CN107624489A - A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich lichee - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich lichee Download PDFInfo
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- CN107624489A CN107624489A CN201711047909.2A CN201711047909A CN107624489A CN 107624489 A CN107624489 A CN 107624489A CN 201711047909 A CN201711047909 A CN 201711047909A CN 107624489 A CN107624489 A CN 107624489A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich lichee, is related to planting technology field, implantation methods of the invention comprise the following steps：(1) selection of planting site, (2) grafting, the pretreatment of (3) planting stock, (4) planting seedlings, (5) fertilising, (6) trimming branch, (7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；The reasonable cooperation that the present invention passes through fertilizer and implantation methods, so that the lichee of plantation has high-survival rate and Seedling height quality, in the growth course of lichee plant, with reference to the preventing and treating of pest and disease damage while fertilising, make plant healthy growth, its survival rate is high, and the insecticidal solution that the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control uses is made up of green safe raw material, insect can not only be efficiently killed, and without any harmful components, to soil non-hazardous；Further, since the rational application of fertilizer, makes to produce a large amount of born organic selenoprotein elements in lichee plant, reaches the purpose of production selenium-rich lichee, suitable for large-scale planting.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to planting technology field, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich lichee.
【Background technology】
Lichee is sweet, sour, warm-natured, enters the heart, spleen, Liver Channel；Hiccup can be stopped, only suffered from diarrhoea, be intractable hiccup and diarrhea before dawn person
Diet good food, while have cerebrum tonifying body-building, whet the appetite beneficial spleen, has the effect of to promote appetite.Because of property heat, more foods are easily got angry.Lichee wood
Material is solid, and texture is graceful, corrosion resistant, is always first-class name material.
Selenium is the essential trace elements of the human body, participates in a variety of selenoenzymes and Selenonic protein in synthesized human.Its Glutathione
Peptide peroxidase, is catalyzed hydroperoxides in vivo or MDA is changed into water or various alcohols, eliminates certainly
By attack of the base to biomembrane, protect biomembrane from oxidative damage.A large amount of clinical trials both at home and abroad are bright, and human body selenium deficiency can cause
The functional disturbance of some vitals, many serious diseases are caused to occur, more than 40, whole world country is in selenium deficiency area, China
Several hundred million populations in 22 provinces are sent out all in selenium deficiency or low selenium area, these regional population tumour, hepatopathy, angiocardiopathies etc.
Sick rate is very high.
In recent years, as the enhancing of people's health care consciousness and the lifting to the selenium degree of awareness, selenium-rich agricultural byproducts are wide
General receiving and approval, and formed it is a kind of pursue the upsurge of selenium-rich product, therefore work out it is a kind of be both rich in selenium element, and high yield
Lichee implantation methods have great importance.
【The content of the invention】
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich lichee, the present invention by fertilizer with
And the reasonable cooperation of implantation methods so that the lichee of plantation has high-survival rate and Seedling height quality, in the growth of lichee plant
During, with reference to the preventing and treating of pest and disease damage while fertilising, make plant healthy growth, its survival rate is high, and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control uses
Insecticidal solution be made up of green safe raw material, insect can not only be efficiently killed, and without any harmful components, to soil without danger
Evil；Further, since the rational application of fertilizer, makes to produce a large amount of born organic selenoprotein elements in lichee plant, reaches production selenium-rich litchi
The purpose of branch.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, present invention employs following technical scheme：
A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich lichee, the implantation methods comprise the following steps：
(1) selection of planting site：The soil is porous for selection, moistens and well-drained tailo or half light hillside fields section building well, will
Plant ash, which is sprinkled into, needs on smooth soil and carries out soil deep tillage；Plot ridging after ploughing deeply, by the prepartion of land on ridge
Soil is turned over carefully again afterwards；Plot plough deeply in 1-2 months before planting plough after addition soil conditioner soil pH value is adjusted
