CN105594429A - Method for planting hylocereus polyrhizus in stony desertification mountain land - Google Patents
Method for planting hylocereus polyrhizus in stony desertification mountain land Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for planting hylocereus polyrhizus in stony desertification mountain land. The planting method comprises the steps of land selection, land preparation, field planting, reshaping and pruning, field management, nutrient and water management, disease and insect pest prevention and control and harvesting. The planting and management method includes land selection, land preparation, field planting, reshaping and pruning, field management, nutrient and water management, disease and insect pest prevention and control and harvesting, so that the forestry department and peasants have better regulations for hylocereus polyrhizus planting, and rural economic growth and ecological restoration of the stony desertification land are promoted. A dwarf cash crop peanuts is further interplanted in a hylocereus polyrhizus orchard, the soil fertility is fully and effectively utilized, the multiple crop index is improved, meanwhile the coverage rate of soil is also improved, soil evaporation is decreased, the surroundings of root systems of the hylocereus polyrhizus are kept wet, growth and development of the hylocereus polyrhizus are facilitated, and the incomes of fruit farmers are increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the implantation methods of the red dragon fruit of the cultural method of economic plants, particularly Karst Mountains Desertification Area.
Background technology
Stony desertification (StonyDesertification) refers at the torrid zone, moistening, the grassland climate condition in subtropical zone and rockUnder molten natural background of extremely growing, disturbed by human activity, surface vegetation is wrecked, cause soil seriously to run off, baseThe land deterioration phenomenon of the exposed or gravel buildup of rock large area is also the extreme form of karst area land deterioration. Come from the origin cause of formationSay, the principal element that causes stony desertification is human activity. Because natural vegetation for a long time is constantly destroyed, large-area steepOpening up wasteland in slope, causes earth's surface exposed, adds that Karst hill district soil layer is thin, and basement rock exposure is shallow, and heavy rain scouring force is strong, a large amount of water and soilThe rear rock that runs off shows especially exposed gradually, presents " stony desertification " phenomenon, and As time goes on, the degree of " stony desertification " and faceLong-pending also in constantly intensification and development. The most direct consequence of " stony desertification " development is exactly the forfeiture of land resource. Again due to stony desertificationArea lacks vegetation, can not water conservation, be often accompanied by serious human livestock drinking water difficulty.
At present, nearly more than 70% Rocky desertification hazard of China is mainly distributed in Guizhou, the cloud centered by Guizhou PlateauSouthern 8 provinces (district, city) such as south, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing, Sichuan, Guangdong, stony desertification area reaches 12.96 ten thousand square kilometres,Annual land area of approximately engulfing 1856 square kilometres, is totally aggravation trend. Stony desertification is that soil, karst area extremely moves backThe result of changing is the No.1 ecological problem that Guangxi faces. Karst Region of Guangxi landforms are widely distributed, whole district's karst region land area 1.25Hundred million mu, account for 35.2% of whole district's area, relate to (city, district) 779 small towns, 76Ge county of 10Ge city (forest farm). At karst region soilIn ground area, stony desertification soil reaches 3,568 ten thousand mu, occupies the 3rd, the whole nation, is only second to Yunnan and Guizhou. Karst area population 1200Many ten thousand, account for 1/4th of Guangxi whole district total population. Because stony desertification is serious, cause local economy social development very stagnantAfter, more than 90% population below the poverty line of the Guangxi whole district is all distributed in Rocky Desertification Region. For accelerating Rocky Desertification Control, Guangxi is passed through energeticallyDevelopment characteristic industry, actively pushes forward Forestry Ecological poverty alleviation, allows the masses firmly establish the idea of development of " tor is also precious ". Nowadays,Various places, Guangxi are suited measures to local conditions to have developed dalbergia odorifera, teak, are appointed the rare trees such as Caragana arborescens, and walnut, Chinese chestnut, bamboo, mountain PortugalThe commodity trees such as grape, honeysuckle and Chinese herbal medicine etc., realized the doulbe-sides' victory of ecology and economy. Fengshan County is administering in stony desertification energeticallyDevelopment Walnut Industry, 100,000 mu of tor plantation walnuts, becomes Guangxi Walnut Industry the first county.
Study and become gradually focus for self-restraint Karst Mountains Desertification Area exploitation kind of a plant, as authorized publication number to be:The invention of 103026875A: Rocky Desertification Region is cultivated and cultivated the method for appointing Caragana arborescens, relates to a kind of Rocky Desertification Region and cultivates and plantThe method of Caragana arborescens is appointed in training, it is characterized in that: comprise seed selection and grow seedlings, the process such as the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, field planting, felling management, thisBright method, can provide forest department and peasant planting to appoint Caragana arborescens to have good code, appoints Caragana arborescens to improve Mountainous Area by plantationEcological environment, adjustment industry can promote cattle and sheep cultivation and the development of putting lac insect in a suitable place to breed simultaneously, hillside greening can be contained laterSupport water source, conserve water and soil, promote the economic growth in rural area, recover the mountain scenery of southwestern Rocky Desertification Region beauty.
Red dragon fruit (Latin literary fame: HylocereusundulatusBritt), claims again passion plant, celestial mamoncillo, Yu Longguo.Cactaceae, triangular prism belong to or seleniereus meja-lantous plant. The Costa Rica in Central America, original producton location, Guatemala, Panama, melon in distressThe ground such as Dorr, Cuba, Colombia. After import into the country in Southeast Asia such as Vietnam, Thailand and China Taiwan Province, the sea of China's MainlandThe provinces and regions such as south, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Yunnan. Not only taste is fragrant and sweet for red dragon fruit, also has very high nutritive value, and it combines in waterReally, bud, vegetables, medical advantage are. Not only nutritious, function is unique, seldom has disease and pest, uses hardly anyAgricultural chemicals can normal growth. Therefore, red dragon fruit be a kind of green, environmental protection fruit and have must curative effect health care nutrient foodProduct. In the red dragon fruit of each hectogram pulp, 83.75 grams of moisture contents, 0.34 gram of ash content, 0.17 gram of crude fat, 0.62 gram of crude protein, thick1.21 grams of fibers, 13.91 grams, carbohydrate, 59.65 kilocalories of heats, 1.62 grams of dietary fibers, 5.22 milligrams of vitamin Cs, really2.83 grams of sugar, 7.83 grams of glucose, calcium 6.3-8.8 milligram, phosphorus 30.2-36.1 milligram, 0.55～0.65 milligram of iron and colored in a large numberBlue or green element (red meat fruit kind is the richest), water-soluble meals albumen, phytalbumin etc.
Red dragon fruit property is sweet flat, main nutrient composition have protein, dietary fiber, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin C,Iron, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, potassium etc. Be rich in a large amount of pulps, have abundant carrotene, Aneurine, B2, B3, B12, C etc., fruit stoneInterior (seed of black sesame) more contains the mineral matters such as abundant calcium, phosphorus, iron and various enzyme, albumin, cellulosic and height are denseDegree natural colouring matter anthocyanidin (especially with red meat for), colored, stem and tender shoots are more just like various effects of its close relative (aloe).
