CN106717948A - A kind of detoxification garlic spring sowing high yield cultivating method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of detoxification garlic spring sowing high yield cultivating method, belong to technical field of crop cultivation.In order to solve, spring sowing Garlic yield is low, epidemic disease is serious, new garlic can not in time flow to market, caused by Autumn sowing garlic people are a large amount of hoards the problem for causing the reduction of garlic effect, the invention provides a kind of detoxification garlic spring sowing high yield cultivating method, using the growth characteristics of garlic, by the treatment of kind of garlic, science site preparation and apply fertilizer, begin sowing in good time, epidemic disease diseases prevention rate is improved during spring sowing Garlic yield, quality and the planting garlic that the cultivation system of a whole set of science such as field management is cultivated so that fresh garlic flows to market and better meets the market demand in time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of crop cultivation, specifically a kind of detoxification garlic spring sowing high yield cultivating method.
Background technology
Garlic is Liliaceae allium herbaceos perennial, and underground bulb is fragrant pungent type vegetables, is cooking savory delicacies mistake
Flavouring in journey, is also first-class nutriment, even more splendid green natural medicine.Garlic contains abundant vitamin, ammonia
Base acid, protein, allicin and carbohydrate, with antibiotic and sterilizing, stimulate digestion, increase the functions such as appetite, cancer-resisting,
Nutritive value and medical value are higher.The effects such as with strong disinfecting, anti-curing oncoma and cancer, preventing cold, liver function protecting.
Garlic belongs to asexually propagated crop, can not carry out the replacement of sexual generation, but the relay from garlic clove to garlic clove is bred,
Therefore, the chance for infecting and accumulating is caused to virus, cause virosis occur it is extremely serious, such as OYDV (OYDV) and
Garlic latent virus (GLV), cause blade macula lutea, distortion occur, and the head of garlic diminishes, and yield is reduced year by year, so that largely
Cause kind of a degeneration for property.Therefore, in recent years, the plantation of detoxification garlic is more and more widely paid close attention to.
Prior art, garlic sowing time is spring sowing and autumn sowing, generally uses planted in fall, because garlic spring is sowed, the summer
Season harvests, and nutrient accumulation is few, and Yield and quality is relatively low, therefore majority is all based on Autumn sowing garlic, although Autumn sowing garlic yield, matter
Amount is above spring sowing garlic, but Autumn sowing garlic growth cycle is more long, and supply falls short of demand for fresh garlic, when fresh garlic flows to market,
People are habitually hoarded, and because period of storage is long, the various active components in garlic are such as:Allicin content drops
Low, sterilized antitumaous effect weakens significantly.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the defect or deficiency of prior art, there is provided a kind of detoxification garlic spring sowing high-yield culturing side
Method.
In order to realize the purpose of the present invention, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of detoxification garlic spring sowing high yield cultivating method, specific steps are:
1) treatment of garlic, is planted
Selection color and luster is pure white, terminal bud is loose, the disease-free detoxification purple garlic head without wound as kind of a garlic, be then 1% by concentration
Salicylic acid solution is fitted into uniform sprinkling kind garlic surface in sprayer, every sprinkling in 3-5 hours once, garlic will be planted after spraying 3 times
Neat piles up in ceramic cylinder, and cylinder body sponge wrapping treats that kind of garlic fibrous root is long and waits to sow to 3-5cm;
