, reduces the destruction of environment and saves agricultural chemicals expense use；Improve, improve
Fruit, quality of vegetable, improve fruit appearance, and non agricultural chemical residuum, is therefore highly suitable for " nuisanceless " vegetable, fruit base use
Medicine.Additionally, green grain husk is in addition to being used alone pest control, it is also possible to as the spreader-sticker of insecticide, with chemistry, plant, micro-life
Thing insecticide is used in mixed way, and improves these insecticides adhesion strength on plant and polypide, thus improves insecticidal effect.
The insecticidal mechanism of green grain husk: mineral oil can form oil film, sealed porosity on polypide, makes insect die of asphyxiation, or
Entered pore by capillarity and kill off the insect pests.Green grain husk can change insect and find the ability of host.Herbivore insect mainly with
On its foot, feeler, mouthpart and abdominal part, fine mechanorecepter differentiates host plant and decision is laid eggs and whether takes food.Green grain husk is formed
Oil film, encloses these mechanorecepters, hinders the resolving ability of insect, thus reduces significantly and lay eggs and take food.Insect cannot
Distinguish that it is if appropriate for taking food and laying eggs.Insect after contacting with the oil film on blade face, most before taking food and laying eggs from
Open and post thing.
Test through Guangxi mandarin orange institute: green clever 200 times of liquid, 300 times of liquid, 400 times of liquid are used for preventing and treating citrus red mite.Medicine
Rear 1d, 3d, 21d and 40d drug effect difference is the most notable.If green grain husk all has extremely strong lethal effect to one-tenth, children demodicid mite, drug effect is rapid,
After medicine, 1d preventive effect is up to 98.2%～99.6%, and the phase that effectively controls, up to more than 40d, is that currently preventing and treating citrus red mite ideal is produced
Product.
Compared with prior art, the positive effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention provides the implantation methods of a kind of Exocarpium Citri Grandis, selects the 4-5 age of tree, and robust growth, trunk are thick, without pest and disease damage
The seed of Citrus shatangju tree, strictly control breeding condition, cultivated into Resistant rootstock Seedling, and utilize bud grafting technology, by grafting
After Seedling carries out rationalizing management, cultivate breeding detoxic seedling, it is often more important that this breeding detoxic seedling is planted experimentally successfully in Guangxi, fertilising
Being adopted as inorganic fertilizer and fertilizer mixing, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control uses " the green grain husk of Korea S SK " mineral oil, Calx etc., the change Fructus Citri tangerinae of production
Red Mean Fruit Weight more than 150 grams, maximum single fruit weight more than 220 grams, general flavone content >=5.50%, naringin content >=
5.00%, Radix seu Folium Tosicodendri Delavayi glucoside content >=0.20%, volatile oil content >=0.50%, effective ingredient is high, and quality is excellent, sells in each big medicine
Shop.And the cultivation of detoxic seedling successfully decreases the generation of Exocarpium Citri Grandis disease, improve yield and quality, promote local Exocarpium Citri Grandis
The Sustainable Healthy Development of plant husbandry, creates objective economic benefit for local farmers.
2, the present invention is the implantation methods of a kind of Exocarpium Citri Grandis, the research carried out for Exocarpium Citri Grandis kind, through constantly test,
Having obtained the various culture medium being best suitable for used by the cultivation of this Exocarpium Citri Grandis nursery stock, the carbon source that the culture medium of the present invention is used is sugar
Honey (it is non crystallized containing sugar liquors that sugar refinery sugar industry is separated), instead of conventional sucrose, not only reduces culture medium
Cost, and molasses are rich in nutritional labeling, containing various monosaccharide, thick protein and mineral, it is easier to utilized by plant.Training
1. foster base adds 6-BA and promotes the formation of bud, and callus induction occurs, and adds gibberellins GA3 and expands leaf area, accelerates
The growth of plumelet, beneficially metabolite accumulate in phloem, activate cambium layer, add NAA and promote cell division and expansion,
Induced synthesis adventitious root, the growth that molasses are bud provides the energy.2. culture medium adds IBA and promotes the growth of plant main root, improves
Germination percentage, survival rate, it is used for promoting rooting of cuttings, ABT root-inducing powder is by strengthening, the regulation and control content of plant endogenous hormones and important
The activity of enzyme, promotes the synthesis of biomacromolecule, induction plant adventitious root or the formation of adventitious bud, regulates plant metabolism intensity,
Reaching to improve nursery and grafting quality and the purpose of resistance, the growth that molasses are Seedling leaf provides carbon source.
3, can be propagated by grafting knife due to Exocarpium Citri Grandis exocortis viroid, so in the present invention, grafting knife is first
First pass through sterilization, go the most again to cut budling.
4, the present invention uses " the green grain husk of Korea S SK " mineral oil to carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, mainly by green grain husk mineral oil
Oil film, sealed porosity can be formed on polypide, make insect die of asphyxiation, or be entered pore by capillarity and kill off the insect pests,
Control insect, if through test green grain husk to becoming, children demodicid mite all has extremely strong lethal effect, drug effect is rapid, after medicine 1d preventive effect up to
98.2%～99.6%, the phase that effectively controls, up to more than 40d, is currently to prevent and treat Exocarpium Citri Grandis red spider ideal product.