For 5-6；It is that 0.7-0.9 × 0.6-0.8m digs planting pit according to width × depth, planting pit line-spacing is 4.0-4.5m, two planting pit spacing
For 3-3.5m, and apply substrate fertilizer in planting pit；
(2) grafting：2 years disease-free lichee seedlings of life of selection make stock, and collection lichee scion is grafted onto on stock, obtained
To planting stock；
(3) planting stock pre-processes：Planting stock is carried out using root-growing agent to be stained with root processing, selected planting stock entered with root-growing agent
Row is stained with before root processing, is first diluted root-growing agent with water, wherein, the mass ratio of water and root-growing agent is 30-80:1；The life
Root agent is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：ABT root-inducing powder 3-5 parts, indolebutyric acid 5-10 parts, sodium humate 6-12 parts, more bacterium
Clever 3-5 parts, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate 1-3 parts and Isomaltotriose 3-5 parts；
(4) planting seedlings：7-9h first carries out pouring liquid dung wetting to planting pit before field planting, then will pass through step (3) and handle
Planting stock afterwards is put into planting pit, is then filled with Nutrition Soil；The Nutrition Soil is by soil, plant ash and rice bran according to matter
It is 3-5 to measure ratio:1-2:2-3:0.5-1.5 is mixed to prepare, and the Nutrition Soil is by the frying in frying pan after raw material is mixed, then
Liquid dung is spooned so that Nutrition Soil humidity obtains after being 60-70%；
(5) apply fertilizer：12-16 days lichee planting seedlings carry out first time fertilising after field planting after one month, and the later stage is according to lichee
Nursery stock feature carries out top dressing, and fertilizing type is as follows：I promotees fertilizers for potted flowers：Flower spike shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally a little sprout after to before first flower with coordinating fertilizer A to carry out
Fertilising；II thanks to fertilizers for potted flowers：Female blossom fall is applied fertilizer after spending with cooperation fertilizer B；III fruit-promoting fertilizers：Used before second of physiological fallen fruit
Fertilizer C is coordinated to be applied fertilizer；IV fruit pickings fertilizer：Applied fertilizer in fruit picking first half of the month using cooperation fertilizer D；Fertilization mode is：With
Every lichee nursery stock is the center of circle, and radius is to be applied fertilizer in 75-85cm, and 15-20 days after fertilising, which coordinate, sprays foliar fertilizer progress
Foliage top dressing；Fertilizer used in the first time fertilising is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Biogas residue 15-20 parts, urea 15-20
Part, donkey bone meal 5-10 parts, sweet potato stalk 6-12 parts, sodium selenite 10-16 parts, liver powder 6-9 parts, tea bran 4-9 parts, watermelon seeds 5-
10 parts and farm manure 9-15 parts.
In the present invention, further, in addition to the step of trimming branch, it is specific as follows：Young age tree-pruning based on sparse branching,
Dredge and remove overlapping, intersection branch, expand tree crown, 2-3 determines trunk in ground 1.2-1.4m after plant；The annual beta pruning 3- of bearing tree
4 times, the trimming of flower spike phase first time, subtract disease fringe, shady branch and shelves branch；Trimmed for the second time in fruit picking, cut off disease branch, deadwood and shade
Branch；Third time is trimmed in the winter time, cuts off shady branch, deadwood and sick branch.
In the present invention, further, in addition to the step of prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, it is specific as follows：Since being colonized day, every 1-
The 2 weeks rhizomes or blade to lichee plant spray bactericidal liquid, and in orchard, 1 electronic moth-killing lamp trapping evil is hung per 10-15 mus
Worm；The bactericidal liquid is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Rheum officinale 6-12 parts, garlic 5-10 parts, Chinese bulbul 4-9 parts, Java brucea
4-9 parts, big folium eucalypti 4-9 parts and fritillaria 3-8 parts.
In the present invention, further, the substrate fertilizer in the step (1) is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Dung polluted water
Just 30-40 parts, fermented stalk 15-25 parts, Chinese medicine remain slag 5-10 parts and powdered rice hulls 6-12 parts.
In the present invention, further, the cooperation fertilizer A in the step (5) is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Urea
15-20 parts, compost 12-22 parts, potassium oxide 1-5 parts, boric acid 1-5 parts and sodium selenite 6-12 parts.
In the present invention, further, the cooperation fertilizer B in the step (5) is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Starch
Slag 25-30 parts, bran chaff 10-15 parts, calcium superphosphate 5-12 parts, barnyard manure 6-18 parts, selenium mineral powder 5-10 parts and edible fungi residue 3-5
Part；Its preparation method is that stack retting is made after 3-6 days by being well mixed after above-mentioned raw materials are crushed by powder beater.
