CN115250816A - Apple planting method for reducing ultraviolet hazard in high-altitude areas - Google Patents
Apple planting method for reducing ultraviolet hazard in high-altitude areas Download PDFInfo
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- CN115250816A CN115250816A CN202210926983.6A CN202210926983A CN115250816A CN 115250816 A CN115250816 A CN 115250816A CN 202210926983 A CN202210926983 A CN 202210926983A CN 115250816 A CN115250816 A CN 115250816A
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- orchard
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- spraying
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0206—Canopies, i.e. devices providing a roof above the plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an apple planting method for reducing ultraviolet hazard in high-altitude areas, which comprises the following steps: a blue net with strong ultraviolet resistance is installed in an orchard; high-stem micro-spraying facilities are installed in an orchard, a high-stem micro-spraying pipe is installed in the center of each tree trunk, the whole tree crown can be covered when water is sprayed, and in the weather of high temperature and strong ultraviolet rays, the water spraying is opened, so that the temperature in the tree crown is reduced, and the ultraviolet irradiation damage is reduced; ridging cultivation is carried out among ridges of the orchard, the height of each ridge is 15cm, the width of each ridge is 1.5m, weeding cloth covers the ridges, and the ground temperature is increased; grass growing cultivation is carried out among rows, grass can grow naturally, or artificial grass seeds are planted, and the humidity in the orchard is increased; pruning the quantity of branches and leaves, controlling the light transmittance of crowns to be below 25% through pruning in a growing season, reducing the influence of strong ultraviolet rays on the development of apple fruits and reducing the damage of fruit peels caused by ultraviolet irradiation by increasing the quantity of branches and leaves, thereby improving the high-quality fruit rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to an apple planting method for reducing ultraviolet hazard in high-altitude areas.
Background
The southwest areas of Tibetan, yunnan, guizhou and the like in China are wide in regions, high in altitude, wide in climate change, unique in natural environment, various in ecological types and has the natural advantage of developing economic forests which are extremely thick. In recent years, the south-west cold highland apple industry represented by linzhi and showtong has rapidly developed, and most of the industries are about 3000 meters due to high altitude, the atmosphere is weak, the moisture and dust content is low, the transparency is good, the ultraviolet ray is strong, and the appearance of the apple fruits presents unique purple black. However, the high altitude area in southwest is high in altitude, low in daily average temperature and strong in ultraviolet ray, normal development of apple plants is greatly influenced by ultraviolet ray, photosynthesis of leaves is seriously influenced, fruit development is slow, fruit peels are seriously damaged by ultraviolet ray, high-quality fruit rate is low, and orchard planting yield is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an apple planting method for reducing ultraviolet hazard in high-altitude areas.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: an apple planting method for reducing ultraviolet hazard in high-altitude areas comprises the following steps:
1) A blue net with strong ultraviolet resistance is installed in an orchard;
2) A high-stem micro-spraying facility is installed in an orchard, a high-stem micro-spraying pipe is installed in the center of each tree trunk, the whole tree crown can be covered when water is sprayed, and in the weather of high temperature and strong ultraviolet rays, the water spraying is opened, so that the temperature in the tree crown is reduced, and the ultraviolet irradiation damage is reduced;
3) Ridging cultivation is carried out among ridges of the orchard, the height of each ridge is 15cm, the width of each ridge is 1.5m, weeding cloth covers the ridges, and the ground temperature is increased;
4) Grass growing cultivation is carried out among the rows, grass can grow naturally, or artificial grass seeds can be planted, and the humidity in the orchard is increased;
5) Pruning the quantity of branches and leaves, controlling the light transmittance of crowns to be below 25% through pruning in a growing season, reducing the influence of strong ultraviolet rays on the development of apple fruits and reducing the damage of fruit peels caused by ultraviolet irradiation by increasing the quantity of branches and leaves, thereby improving the high-quality fruit rate.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: by installing an ultraviolet-proof blue net and a high-pole micro-spraying facility in an orchard, matching technical measures of ridging cultivation, inter-row grass growing, scientific pruning, reasonable control of branch and leaf quantity and the like, the damage of strong ultraviolet rays to trees in the apple planting process in a high-altitude area can be effectively reduced, the photosynthetic strength of the leaves is improved by over 25 percent, the damage rate of the ultraviolet rays to the appearance of fruits is reduced by over 30 percent, and the high-quality fruit rate can reach over 75 percent.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail.
An apple planting method for reducing ultraviolet hazard in high-altitude areas comprises the following steps:
1) And a blue net with strong ultraviolet resistance is installed in the orchard. Can achieve the comprehensive effects of ultraviolet resistance, hail resistance and the like.
2) The orchard is provided with a high-stem micro-spraying facility, the center of each tree trunk is provided with a high-stem micro-spraying pipe which can cover the whole tree crown when spraying water, and in the weather of high temperature and strong ultraviolet rays, the spraying water is opened, so that the temperature in the tree crown can be reduced by about 5 degrees, and the ultraviolet irradiation damage is reduced by more than 15%.
3) Ridging cultivation is carried out among ridges of the orchard, the ridge height is 15cm, the ridge width is 1.5m, weeding cloth covers the ridges, and the ground temperature in the range of a root zone can be effectively increased by more than 4 degrees.