5, implantation methods of the present invention uses sheep stool, pig manure, humic acid, chitosan, Caulis Sacchari sinensis straw, plant ash, tea bran and puts
The fertilizer that line bacterium live bacteria agent is made, can be effectively improved the soil property environment of Guangxi self-restraint Karst Mountains Desertification Area so that have in soil
Machine matter content is greatly increased, moreover it is possible to preventing and treating subterranean pest-insect, activating soil, promotes root growth.Each material in fertilizer is all
Possesses value all over the body, as sheep stool prevents the hardening soil；Pig manure quality is relatively thin, containing more organic matter and npk nutrient；
Humic acids has fertilizer synergistic, improves soil, stimulates plant growth, improves the functions such as agricultural product quality；Chitosan can be planted
Thing parasite killing, disease-resistant, play the effect of fertilizer, plant and animal residues and minor metallic element in soil can be decomposed again；Caulis Sacchari sinensis straw contains
Nutrient necessary to crop is had to have N, P, K, Ca, S；Tea bran mixes with other organic fertilizers and makees base manure, it is also possible to double control ground
Lower insect such as prevents and treats little weevil, Holotrichia diomphalia Bates, Gryllotalpa etc.；Coordinate fertilizer to make base manure with plant ash, not only can increase base fertilizer and nutrition
The available nutrient of soil, promotes root growth, also alleviates the effect of pest and disease damage.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
The implantation methods of a kind of Exocarpium Citri Grandis, including the cultivation of nursery stock, selection of land, whole, definite value, rich water quality management, field management, disease pest
The step of evil preventing and treating；Wherein, the cultivation of nursery stock includes the cultivation of stock, bud grafting and grafting three steps of management.
The cultivation of described stock is: select the 4-5 age of tree, and robust growth, trunk be thick, Citrus shatangju tree without pest and disease damage
Seed, for reduce material contamination source, select seed time, should select within continuous more than three days, carry out after fair weather；Use tap water
After cleaning up, first with the alcoholic solution sterilization 6-8min that mass concentration is 50%, it is the detergent immersion of 10% by mass concentration
10 min, with aseptic water washing 3-5 time, and constantly vibrate, peel off interior episperm, be then seeded in ready minimal medium
In MS, when 27 ± 0.5 DEG C of light culture to seedling grow to 0.4cm height, by the local cut-out of distance ground 15cm, lower face is allocated as
For stock；
Described bud grafting is: takes 1.5 centimetres of square buds at Exocarpium Citri Grandis axil, rinses well with tap water, is 5% by mass concentration
Detergent carries out disinfection, and immersion limit, limit is stirred, aseptic water washing 3～5 times；With 0.5 mg/L NAA pretreatment 5 min, then use
1.2mg/L6-BA min pretreatment 12 min；By pretreated side's bud distillation washing 2 times, before grafting with 0.1% mercuric chloride
Sterilize in solution 9min, and immersion limit, limit is stirred, the most again with aseptic water washing 3～5 times；Aseptically, with through disappearing
Grafting knife 1.5 centimeters under stock section of poison leave 1.5 centimetres of square holes, remove epidermis until xylem, scion is embedded stock
Opening part, phloem of combining closely, outside the tooth eye dew of scion, bandage with plastic sheeting, the test tube Seedling grafted is put
Enter off-the-shelf culture medium 1. in；Spike length waiting carries out except sprouting after going out 2～4 leaves, be transferred to culture medium and 2. continue to cultivate；
After interface healing, remove thin film；Nursery stock to be grafted moves on to warmhouse booth seedling exercising 2d when growing 5 blades after, use during removal seedling
Sterilized water washes down the grains of sand, plants in non-toxic base；
Described grafting management: seedling development enriches phosphorus, potash fertilizer based on quick-acting nitrogenous fertilizer, auxiliary, spray containing in,
The foliage fertilizer of trace element, germinates every time and applies fertilizer the last week, promotes growth and the new sprouting slightly next time of root system；Nursery stock
Need before going out garden surely to do shaping and pinching in time；Should pour water in time when running into arid moisturizing, and weeding in combining, many rainy seasons
Joint, carries out drainage waterlogging prevention work；When cultivating seedlings is to uniform up and down, and nursery stock scion part is high more than 20 centimetres, trunk footpath thick 0.8
Time more than centimetre, take the grafting nursery stock as field planting of robust growth.
Described selection of land is: selecting soil layer deep, loose, quality is fertile, rich in humus, subacidity or neutrality, and
The convenient plot of irrigation and drainage.