In the present invention, further, the cooperation fertilizer C in the step (5) is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Biogas residue
12-25 parts, donkey bone meal 5-12 parts, turf 3-9 parts, Se-enriched yeast 10-15 parts, bamboo shoot skins 3-8 parts and bagasse 6-12 parts.
In the present invention, further, the cooperation fertilizer D in the step (5) is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Biogas residue
12-25 parts, cattle and sheep excrement 5-12 parts, vinegar groove 3-9 parts, sodium selenite 10-15 parts, manioc waste 5-10 parts, borax 2-4 parts and tea seed cake 4-
8 parts.
In summary, by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The reasonable cooperation that the present invention passes through fertilizer and implantation methods so that the lichee of plantation has high-survival rate and Gao Sheng
Long quality, in the growth course of lichee plant, with reference to the preventing and treating of pest and disease damage while fertilising, make plant healthy growth, its into
Motility rate is high, and the insecticidal solution that the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control uses is made up of green safe raw material, can not only efficiently kill insect, and nothing is appointed
What harmful components, to soil non-hazardous；Further, since the rational application of fertilizer, makes to produce a large amount of born Organic Selenium eggs in lichee plant
Bai Yuansu, reach the purpose of production selenium-rich lichee, suitable for large-scale planting.
【Embodiment】
The following examples can help those skilled in the art that the present invention is more fully understood, but cannot be with any
Mode limits the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods for selenium-rich lichee that the present embodiment is provided comprise the following steps：
(1) selection of planting site：The soil is porous for selection, moistens and well-drained tailo or half light hillside fields section building well, will
Plant ash, which is sprinkled into, needs on smooth soil and carries out soil deep tillage；Plot ridging after ploughing deeply, by the prepartion of land on ridge
Soil is turned over carefully again afterwards；Plot plough deeply in 1 month before planting plough after addition soil conditioner soil pH value is adjusted to
5；It is that 0.7 × 0.6m digs planting pit according to width × depth, planting pit line-spacing is 4.0m, and two planting pit spacing are 3m, and in planting pit
Middle application substrate fertilizer；Wherein, substrate fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：30 parts of human and animal excreta, 15 parts of fermented stalk, Chinese medicine
Remain 6 parts of 5 parts of slag and powdered rice hulls；
(2) grafting：2 years disease-free lichee seedlings of life of selection make stock, and collection lichee scion is grafted onto on stock, obtained
To planting stock；
(3) planting stock pre-processes：Planting stock is carried out using root-growing agent to be stained with root processing, selected planting stock entered with root-growing agent
Row is stained with before root processing, is first diluted root-growing agent with water, wherein, the mass ratio of water and root-growing agent is 30:1；
The root-growing agent is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：3 parts of ABT root-inducing powders, 5 parts of indolebutyric acid, sodium humate 6
Part, 3 parts of carbendazim, 1 part of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and 3 parts of Isomaltotriose；
(4) planting seedlings：7h first carries out pouring liquid dung wetting to planting pit before field planting, then will be after step (3) processing
Planting stock be put into planting pit, then filled with Nutrition Soil；The Nutrition Soil is by soil, plant ash and rice bran according to quality
Than for 3:1:2:0.5 is mixed to prepare, and the Nutrition Soil is then spooned liquid dung and caused by the frying in frying pan after raw material is mixed
Nutrition Soil humidity obtains after being 60%；
(5) apply fertilizer：12 days lichee planting seedlings carry out first time fertilising after field planting after one month, and the later stage is according to lichee nursery stock
Feature carries out top dressing, and fertilizing type is as follows：I promotees fertilizers for potted flowers：Flower spike shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally a little sprout after to before first flower with coordinating fertilizer A to be applied