The present inventor carries out planting experiment at Karst Mountains Desertification Area to red dragon fruit, finds that red dragon fruit grows fine, and producesThe red dragon fruit of the red heart that goes out is large, taste is sweet, concerning peasant, not only can reduce planting cost, improves income, can also improveKarst Mountains Desertification Area ecological environment.
But, at present due to the plantation of red dragon fruit, a lot of local each have their own methods, from the plantation of growing seedlings, management quality ginsengPoor uneven, some peasant households can not plant, and have affected the growth of red dragon fruit, and what have does not understand how to prevent and treat, cause length to disease and pestFruit smell bad out, so, the method for normalizing that a kind of red dragon fruit is cultivated and cultivates is proposed, be local forest department and mountain areaThe active demand of peasant household.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide one and be suitable for the red dragon fruit implantation methods of Karst Mountains Desertification Area, make its gradually specification riseCome, not only can reduce planting cost, improve income, can also improve Karst Mountains Desertification Area ecological environment, promote stony desertification mountainThe sustainable development of the nuisanceless red dragon fruit industry of terre verte.
The red dragon fruit of Karst Mountains Desertification Area of the present invention implantation methods comprises the following steps:
(1), select kind: " match dragon No. 1 ".
" match dragon No. 1 " (inventor's name) is the new varieties that inventor researches and develops for many years, and external form resembles the red light that is draping over one's shoulders imperial squamaCage is peculiar attractive in appearance, noble lucky. It is rose-colored that pulp is, bright-coloured tempting, sugar content more than 10% (pol 18-20 degree) and be entirelyFructose, not containing sucrose and maltose, very easily absorbs, fresh and sweet tasty and refreshing, is with refined perfume (or spice). Pre-through Guangxi food quality inspection institute and Beijing's diseaseAnti-control Spot detection, fruit is interior except being rich in vitamin A, B1, B2, B3, C, unrighted acid, calcium, zinc, iron, selenium and 18Outside seed amino acid composition, contain more especially the rare sulfoprotein of other fruit, phytalbumin, anthocyanidin, solubility mealsFiber and chitosan, and effect is peculiar, very remarkable to the health-care effect of human body.
The red imperial fruit of new varieties continues the high-new technology farming product of high yield (Wan Yuantian). In plant development process, seldom sickInsect pest, need not be used agricultural chemicals, all manure uses, thereby there is no the residual contamination of fertilizer and pesticide, be that a kind of environment-friendly type is naturalPollution-free food, the holy fruit of model, century of being described as green ecological by modern.
Inventor, by the planting experimentally of " match dragon No. 1 " red imperial fruit kind, finds that this kind can under the technology of the present invention conditionObtain good yield and quality.
(2), selection of land: be chosen in convenient, sunny, the well-ventilated that supplies water, plant on level land that silt content is 50～70%,And soil pH value is neutrality or subacidity;
(3), whole ground: adopt the tractor linkage spiral drill bit machinery powder ridge of burying, concrete technology adopts application number to be201110146170.7 denomination of invention is: the powder ridge technology of " Rice Powder ridge cultivating method "; When powder ridge rotary tillage and according to every mu200-300Kg applies base manure;
(4), field planting: every mu of vertical concrete column 70 bars, the specification of post is 25 × 25 centimetres, cement column length 1.8～2m, imbeds underground30～50cm, 1.4～1.5m above ground level, garden disc carrier is put up with circular reinforcing bar in top; When field planting, 3-4 strain seedling aroundConcrete column is equidistant plantation evenly, allows red dragon fruit plant upwards grow along post; The farm manure fully becoming thoroughly decomposed with 1～2kg before plantationMix thoroughly with the soil of kind of plant hole, the degree of depth of plantation, at 3～4cm, is determined seedling and concrete column binding with rope after plantation, at the beginning of field plantingPhase is noted near the ground moistening that keeps seedling;
(5), pruning: when branch grows to the pinching when long of 1.3-1.4 rice, promote branch, and allow branch naturally droop, evenly toSurrounding distributes, accumulation nutrient, early flowering result; Annual twice pruning, pruned in spring and autumn, mainly wiped out longFruitful branch, the branch of excessive growth, sick and weak branch, sick branch, upset branch, intersect branch, overstocked branch, cultivate good vigorous branches, promote reproductive growth.As pruned in spring, mainly wipe out sick and weak branch, overstocked branch, the cutting back branch of excessive growth, long fruitful branch, upset branch and intersection, subtractFew nutrient consumption and promotion illumination, accumulation nutrition, promotes the bud differentiation of branch; And prune autumn mainly after fruit picking, wipe outOld branch, sick branch and the overstocked branch of bearing fruit for many years, retain the healthy and strong branch being evenly distributed; Tied fruit branch harvest every year afterWiped out, allow it again send forth branches, to ensure the result output in the coming year;
(6), field management: to the first tenday period of a month in May, red dragon fruit orchard cover is cultivated peanut by the end of April, and before peanut seeding, the whole land of digging is executedUrea 10-15 jin, mu is executed 50 jin of calcium superphosphate, and mu is executed 15 jin of potassium sulfates, 800 jin of mu basal dressings, applying the degree of depth is 8-10 centimetre;Then adopt the specification of 5 × 8 cun of seeding row spacings, determine cave device with peanut, every cave Shuan Ren plants, and the degree of depth of the sowing of peanut is 5-6 centimetre,Broadcast rear compacting; If autumn and winter, rainwater was little, soil is very dry, needs to water to the root of red dragon fruit plant in time; In time to peanutPlant carries out weeding;
(7), rich water quality management: because the fruit harvesting phase is long, heavy dressing organic fertilizer, it is balanced long-term that nitrogenous, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer are wantedUse; The fertilising of red dragon fruit divides base manure and topdresses, annual basal dressing twice, the season of growing March before with to have adopted fruit October each afterwardsOnce, each every cave 20-25kg; " early, thin, the duty " principle of topdressing and follow, spring, young sprout germination period was given every red dragon fruit plantSpread fertilizer over the fields slightly fertile 2-3Kg, slightly fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following weight content: 30-40% fertilizer+45-50% inorganic fertilizer+0.5-1% corruptionGrow acid+0.5-1% citric acid+surplus plant ash, wherein N >=18%, P in inorganic fertilizer2O5≥9%、K2O >=18%; Fruit expanding period is givenEvery red dragon fruit plant is spread fertilizer over the fields Liquid Fertilizer 8-10Kg, and continuous three times, seven to ten days, interval, each and impose Liquid Fertilizer gross weightThe selenium fertilizer of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate+gross weight 0.5% of the borax+gross weight 0.3% of magnesium sulfate+gross weight 0.2% of 0.3%; The knot of bloomingAfter fruit fruit thinning, adopt the Foliar Spraying blade face of phosphorous potassium and fruit once; Red imperial fruits expanding stage and fruiting period keep soilEarth is moistening, and tree dish covers with grass, when weather arid, within 3-4 days, fills with a water;
(8), the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: red imperial fruit disease insect pest is less, and Seedling Stage is subject to snail and ant infestations, at root liming, andSpray insecticidal bactericide simultaneously; For other insect pest, in red dragon fruit orchard, Solar mosquito-killing lamp is installed; In hot and humid seasonThere is the necrosis of branch tissue part and mildew in joint, available insecticidal bactericide control;
(9), gather: red dragon fruit starts to yield positive results after planting for 12-14 month, can bloom 12-15 time every year, and the 4-11 month is for producingThe fruit phase, when thank spend after 30-40d, fruit is by the green look that reddens gradually, the micro-perfume (or spice) of fruit, when bright-coloured, just can gather red dragon really.