Described is wholely: using powder ridge machine powder ridge wholely, tilth is 60-80cm；
Described field planting is: dig planting pit according to the density of spacing in the rows 4 × line-spacing 5m, cave length be each respectively 80cm, 80cm,
60cm, is exposed to the sun after digging cave one month, carries out go back to cave, often spreads manuer in holes into the pig manure 5 kilograms that becomes thoroughly decomposed of 5 kilograms, then goes back to soil, then every cave
Applying calcium superphosphate 1 kilogram again, then return soil, last every cave applies 1 kilogram of Calx again, and backfill soil is planted to 30 centimeters high；Plant
Time by putting into planting pit central authorities after the root system pruning of the grafting nursery stock of above-mentioned robust growth, unfold root system, righting, banket while light
Gently upwards carry Seedling, tread, make root system touch with soil；Water foot and determine root water, around seedling, make the tree dish of 1m, cover with bran shell,
Improve soil temperature, keep loose aeration status；
Described rich water quality management is: at the beginning of the spring, the end of spring and the beginning of summer, time of the year when autumn changes into winter respectively apply fertilizer once；Execute rush flower January in spring and protect fertilizers for potted flowers, in
Opening cave at tree base portion 1 meter, every applies fecaluria 50 kilograms；Between the 3-4 month of the end of spring and the beginning of summer, execute fruit retention fertile, every retting flower of spreading manuer in holes
Raw bran 1 jin, 1 kilogram of phosphate fertilizer；The 9-10 month in time of the year when autumn changes into winter executes Bao Shu and crosses winter top dressing, every fertilizer 50 kilograms of spreading manuer in holes.
Described field management is: control the spring tip, summer shoot of erasing, and protects leaf flower and fruit protecting, flower and fruit thinning after steady fruit, strengthens tree
Gesture, cultivates strong tree；Novel species do not hold fruit the most previous as annual in weeding 3 times, the 2-3 month and each shallow intertillage of the 5-6 month combine weeding once,
The 10-11 month intertills deeply, first roots out weeds compost, trains in plant base portion, then plough deeply 25 centimetres after becoming thoroughly decomposed；After bearing fruit, often
Weeding 2 times in Nian, January, shallow intertillage was loosened the soil, Accelerate bloom；The comprehensive weeding of deep intertillage of the 10-11 month, promotes root growth, ploughs deeply
25 centimetres.
The described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is: use trade name " the green grain husk of the Korea S SK " mineral oil that SK company of Korea S produces
Fruit tree is sprayed by 300-400 times of solution, is mainly used in preventing and treating red spider, makes fruit color more bright-coloured, nontoxic residual without pesticide
Stay, become organic fruits；The preventing and treating of leaf miner uses 2,4%0,000 1000-2000 times of liquid of Lingshui Spring agent, in spray medicine at dusk, increases shockproof
Effect；If the yellow nursery stock being found to have doubtful yellow twig in early days is the most thoroughly removed burn, remove liming powder in cave portion, prevent
Virus spread；The yellow twig disease initial stage, spray medicine, add water in 5 liters of leachates obtained toward 500 grams of Nicotiana tabacum L., be separately added into 500 grams peppery
Green pepper adds water 50 liters of leachates obtained, 15 grams of chloromycetin and 901 agricultural potentiation spreader-stickers 15 milliliters, after hybrid filtering, every 5-7 days
Spray once, can effectively suppress yellow twig to swallow extension slowly, and spray medicine is urgent.
The above-described grafting knife through sterilization refers to grafting knife in mass concentration be the Eusol of 10-20%
Soak 1-2min.
1. above-described culture medium is MS+6-BA0.35mg/L+GA30.10mg/L+NAA0.05mg/L+2% sugar
Honey, pH 5.8-6.0.
2. above-described culture medium is 1/4MS+ IBA0.5mg/L+ ABT 0.2mg/L+2% molasses, pH 5.8-
6.0。
Above-described fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: 70 weight portion sheep stool, 50 weight portion pig manures, 15
Weight portion humic acid, 5 weight portion chitosans, 40 weight portion Caulis Sacchari sinensis straws, 15 weight portion plant ash, 25 weight portion tea bran and 1 weights
Amount part actinomycetes live bacteria agent.
The preparation method of fertilizer is: by weight, by sheep stool, pig manure, humic acid, chitosan, Caulis Sacchari sinensis straw, vegetation
Ash and tea bran mix homogeneously, obtain mixture, adds parts by weight actinomycetes live bacteria agent in the mixture, controls moisture at 35%-
50%, mix homogeneously, build heap, at normal temperatures fermentation 15-20 days.
Embodiment 2
The implantation methods of a kind of Exocarpium Citri Grandis, including the cultivation of nursery stock, selection of land, whole, definite value, rich water quality management, field management, disease pest
The step of evil preventing and treating；Wherein, the cultivation of nursery stock includes the cultivation of stock, bud grafting and grafting three steps of management.