Fertilizer；II thanks to fertilizers for potted flowers：Female blossom fall is applied fertilizer after spending with cooperation fertilizer B；III fruit-promoting fertilizers：Use and match somebody with somebody before second of physiological fallen fruit
Hefei material C is applied fertilizer；IV fruit pickings fertilizer：Applied fertilizer in fruit picking first half of the month using cooperation fertilizer D；Fertilization mode is：With every
Lichee nursery stock is the center of circle, and radius is to be applied fertilizer in 75cm, and 15 after fertilising day, which coordinate, to be sprayed foliar fertilizer and carry out foliage top dressing；
Wherein, fertilizer used in fertilising is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight for the first time：It is 15 parts of biogas residue, 15 parts of urea, 5 parts of donkey bone meal, red
9 parts of 6 parts of potato stalk, 10 parts of sodium selenite, 6 parts of liver powder, 4 parts of tea bran, 5 parts of watermelon seeds and farm manure；Coordinate fertilizer A by following
The raw material composition of parts by weight：6 parts of 15 parts of urea, 12 parts of compost, 1 part of potassium oxide, 1 part of boric acid and sodium selenite；Coordinate fertilizer B by
The raw material composition of following parts by weight：25 parts of fecula, 10 parts of bran chaff, 5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 6 parts of barnyard manure, 5 parts of selenium mineral powder and edible
3 parts of bacterium bacteria residue；Its preparation method is that stack retting is made after 3 days by being well mixed after above-mentioned raw materials are crushed by powder beater；Match somebody with somebody
Hefei material C is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：12 parts of biogas residue, 5 parts of donkey bone meal, 3 parts of turf, 10 parts of Se-enriched yeast, bamboo shoot skins 3
6 parts of part and bagasse；Fertilizer D is coordinated to be made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：12 parts of biogas residue, 5 parts of cattle and sheep excrement, 3 parts of vinegar groove, sub- selenium
4 parts of sour 10 parts of sodium, 5 parts of manioc waste, 2 parts of borax and tea seed cake；
(6) branch is trimmed：Young age tree-pruning is dredged based on sparse branching and removes overlapping, intersection branch, expanded tree crown, the 2nd after plant
Year determines trunk in ground 1.2m；The annual beta pruning of bearing tree 3 times, flower spike phase first time trimming, subtracts disease fringe, shady branch and shelves branch；The
It is secondary to be trimmed in fruit picking, cut off disease branch, deadwood and shady branch；Third time is trimmed in the winter time, cuts off shady branch, deadwood and sick branch；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Since being colonized day, bactericidal liquid is sprayed every the 1 week rhizome or blade to lichee plant, and
In orchard, 1 electronic moth-killing lamp insect-killing trapping of every 10 mu of extensions；The bactericidal liquid is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Rheum officinale 6
3 parts of part, 5 parts of garlic, 4 parts of the Chinese bulbul, 4 parts of Java brucea, 4 parts of big folium eucalypti and fritillaria.
Embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods for selenium-rich lichee that the present embodiment is provided comprise the following steps：
(1) selection of planting site：The soil is porous for selection, moistens and well-drained tailo or half light hillside fields section building well, will
Plant ash, which is sprinkled into, needs on smooth soil and carries out soil deep tillage；Plot ridging after ploughing deeply, by the prepartion of land on ridge
Soil is turned over carefully again afterwards；Plot plough deeply in 2 months before planting plough after addition soil conditioner soil pH value is adjusted to
5.5；It is that 0.8 × 0.7m digs planting pit according to width × depth, planting pit line-spacing is 4.2m, and two planting pit spacing are 3.2m, and fixed
Apply substrate fertilizer in plant hole；Wherein, substrate fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：35 parts of human and animal excreta, 20 parts of fermented stalk,
Chinese medicine remains 9 parts of 7 parts of slag and powdered rice hulls；
(2) grafting：2 years disease-free lichee seedlings of life of selection make stock, and collection lichee scion is grafted onto on stock, obtained
To planting stock；
(3) planting stock pre-processes：Planting stock is carried out using root-growing agent to be stained with root processing, selected planting stock entered with root-growing agent