2), science site preparation and fertilising
By weight, superseded disconnected bud, 30-50 parts rotten of peeling garlic clove are taken and sequentially adds 100-200 parts after smashing to pieces
Biogas slurry, 10-20 part of rotten Chinese cabbage, 50-100 parts of maize straw, 50-100 parts of pig manure, 20-30 parts of chicken manure, 20-30 parts of cow dung, mixing
Anaerobic fermentation is carried out after uniform, fermentation time is 5-10 days, and base manure is obtained final product after the completion of fermentation;The 30 days deep ploughing soil before the winter is entered,
Tilling depth 40-50cm, with reference to deep ploughing, by base manure and zeolite, sepiolite, charcoal, by weight:3:1:1:2 it is well mixed after apply
Enter in soil, every mu is applied 150kg/667m2-200kg/667m2Flood overflows field simultaneously;Ploughed shallowly again when entering the winter soil, tilling depth 20-
25cm, with reference to shallow plowing, by base manure and plant ash, egg shell, dry banana skin are by weight:5:2:3 it is well mixed after be manured into soil
In, every mu is applied 100kg/667m2-150kg/667m2, then by the thin leveling of soil rake;
3), begin sowing in good time
Jasmine slag is fully immersed in pyrolkigneous liquid, is soaked 2 hours, discard colored slag, kind of a garlic fibrous root is immersed in 2-3
My god, sowed within 2-3 days after first spring rain, to be cultivated using full film high ridge, ridge 15-20cm high, planting density is:Spacing in the rows
5-10cm, line-spacing:20-30cm, every mu with ten thousand plants of kind of 3-4;
4), field management
1. impose and urge seed manure:Imposed when garlic grows 4-5 leaves and urge seed manure, after people, animal urine is filtered, with activated carbon by weight
Amount is than being 1:1.5 ratios mix after fermentation to odorless, filter off activated carbon, and every mu of obtained zymotic fluid pours to apply once urges seed manure
100-150kg;
2. impose and urge a kind of sedge fertilizer:Imposed when garlic grows 7-8 leaves urge a kind of sedge fertilizer, will be deodorant after people, animal urine with fallen leaves, bone
Powder, areca leaf, tuber fleeceflower leaf and compare 5 according to weight:1:1:2:Anaerobic sealed fermenting 5-10 hours, fermentation after 2 ratio mixing
After the completion of every mu pour to apply and once urge a kind of sedge fertilizer 45-60kg;
3. impose the head of garlic and expand fertilizer:The head of garlic is imposed after bolting and expands fertilizer, by marine alga slag, sesame paste slag, chicken feather, watermelon peel and
People, animal urine after deodorant compares 5 according to weight:3:1:2:It is placed in agitator after 7 ratio mixing, under 45 DEG C of temperature conditionss
Fermentation 10-15 days is stirred in sealed stirrer;Dried under 80 DEG C of temperature conditionss again, granulation, the prepared head of garlic expands fertilizer,
The every mu of head of garlic that topdresses expands fertile 200-350kg, is poured water after topdressing;
5), harvest in time
1st, garlic stems is harvested:When garlic stems inflorescence bract stretches out lobus cardiacus 10-15cm, start harvesting;
2nd, the head of garlic is harvested:20d or so, i.e. July early and middle ten dayses after garlic stems harvesting, the radical leaves of garlic plant are mostly withered and yellow,
False stem is soft, and occurring shape can harvesting.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:Detoxification garlic spring sowing high yield cultivating method of the invention, using the growth of garlic
Characteristic, by the treatment of kind of garlic, science site preparation and apply fertilizer, begin sowing in good time, the cultivation system of a whole set of science such as field management is planted
The spring sowing Garlic yield of training, quality and epidemic disease diseases prevention rate is improved during planting garlic so that fresh garlic flows to city in time
And better meet the market demand.