The cultivation of described stock is: select the 4-5 age of tree, and robust growth, trunk be thick, Citrus shatangju tree without pest and disease damage
Seed, for reduce material contamination source, select seed time, should select within continuous more than three days, carry out after fair weather；Use tap water
After cleaning up, first with the alcoholic solution sterilization 6-8min that mass concentration is 50%, it is the detergent immersion of 10% by mass concentration
10 min, with aseptic water washing 3-5 time, and constantly vibrate, peel off interior episperm, be then seeded in ready minimal medium
In MS, when 27 ± 0.5 DEG C of light culture to seedling grow to 0.4cm height, by the local cut-out of distance ground 15cm, lower face is allocated as
For stock；
Described bud grafting is: takes 1.5 centimetres of square buds at Exocarpium Citri Grandis axil, rinses well with tap water, is 5% by mass concentration
Detergent carries out disinfection, and immersion limit, limit is stirred, aseptic water washing 3～5 times；With 0.5 mg/L NAA pretreatment 5 min, then use
1.2mg/L6-BA min pretreatment 12 min；By pretreated side's bud distillation washing 2 times, before grafting with 0.1% mercuric chloride
Sterilize in solution 9min, and immersion limit, limit is stirred, the most again with aseptic water washing 3～5 times；Aseptically, with through disappearing
Grafting knife 1.5 centimeters under stock section of poison leave 1.5 centimetres of square holes, remove epidermis until xylem, scion is embedded stock
Opening part, phloem of combining closely, outside the tooth eye dew of scion, bandage with plastic sheeting, the test tube Seedling grafted is put
Enter off-the-shelf culture medium 1. in；Spike length waiting carries out except sprouting after going out 2～4 leaves, be transferred to culture medium and 2. continue to cultivate；
After interface healing, remove thin film；Nursery stock to be grafted moves on to warmhouse booth seedling exercising 2d when growing 5 blades after, use during removal seedling
Sterilized water washes down the grains of sand, plants in non-toxic base；
Described grafting management: seedling development enriches phosphorus, potash fertilizer based on quick-acting nitrogenous fertilizer, auxiliary, spray containing in,
The foliage fertilizer of trace element, germinates every time and applies fertilizer the last week, promotes growth and the new sprouting slightly next time of root system；Nursery stock
Need before going out garden surely to do shaping and pinching in time；Should pour water in time when running into arid moisturizing, and weeding in combining, many rainy seasons
Joint, carries out drainage waterlogging prevention work；When cultivating seedlings is to uniform up and down, and nursery stock scion part is high more than 20 centimetres, trunk footpath thick 0.8
Time more than centimetre, take the grafting nursery stock as field planting of robust growth.
Described selection of land is: selecting soil layer deep, loose, quality is fertile, rich in humus, subacidity or neutrality, and
The convenient plot of irrigation and drainage.
Described is wholely: using powder ridge machine powder ridge wholely, tilth is 60-80cm；
Described field planting is: dig planting pit according to the density of spacing in the rows 4 × line-spacing 5m, cave length be each respectively 80cm, 80cm,
60cm, is exposed to the sun after digging cave one month, carries out go back to cave, often spreads manuer in holes into the pig manure 5 kilograms that becomes thoroughly decomposed of 5 kilograms, then goes back to soil, then every cave
Applying calcium superphosphate 1 kilogram again, then return soil, last every cave applies 1 kilogram of Calx again, and backfill soil is planted to 30 centimeters high；Plant
Time by putting into planting pit central authorities after the root system pruning of the grafting nursery stock of above-mentioned robust growth, unfold root system, righting, banket while light
Gently upwards carry Seedling, tread, make root system touch with soil；Water foot and determine root water, around seedling, make the tree dish of 1m, cover with bran shell,
Improve soil temperature, keep loose aeration status；
Described rich water quality management is: at the beginning of the spring, the end of spring and the beginning of summer, time of the year when autumn changes into winter respectively apply fertilizer once；Execute rush flower January in spring and protect fertilizers for potted flowers, in
Opening cave at tree base portion 1 meter, every applies fecaluria 50 kilograms；Between the 3-4 month of the end of spring and the beginning of summer, execute fruit retention fertile, every retting flower of spreading manuer in holes
Raw bran 1 jin, 1 kilogram of phosphate fertilizer；The 9-10 month in time of the year when autumn changes into winter executes Bao Shu and crosses winter top dressing, every fertilizer 50 kilograms of spreading manuer in holes.
Described field management is: control the spring tip, summer shoot of erasing, and protects leaf flower and fruit protecting, flower and fruit thinning after steady fruit, strengthens tree
Gesture, cultivates strong tree；Novel species do not hold fruit the most previous as annual in weeding 3 times, the 2-3 month and each shallow intertillage of the 5-6 month combine weeding once,
The 10-11 month intertills deeply, first roots out weeds compost, trains in plant base portion, then plough deeply 25 centimetres after becoming thoroughly decomposed；After bearing fruit, often
Weeding 2 times in Nian, January, shallow intertillage was loosened the soil, Accelerate bloom；The comprehensive weeding of deep intertillage of the 10-11 month, promotes root growth, ploughs deeply
25 centimetres.
The described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is: use trade name " the green grain husk of the Korea S SK " mineral oil that SK company of Korea S produces
Fruit tree is sprayed by 300-400 times of solution, is mainly used in preventing and treating red spider, makes fruit color more bright-coloured, nontoxic residual without pesticide
Stay, become organic fruits；The preventing and treating of leaf miner uses 2,4%0,000 1000-2000 times of liquid of Lingshui Spring agent, in spray medicine at dusk, increases shockproof
Effect；If the yellow nursery stock being found to have doubtful yellow twig in early days is the most thoroughly removed burn, remove liming powder in cave portion, prevent
Virus spread；The yellow twig disease initial stage, spray medicine, add water in 5 liters of leachates obtained toward 500 grams of Nicotiana tabacum L., be separately added into 500 grams peppery
Green pepper adds water 50 liters of leachates obtained, 15 grams of chloromycetin and 901 agricultural potentiation spreader-stickers 15 milliliters, after hybrid filtering, every 5-7 days
Spray once, can effectively suppress yellow twig to swallow extension slowly, and spray medicine is urgent.