Row is stained with before root processing, is first diluted root-growing agent with water, wherein, the mass ratio of water and root-growing agent is 55:1；Wherein, take root
Agent is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：4 parts of ABT root-inducing powders, 7 parts of indolebutyric acid, 9 parts of sodium humate, 4 parts of carbendazim, to hydroxyl
4 parts of 2 parts of yl benzoic acid methyl esters and Isomaltotriose；
(4) planting seedlings：8h first carries out pouring liquid dung wetting to planting pit before field planting, then will be after step (3) processing
Planting stock be put into planting pit, then filled with Nutrition Soil；The Nutrition Soil is by soil, plant ash and rice bran according to quality
Than for 4:1:3:1 is mixed to prepare, and the Nutrition Soil then spoons liquid dung so that seeking by the frying in frying pan after raw material is mixed
Support after native humidity is 65% and obtain；
(5) apply fertilizer：14 days lichee planting seedlings carry out first time fertilising after field planting after one month, and the later stage is according to lichee nursery stock
Feature carries out top dressing, and fertilizing type is as follows：I promotees fertilizers for potted flowers：Flower spike shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally a little sprout after to before first flower with coordinating fertilizer A to be applied
Fertilizer；II thanks to fertilizers for potted flowers：Female blossom fall is applied fertilizer after spending with cooperation fertilizer B；III fruit-promoting fertilizers：Use and match somebody with somebody before second of physiological fallen fruit
Hefei material C is applied fertilizer；IV fruit pickings fertilizer：Applied fertilizer in fruit picking first half of the month using cooperation fertilizer D；Fertilization mode is：With every
Lichee nursery stock is the center of circle, and radius is to be applied fertilizer in 80cm, and 17 after fertilising day, which coordinate, to be sprayed foliar fertilizer and carry out foliage top dressing；
Wherein, fertilizer used in fertilising is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight for the first time：It is 17 parts of biogas residue, 17 parts of urea, 7 parts of donkey bone meal, red
12 parts of 9 parts of potato stalk, 13 parts of sodium selenite, 7 parts of liver powder, 6 parts of tea bran, 7 parts of watermelon seeds and farm manure；Coordinate fertilizer A by with
The raw material composition of lower parts by weight：9 parts of 17 parts of urea, 17 parts of compost, 3 parts of potassium oxide, 3 parts of boric acid and sodium selenite；Coordinate fertilizer B
It is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：27 parts of fecula, 12 parts of bran chaff, 9 parts of calcium superphosphate, 12 parts of barnyard manure, 7 parts of selenium mineral powder and food
With 4 parts of bacterium bacteria residue；Its preparation method is that stack retting is made after 5 days by being well mixed after above-mentioned raw materials are crushed by powder beater；
Fertilizer C is coordinated to be made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：18 parts of biogas residue, 8 parts of donkey bone meal, 6 parts of turf, 12 parts of Se-enriched yeast, bamboo shoots
9 parts of 6 parts of skin and bagasse；Fertilizer D is coordinated to be made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：18 parts of biogas residue, 9 parts of cattle and sheep excrement, 6 parts of vinegar groove,
6 parts of 12 parts of sodium selenite, 7 parts of manioc waste, 3 parts of borax and tea seed cake；
(6) branch is trimmed：Young age tree-pruning is dredged based on sparse branching and removes overlapping, intersection branch, expanded tree crown, the 2nd after plant
Year determines trunk in ground 1.3m；The annual beta pruning of bearing tree 3 times, flower spike phase first time trimming, subtracts disease fringe, shady branch and shelves branch；The
It is secondary to be trimmed in fruit picking, cut off disease branch, deadwood and shady branch；Third time is trimmed in the winter time, cuts off shady branch, deadwood and sick branch；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Since being colonized day, bactericidal liquid is sprayed every the 1 week rhizome or blade to lichee plant, and
In orchard, 1 electronic moth-killing lamp insect-killing trapping of every 12 mu of extensions；The bactericidal liquid is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Rheum officinale 9
6 parts of part, 7 parts of garlic, 7 parts of the Chinese bulbul, 7 parts of Java brucea, 6 parts of big folium eucalypti and fritillaria.
