CN107155767A - A kind of highlands apple high-yield planting method - Google Patents
A kind of highlands apple high-yield planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107155767A CN107155767A CN201710367983.6A CN201710367983A CN107155767A CN 107155767 A CN107155767 A CN 107155767A CN 201710367983 A CN201710367983 A CN 201710367983A CN 107155767 A CN107155767 A CN 107155767A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of highlands apple high-yield planting method, including selection of land, site preparation, select seedling, field planting, orchard management；Rational distribution apple tree planting density, the growing environment to apple tree of science is managed, it is ensured that the healthy growth of apple tree, improves the fruiting rate of apple tree, and then improves the yield of apple, improves the income of planting household.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting fruit trees technical field, more particularly to a kind of highlands apple high-yield planting method.
Background technology
Yunnan is located at the west and south of China, is cloud at the part in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, position on Chinese physical features second level ladder
The height above sea level of southern most area is at 2000 meters or so, and some mountain regions can be higher than 3000 meters, and this area's dry and wet season is clearly demarcated, temperature difference per day
It is larger, the apple of plantation has sweetie, it is with rich flavor the characteristics of.
The apple mouthfeel of current Yunnan Province plantation is fine, but yield is not but high, increases with the demand of people, just
Need constantly to expand planting scale, but the continuous expansion of planting scale, it is necessary to very big cost is put into, planting household needs
Long period can just recoup capital outlay cost, be unfavorable for the development of application industry.
Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of highlands apple high-yield planting method be designed, to solve the above problems.
The content of the invention
A kind of highlands apple high-yield planting method proposed by the present invention, improves the yield of apple, improves plantation
The fund income at family.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is using the basic ideas of technical scheme：A kind of highlands apple
High-yield planting method, comprises the following steps：
1), selection of land：Height above sea level is selected at 1600-2200 meter, it is leeward face south, the deep loam block or sand soil of soil layer；
2), site preparation：Deep ploughing 60cm is carried out to the soil chosen, while applying the farmers' become thoroughly decomposed according to every mu of 4000-5000kg
Fertilizer, then flattens soil, digs fish scale ditch, the long 80-130cm in fish-scale pit, wide 70-90cm, deep 50-60cm, the high 25- of the outside low bank of earth between fields
30cm, wide 25-30cm, the distance between adjacent fish-scale pit are 1.2-1.5m；
3) seedling, is selected：Selection height is in 60-80cm, the thick 3-5cm of stem, well developed root system, and fibrous root is more and the not healthy and strong apple of pest and disease damage
Fruit tree seedlings；
4), it is colonized：3-4 days before field planting, fish scale is poured water in cave, and the apple sapling chosen uses 500 times of carbendazim solutions
20-24h is soaked, the root of apple sapling is wrapped up during definite value with the mud containing root-inducing powder, apple sapling is then embedded in fish scale cave
It is interior, then pour permeable；
5), orchard management：
A, look into work fill the gaps with seedlings：The apple sapling being newly colonized, during germination lamina, check apple sapling survives situation,
The apple sapling that can not germinate is mended after removing and plants apple sapling；
B, water and fertilizer management：New to plant treelet in more than young sprout pumping 10cm, every plant is applied purity nitrogen 100-200g, and combination is poured
Water, is incremented by by annual 200g amount later；Bearing-age tree is before rudiment, after fallen flowers, young fruit expanding stage respectively topdresses once, and every mu of ground is applied
The double micro- fertilizer of 50kg urea, 20kg, phosphate fertilizer 5kg and potash fertilizer 3kg；Poured respectively in budding period, flower early stage, growth of young phase and Wintering Period
Water once, notes amount of rainfall, and irrigation amount is maximum water holding capacity in 70-80%；
C, trimming：It is divided into overall trimming and florescence complex shears,
Overall trimming：Fruit tree is integrally trimmed to spinning taper, disease branch, weak branch is cut off, height of tree 2.5-3m, crown diameter 2.5-3m,
Surrounding retains 15-18 side life branch；
Florescence complex shears：The spray of weak branch, overstocked spray and undergrowth is subtracted, long a string of flowers branch is cut in contracting；
D, flower and fruit thinning：
Flower thinning：Intensive flower is extractd, the flower of reservation is evenly distributed；
Vegetables and fruits：Plant First Year and extract whole young fruits, cultivate tree crown, Second Year dredges the young fruit for removing 60-70%, makes fruit tree whole
Body growth balance, starts to remove disease, worm, small, malformed fruit during fruit thinning on the 3rd year, and removes intensive fruit, makes fruit interval 15-25cm；
E, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
Defoliation：Alternately preventing and treating is sprayed using 50% carbendazim and 50% plain 1500-2000 times of liquid of glycolylurea；
Red spider：Before spending and thank and spend 1000 times of liquid of each spray 0.5 degree of lime sulfur of Baume or 20% dicofol once, sprout
5% heavy diesel fuel emulsion ovicidal is sprayed before bud；
Olethreutid：Closed using the 200-250 times of fluid-tight of 50% metrifonate and cut saw kerf, spray 50% DDVP, 1000 times of liquid,
Rest period strikes off bark from old tress and burnt.