The described base manure of above-mentioned steps (3), (6) and (7) is made up of the raw material of following weight content: the 30-40% pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed+ 20-30% Chicken dung+10-15% cake fertilizer+surplus plant ash.
The described fertilizer of above-mentioned steps (7) is filter mud of sugar refinery, Chicken dung, the pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, decomposed cow dung, rape cake,Two or more in soya-bean cake, tea seed cake.
The described fertile commodity that adopt the carefree modern agriculture of Anhui selenium Science and Technology Ltd. to produce of selenium of above-mentioned steps (7) are calledThe product of " selenium fertilizer-fruit tailored version ", company's network address is http://www.youjixi.com/Product/5201783229.html, this is used for the works such as apple, oranges and tangerines, shaddock, navel orange, plum, pears, pomegranate, dragon fruit, pineapple, grapeThing, can significantly improve disease resistance of plant, alleviates disease, increases vane thickness, breathes and strengthens, and photosynthesis strengthens, and dry is long-pendingTired increasing, volume increase 10%-20%, can effectively suppress the absorption of the heavy metals such as arsenic, lead, cadmium, mercury, improves quality, Organic Selenium in productContent 20-60 microgram/kilogram.
This product acts on behind blade face, by plant absorb and body in biological function transform, make in plant a large amount of rawBecome Organic Selenium albumen, plant disease resistance improves simultaneously, and every mu of fruit yield increases income 5 percent to more than 20. Product is through stateFamily's authoritative department inspection qualification, through " selenium fertilizer-fruit tailored version " fruit after treatment, organic selenium content increases by ten to 50Doubly, effect is remarkable, meets the growth requirement of rich selenium industry completely, is the first-selected product of producing selenium-enriched food. On this basisUpper, according to different regions, the growth characteristics of Different Crop, have developed again that to have more the base of specific aim and unique effects specialType: fruit tree Special selenium fertilizer, cereal Special selenium fertilizer, vegetables leaf vegetables Special selenium fertilizer, vegetables tubers Special selenium fertilizer, edible fungi are specialWait more than ten kind of series of products with selenium is fertile, high in technological content, safe, efficient, have no side effect, be convenient to the safety absorption of human body to selenium.The real advantage that embodies high-tech product, meets the health agricultural that country advocates, the spirit that people-oriented.
The described Liquid Fertilizer of above-mentioned steps (7) is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: the mulberry leaf of 25-30 weight portion, 20-The chicken manure of the sugarcane top of 25 weight portions, the Banana Leaf of 15-20 weight portion, 5-10 weight portion, the pig manure of 30-40 weight portion, 1-3 weighRape cake, the zymophyte of 1-2 weight portion and the water of 150-160 weight portion of amount part.
The described zymophyte of above-mentioned steps (7) is the bacterium of becoming thoroughly decomposed, bacillus licheniformis, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomyces and ferment bacterium, heavyAmount ratio is followed successively by 1:1:1:1:2.
The preparation method of the Liquid Fertilizer described in above-mentioned steps (7) is: first by the mulberry leaf of above-mentioned weight portion, sugarcane top, perfume (or spice)Any of several broadleaf plants leaf, chicken manure, pig manure, rape cake add in fermentation vat, are uniformly mixed, and then add the zymophyte of above-mentioned weight portion,Mix, finally add the water of above-mentioned weight portion, within sealing and fermenting 10-15 days, obtain Liquid Fertilizer.
The foliage fertilizer of the phosphorous potassium described in above-mentioned steps (7) is that every 100 kilograms of people and animals urine adds the biphosphate of 1-3 kilogramPotassium sealing and fermenting obtains for 5-10 days.
The described insecticidal bactericide of above-mentioned steps (8) is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: the Chinese cassia tree of 1-2 weight portionMore than 25% of the Baeckea frutescens oil of terpinol, the 3-5 weight portion of oil, 2-3 weight portion, the eucalyptus oil of 6-8 weight portion, 100-110 weight portion600 times of liquid of pyrolkigneous liquid of bacterium spirit 250 times of liquid of wettable powder and 50-80 weight portion.
Pyrolkigneous liquid is to extract through biochemistry new and high technology the natural plants material obtaining. The main component of these product is vinegarAcid, phenols, water, wherein organic composition acetic acid accounts for more than 10%. These product have stronger sterilization, antibacterial merit under high concentrationCan; Under low concentration, can suppress the breeding of miscellaneous bacteria, have fungi-proofing, effect of insect protected. In wood vinegar energy and nitrogen sulfur compound and conductDeodorant uses; Pyrolkigneous liquid is because containing the sterilization of much phenolic material mass-energy, sterilization, and walks quickly and keeps away insect, can be used as sterilization, pest repellant makesWith. In developed country's organic agriculture cultivation, oneself is widely used. Pyrolkigneous liquid can reduce pesticide dosage, as the repellent of insect pestAgent is used.
The described solar deinsectization lamp of above-mentioned steps (8) is made up of lamp stand, solar panel and oil lamp. Solar deinsectizationLamp is easy to be easy-to-use, and its intelligent control module can convert electric energy to solar energy by day and store in battery, to eveningAutomatically light the spectrum frequency conversion light source that lures worm, send the light of specific frequency spectrum, the insect within the scope of 100 meters is around attractedCome over, then electrocuted with high-voltage fence.
Compared with prior art, good effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention introduces a fine variety " match dragon No. 1 " red imperial fruit kind and plant experimentally successfully at Karst Mountains Desertification Area first, has enriched self-restraintThe kind of stony desertification kind plant, and the extra earning that the plantation of red dragon fruit is successfully local peasant household has been created theoretical and actual foundation,Significant to improving geographical environment and the social environment of Rocky Desertification Region.