Embodiment 3
A kind of implantation methods for selenium-rich lichee that the present embodiment is provided comprise the following steps：
(1) selection of planting site：The soil is porous for selection, moistens and well-drained tailo or half light hillside fields section building well, will
Plant ash, which is sprinkled into, needs on smooth soil and carries out soil deep tillage；Plot ridging after ploughing deeply, by the prepartion of land on ridge
Soil is turned over carefully again afterwards；Plot plough deeply in 2 months before planting plough after addition soil conditioner soil pH value is adjusted to
6；It is that 0.9 × 0.8m digs planting pit according to width × depth, planting pit line-spacing is 4.5m, and two planting pit spacing are 3.5m, and are being colonized
Apply substrate fertilizer in cave；Wherein, substrate fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：40 parts of human and animal excreta, 25 parts of fermented stalk, in
Medicine remains 12 parts of 10 parts of slag and powdered rice hulls；
(2) grafting：2 years disease-free lichee seedlings of life of selection make stock, and collection lichee scion is grafted onto on stock, obtained
To planting stock；
(3) planting stock pre-processes：Planting stock is carried out using root-growing agent to be stained with root processing, selected planting stock entered with root-growing agent
Row is stained with before root processing, is first diluted root-growing agent with water, wherein, the mass ratio of water and root-growing agent is 80:1；Wherein, take root
Agent is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：It is 5 parts of ABT root-inducing powders, 10 parts of indolebutyric acid, 12 parts of sodium humate, 5 parts of carbendazim, right
5 parts of 3 parts of methyl hydroxybenzoate and Isomaltotriose；
(4) planting seedlings：9h first carries out pouring liquid dung wetting to planting pit before field planting, then will be after step (3) processing
Planting stock be put into planting pit, then filled with Nutrition Soil；The Nutrition Soil is by soil, plant ash and rice bran according to quality
Than for 5:2:3:1.5 are mixed to prepare, and the Nutrition Soil is then spooned liquid dung and caused by the frying in frying pan after raw material is mixed
Nutrition Soil humidity obtains after being 70%；
(5) apply fertilizer：16 days lichee planting seedlings carry out first time fertilising after field planting after one month, and the later stage is according to lichee nursery stock
Feature carries out top dressing, and fertilizing type is as follows：I promotees fertilizers for potted flowers：Flower spike shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally a little sprout after to before first flower with coordinating fertilizer A to be applied
Fertilizer；II thanks to fertilizers for potted flowers：Female blossom fall is applied fertilizer after spending with cooperation fertilizer B；III fruit-promoting fertilizers：Use and match somebody with somebody before second of physiological fallen fruit
Hefei material C is applied fertilizer；IV fruit pickings fertilizer：Applied fertilizer in fruit picking first half of the month using cooperation fertilizer D；Fertilization mode is：With every
Lichee nursery stock is the center of circle, and radius is to be applied fertilizer in 75cm, and 20 after fertilising day, which coordinate, to be sprayed foliar fertilizer and carry out foliage top dressing；
Wherein, fertilizer used in fertilising is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight for the first time：It is 20 parts of biogas residue, 20 parts of urea, 5 parts of donkey bone meal, red
9 parts of 12 parts of potato stalk, 16 parts of sodium selenite, 9 parts of liver powder, 9 parts of tea bran, 5 parts of watermelon seeds and farm manure；Coordinate fertilizer A by with
The raw material composition of lower parts by weight：12 parts of 20 parts of urea, 12 parts of compost, 1 part of potassium oxide, 1 part of boric acid and sodium selenite；Coordinate fertilizer
B is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：30 parts of fecula, 15 parts of bran chaff, 12 parts of calcium superphosphate, 18 parts of barnyard manure, 10 parts of selenium mineral powder
With 5 parts of edible fungi residue；Its preparation method is that stack retting is after 6 days by being well mixed after above-mentioned raw materials are crushed by powder beater
It is made；Fertilizer C is coordinated to be made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：25 parts of biogas residue, 12 parts of donkey bone meal, 9 parts of turf, Se-enriched yeast 15
12 parts of part, 8 parts of bamboo shoot skins and bagasse；Fertilizer D is coordinated to be made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：25 parts of biogas residue, 12 parts of cattle and sheep excrement,
8 parts of 9 parts of vinegar groove, 15 parts of sodium selenite, 10 parts of manioc waste, 4 parts of borax and tea seed cake；
(6) branch is trimmed：Young age tree-pruning is dredged based on sparse branching and removes overlapping, intersection branch, expanded tree crown, the 3rd after plant
Year determines trunk in ground 1.4m；The annual beta pruning of bearing tree 4 times, flower spike phase first time trimming, subtracts disease fringe, shady branch and shelves branch；The
It is secondary to be trimmed in fruit picking, cut off disease branch, deadwood and shady branch；Third time is trimmed in the winter time, cuts off shady branch, deadwood and sick branch；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Since being colonized day, bactericidal liquid is sprayed every the 2 weeks rhizomes or blade to lichee plant, and
In orchard, 1 electronic moth-killing lamp insect-killing trapping of every 15 mu of extensions；The bactericidal liquid is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Rheum officinale
8 parts of 12 parts, 10 parts of garlic, 9 parts of the Chinese bulbul, 9 parts of Java brucea, 9 parts of big folium eucalypti and fritillaria.