Further, after vegetables and fruits, bagging processing is carried out to the fruit of reservation, bagging selects double-ply bag, and internal layer is film bag, outside
Layer is paper bag, is tightened sack after bagging.
Further, insecticide, bactericide and foliar fertilizer are sprayed within 3-5 days before bagging to fruit tree, rain is met and then fills spray one
It is secondary, complete bagging in 3 days after decoction is dry.
Further, bagging outer layer is laid down after fruit maturation, retains bagging internal layer.
Further, the one or more in fruit tree intercrop great Jiang, radish, spinach, clover, peanut, capsicum.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：A kind of highlands apple high-yield planting method of the present invention, is reasonably distributed apple
Planting fruit trees density, the growing environment to apple tree of science is managed, it is ensured that the healthy growth of apple tree, improves apple tree
Fruiting rate, and then improve the yield of apple, improve the income of planting household.
Embodiment
The embodiment to the present invention is described further below.Herein it should be noted that for these implementations
The explanation of mode is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute limitation of the invention.In addition, invention described below
As long as involved technical characteristic does not constitute conflict and can be just mutually combined each other in each embodiment.
A kind of highlands apple high-yield planting method, comprises the following steps：
1), selection of land：Height above sea level is selected at 1600-2200 meter, it is leeward face south, the deep loam block or sand soil of soil layer；
2), site preparation：Deep ploughing 60cm is carried out to the soil chosen, while applying the farmers' become thoroughly decomposed according to every mu of 4000-5000kg
Fertilizer, then flattens soil, digs fish scale ditch, the long 80-130cm in fish-scale pit, wide 70-90cm, deep 50-60cm, the high 25- of the outside low bank of earth between fields
30cm, wide 25-30cm, the distance between adjacent fish-scale pit are 1.2-1.5m；
3) seedling, is selected：Selection height is in 60-80cm, the thick 3-5cm of stem, well developed root system, and fibrous root is more and the not healthy and strong apple of pest and disease damage
Fruit tree seedlings；
4), it is colonized：3-4 days before field planting, fish scale is poured water in cave, and the apple sapling chosen uses 500 times of carbendazim solutions
20-24h is soaked, the root of apple sapling is wrapped up during definite value with the mud containing root-inducing powder, apple sapling is then embedded in fish scale cave
It is interior, then pour permeable；
5), orchard management：
A, look into work fill the gaps with seedlings：The apple sapling being newly colonized, during germination lamina, check apple sapling survives situation,
The apple sapling that can not germinate is mended after removing and plants apple sapling；
B, water and fertilizer management：New to plant treelet in more than young sprout pumping 10cm, every plant is applied purity nitrogen 100-200g, and combination is poured
Water, is incremented by by annual 200g amount later；Bearing-age tree is before rudiment, after fallen flowers, young fruit expanding stage respectively topdresses once, and every mu of ground is applied
The double micro- fertilizer of 50kg urea, 20kg, phosphate fertilizer 5kg and potash fertilizer 3kg；Poured respectively in budding period, flower early stage, growth of young phase and Wintering Period
Water once, notes amount of rainfall, and irrigation amount is maximum water holding capacity in 70-80%；
C, trimming：It is divided into overall trimming and florescence complex shears,
Overall trimming：Fruit tree is integrally trimmed to spinning taper, disease branch, weak branch is cut off, height of tree 2.5-3m, crown diameter 2.5-3m,
Surrounding retains 15-18 side life branch；
Florescence complex shears：The spray of weak branch, overstocked spray and undergrowth is subtracted, long a string of flowers branch is cut in contracting；
D, flower and fruit thinning：
Flower thinning：Intensive flower is extractd, the flower of reservation is evenly distributed；
Vegetables and fruits：Plant First Year and extract whole young fruits, cultivate tree crown, Second Year dredges the young fruit for removing 60-70%, makes fruit tree whole
Body growth balance, starts to remove disease, worm, small, malformed fruit during fruit thinning on the 3rd year, and removes intensive fruit, makes fruit interval 15-25cm；
E, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
Defoliation：Alternately preventing and treating is sprayed using 50% carbendazim and 50% plain 1500-2000 times of liquid of glycolylurea；
Red spider：Before spending and thank and spend 1000 times of liquid of each spray 0.5 degree of lime sulfur of Baume or 20% dicofol once, sprout
5% heavy diesel fuel emulsion ovicidal is sprayed before bud；
Olethreutid：Closed using the 200-250 times of fluid-tight of 50% metrifonate and cut saw kerf, spray 50% DDVP, 1000 times of liquid,
Rest period strikes off bark from old tress and burnt.