2, in red dragon fruit of the present invention orchard, interplant short bar industrial crops peanut, both fully effectively utilized soil fertility, improveMultiple crop index, the while increases again the coverage rate of soil, reduces soil evaporation, keeps red dragon fruit root system moistening around, is conducive to redGrowing of dragon fruit, and increased orchard worker's income.
3, the red dragon fruit of the inventive method plantation has the external tables such as well developed root system, branch is luxuriant, preserve moisture and fertility ability is strongExisting, meanwhile, the red dragon fruit of producing large neat, sell lover, fruit matter good yield is high, the fruit harvesting phase is long, same is red really imperialExceed a grade with respect to the variety and quality of general planting, greatly improved economic benefit.
4, insecticidal bactericide of the present invention adopts vegetable source pesticide sterilization component as cinnamon oil, terpinol, Baeckea frutescens oil and eucalyptusLeaf oil and high-efficiency low-toxicity systemic fungicide carbendazim, pest repellant pyrolkigneous liquid mix, and play synergistic function, to mouldPinta and ant, snail have good preventive and therapeutic effect. Because carbendazim has interior suction treatment and protective effect, and pyrolkigneous liquid is because containingThere are the sterilization of much phenolic material mass-energy, sterilization, and walk quickly and keep away insect, add vegetable source pesticide sterilization component, jointly reduce agricultural chemicals and useAmount, thereby the persticide residue of reduction fruit, guarantee people's is healthy.
5, implantation methods of the present invention is at red imperial fruits expanding stage, and Potassium, fertiliser containing magnesium in time, promotes fruit sugar long-pendingTired, increase fruit mouthfeel, the more important thing is and also imposed selenium fertilizer, significantly improve red dragon fruit disease resistance of plant, alleviate disease, increaseVane thickness, breathes and strengthens, and photosynthesis strengthens, and dry-matter accumulation increases, volume increase 10%-20%, can also effectively suppress arsenic, lead,The absorption of the heavy metal such as cadmium, mercury, the quality of raising fruit. In addition, the present invention yield positive results and fruit thinning after also adopt containThe Foliar Spraying blade face of phosphorus potassium and fruit once, can play the effect of anti-shedding, strong fruit and make fruit sugar increase 2-5%, maximum fruit reaches 1.5 kilograms, and sugar content reaches more than 13%.
6, the present invention proposes to prevent from seed selection, selection of land, whole ground, field planting, pruning, field management, rich water quality management, disease and pestThe Cultivate administration method of controlling, gathering, makes the red dragon fruit of forest department and peasant planting have good code, promotes the economy in rural areaIncrease and recover the ecology of Rocky Desertification Region.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
The implantation methods of the red dragon fruit of Karst Mountains Desertification Area of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1), select kind: " match dragon No. 1 ".
(2), selection of land: be chosen in convenient, sunny, the well-ventilated that supplies water, plant on level land that silt content is 50～70%,And soil pH value is neutrality or subacidity;
(3), whole ground: adopt the tractor linkage spiral drill bit machinery powder ridge of burying, concrete technology adopts application number to be201110146170.7 denomination of invention is: the powder ridge technology of " Rice Powder ridge cultivating method "; When powder ridge rotary tillage and according to every mu200-300Kg applies base manure;
(4), field planting: every mu of vertical concrete column 70 bars, the specification of post is 25 × 25 centimetres, cement column length 1.8～2m, imbeds underground30～50cm, 1.4～1.5m above ground level, garden disc carrier is put up with circular reinforcing bar in top; When field planting, 3-4 strain seedling aroundConcrete column is equidistant plantation evenly, allows red dragon fruit plant upwards grow along post; The farm manure fully becoming thoroughly decomposed with 1～2kg before plantationMix thoroughly with the soil of kind of plant hole, the degree of depth of plantation, at 3～4cm, is determined seedling and concrete column binding with rope after plantation, at the beginning of field plantingPhase is noted near the ground moistening that keeps seedling;
(5), pruning: when branch grows to the pinching when long of 1.3-1.4 rice, promote branch, and allow branch naturally droop, evenly toSurrounding distributes, accumulation nutrient, early flowering result; Annual twice pruning, pruned in spring and autumn, mainly wiped out longFruitful branch, the branch of excessive growth, sick and weak branch, sick branch, upset branch, intersect branch, overstocked branch, cultivate good vigorous branches, promote reproductive growth.As pruned in spring, mainly wipe out sick and weak branch, overstocked branch, the cutting back branch of excessive growth, long fruitful branch, upset branch and intersection, subtractFew nutrient consumption and promotion illumination, accumulation nutrition, promotes the bud differentiation of branch; And prune autumn mainly after fruit picking, wipe outOld branch, sick branch and the overstocked branch of bearing fruit for many years, retain the healthy and strong branch being evenly distributed; Tied fruit branch harvest every year afterWiped out, allow it again send forth branches, to ensure the result output in the coming year;
(6), field management: to the first tenday period of a month in May, red dragon fruit orchard cover is cultivated peanut by the end of April, and before peanut seeding, the whole land of digging is executedUrea 10-15 jin, mu is executed 50 jin of calcium superphosphate, and mu is executed 15 jin of potassium sulfates, 800 jin of mu basal dressings, applying the degree of depth is 8-10 centimetre;Then adopt the specification of 5 × 8 cun of seeding row spacings, determine cave device with peanut, every cave Shuan Ren plants, and the degree of depth of the sowing of peanut is 5-6 centimetre,Broadcast rear compacting; If autumn and winter, rainwater was little, soil is very dry, needs to water to the root of red dragon fruit plant in time; In time to peanutPlant carries out weeding;
(7), rich water quality management: because the fruit harvesting phase is long, heavy dressing organic fertilizer, it is balanced long-term that nitrogenous, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer are wantedUse; The fertilising of red dragon fruit divides base manure and topdresses, annual basal dressing twice, the season of growing March before with to have adopted fruit October each afterwardsOnce, each every cave 20-25kg; " early, thin, the duty " principle of topdressing and follow, spring, young sprout germination period was given every red dragon fruit plantSpread fertilizer over the fields slightly fertile 2-3Kg, slightly fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following weight content: 30-40% fertilizer+45-50% inorganic fertilizer+0.5-1% corruptionGrow acid+0.5-1% citric acid+surplus plant ash, wherein N >=18%, P in inorganic fertilizer2O5≥9%、K2O >=18%; Fruit expanding period is givenEvery red dragon fruit plant is spread fertilizer over the fields Liquid Fertilizer 8-10Kg, and continuous three times, seven to ten days, interval, each and impose Liquid Fertilizer gross weightThe selenium fertilizer of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate+gross weight 0.5% of the borax+gross weight 0.3% of magnesium sulfate+gross weight 0.2% of 0.3%; The knot of bloomingAfter fruit fruit thinning, adopt the Foliar Spraying blade face of phosphorous potassium and fruit once; Red imperial fruits expanding stage and fruiting period keep soilEarth is moistening, and tree dish covers with grass, when weather arid, within 3-4 days, fills with a water;
(8), the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: red imperial fruit disease insect pest is less, and Seedling Stage is subject to snail and ant infestations, at root liming, andSpray insecticidal bactericide simultaneously; For other insect pest, in red dragon fruit orchard, Solar mosquito-killing lamp is installed; In hot and humid seasonThere is the necrosis of branch tissue part and mildew in joint, available insecticidal bactericide control;
(9), gather: red dragon fruit starts to yield positive results after planting for 12-14 month, can bloom 12-15 time every year, and the 4-11 month is for producingThe fruit phase, when thank spend after 30-40d, fruit is by the green look that reddens gradually, the micro-perfume (or spice) of fruit, when bright-coloured, just can gather red dragon really. FlowerBeing born in early August by the end of July gathers in the crops.