Compliance test result
In order to further illustrate the practical value of implantation methods of the present invention, contrast test is done：Plant 400 healthy shapes
Condition identical lichee sapling, stochastic averagina are divided into four groups, i.e. embodiment 1,2 groups of embodiment, 3 groups of embodiment and control group, wherein,
Embodiment 1-3 groups are planted according to the implantation methods of the embodiment 1-3 in the present invention respectively, and control group is according to biography
The implantation methods plantation of system.After first time harvests, record such as following table situations such as upgrowth situation to lichee, yield：
The lichee of table 1 plants quality versus's table
As it can be seen from table 1 relatively use the embodiment of the present invention with general planting method come the seedling percent for the lichee planted
1-3 implantation methods plantation lichee seedling percent it is low, and with implantation methods of the present invention plantation lichee, its illness rate compared with
Traditional cultivation method is few；In addition, after using implantation methods of the present invention, without discovery harmful components, its yield and quality in soil
Also it is higher than the lichee planted with conventional method.
Therefore, test result indicates that, lichee is planted using the method for the present invention so that the survival rate of lichee seedling is high, plants
The illness rate of strain is low, moreover it is possible to improve the yield and quality of lichee, and the implantation methods of the present invention and pollution-free to soil.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments,
On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, these modifications or improvements, belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich lichee, it is characterised in that the implantation methods comprise the following steps：
(1) selection of planting site：The soil is porous for selection, moistens and well-drained tailo or half light hillside fields section building well, by vegetation
Ash, which is sprinkled into, needs on smooth soil and carries out soil deep tillage；Plot ridging after ploughing deeply, by after the prepartion of land on ridge again
Soil is turned over carefully；Plot plough deeply in 1-2 months before planting plough after addition soil conditioner soil pH value is adjusted to 5-
6；It is that 0.7-0.9 × 0.6-0.8m digs planting pit according to width × depth, planting pit line-spacing is 4.0-4.5m, and two planting pit spacing are 3-
3.5m, and apply substrate fertilizer in planting pit；
(2) grafting：2 years disease-free lichee seedlings of life of selection make stock, and collection lichee scion is grafted onto on stock, determined
Plant seedlings；
(3) planting stock pre-processes：Planting stock is carried out using root-growing agent to be stained with root processing, selected planting stock is stained with root-growing agent
Before root processing, first root-growing agent is diluted with water, wherein, the mass ratio of water and root-growing agent is 30-80:1；
The root-growing agent is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：ABT root-inducing powder 3-5 parts, indolebutyric acid 5-10 parts, sodium humate 6-
12 parts, carbendazim 3-5 parts, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate 1-3 parts and Isomaltotriose 3-5 parts；
(4) planting seedlings：7-9h first carries out pouring liquid dung wetting to planting pit before field planting, then will be after step (3) processing
Planting stock is put into planting pit, is then filled with Nutrition Soil；The Nutrition Soil is by soil, plant ash and rice bran according to mass ratio
For 3-5:1-2:2-3:0.5-1.5 is mixed to prepare, and the Nutrition Soil is then spooned by the frying in frying pan after raw material is mixed
Liquid dung obtains after causing Nutrition Soil humidity to be 60-70%；
(5) apply fertilizer：12-16 days lichee planting seedlings carry out first time fertilising after field planting after one month, and the later stage is according to lichee nursery stock
Feature carries out top dressing, and fertilizing type is as follows：I promotees fertilizers for potted flowers：Flower spike shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally a little sprout after to before first flower with coordinating fertilizer A to be applied
Fertilizer；II thanks to fertilizers for potted flowers：Female blossom fall is applied fertilizer after spending with cooperation fertilizer B；III fruit-promoting fertilizers：Use and match somebody with somebody before second of physiological fallen fruit
Hefei material C is applied fertilizer；IV fruit pickings fertilizer：Applied fertilizer in fruit picking first half of the month using cooperation fertilizer D；Fertilization mode is：With every
Lichee nursery stock is the center of circle, and radius is to be applied fertilizer in 75-85cm, and 15-20 days after fertilising, which coordinate, to be sprayed foliar fertilizer and carry out root
Outer top dressing；
Fertilizer used in the first time fertilising is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Biogas residue 15-20 parts, urea 15-20 parts, donkey bone
Powder 5-10 parts, sweet potato stalk 6-12 parts, sodium selenite 10-16 parts, liver powder 6-9 parts, tea bran 4-9 parts, watermelon seeds 5-10 parts and
Farm manure 9-15 parts.