Specific embodiment
Further describe the present invention by the following examples, it should be understood that these embodiments are only used for illustration
Purpose, is not limited to the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of detoxification garlic spring sowing high yield cultivating method, specific steps are:
1) treatment of garlic, is planted
Selection color and luster is pure white, terminal bud is loose, the disease-free detoxification purple garlic head without wound as kind of a garlic, be then 1% by concentration
Salicylic acid solution is fitted into uniform sprinkling kind garlic surface in sprayer, will every sprinkling in 3 hours once, after spraying 3 times plant garlic whole
Neat piles up in ceramic cylinder, and cylinder body sponge wrapping treats that kind of garlic fibrous root is long and waits to sow to 3-5cm;
2), science site preparation and fertilising
By weight, take superseded disconnected bud, 30-50 parts rotten of peeling garlic clove sequentially added after smashing to pieces 100 parts of biogas slurries,
10 parts of rotten Chinese cabbages, 50 parts of maize straws, 50 parts of pig manures, 20 parts of chicken manures, 20 parts of cow dungs, anaerobic fermentation is carried out after being well mixed, and is sent out
The ferment time is 5 days, and base manure is obtained final product after the completion of fermentation;30 days deep ploughing soil, tilling depth 40-50cm, with reference to deep ploughing, by base before the winter is entered
Fertilizer and zeolite, sepiolite, charcoal, by weight:3:1:1:2 it is well mixed after be manured into soil, every mu is applied 150kg/667m2
Flood overflows field simultaneously;Ploughed shallowly again when entering the winter soil, tilling depth 20-25cm, with reference to shallow plowing, by base manure and plant ash, egg shell, dry perfume
Any of several broadleaf plants skin is by weight:5:2:3 it is well mixed after be manured into soil, every mu is applied 100kg/667m2, then by the thin leveling of soil rake;
3), begin sowing in good time
Jasmine slag is fully immersed in pyrolkigneous liquid, is soaked 2 hours, discard colored slag, kind of a garlic fibrous root is immersed in 2 days,
Sowed within 2-3 days after first spring rain, cultivated using full film high ridge, ridge 15cm high, planting density is:Spacing in the rows:5cm,
Line-spacing:20cm, every mu with plant 30,000 plants;
4), field management
1. impose and urge seed manure:Imposed when garlic grows 4-5 leaves and urge seed manure, after people, animal urine is filtered, with activated carbon by weight
Amount is than being 1:1.5 ratios mix after fermentation to odorless, filter off activated carbon, and every mu of obtained zymotic fluid pours to apply once urges seed manure
100kg;
2. impose and urge a kind of sedge fertilizer:Imposed when garlic grows 7-8 leaves urge a kind of sedge fertilizer, will be deodorant after people, animal urine with fallen leaves, bone
Powder, areca leaf, tuber fleeceflower leaf and compare 5 according to weight:1:1:2:Anaerobic sealed fermenting 5 hours after 2 ratio mixing, fermentation is completed
Every mu is poured to apply and once urge a kind of sedge fertilizer 45kg afterwards;
3. impose the head of garlic and expand fertilizer:The head of garlic is imposed after bolting and expands fertilizer, by marine alga slag, sesame paste slag, chicken feather, watermelon peel and
People, animal urine after deodorant compares 5 according to weight:3:1:2:It is placed in agitator after 7 ratio mixing, under 45 DEG C of temperature conditionss
Fermentation 10 days is stirred in sealed stirrer;Dried under 80 DEG C of temperature conditionss again, granulation, the prepared head of garlic expands fertilizer, often
The mu head of garlic that topdresses expands fertile 200kg, is poured water after topdressing;
5), harvest in time
1st, garlic stems is harvested:When garlic stems inflorescence bract stretches out lobus cardiacus 10-15cm, start harvesting;
2nd, the head of garlic is harvested:20d or so, i.e. July early and middle ten dayses after garlic stems harvesting, the radical leaves of garlic plant are mostly withered and yellow,
False stem is soft, and occurring shape can harvesting.