The described base manure of above-mentioned steps (3), (6), (7) is made up of the raw material of following weight content: 30-40% become thoroughly decomposed pig manure+20-30% Chicken dung+10-15% cake fertilizer+surplus plant ash.
The described fertilizer of above-mentioned steps (7) is filter mud of sugar refinery, Chicken dung and rape cake.
The described fertile commodity that adopt the carefree modern agriculture of Anhui selenium Science and Technology Ltd. to produce of selenium of above-mentioned steps (7) are calledThe product of " selenium fertilizer-fruit tailored version ".
The described Liquid Fertilizer of above-mentioned steps (7) is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: the mulberry leaf of 25 weight portions, 20 weightSugarcane top, the Banana Leaf of 15 weight portions, the chicken manure of 5 weight portions, the pig manure of 30 weight portions, the rape cake of 1 weight portion, 1 weight of partThe zymophyte of amount part and the water of 150 weight portions.
The described zymophyte of above-mentioned steps (7) is the bacterium of becoming thoroughly decomposed, bacillus licheniformis, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomyces and ferment bacterium, heavyAmount ratio is followed successively by 1:1:1:1:2.
The preparation method of the Liquid Fertilizer described in above-mentioned steps (7) is: first by the mulberry leaf of above-mentioned weight portion, sugarcane top, perfume (or spice)Any of several broadleaf plants leaf, chicken manure, pig manure, rape cake add in fermentation vat, are uniformly mixed, and then add the zymophyte of above-mentioned weight portion,Mix, finally add the water of above-mentioned weight portion, within sealing and fermenting 10-15 days, obtain Liquid Fertilizer.
The foliage fertilizer of the phosphorous potassium described in above-mentioned steps (7) is that every 100 kilograms of people and animals urine adds the biphosphate of 1-3 kilogramPotassium sealing and fermenting obtains for 5-10 days.
The described insecticidal bactericide of above-mentioned steps (8) is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: the cinnamon oil, 2 of 1 weight portionThe eucalyptus oil of the terpinol of weight portion, the Baeckea frutescens oil of 3 weight portions, 6 weight portions, 25% carbendazol wettable powder of 100 weight portions600 times of liquid of pyrolkigneous liquid of 250 times of liquid and 50 weight portions.
The described solar deinsectization lamp of above-mentioned steps (8) is made up of lamp stand, solar panel and oil lamp.
Embodiment 2
(1), select kind: " match dragon No. 1 ".
(2), selection of land: be chosen in convenient, sunny, the well-ventilated that supplies water, plant on level land that silt content is 50～70%,And soil pH value is neutrality or subacidity;
(3), whole ground: adopt the tractor linkage spiral drill bit machinery powder ridge of burying, concrete technology adopts application number to be201110146170.7 denomination of invention is: the powder ridge technology of " Rice Powder ridge cultivating method "; When powder ridge rotary tillage and according to every mu200-300Kg applies base manure;
(4), field planting: every mu of vertical concrete column 70 bars, the specification of post is 25 × 25 centimetres, cement column length 1.8～2m, imbeds underground30～50cm, 1.4～1.5m above ground level, garden disc carrier is put up with circular reinforcing bar in top; When field planting, 3-4 strain seedling aroundConcrete column is equidistant plantation evenly, allows red dragon fruit plant upwards grow along post; The farm manure fully becoming thoroughly decomposed with 1～2kg before plantationMix thoroughly with the soil of kind of plant hole, the degree of depth of plantation, at 3～4cm, is determined seedling and concrete column binding with rope after plantation, at the beginning of field plantingPhase is noted near the ground moistening that keeps seedling;
(5), pruning: when branch grows to the pinching when long of 1.3-1.4 rice, promote branch, and allow branch naturally droop, evenly toSurrounding distributes, accumulation nutrient, early flowering result; Annual twice pruning, pruned in spring and autumn, mainly wiped out longFruitful branch, the branch of excessive growth, sick and weak branch, sick branch, upset branch, intersect branch, overstocked branch, cultivate good vigorous branches, promote reproductive growth.As pruned in spring, mainly wipe out sick and weak branch, overstocked branch, the cutting back branch of excessive growth, long fruitful branch, upset branch and intersection, subtractFew nutrient consumption and promotion illumination, accumulation nutrition, promotes the bud differentiation of branch; And prune autumn mainly after fruit picking, wipe outOld branch, sick branch and the overstocked branch of bearing fruit for many years, retain the healthy and strong branch being evenly distributed; Tied fruit branch harvest every year afterWiped out, allow it again send forth branches, to ensure the result output in the coming year;
(6), field management: to the first tenday period of a month in May, red dragon fruit orchard cover is cultivated peanut by the end of April, and before peanut seeding, the whole land of digging is executedUrea 10-15 jin, mu is executed 50 jin of calcium superphosphate, and mu is executed 15 jin of potassium sulfates, 800 jin of mu basal dressings, applying the degree of depth is 8-10 centimetre;Then adopt the specification of 5 × 8 cun of seeding row spacings, determine cave device with peanut, every cave Shuan Ren plants, and the degree of depth of the sowing of peanut is 5-6 centimetre,Broadcast rear compacting; If autumn and winter, rainwater was little, soil is very dry, needs to water to the root of red dragon fruit plant in time; In time to peanutPlant carries out weeding;
(7), rich water quality management: because the fruit harvesting phase is long, heavy dressing organic fertilizer, it is balanced long-term that nitrogenous, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer are wantedUse; The fertilising of red dragon fruit divides base manure and topdresses, annual basal dressing twice, the season of growing March before with to have adopted fruit October each afterwardsOnce, each every cave 20-25kg; " early, thin, the duty " principle of topdressing and follow, spring, young sprout germination period was given every red dragon fruit plantSpread fertilizer over the fields slightly fertile 2-3Kg, slightly fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following weight content: 30-40% fertilizer+45-50% inorganic fertilizer+0.5-1% corruptionGrow acid+0.5-1% citric acid+surplus plant ash, wherein N >=18%, P in inorganic fertilizer2O5≥9%、K2O >=18%; Fruit expanding period is givenEvery red dragon fruit plant is spread fertilizer over the fields Liquid Fertilizer 8-10Kg, and continuous three times, seven to ten days, interval, each and impose Liquid Fertilizer gross weightThe selenium fertilizer of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate+gross weight 0.5% of the borax+gross weight 0.3% of magnesium sulfate+gross weight 0.2% of 0.3%; The knot of bloomingAfter fruit fruit thinning, adopt the Foliar Spraying blade face of phosphorous potassium and fruit once; Red imperial fruits expanding stage and fruiting period keep soilEarth is moistening, and tree dish covers with grass, when weather arid, within 3-4 days, fills with a water;
(8), the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: red imperial fruit disease insect pest is less, and Seedling Stage is subject to snail and ant infestations, at root liming, andSpray insecticidal bactericide simultaneously; For other insect pest, in red dragon fruit orchard, Solar mosquito-killing lamp is installed; In hot and humid seasonThere is the necrosis of branch tissue part and mildew in joint, available insecticidal bactericide control;
(9), gather: red dragon fruit starts to yield positive results after planting for 12-14 month, can bloom 12-15 time every year, and the 4-11 month is for producingThe fruit phase, when thank spend after 30-40d, fruit is by the green look that reddens gradually, the micro-perfume (or spice) of fruit, when bright-coloured, just can gather red dragon really. FlowerBeing born in early August by the end of July gathers in the crops.