The above-described grafting knife through sterilization refers to grafting knife in mass concentration be the liquor natrii hypochloritis of 5.25%
Soak 1-2min.
1. above-described culture medium is MS+6-BA0.35mg/L+GA30.10mg/L+NAA0.05mg/L+2% sugar
Honey, pH 5.8-6.0.
2. above-described culture medium is 1/4MS+ IBA0.5mg/L+ ABT 0.2mg/L+2% molasses, pH 5.8-
6.0。
Above-described fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: 75 weight portion sheep stool, 55 weight portion pig manures, 18
Weight portion humic acid, 8 weight portion chitosans, 45 weight portion Caulis Sacchari sinensis straws, 18 weight portion plant ash, 28 weight portion tea brans and 1.5
Weight portion actinomycetes live bacteria agent.
The preparation method of fertilizer is: by weight, by sheep stool, pig manure, humic acid, chitosan, Caulis Sacchari sinensis straw, vegetation
Ash and tea bran mix homogeneously, obtain mixture, adds parts by weight actinomycetes live bacteria agent in the mixture, controls moisture at 35%-
50%, mix homogeneously, build heap, at normal temperatures fermentation 15-20 days.
Embodiment 3
The implantation methods of a kind of Exocarpium Citri Grandis, including the cultivation of nursery stock, selection of land, whole, definite value, rich water quality management, field management, disease pest
The step of evil preventing and treating；Wherein, the cultivation of nursery stock includes the cultivation of stock, bud grafting and grafting three steps of management.
The cultivation of described stock is: select the 4-5 age of tree, and robust growth, trunk be thick, Citrus shatangju tree without pest and disease damage
Seed, for reduce material contamination source, select seed time, should select within continuous more than three days, carry out after fair weather；Use tap water
After cleaning up, first with the alcoholic solution sterilization 6-8min that mass concentration is 50%, it is the detergent immersion of 10% by mass concentration
10 min, with aseptic water washing 3-5 time, and constantly vibrate, peel off interior episperm, be then seeded in ready minimal medium
In MS, when 27 ± 0.5 DEG C of light culture to seedling grow to 0.4cm height, by the local cut-out of distance ground 15cm, lower face is allocated as
For stock；
Described bud grafting is: takes 1.5 centimetres of square buds at Exocarpium Citri Grandis axil, rinses well with tap water, is 5% by mass concentration
Detergent carries out disinfection, and immersion limit, limit is stirred, aseptic water washing 3～5 times；With 0.5 mg/L NAA pretreatment 5 min, then use
1.2mg/L6-BA min pretreatment 12 min；By pretreated side's bud distillation washing 2 times, before grafting with 0.1% mercuric chloride
Sterilize in solution 9min, and immersion limit, limit is stirred, the most again with aseptic water washing 3～5 times；Aseptically, with through disappearing
Grafting knife 1.5 centimeters under stock section of poison leave 1.5 centimetres of square holes, remove epidermis until xylem, scion is embedded stock
Opening part, phloem of combining closely, outside the tooth eye dew of scion, bandage with plastic sheeting, the test tube Seedling grafted is put
Enter off-the-shelf culture medium 1. in；Spike length waiting carries out except sprouting after going out 2～4 leaves, be transferred to culture medium and 2. continue to cultivate；
After interface healing, remove thin film；Nursery stock to be grafted moves on to warmhouse booth seedling exercising 2d when growing 5 blades after, use during removal seedling
Sterilized water washes down the grains of sand, plants in non-toxic base；
Described grafting management: seedling development enriches phosphorus, potash fertilizer based on quick-acting nitrogenous fertilizer, auxiliary, spray containing in,
The foliage fertilizer of trace element, germinates every time and applies fertilizer the last week, promotes growth and the new sprouting slightly next time of root system；Nursery stock
Need before going out garden surely to do shaping and pinching in time；Should pour water in time when running into arid moisturizing, and weeding in combining, many rainy seasons
Joint, carries out drainage waterlogging prevention work；When cultivating seedlings is to uniform up and down, and nursery stock scion part is high more than 20 centimetres, trunk footpath thick 0.8
Time more than centimetre, take the grafting nursery stock as field planting of robust growth.
Described selection of land is: selecting soil layer deep, loose, quality is fertile, rich in humus, subacidity or neutrality, and
The convenient plot of irrigation and drainage.