According to every mu of 25617.5kg of garlic that the cultural method of the present embodiment 1 is produced, head of garlic average weight is 45.7g, garlic
The diseases prevention rate rate of the garlic maggot in planting process reaches 97.3%, compared with conventional Autumn sowing garlic cultural method, output increased
5.7%, the diseases prevention rate for garlic maggot improves 15%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of detoxification garlic spring sowing high yield cultivating method, specific steps are:
1) treatment of garlic, is planted
Selection color and luster is pure white, terminal bud is loose, the disease-free detoxification purple garlic head without wound as kind of a garlic, be then 1% by concentration
Salicylic acid solution is fitted into uniform sprinkling kind garlic surface in sprayer, will every sprinkling in 5 hours once, after spraying 3 times plant garlic whole
Neat piles up in ceramic cylinder, and cylinder body sponge wrapping treats that kind of garlic fibrous root is long and waits to sow to 3-5cm;
2), science site preparation and fertilising
By weight, take superseded disconnected bud, 30-50 parts rotten of peeling garlic clove sequentially added after smashing to pieces 200 parts of biogas slurries,
19 parts of rotten Chinese cabbages, 90 parts of maize straws, 80 parts of pig manures, 30 parts of chicken manures, 28 parts of cow dungs, anaerobic fermentation is carried out after being well mixed, and is sent out
The ferment time is 10 days, and base manure is obtained final product after the completion of fermentation;The 30 days deep ploughing soil before the winter is entered, tilling depth 40-50cm, with reference to deep ploughing, will
Base manure and zeolite, sepiolite, charcoal, by weight:3:1:1:2 it is well mixed after be manured into soil, every mu is applied 200kg/
667m2Flood overflows field simultaneously;Ploughed shallowly again when entering the winter soil, tilling depth 20-25cm, with reference to shallow plowing, by base manure and plant ash, egg
Shell, dry banana skin are by weight:5:2:3 it is well mixed after be manured into soil, every mu is applied 150kg/667m2, then soil is harrowed
Thin leveling;
3), begin sowing in good time
Jasmine slag is fully immersed in pyrolkigneous liquid, is soaked 2 hours, discard colored slag, kind of a garlic fibrous root is immersed in 3 days,
Sowed within 2-3 days after first spring rain, cultivated using full film high ridge, ridge 20cm high, planting density is:Spacing in the rows 10cm,
Line-spacing:30cm, every mu with plant 40,000 plants;
4), field management
1. impose and urge seed manure:Imposed when garlic grows 4-5 leaves and urge seed manure, after people, animal urine is filtered, with activated carbon by weight
Amount is than being 1:1.5 ratios mix after fermentation to odorless, filter off activated carbon, and every mu of obtained zymotic fluid pours to apply once urges seed manure
150kg;
2. impose and urge a kind of sedge fertilizer:Imposed when garlic grows 7-8 leaves urge a kind of sedge fertilizer, will be deodorant after people, animal urine with fallen leaves, bone
Powder, areca leaf, tuber fleeceflower leaf and compare 5 according to weight:1:1:2:Anaerobic sealed fermenting 10 hours, has fermented after 2 ratio mixing
Pour to apply into latter every mu and once urge a kind of sedge fertilizer 60kg;
3. impose the head of garlic and expand fertilizer:The head of garlic is imposed after bolting and expands fertilizer, by marine alga slag, sesame paste slag, chicken feather, watermelon peel and
People, animal urine after deodorant compares 5 according to weight:3:1:2:It is placed in agitator after 7 ratio mixing, under 45 DEG C of temperature conditionss
Fermentation 15 days is stirred in sealed stirrer;Dried under 80 DEG C of temperature conditionss again, granulation, the prepared head of garlic expands fertilizer, often
The mu head of garlic that topdresses expands fertile 350kg, is poured water after topdressing;
5), harvest in time
1st, garlic stems is harvested:When garlic stems inflorescence bract stretches out lobus cardiacus 10-15cm, start harvesting;
2nd, the head of garlic is harvested:20d or so, i.e. July early and middle ten dayses after garlic stems harvesting, the radical leaves of garlic plant are mostly withered and yellow,
False stem is soft, and occurring shape can harvesting.