After vegetables and fruits, bagging processing is carried out to the fruit of reservation, bagging selects double-ply bag, and internal layer is film bag, and outer layer is paper bag,
Sack is tightened after bagging.
Insecticide, bactericide and foliar fertilizer are sprayed within 3-5 days before bagging to fruit tree, rain is met and then fills spray once, decoction is done
Afterwards bagging is completed in 3 days.
Bagging outer layer is laid down after fruit maturation, retains bagging internal layer.
One or more in fruit tree intercrop great Jiang, radish, spinach, clover, peanut, capsicum.
Early stage basal dressing strengthens soil fertility, can more preserve moisture using fish-scale pit, it is to avoid the loss of moisture, reasonably
The distance between the size in fish-scale pit and apple tree is planned, both can guarantee that and reciprocal influence is not resulted between apple tree, and can be maximum
The planting density of change, and then improve the per mu yield of apple.
Then the water and fertilizer management of science, trimming and flower and fruit thinning are passed through, it is ensured that fruit can sufficiently absorb nutrient, simultaneously
Timely prevent and treat pest and disease damage, it is ensured that the healthy growth of fruit.
One or more in fruit-bearing forest intercrop great Jiang, radish, spinach, clover, peanut, capsicum, on the one hand can increase kind
The income at family is planted, the nutrient in soil required for apple tree on the other hand can be supplemented, the quality of fruit is improved.
Embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail above, but the invention is not restricted to described embodiment.It is right
For those skilled in the art, in the case where not departing from the principle of the invention and spirit, these embodiments are carried out many
Change, modification, replacement and modification are planted, are still fallen within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of highlands apple high-yield planting method, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
1), selection of land：Height above sea level is selected at 1600-2200 meter, it is leeward face south, the deep loam block or sand soil of soil layer；
2), site preparation：Deep ploughing 60cm is carried out to the soil chosen, while applying the farm manure become thoroughly decomposed according to every mu of 4000-5000kg, so
Soil is flattened afterwards, digging fish scale ditch, the long 80-130cm in fish-scale pit, wide 70-90cm, deep 50-60cm, the high 25-30cm of the outside low bank of earth between fields,
Wide 25-30cm, the distance between adjacent fish-scale pit is 1.2-1.5m；
3) seedling, is selected：Selection height is in 60-80cm, the thick 3-5cm of stem, well developed root system, and fibrous root is more and the not healthy and strong apple tree of pest and disease damage
Seedling；
4), it is colonized：3-4 days before field planting, fish scale is poured water in cave, and the apple sapling chosen is soaked using 500 times of carbendazim solutions
20-24h, the root of apple sapling is wrapped up with the mud containing root-inducing powder, then apple sapling is embedded in fish scale cave, so during definite value
After pour permeable；
5), orchard management：
A, look into work fill the gaps with seedlings：The apple sapling being newly colonized, during germination lamina, check apple sapling survives situation, will not
The apple sapling that can germinate is mended after removing and plants apple sapling；
B, water and fertilizer management：New to plant treelet in more than young sprout pumping 10cm, every plant is applied purity nitrogen 100-200g, and combination is watered, with
It is incremented by afterwards by annual 200g amount；Bearing-age tree is before rudiment, after fallen flowers, young fruit expanding stage respectively topdresses once, and 50kg is applied on every mu of ground
The double micro- fertilizer of urea, 20kg, phosphate fertilizer 5kg and potash fertilizer 3kg；One is watered respectively in budding period, flower early stage, growth of young phase and Wintering Period
It is secondary, note amount of rainfall, irrigation amount is maximum water holding capacity in 70-80%；
C, trimming：It is divided into overall trimming and florescence complex shears,
Overall trimming：Fruit tree is integrally trimmed to spinning taper, disease branch, weak branch, height of tree 2.5-3m, crown diameter 2.5-3m, surrounding is cut off
Retain 15-18 side life branch；
Florescence complex shears：The spray of weak branch, overstocked spray and undergrowth is subtracted, long a string of flowers branch is cut in contracting；
D, flower and fruit thinning：
Flower thinning：Intensive flower is extractd, the flower of reservation is evenly distributed；
Vegetables and fruits：Plant First Year and extract whole young fruits, cultivate tree crown, Second Year dredges the young fruit for removing 60-70%, fruit tree is integrally given birth to
Long balance, starts to remove disease, worm, small, malformed fruit during fruit thinning on the 3rd year, and removes intensive fruit, makes fruit interval 15-25cm；
E, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
Defoliation：Alternately preventing and treating is sprayed using 50% carbendazim and 50% plain 1500-2000 times of liquid of glycolylurea；
Red spider：Before spending and thank and spend 1000 times of liquid of each spray 0.5 degree of lime sulfur of Baume or 20% dicofol once, before rudiment
Spray 5% heavy diesel fuel emulsion ovicidal；
Olethreutid：Closed using the 200-250 times of fluid-tight of 50% metrifonate and cut saw kerf, spray 50% DDVP, 1000 times of liquid, dormancy
Phase strikes off bark from old tress and burnt.