Described is wholely: using powder ridge machine powder ridge wholely, tilth is 60-80cm；
Described field planting is: dig planting pit according to the density of spacing in the rows 4 × line-spacing 5m, cave length be each respectively 80cm, 80cm,
60cm, is exposed to the sun after digging cave one month, carries out go back to cave, often spreads manuer in holes into the pig manure 5 kilograms that becomes thoroughly decomposed of 5 kilograms, then goes back to soil, then every cave
Applying calcium superphosphate 1 kilogram again, then return soil, last every cave applies 1 kilogram of Calx again, and backfill soil is planted to 30 centimeters high；Plant
Time by putting into planting pit central authorities after the root system pruning of the grafting nursery stock of above-mentioned robust growth, unfold root system, righting, banket while light
Gently upwards carry Seedling, tread, make root system touch with soil；Water foot and determine root water, around seedling, make the tree dish of 1m, cover with bran shell,
Improve soil temperature, keep loose aeration status；
Described rich water quality management is: at the beginning of the spring, the end of spring and the beginning of summer, time of the year when autumn changes into winter respectively apply fertilizer once；Execute rush flower January in spring and protect fertilizers for potted flowers, in
Opening cave at tree base portion 1 meter, every applies fecaluria 50 kilograms；Between the 3-4 month of the end of spring and the beginning of summer, execute fruit retention fertile, every retting flower of spreading manuer in holes
Raw bran 1 jin, 1 kilogram of phosphate fertilizer；The 9-10 month in time of the year when autumn changes into winter executes Bao Shu and crosses winter top dressing, every fertilizer 50 kilograms of spreading manuer in holes.
Described field management is: control the spring tip, summer shoot of erasing, and protects leaf flower and fruit protecting, flower and fruit thinning after steady fruit, strengthens tree
Gesture, cultivates strong tree；Novel species do not hold fruit the most previous as annual in weeding 3 times, the 2-3 month and each shallow intertillage of the 5-6 month combine weeding once,
The 10-11 month intertills deeply, first roots out weeds compost, trains in plant base portion, then plough deeply 25 centimetres after becoming thoroughly decomposed；After bearing fruit, often
Weeding 2 times in Nian, January, shallow intertillage was loosened the soil, Accelerate bloom；The comprehensive weeding of deep intertillage of the 10-11 month, promotes root growth, ploughs deeply
25 centimetres.
The described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is: use trade name " the green grain husk of the Korea S SK " mineral oil that SK company of Korea S produces
Fruit tree is sprayed by 300-400 times of solution, is mainly used in preventing and treating red spider, makes fruit color more bright-coloured, nontoxic residual without pesticide
Stay, become organic fruits；The preventing and treating of leaf miner uses 2,4%0,000 1000-2000 times of liquid of Lingshui Spring agent, in spray medicine at dusk, increases shockproof
Effect；If the yellow nursery stock being found to have doubtful yellow twig in early days is the most thoroughly removed burn, remove liming powder in cave portion, prevent
Virus spread；The yellow twig disease initial stage, spray medicine, add water in 5 liters of leachates obtained toward 500 grams of Nicotiana tabacum L., be separately added into 500 grams peppery
Green pepper adds water 50 liters of leachates obtained, 15 grams of chloromycetin and 901 agricultural potentiation spreader-stickers 15 milliliters, after hybrid filtering, every 5-7 days
Spray once, can effectively suppress yellow twig to swallow extension slowly, and spray medicine is urgent.
The above-described grafting knife through sterilization refers to grafting knife in mass concentration be that 2% sodium hydroxide is dense with quality
Degree be 2% formalin mixed solution in soak 1-2min.
1. above-described culture medium is MS+6-BA0.35mg/L+GA30.10mg/L+NAA0.05mg/L+2% sugar
Honey, pH 5.8-6.0.
2. above-described culture medium is 1/4MS+ IBA0.5mg/L+ ABT 0.2mg/L+2% molasses, pH 5.8-
6.0。
Above-described fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: 80 weight portion sheep stool, 60 weight portion pig manures, 20
Weight portion humic acid, 10 weight portion chitosans, 50 weight portion Caulis Sacchari sinensis straws, 20 weight portion plant ash, 30 weight portion tea bran and 2 weights
Amount part actinomycetes live bacteria agent.
The preparation method of fertilizer is: by weight, by sheep stool, pig manure, humic acid, chitosan, Caulis Sacchari sinensis straw, vegetation
Ash and tea bran mix homogeneously, obtain mixture, adds parts by weight actinomycetes live bacteria agent in the mixture, controls moisture at 35%-
50%, mix homogeneously, build heap, at normal temperatures fermentation 15-20 days.
The implantation methods of a kind of Exocarpium Citri Grandis of the present invention, selects the 4-5 age of tree, and robust growth, trunk are thick, without pest and disease damage
The seed of Citrus shatangju tree, strictly controls breeding condition, is cultivated into Resistant rootstock Seedling, and utilizes bud grafting technology, by grafting
After carrying out rationalizing management, cultivate breeding detoxic seedling, it is often more important that this breeding detoxic seedling is planted experimentally successfully in Guangxi, and fertilising is adopted
Mixing with for inorganic fertilizer and fertilizer, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control uses " the green grain husk of Korea S SK " mineral oil, Calx etc..Pass through said method
The Exocarpium Citri Grandis Mean Fruit Weight produced more than 150 grams, maximum single fruit weight more than 220 grams, general flavone content >=5.50%, naringin contains
Amount >=5.00%, Radix seu Folium Tosicodendri Delavayi glucoside content >=0.20%, volatile oil content >=0.50%, effective ingredient is high, and quality is excellent, sells in respectively
Big pharmacy.