According to every mu of 26187.1kg of garlic that the cultural method of the present embodiment 2 is produced, head of garlic average weight is 51.23g, greatly
The diseases prevention rate rate of the garlic maggot in garlic planting process reaches 95.5%, compared with conventional Autumn sowing garlic cultural method, output increased
4.9%, the diseases prevention rate for garlic maggot improves 18%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of detoxification garlic spring sowing high yield cultivating method, specific steps are:
1) treatment of garlic, is planted
Selection color and luster is pure white, terminal bud is loose, the disease-free detoxification purple garlic head without wound as kind of a garlic, be then 1% by concentration
Salicylic acid solution is fitted into uniform sprinkling kind garlic surface in sprayer, will every sprinkling in 4 hours once, after spraying 3 times plant garlic whole
Neat piles up in ceramic cylinder, and cylinder body sponge wrapping treats that kind of garlic fibrous root is long and waits to sow to 3-5cm;
2), science site preparation and fertilising
By weight, take superseded disconnected bud, 30-50 parts rotten of peeling garlic clove sequentially added after smashing to pieces 150 parts of biogas slurries,
12 parts of rotten Chinese cabbages, 70 parts of maize straws, 60 parts of pig manures, 25 parts of chicken manures, 27 parts of cow dungs, anaerobic fermentation is carried out after being well mixed, and is sent out
The ferment time is 8 days, and base manure is obtained final product after the completion of fermentation;30 days deep ploughing soil, tilling depth 40-50cm, with reference to deep ploughing, by base before the winter is entered
Fertilizer and zeolite, sepiolite, charcoal, by weight:3:1:1:2 it is well mixed after be manured into soil, every mu is applied 180kg/667m2
Flood overflows field simultaneously;Ploughed shallowly again when entering the winter soil, tilling depth 20-25cm, with reference to shallow plowing, by base manure and plant ash, egg shell, dry perfume
Any of several broadleaf plants skin is by weight:5:2:3 it is well mixed after be manured into soil, every mu is applied 130kg/667m2, then by the thin leveling of soil rake;
3), begin sowing in good time
Jasmine slag is fully immersed in pyrolkigneous liquid, is soaked 2 hours, discard colored slag, kind of a garlic fibrous root is immersed in 3 days,
Sowed within 2-3 days after first spring rain, cultivated using full film high ridge, ridge 18cm high, planting density is:Spacing in the rows 8cm, OK
Away from:25cm, every mu with plant 3.5 ten thousand plants;
4), field management
1. impose and urge seed manure:Imposed when garlic grows 4-5 leaves and urge seed manure, after people, animal urine is filtered, with activated carbon by weight
Amount is than being 1:1.5 ratios mix after fermentation to odorless, filter off activated carbon, and every mu of obtained zymotic fluid pours to apply once urges seed manure
130kg;
2. impose and urge a kind of sedge fertilizer:Imposed when garlic grows 7-8 leaves urge a kind of sedge fertilizer, will be deodorant after people, animal urine with fallen leaves, bone
Powder, areca leaf, tuber fleeceflower leaf and compare 5 according to weight:1:1:2:Anaerobic sealed fermenting 8 hours after 2 ratio mixing, fermentation is completed
Every mu is poured to apply and once urge a kind of sedge fertilizer 55kg afterwards;
3. impose the head of garlic and expand fertilizer:The head of garlic is imposed after bolting and expands fertilizer, by marine alga slag, sesame paste slag, chicken feather, watermelon peel and
People, animal urine after deodorant compares 5 according to weight:3:1:2:It is placed in agitator after 7 ratio mixing, under 45 DEG C of temperature conditionss
Fermentation 13 days is stirred in sealed stirrer;Dried under 80 DEG C of temperature conditionss again, granulation, the prepared head of garlic expands fertilizer, often
The mu head of garlic that topdresses expands fertile 300kg, is poured water after topdressing;
5), harvest in time
1st, garlic stems is harvested:When garlic stems inflorescence bract stretches out lobus cardiacus 10-15cm, start harvesting;
2nd, the head of garlic is harvested:20d or so, i.e. July early and middle ten dayses after garlic stems harvesting, the radical leaves of garlic plant are mostly withered and yellow,
False stem is soft, and occurring shape can harvesting.
According to every mu of 25598.9kg kg of garlic that the cultural method of the present embodiment 3 is produced, head of garlic average weight is 51.23g,
The diseases prevention rate rate of the garlic maggot during planting garlic reaches 94.8%, and compared with conventional Autumn sowing garlic cultural method, yield is carried
High by 5.1%, the diseases prevention rate for garlic maggot improves 16.8%.