4) The grass can be naturally grown in the row spacing, or artificial grass seeds such as ryegrass can be planted, clear ploughing is avoided, humidity in the orchard can be effectively increased, and ultraviolet injury is reduced.
5) Scientifically controlling the quantity of trimmed branches and leaves. Through scientific pruning in growing seasons, the light transmittance of the crown is controlled to be lower than 25% and is slightly lower than that of the crown cultivated in place, the influence of strong ultraviolet rays on apple fruit development is reduced through increasing the quantity of branches and leaves, and the damage to fruit peels caused by ultraviolet irradiation is reduced, so that the purpose of improving the high-quality fruit rate is achieved.
The method solves the key problem that the normal photosynthetic efficiency of the leaves and the ultraviolet damage to the outer skin of the fruits are influenced by the strong ultraviolet irradiation in the apple planting in the high-altitude areas, so that the leaves can normally develop, the ultraviolet irradiation damage to the outer skin of the fruits is reduced, and the high-quality fruit rate of the fruits is improved.
By installing the ultraviolet-proof blue net along the tree rows in the orchard and adopting an apple ultraviolet-proof trellis cultivation mode, the ultraviolet irradiation with the intensity of more than 40 percent can be reduced.
The orchard is provided with the high-pole micro-spraying facility in a matched manner, water is sprayed into the tree crown in time when the weather is high in temperature and strong in ultraviolet rays, diffraction in the tree crown is increased, the temperature in the tree crown is reduced, and damage of the ultraviolet rays to blades and fruits is further reduced.
Ridging cultivation is carried out among ridges of the orchard, grass growing cultivation is carried out among rows, clear cultivation is avoided, tree crown branches and leaves are reasonably trimmed and controlled, humidity in the orchard is increased, and harm of ultraviolet rays to apples in high-altitude areas is further reduced.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any structural changes made under the teaching of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention, which is similar or similar to the technical solutions of the present invention.
The techniques, shapes, and configurations not described in detail in the present invention are all known techniques.
Claims (1)
1. An apple planting method for reducing ultraviolet hazard in high-altitude areas is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) A blue net with strong ultraviolet resistance is installed in an orchard;
2) High-stem micro-spraying facilities are installed in an orchard, a high-stem micro-spraying pipe is installed in the center of each tree trunk, the whole tree crown can be covered when water is sprayed, and in the weather of high temperature and strong ultraviolet rays, the water spraying is opened, so that the temperature in the tree crown is reduced, and the ultraviolet irradiation damage is reduced;
3) Ridging cultivation is carried out among ridges of the orchard, the height of each ridge is 15cm, the width of each ridge is 1.5m, weeding cloth covers the ridges, and the ground temperature is increased;
4) Grass growing cultivation is carried out among the rows, grass can grow naturally, or artificial grass seeds can be planted, and the humidity in the orchard is increased;
5) The branch and leaf amount is trimmed, the light transmittance of the crown is controlled to be below 25% by trimming in a growing season, the influence of strong ultraviolet rays on apple fruit development is reduced by increasing the branch and leaf amount, and the damage of fruit peels caused by ultraviolet irradiation is reduced, so that the high-quality fruit rate is improved.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210926983.6A CN115250816A (en) | 2022-08-03 | 2022-08-03 | Apple planting method for reducing ultraviolet hazard in high-altitude areas |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210926983.6A CN115250816A (en) | 2022-08-03 | 2022-08-03 | Apple planting method for reducing ultraviolet hazard in high-altitude areas |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115250816A true CN115250816A (en) | 2022-11-01 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210926983.6A Pending CN115250816A (en) | 2022-08-03 | 2022-08-03 | Apple planting method for reducing ultraviolet hazard in high-altitude areas |
Country Status (1)
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| CN (1) | CN115250816A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103988689A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-08-20 | 太仓市泗洲农场专业合作社 | Sunlight diffusion mixed planting method for kiwi fruit trees |
| CN105210645A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-01-06 | 李佰峰 | A kind of Vigorating compact planting apple is planted the ecological cultivation method of next year high yield then |
| CN107155767A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-09-15 | 丽江市古城区红水塘林果产销农民专业合作社 | A kind of highlands apple high-yield planting method |
| CN109463187A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2019-03-15 | 赵玉喜 | A kind of cultural method improving large cherry high yield in low latitudes high altitude localities |
| CN113906950A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-01-11 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | Large cherry garden building method suitable for southwest cold highland |
-
2022
- 2022-08-03 CN CN202210926983.6A patent/CN115250816A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103988689A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-08-20 | 太仓市泗洲农场专业合作社 | Sunlight diffusion mixed planting method for kiwi fruit trees |
| CN105210645A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-01-06 | 李佰峰 | A kind of Vigorating compact planting apple is planted the ecological cultivation method of next year high yield then |
| CN107155767A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-09-15 | 丽江市古城区红水塘林果产销农民专业合作社 | A kind of highlands apple high-yield planting method |
| CN109463187A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2019-03-15 | 赵玉喜 | A kind of cultural method improving large cherry high yield in low latitudes high altitude localities |
| CN113906950A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-01-11 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | Large cherry garden building method suitable for southwest cold highland |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 路贵龙等: "西藏苹果集约化生产技术" * |
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