2. a kind of highlands apple high-yield planting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：After vegetables and fruits, to protecting
The fruit that stays carries out bagging processing, and bagging selects double-ply bag, and internal layer is film bag, and outer layer is to tighten sack after paper bag, bagging.
3. a kind of highlands apple high-yield planting method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：3-5 days before bagging
Insecticide, bactericide and foliar fertilizer are sprayed to fruit tree, rain is met and then fills spray once, bagging is completed in 3 days after decoction is dry.
4. a kind of highlands apple high-yield planting method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Unloaded after fruit maturation
Fall bagging outer layer, retain bagging internal layer.
5. a kind of highlands apple high-yield planting method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：In fruit tree intercrop
One or more in great Jiang, radish, spinach, clover, peanut, capsicum.
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| CN201710367983.6A CN107155767A (en) | 2017-05-23 | 2017-05-23 | A kind of highlands apple high-yield planting method |
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| CN201710367983.6A CN107155767A (en) | 2017-05-23 | 2017-05-23 | A kind of highlands apple high-yield planting method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107548652A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-01-09 | 淮南市祝利生态园林有限公司 | A kind of method of peach rich water quality management |
| CN107567928A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-12 | 广西田阳县创新农业综合开发有限公司 | The stony desertification implantation methods of mango |
| CN107637362A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-01-30 | 桐梓县茅石乡龙会村蔬菜种植场 | A kind of apple cultivation method |
| CN107801545A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-03-16 | 镇江市丹徒区世业盛果农产品协会 | A kind of implantation methods of apple tree |
| CN107896789A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-04-13 | 桂林满梓玉农业开发有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of high-yield high-quality apple |
| CN109168843A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2019-01-11 | 贺州迅凯农作物病虫害防治专业合作社 | A kind of harvesting high-quality high-yield tribute mandarin orange cultural method |
| CN110506551A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-29 | 河池市农业生态与资源保护站 | A kind of expanding propagation method of Guangxi Hechi Fengshan wild tea |
| CN115250816A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-11-01 | 山东省烟台市农业科学研究院 | Apple planting method for reducing ultraviolet hazard in high-altitude areas |
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| GB1322148A (en) * | 1971-03-02 | 1973-07-04 | Shionogi & Co | Process for propagating rootstocks of dwarf apple trees |
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| CN105875326A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-24 | 柳州市盛世种植场 | Method for planting apple trees on hillside |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1322148A (en) * | 1971-03-02 | 1973-07-04 | Shionogi & Co | Process for propagating rootstocks of dwarf apple trees |
| CN103931456A (en) * | 2014-03-22 | 2014-07-23 | 陈学好 | Method for planting apple trees |
| CN105230420A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2016-01-13 | 安徽孔津湖农业开发有限公司 | Method for planting apple trees |
| CN105557444A (en) * | 2016-03-06 | 2016-05-11 | 云南兴彬农业科技有限公司 | Intensive intercropping planting method for dwarf apples in plateau area |
| CN105875326A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-24 | 柳州市盛世种植场 | Method for planting apple trees on hillside |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107548652A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-01-09 | 淮南市祝利生态园林有限公司 | A kind of method of peach rich water quality management |
| CN107801545A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-03-16 | 镇江市丹徒区世业盛果农产品协会 | A kind of implantation methods of apple tree |
| CN107567928A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-12 | 广西田阳县创新农业综合开发有限公司 | The stony desertification implantation methods of mango |
| CN107637362A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-01-30 | 桐梓县茅石乡龙会村蔬菜种植场 | A kind of apple cultivation method |
| CN107896789A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-04-13 | 桂林满梓玉农业开发有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of high-yield high-quality apple |
| CN109168843A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2019-01-11 | 贺州迅凯农作物病虫害防治专业合作社 | A kind of harvesting high-quality high-yield tribute mandarin orange cultural method |
| CN110506551A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-29 | 河池市农业生态与资源保护站 | A kind of expanding propagation method of Guangxi Hechi Fengshan wild tea |
| CN115250816A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-11-01 | 山东省烟台市农业科学研究院 | Apple planting method for reducing ultraviolet hazard in high-altitude areas |
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