Claims (1)
1. a kind for the treatment of of detoxification garlic spring sowing high yield cultivating method, including kind of garlic, science site preparation and apply fertilizer, begin sowing in good time, field
Between management and in time results, it is characterised in that:
The treatment of described kind garlic be select that color and luster is pure white, terminal bud is loose, the disease-free detoxification purple garlic head without wound as kind of a garlic, so
Garlic surface is planted in uniform sprinkling during concentration is fitted into sprayer for 1% salicylic acid solution afterwards, every sprinkling in 3-5 hours once, spray
Spill and piled up kind of garlic is neat in ceramic cylinder after 3 times, cylinder body sponge wrapping treats that kind of garlic fibrous root is long and waits to sow to 3-5cm;
Described science site preparation and fertilising are by weight, to take after superseded disconnected bud, 30-50 parts rotten of peeling garlic clove smash to pieces
Sequentially add 100-200 parts of biogas slurry, 10-20 portions of rotten Chinese cabbage, 50-100 portions of maize straw, 50-100 portions of pig manure, 20-30 portions of chicken
Excrement, 20-30 part cow dung, carry out anaerobic fermentation after being well mixed, fermentation time is 5-10 days, and base manure is obtained final product after the completion of fermentation;
Enter 30 days deep ploughing soil before the winter, tilling depth 40-50cm, with reference to deep ploughing, by base manure and zeolite, sepiolite, charcoal, by weight:
3:1:1:2 it is well mixed after be manured into soil, every mu is applied 150kg/667m2-200kg/667m2Flood overflows field simultaneously;When entering the winter again
Shallow plowing soil, tilling depth 20-25cm, with reference to shallow plowing, by base manure and plant ash, egg shell, dry banana skin are by weight:5:2:3 mix
In being manured into soil after closing uniformly, every mu is applied 100kg/667m2-150kg/667m2, then by the thin leveling of soil rake;
Described beginning sowing in good time is that Jasmine slag is fully immersed in pyrolkigneous liquid, is soaked 2 hours, discards colored slag, will plant garlic palpus
Root is immersed in 2-3 days, is sowed within 2-3 days after first spring rain, is cultivated using full film high ridge, ridge 15-20cm high, cultivation
Density is:Spacing in the rows 5-10cm, line-spacing:20-30cm, every mu with ten thousand plants of kind of 3-4;
Described field management is:1. impose and urge seed manure:Imposed when garlic grows 4-5 leaves and urge seed manure, people, animal urinated and is filtered
Afterwards, by weight it is 1 with activated carbon:1.5 ratios mix after fermentation to odorless, filter off activated carbon, obtained every mu of zymotic fluid
Pour to apply and once urge seed manure 100-150kg;2. impose and urge a kind of sedge fertilizer:Imposed when garlic grows 7-8 leaves and urge a kind of sedge fertilizer, after deodorant
People, animal urinate with fallen leaves, bone meal, areca leaf, tuber fleeceflower leaf and compare 5 according to weight:1:1:2:The closed hair of anaerobic after 2 ratio mixing
Ferment 5-10 hours, every mu was poured to apply and once urge a kind of sedge fertilizer 45-60kg after the completion of fermentation;3. impose the head of garlic and expand fertilizer:Imposed after bolting
The head of garlic expands fertilizer, by marine alga slag, sesame paste slag, chicken feather, watermelon peel and it is deodorant after people, animal urine compare 5 according to weight:3:1:2:7
It is placed in agitator after ratio mixing, fermentation 10-15 days is stirred in sealed stirrer under 45 DEG C of temperature conditionss;Exist again
Dried under 80 DEG C of temperature conditionss, granulation, the prepared head of garlic expands fertilizer, and the every mu of head of garlic that topdresses expands fertile 200-350kg, topdresses
After poured water.
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Cited By (4)
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CN107853059A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-03-30 | 阜阳市鸿业生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of organic fertilizer implantation methods of peach |
CN111543272A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-08-18 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Cultivation method of selenium-rich fragrant garlic |
CN111631102A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-09-08 | 青海省农林科学院 | Cultivation method for quick breeding of green Chinese onions |
CN112136816A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2020-12-29 | 甘肃省科学院生物研究所 | Compound preparation for preventing and treating early bolting of angelica sinensis as well as use method and application thereof |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107853059A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-03-30 | 阜阳市鸿业生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of organic fertilizer implantation methods of peach |
CN111543272A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-08-18 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Cultivation method of selenium-rich fragrant garlic |
CN111631102A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-09-08 | 青海省农林科学院 | Cultivation method for quick breeding of green Chinese onions |
CN112136816A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2020-12-29 | 甘肃省科学院生物研究所 | Compound preparation for preventing and treating early bolting of angelica sinensis as well as use method and application thereof |
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