2. the implantation methods of a kind of selenium-rich lichee according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include the step of trimming branch
Suddenly, it is specific as follows：Young age tree-pruning is dredged based on sparse branching and removes overlapping, intersection branch, expanded tree crown, 2-3 is in ground after plant
Face 1.2-1.4m determines trunk；Bearing tree annual beta pruning 3-4 times, flower spike phase first time trimming, subtracts disease fringe, shady branch and shelves branch；The
It is secondary to be trimmed in fruit picking, cut off disease branch, deadwood and shady branch；Third time is trimmed in the winter time, cuts off shady branch, deadwood and sick branch.
3. the implantation methods of a kind of selenium-rich lichee according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Step, it is specific as follows：Since being colonized day, bactericidal liquid is sprayed every the 1-2 weeks rhizome or blade to lichee plant, and in orchard
In, hang 1 electronic moth-killing lamp insect-killing trapping per 10-15 mus；The bactericidal liquid is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Rheum officinale 6-12
Part, garlic 5-10 parts, Chinese bulbul 4-9 parts, Java brucea 4-9 parts, big folium eucalypti 4-9 parts and fritillaria 3-8 parts.
A kind of 4. implantation methods of selenium-rich lichee according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the base in the step (1)
Base fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Human and animal excreta 30-40 parts, fermented stalk 15-25 parts, Chinese medicine remain slag 5-10 parts and rice
Shell powder 6-12 parts.
A kind of 5. implantation methods of selenium-rich lichee according to claim 1, it is characterised in that matching somebody with somebody in the step (5)
Hefei material A is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Urea 15-20 parts, compost 12-22 parts, potassium oxide 1-5 parts, boric acid 1-5 parts and
Sodium selenite 6-12 parts.
A kind of 6. preparation method of the implantation methods of selenium-rich lichee according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step
(5) the cooperation fertilizer B in is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Fecula 25-30 parts, bran chaff 10-15 parts, calcium superphosphate 5-12
Part, barnyard manure 6-18 parts, selenium mineral powder 5-10 parts and edible fungi residue 3-5 parts；Its preparation method be by by above-mentioned raw materials by beating
Powder machine is well mixed after crushing, and stack retting is made after 3-6 days.
A kind of 7. preparation method of the implantation methods of selenium-rich lichee according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step
(5) the cooperation fertilizer C in is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Biogas residue 12-25 parts, donkey bone meal 5-12 parts, turf 3-9 parts, richness
Selenium yeast 10-15 parts, bamboo shoot skins 3-8 parts and bagasse 6-12 parts.
A kind of 8. preparation method of the implantation methods of selenium-rich lichee according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step
(5) the cooperation fertilizer D in is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Biogas residue 12-25 parts, cattle and sheep excrement 5-12 parts, vinegar groove 3-9 parts, Asia
Sodium selenate 10-15 parts, manioc waste 5-10 parts, borax 2-4 parts and tea seed cake 4-8 parts.
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| CN108293568A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-07-20 | 荔浦县万家兴果蔬专业合作社 | A kind of high-yield planting method of ponkan fertilizer and ponkan |
| CN109006344A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-12-18 | 博白县百家水果专业合作社 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of selenium-rich blood orange |
| CN109089684A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-12-28 | 广西陆川县兰辉农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of lichee |
| CN109089695A (en) * | 2018-08-05 | 2018-12-28 | 贵港市德源贸易有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of high yield lichee |
| CN109105172A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2019-01-01 | 凌云县九燕山特色生态种植农民专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of pyracantha fortuneana fruit |
| CN109496707A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-22 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院生物技术研究所 | A kind of cultural method of selenium-enriched officinal dendrobium stem |
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| CN108293568A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-07-20 | 荔浦县万家兴果蔬专业合作社 | A kind of high-yield planting method of ponkan fertilizer and ponkan |
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| CN109089695A (en) * | 2018-08-05 | 2018-12-28 | 贵港市德源贸易有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of high yield lichee |
| CN109496707A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-22 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院生物技术研究所 | A kind of cultural method of selenium-enriched officinal dendrobium stem |
| CN109496707B (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2021-06-04 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院生物技术研究所 | Cultivation method of selenium-rich dendrobium officinale |
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