The described base manure of above-mentioned steps (3), (6) and (7) is made up of the raw material of following weight content: the 30-40% pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed+ 20-30% Chicken dung+10-15% cake fertilizer+surplus plant ash.
The described fertilizer of above-mentioned steps (7) is pig manure and the rape cake of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
The described fertile commodity that adopt the carefree modern agriculture of Anhui selenium Science and Technology Ltd. to produce of selenium of above-mentioned steps (7) are calledThe product of " selenium fertilizer-fruit tailored version ".
The described Liquid Fertilizer of above-mentioned steps (7) is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: the mulberry leaf of 28 weight portions, 24 weightThe sugarcane top of part, the Banana Leaf of 18 weight portions, the chicken manure of 8 weight portions, the pig manure of 35 weight portions, the rape cake, 1.5 of 2 weight portionsThe water of the zymophyte of weight portion and 155 weight portions.
The described zymophyte of above-mentioned steps (7) is the bacterium of becoming thoroughly decomposed, bacillus licheniformis, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomyces and ferment bacterium, heavyAmount ratio is followed successively by 1:1:1:1:2.
The preparation method of the Liquid Fertilizer described in above-mentioned steps (7) is: first by the mulberry leaf of above-mentioned weight portion, sugarcane top, perfume (or spice)Any of several broadleaf plants leaf, chicken manure, pig manure, rape cake add in fermentation vat, are uniformly mixed, and then add the zymophyte of above-mentioned weight portion,Mix, finally add the water of above-mentioned weight portion, within sealing and fermenting 10-15 days, obtain Liquid Fertilizer.
The foliage fertilizer of the phosphorous potassium described in above-mentioned steps (7) is that every 100 kilograms of people and animals urine adds the biphosphate of 1-3 kilogramPotassium sealing and fermenting obtains for 5-10 days.
The described insecticidal bactericide of above-mentioned steps (8) is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: the Chinese cassia tree of 1.5 weight portions25% carbendazim of the Baeckea frutescens oil of terpinol, 4 weight portions of oil, 2.5 weight portions, the eucalyptus oil of 7 weight portions, 105 weight portions is wettable600 times of liquid of pyrolkigneous liquid of property 250 times of liquid of pulvis and 70 weight portions.
The described solar deinsectization lamp of above-mentioned steps (8) is made up of lamp stand, solar panel and oil lamp.
Embodiment 3
(1), select kind: " match dragon No. 1 ".
(2), selection of land: be chosen in convenient, sunny, the well-ventilated that supplies water, plant on level land that silt content is 50～70%,And soil pH value is neutrality or subacidity;
(3), whole ground: adopt the tractor linkage spiral drill bit machinery powder ridge of burying, concrete technology adopts application number to be201110146170.7 denomination of invention is: the powder ridge technology of " Rice Powder ridge cultivating method "; When powder ridge rotary tillage and according to every mu200-300Kg applies base manure;
(4), field planting: every mu of vertical concrete column 70 bars, the specification of post is 25 × 25 centimetres, cement column length 1.8～2m, imbeds underground30～50cm, 1.4～1.5m above ground level, garden disc carrier is put up with circular reinforcing bar in top; When field planting, 3-4 strain seedling aroundConcrete column is equidistant plantation evenly, allows red dragon fruit plant upwards grow along post; The farm manure fully becoming thoroughly decomposed with 1～2kg before plantationMix thoroughly with the soil of kind of plant hole, the degree of depth of plantation, at 3～4cm, is determined seedling and concrete column binding with rope after plantation, at the beginning of field plantingPhase is noted near the ground moistening that keeps seedling;
(5), pruning: when branch grows to the pinching when long of 1.3-1.4 rice, promote branch, and allow branch naturally droop, evenly toSurrounding distributes, accumulation nutrient, early flowering result; Annual twice pruning, pruned in spring and autumn, mainly wiped out longFruitful branch, the branch of excessive growth, sick and weak branch, sick branch, upset branch, intersect branch, overstocked branch, cultivate good vigorous branches, promote reproductive growth.As pruned in spring, mainly wipe out sick and weak branch, overstocked branch, the cutting back branch of excessive growth, long fruitful branch, upset branch and intersection, subtractFew nutrient consumption and promotion illumination, accumulation nutrition, promotes the bud differentiation of branch; And prune autumn mainly after fruit picking, wipe outOld branch, sick branch and the overstocked branch of bearing fruit for many years, retain the healthy and strong branch being evenly distributed; Tied fruit branch harvest every year afterWiped out, allow it again send forth branches, to ensure the result output in the coming year;
(6), field management: to the first tenday period of a month in May, red dragon fruit orchard cover is cultivated peanut by the end of April, and before peanut seeding, the whole land of digging is executedUrea 10-15 jin, mu is executed 50 jin of calcium superphosphate, and mu is executed 15 jin of potassium sulfates, 800 jin of mu basal dressings, applying the degree of depth is 8-10 centimetre;Then adopt the specification of 5 × 8 cun of seeding row spacings, determine cave device with peanut, every cave Shuan Ren plants, and the degree of depth of the sowing of peanut is 5-6 centimetre,Broadcast rear compacting; If autumn and winter, rainwater was little, soil is very dry, needs to water to the root of red dragon fruit plant in time; In time to peanutPlant carries out weeding;
(7), rich water quality management: because the fruit harvesting phase is long, heavy dressing organic fertilizer, it is balanced long-term that nitrogenous, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer are wantedUse; The fertilising of red dragon fruit divides base manure and topdresses, annual basal dressing twice, the season of growing March before with to have adopted fruit October each afterwardsOnce, each every cave 20-25kg; " early, thin, the duty " principle of topdressing and follow, spring, young sprout germination period was given every red dragon fruit plantSpread fertilizer over the fields slightly fertile 2-3Kg, slightly fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following weight content: 30-40% fertilizer+45-50% inorganic fertilizer+0.5-1% corruptionGrow acid+0.5-1% citric acid+surplus plant ash, wherein N >=18%, P in inorganic fertilizer2O5≥9%、K2O >=18%; Fruit expanding period is givenEvery red dragon fruit plant is spread fertilizer over the fields Liquid Fertilizer 8-10Kg, and continuous three times, seven to ten days, interval, each and impose Liquid Fertilizer gross weightThe selenium fertilizer of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate+gross weight 0.5% of the borax+gross weight 0.3% of magnesium sulfate+gross weight 0.2% of 0.3%; The knot of bloomingAfter fruit fruit thinning, adopt the Foliar Spraying blade face of phosphorous potassium and fruit once; Red imperial fruits expanding stage and fruiting period keep soilEarth is moistening, and tree dish covers with grass, when weather arid, within 3-4 days, fills with a water;
(8), the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: red imperial fruit disease insect pest is less, and Seedling Stage is subject to snail and ant infestations, at root liming, andSpray insecticidal bactericide simultaneously; For other insect pest, in red dragon fruit orchard, Solar mosquito-killing lamp is installed; In hot and humid seasonThere is the necrosis of branch tissue part and mildew in joint, available insecticidal bactericide control;
(9), gather: red dragon fruit starts to yield positive results after planting for 12-14 month, can bloom 12-15 time every year, and the 4-11 month is for producingThe fruit phase, when thank spend after 30-40d, fruit is by the green look that reddens gradually, the micro-perfume (or spice) of fruit, when bright-coloured, just can gather red dragon really. FlowerBeing born in early August by the end of July gathers in the crops.