And the cultivation of detoxic seedling successfully decreases the generation of Exocarpium Citri Grandis disease, improve yield and quality, promote locality
The Sustainable Healthy Development of Exocarpium Citri Grandis plant husbandry, creates objective economic benefit for local farmers.
Claims (5)
1. an implantation methods for Exocarpium Citri Grandis, including the cultivation of nursery stock, selection of land, whole, definite value, rich water quality management, field management, disease
The step of pest control；It is characterized in that: the cultivation of nursery stock includes the cultivation of stock, bud grafting and grafting three steps of management；
The cultivation of described stock is: select the 4-5 age of tree, and well developed root system, robust growth, trunk be thick, sand without pest and disease damage
The seed of sugar Fructus Citri tangerinae tree, for reducing material contamination source, when selecting seed, should select within continuous more than three days, carry out after fair weather；With
After tap water cleans up, first with the alcoholic solution sterilization 6-8min that mass concentration is 50%, it is the laundry of 10% by mass concentration
Powder soaks 10 min, with aseptic water washing 3-5 time, and constantly vibrates, peels off interior episperm, be then seeded in ready substantially
In culture medium MS, when 27 ± 0.5 DEG C of light culture to seedling grow to 0.4cm height, by the local cut-out of distance ground 15cm, below
Part is as stock；
Described bud grafting is: takes 1.5 centimetres of square buds at Exocarpium Citri Grandis axil, rinses well with tap water, is 5% by mass concentration
Detergent carries out disinfection, and immersion limit, limit is stirred, aseptic water washing 3～5 times；With 0.5 mg/L NAA pretreatment 5 min, then use
1.2mg/L6-BA min pretreatment 12 min；By pretreated side's bud distillation washing 2 times, before grafting with 0.1% mercuric chloride
Sterilize in solution 9min, and immersion limit, limit is stirred, the most again with aseptic water washing 3～5 times；Aseptically, with through disappearing
Grafting knife 1.5 centimeters under stock section of poison leave 1.5 centimetres of square holes, remove epidermis until xylem, scion is embedded stock
Opening part, phloem of combining closely, outside the tooth eye dew of scion, bandage with plastic sheeting, the test tube Seedling grafted is put
Enter off-the-shelf culture medium 1. in；Spike length waiting carries out except sprouting after going out 2～4 leaves, be transferred to culture medium and 2. continue to cultivate；
After interface healing, remove thin film；Nursery stock to be grafted moves on to warmhouse booth seedling exercising 2d when growing 5 blades after, use during removal seedling
Sterilized water washes down the grains of sand, plants in non-toxic base；
Described grafting management: seedling development enriches phosphorus, potash fertilizer based on quick-acting nitrogenous fertilizer, auxiliary, spray containing in,
The foliage fertilizer of trace element, germinates every time and applies fertilizer the last week, promotes growth and the new sprouting slightly next time of root system；Nursery stock
Need before going out garden surely to do shaping and pinching in time；Should pour water in time when running into arid moisturizing, and weeding in combining, many rainy seasons
Joint, carries out drainage waterlogging prevention work；When cultivating seedlings is to uniform up and down, and nursery stock scion part is high more than 20 centimetres, trunk footpath thick 0.8
Time more than centimetre, take the grafting nursery stock as field planting of robust growth.
The implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Grandis the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described selection of land is: selecting soil layer deep, loose, quality is fertile, rich in humus, subacidity or neutrality, and irrigation and drainage
Plot easily；
Described is wholely: using powder ridge machine powder ridge wholely, tilth is 60-80cm；
Described field planting is: dig planting pit according to the density of spacing in the rows 4 × line-spacing 5m, cave length be each respectively 80cm, 80cm,
60cm, is exposed to the sun after digging cave one month, carries out go back to cave, often spreads manuer in holes into the pig manure 5 kilograms that becomes thoroughly decomposed of 5 kilograms, then goes back to soil, then every cave
Applying calcium superphosphate 1 kilogram again, then return soil, last every cave applies 1 kilogram of Calx again, and backfill soil is planted to 30 centimeters high；Plant
Time by putting into planting pit central authorities after the root system pruning of the grafting nursery stock of above-mentioned robust growth, unfold root system, righting, banket while light
Gently upwards carry Seedling, tread, make root system touch with soil；Water foot and determine root water, around seedling, make the tree dish of 1m, cover with bran shell；
Described rich water quality management is: at the beginning of the spring, the end of spring and the beginning of summer, time of the year when autumn changes into winter respectively apply fertilizer once；Execute rush flower January in spring and protect fertilizers for potted flowers, in
Opening cave at tree base portion 1 meter, every applies fecaluria 50 kilograms；Between the 3-4 month of the end of spring and the beginning of summer, execute fruit retention fertile, every retting flower of spreading manuer in holes
Raw bran 1 jin, 1 kilogram of phosphate fertilizer；The 9-10 month in time of the year when autumn changes into winter executes Bao Shu and crosses winter top dressing, every fertilizer 50 kilograms of spreading manuer in holes；
Described field management is: control the spring tip, summer shoot of erasing, and protects leaf flower and fruit protecting, flower and fruit thinning after steady fruit, strengthens tree vigo(u)r,