The described base manure of above-mentioned steps (3), (6) and (7) is made up of the raw material of following weight content: the 30-40% pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed+ 20-30% Chicken dung+10-15% cake fertilizer+surplus plant ash.
The described fertilizer of above-mentioned steps (7) is the pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, decomposed cow dung and tea seed cake.
The described fertile carefree modern agriculture of the Anhui selenium Science and Technology Ltd. that adopts of selenium of above-mentioned steps (7) produces, trade nameFor the product of " selenium fertilizer-fruit tailored version ".
The described Liquid Fertilizer of above-mentioned steps (7) is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: the mulberry leaf of 30 weight portions, 25 weightSugarcane top, the Banana Leaf of 20 weight portions, the chicken manure of 10 weight portions, the pig manure of 40 weight portions, the rape cake of 3 weight portions, 2 weights of partThe zymophyte of amount part and the water of 160 weight portions.
The described zymophyte of above-mentioned steps (7) is the bacterium of becoming thoroughly decomposed, bacillus licheniformis, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomyces and ferment bacterium, heavyAmount ratio is followed successively by 1:1:1:1:2.
The preparation method of the Liquid Fertilizer described in above-mentioned steps (7) is: first by the mulberry leaf of above-mentioned weight portion, sugarcane top, perfume (or spice)Any of several broadleaf plants leaf, chicken manure, pig manure, rape cake add in fermentation vat, are uniformly mixed, and then add the zymophyte of above-mentioned weight portion,Mix, finally add the water of above-mentioned weight portion, within sealing and fermenting 10-15 days, obtain Liquid Fertilizer.
The foliage fertilizer of the phosphorous potassium described in above-mentioned steps (7) is that every 100 kilograms of people and animals urine adds the biphosphate of 1-3 kilogramPotassium sealing and fermenting obtains for 5-10 days.
The described insecticidal bactericide of above-mentioned steps (8) is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: the cinnamon oil, 3 of 2 weight portionsThe eucalyptus oil of the terpinol of weight portion, the Baeckea frutescens oil of 5 weight portions, 8 weight portions, 25% carbendazol wettable powder of 110 weight portions600 times of liquid of pyrolkigneous liquid of 250 times of liquid and 80 weight portions.
The described solar deinsectization lamp of above-mentioned steps (8) is made up of lamp stand, solar panel and oil lamp.
Show high excellent of quality better, output by technique scheme " the match dragon No. 1 " of Karst Mountains Desertification Area plantationPoint is below the output of this kind and peanut:
Inventor, through the cultivation of 3 years, finds that " match dragon No. 1 " Performance of cultivar has gone out good growth characteristics, and overlapped in orchardCultivate peanut, also obtained higher output, illustrate under Karst Mountains Desertification Area condition, use this technology can complete red dragon fruit and flowerRaw plantation, has significantly improved local environment and economy benefit.