Cultivate strong tree；Novel species do not hold fruit the most previous as annual in weeding 3 times, the 2-3 month and each shallow intertillage of the 5-6 month combine weeding once, 10-
November intertills deeply, first roots out weeds compost, trains in plant base portion, then plough deeply 25 centimetres after becoming thoroughly decomposed；After bearing fruit, annual in
Weeding 2 times, January, shallow intertillage was loosened the soil, Accelerate bloom；The comprehensive weeding of deep intertillage of the 10-11 month, promotes root growth, ploughs deeply 25 lis
Rice；
The described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is: use trade name " the green grain husk of Korea S SK " mineral oil 300-that SK company of Korea S produces
Fruit tree is sprayed by 400 times of solution, is mainly used in preventing and treating red spider, makes fruit color more bright-coloured, and nontoxic non agricultural chemical residuum becomes
For organic fruits；The preventing and treating of leaf miner uses 2,4%0,000 1000-2000 times of liquid of Lingshui Spring agent, in spray medicine at dusk, increases shockproof effect；
If the yellow nursery stock being found to have doubtful yellow twig in early days is the most thoroughly removed burn, remove liming powder in cave portion, prevent virus
Spread；At the yellow twig disease initial stage, spray medicine, add water in 5 liters of leachates obtained toward 500 grams of Nicotiana tabacum L., be separately added into 500 grams of Fructus Capsicis and add
The leachate that 50 liters of water obtains, 15 grams of chloromycetin and 901 agricultural potentiation spreader-stickers 15 milliliters, after hybrid filtering, sprayed one every 5-7 days
Secondary, can effectively suppress yellow twig to swallow extension slowly, spray medicine is urgent.
The implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Grandis the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the described grafting knife through sterilization is
Refer to by grafting knife mass concentration be the Eusol of 10-20%, mass concentration be liquor natrii hypochloritis and the quality of 5.25%
Any one solution soaking 1-2min in the mixed solution that concentration is 2% sodium hydroxide and mass concentration is 2% formalin.
The implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Grandis the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: 1. described culture medium is MS+6-
BA0.35mg/L+GA30.10mg/L+NAA0.05mg/L+2% molasses, pH 5.8-6.0；
2. described culture medium is 1/4MS+ IBA0.5mg/L+ ABT 0.2mg/L+2% molasses, pH 5.8-6.0.
The implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Grandis the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described fertilizer is by following weight portion
The raw material composition of number: 70-80 weight portion sheep stool, 50-60 weight portion pig manure, 15-20 weight portion humic acid, 5-10 weight portion shell are poly-
Sugar, 40-50 weight portion Caulis Sacchari sinensis straw, 15-20 weight portion plant ash, 25-30 weight portion tea bran and 1-2 weight portion actinomycetes viable bacteria
Agent；
The preparation method of fertilizer is: by weight, by sheep stool, pig manure, humic acid, chitosan, Caulis Sacchari sinensis straw, plant ash and
Tea bran mix homogeneously, obtains mixture, in the mixture add parts by weight actinomycetes live bacteria agent, control moisture at 35%-50%,
Mix homogeneously, builds heap, at normal temperatures fermentation 15-20 days.
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| CN116584379A (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-08-15 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | Quick propagation method for exocarpium Citri Grandis tissue culture |
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| CN106258763A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2017-01-04 | 淮南市农康农业科技有限公司 | A kind of ecology planting method of Fructus Citri junoris |
| CN106612848A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-10 | 广西金神农生态农业科技开发有限公司 | Fertilizing method capable of improving content of hesperidin in exocarpium |
| CN106718573A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-31 | 广西金神农生态农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods for improving Exocarpium Citri Grandis content of hesperidin |
| CN106665252A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-17 | 茂名市水果科学研究所 | Safe and high-yield cultivation method of exocarpium |
| CN106857141A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-06-20 | 邱德文 | A kind of method and reagent set for preventing and treating Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen |
| CN106818375A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-06-13 | 广西陆川县橘旺农业开发有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum |
| CN107567848A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-01-12 | 四川省林业科学研究院 | A kind of walnut summer budding method |
| CN107691136A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-02-16 | 博白县顿谷八胜生态农业种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum |
| CN110521596A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-12-03 | 广东石油化工学院 | A method of induction Exocarpium Citri Grandis callus budding |
| CN110521596B (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2023-03-31 | 广东石油化工学院 | Method for inducing exocarpium citri grandis callus to bud |
| CN111771592A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-16 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for improving fruit setting rate of exocarpium citri rubrum |
| CN113826515A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2021-12-24 | 海南福柚生态农业有限公司 | Cultivation method of yellow-meat green pomelos |
| CN116584379A (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-08-15 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | Quick propagation method for exocarpium Citri Grandis tissue culture |
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