The red dragon fruit of getting embodiment 1 detects qualification through Guangxi food quality inspection institute and Beijing Disease Prevention and Control Centre, reachesArrive following technical indicator:
Claims (10)
1. the implantation methods of the red dragon fruit of Karst Mountains Desertification Area, is characterized in that: implantation methods comprises that selection of land, whole ground, field planting, shaping repairCut, field management, rich water quality management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, the step of gathering;
Described selection of land is: be chosen in convenient, sunny, the well-ventilated that supplies water, and the level land plantation that silt content is 50～70%,And soil pH value is neutrality or subacidity;
Described is wholely: adopt the tractor linkage spiral drill bit machinery powder ridge of burying, when the rotary tillage of powder ridge and according to every mu of 200-300Kg applies base manure;
Described field planting is: every mu of vertical concrete column 70 bars, and the specification of post is 25 × 25 centimetres, cement column length 1.8～2m, imbedsUnderground 30～50cm, 1.4～1.5m above ground level, garden disc carrier is put up with circular reinforcing bar in top; When field planting, 3-4 strain seedlingAround evenly equidistant plantation of concrete column; The farm manure fully becoming thoroughly decomposed with 1～2kg before plantation is mixed thoroughly with the soil of planting plant hole, plantationThe degree of depth at 3～4cm, after plantation with rope fixed the binding of seedling and concrete column, the field planting initial stage keeps near soil seedling to wetProfit;
Described pruning is: when branch grows to the pinching when long of 1.3-1.4 rice; Annual twice pruning, entered in spring and autumnRow is pruned, and mainly wipes out long fruitful branch, the branch of excessive growth, sick and weak branch, sick branch, upset branch, intersection branch, overstocked branch; Tied fruitBranch wiped out after harvesting every year;
Described field management is: by the end of April, to the first tenday period of a month in May, red dragon fruit orchard cover is cultivated peanut, before peanut seeding, and the whole ground of diggingMu is executed urea 10-15 jin, and mu is executed 50 jin of calcium superphosphate, and mu is executed 15 jin of potassium sulfates, 800 jin of mu basal dressings, and applying the degree of depth is 8-10Centimetre; Then adopt the specification of 5 × 8 cun of seeding row spacings, determine cave device with peanut, every cave Shuan Ren plants, and the degree of depth of the sowing of peanut is 5-6Centimetre, broadcast rear compacting; In time peanut plant is carried out to weeding;
Described rich water quality management is: before grow annual March in season and adopted October fruit afterwards to red dragon really the each basal dressing of plant once,Each every cave 20-25kg; Spring, young sprout germination period spread fertilizer over the fields slightly fertile 2-3Kg to every red dragon fruit plant, described slightly fertile by withThe raw material of lower weight content is made: 30-40% fertilizer+45-50% inorganic fertilizer+0.5-1% humic acid+0.5-1% citric acid+surplusPlant ash, wherein N >=18%, P in inorganic fertilizer2O5≥9%、K2O >=18%; Fruit expanding period spreads fertilizer over the fields liquid to every red dragon fruit plantFertile 8-10Kg, continuous three times, seven to ten days, interval, each and impose the magnesium sulfate+gross weight 0.2% of Liquid Fertilizer gross weight 0.3%The selenium fertilizer of potassium dihydrogen phosphate+gross weight 0.5% of borax+gross weight 0.3%; Yield positive results and fruit thinning after adopt the leaf of phosphorous potassiumLeaven sprays blade face and fruit once; Red imperial fruits expanding stage and fruiting period keep ground moistening, and tree dish covers with grass, weatherWhen arid, within 3-4 days, fill with a water;
The described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is: red imperial fruit disease insect pest is less, and Seedling Stage is subject to snail and ant infestations, executes stone at rootAsh, and spray insecticidal bactericide simultaneously; For other insect pest, in red dragon fruit orchard, Solar mosquito-killing lamp is installed; At high temperatureThere is the necrosis of branch tissue part and mildew season in high humidity, prevents and treats with insecticidal bactericide;
Described gather for: when thank spend after 30-40d, fruit is by the green look that reddens gradually, the micro-perfume (or spice) of fruit, when bright-coloured, just can adoptReceive red dragon fruit.
2. the implantation methods of the red dragon fruit of Karst Mountains Desertification Area according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described base manure by withThe raw material of lower weight content is made: 30-40% pig manure+20-30% Chicken dung+10-15% cake fertilizer+surplus plant ash that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
3. the implantation methods of the red dragon fruit of Karst Mountains Desertification Area according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described fertilizer isTwo or more in filter mud of sugar refinery, Chicken dung, the pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, decomposed cow dung, rape cake, soya-bean cake, tea seed cake.
4. the cultural method of Karst Mountains Desertification Area citrus fruit according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described selenium is fertile to be adoptedThe carefree modern agriculture of Anhui selenium Science and Technology Ltd. produces, the product of commodity " selenium fertilizer-fruit tailored version " by name.
5. the implantation methods of the red dragon fruit of Karst Mountains Desertification Area according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Liquid Fertilizer byThe raw material of following parts by weight is made: the perfume (or spice) of the mulberry leaf of 25-30 weight portion, the sugarcane top of 20-25 weight portion, 15-20 weight portionThe rape cake of the chicken manure of any of several broadleaf plants leaf, 5-10 weight portion, the pig manure of 30-40 weight portion, 1-3 weight portion, the zymophyte of 1-2 weight portion andThe water of 150-160 weight portion.
6. the implantation methods of the red dragon fruit of Karst Mountains Desertification Area according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described zymophyte isBecome thoroughly decomposed bacterium, bacillus licheniformis, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomyces and ferment bacterium, part by weight is followed successively by 1:1:1:1:2.
7. the implantation methods of the red dragon fruit of Karst Mountains Desertification Area according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Liquid FertilizerPreparation method is: first add the mulberry leaf of above-mentioned weight portion, sugarcane top, Banana Leaf, chicken manure, pig manure, rape cake to fermentation vatIn, be uniformly mixed, then add the zymophyte of above-mentioned weight portion, mix, finally add the water of above-mentioned weight portion, closeSeal ferment obtains Liquid Fertilizer for 10-15 days.
8. the implantation methods of the red dragon fruit of Karst Mountains Desertification Area according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described phosphorous potassiumFoliage fertilizer is that every 100 kilograms of people and animals urine adds the potassium dihydrogen phosphate sealing and fermenting of 1-3 kilogram to obtain for 5-10 days.
9. the implantation methods of the red dragon fruit of Karst Mountains Desertification Area according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described pesticide-germicideAgent is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: the hilllock of the cinnamon oil of 1-2 weight portion, the terpinol of 2-3 weight portion, 3-5 weight portionThe eucalyptus oil of pine tar, 6-8 weight portion, 250 times of liquid of 25% carbendazol wettable powder and the 50-80 weight portion of 100-110 weight portion600 times of liquid of pyrolkigneous liquid.
10. the implantation methods of the red dragon fruit of Karst Mountains Desertification Area according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described solar energyDeinsectization lamp is made up of lamp stand, solar panel and oil lamp.
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| CN106171415A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-12-07 | 广西平果圣森农业发展有限公司 | A kind of Hylocereus undatus cultural method |
| CN106171769A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-12-07 | 成都惠丰生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods improving erythrocyte growth model subtree yield |
| CN106613692A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-10 | 罗城仫佬族自治县明亿农业开发农民专业合作社 | Interplanting method capable of increasing yield of camellia oleifera fruit |
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| CN107396888A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-11-28 | 荔浦鸿博朝阳养殖场 | A kind of method of ecologically raising pigs |
| CN108112327A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-06-05 | 李桂芬 | A kind of implantation methods of ferment selenium-rich bergamot pear |
| CN108966782A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2018-12-11 | 广西田东泰如鲜品农副产品配送有限公司 | The fertilizer practice of dragon fruit |
| CN113133473A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-20 | 四川桐稷科技有限公司 | Compound solenopsis invicta killing agent without traditional pesticide |
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| CN105052668A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2015-11-18 | 广西最鲜农业科技有限公司 | Planting method for organic double-season grapes |
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| CN107371848A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-11-24 | 福建师范大学 | A kind of nitrogen water addition formula for improving Common zenia seedlings root nitrogen phosphorus nutrient content |
| CN107396888A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-11-28 | 荔浦鸿博朝阳养殖场 | A kind of method of ecologically raising pigs |
| CN108112327A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-06-05 | 李桂芬 | A kind of implantation methods of ferment selenium-rich bergamot pear |
| CN108966782A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2018-12-11 | 广西田东泰如鲜品农副产品配送有限公司 | The fertilizer practice of dragon fruit |
| CN113133473A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-20 | 四川桐稷科技有限公司 | Compound solenopsis invicta killing agent without traditional pesticide |
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