CN106105697A - A kind of cultural method of rich manganese Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of rich manganese Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae Download PDFInfo
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- CN106105697A CN106105697A CN201610505014.8A CN201610505014A CN106105697A CN 106105697 A CN106105697 A CN 106105697A CN 201610505014 A CN201610505014 A CN 201610505014A CN 106105697 A CN106105697 A CN 106105697A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/04—Double-superphosphate; Triple-superphosphate; Other fertilisers based essentially on monocalcium phosphate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides the cultural method of a kind of rich manganese Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, belongs to agricultural plantation technology field.Described cultural method includes growing seedling in hotbed, site preparation and fertilization, potato transplantation of seedlings, field management and gathers.Wherein site preparation and fertilization is 35 months before transplanting, and selects sandy soil plot sunny, that irrigation is convenient, soil layer is deep, and more than content of organic matter 20g/kg, pH value is 67, is exposed to the sun after soil deep tillage 36 38cm, and the time of being exposed to the sun is 20 35 days；Then carrying out second time to plough deeply, admix plant ash and the mixture of modified manganese carbonate when ploughing deeply in soil, every mu of plant ash consumption is 30 50kg, and modified manganese carbonate consumption is 2 3kg, more naturally places 10 20 days；5 20 days to soil basal dressing before planting.The present invention is by changing fertilization mode and the kind of fertilising of site preparation and fertilization, it is possible to obtains the Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae product that Fe content is high, contributes to manganese deficiency area and take the photograph manganese amount by tonic increase.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, be specifically related to the cultural method of a kind of rich manganese Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae.
[background technology]
Manganese is the trace element of needed by human, and the content in human body is only 12-20 milligram, although manganese is body burden very
Few, but play very important effect.At present it is known that manganese participates in the composition of multiple enzyme, affect the activity of enzyme.Experiment in vitro proves
There is hundreds of enzyme can be had hydrolytic enzyme, decarboxylase, kinases, transferring enzyme, peptidase etc. by manganese activated.
Manganese is relevant with different physiological roles, and manganese deficiency can cause multiple morbid state:
1, manganese can affect normal growth and the growth of skeleton.By manganese deficiency forage feed female rats, given birth to children's Os Mus bone raw
Long disproportionate, four femur bones shorten, and curved spine, skull also deforms.
2, manganese can affect the metabolism of sugar.After Cavia porcellus manganese deficiency, Abnormal glucose tolerance, glucose utilization rate declines,
Insulin synthesis is made to reduce with secretion, it may be possible to insulin hepatocyte receives destruction.Also show laboratory animal abdominal cavity and liver
Fat stores substantially increase.
3, manganese must be indispensable in maintaining normal brain activity function, all has certain relation with intellectual development, thinking, emotion, behavior.
Neurasthenia syndrome can be caused when lacking.Epileptic patient, schizophrenia patients hair and Manganese in Serum content are just below
Ordinary person.
4, manganese is with old and feeble: have scholar to report, the aging of mammal may reduce with manganese-peroxidase and cause antioxygen
Change effect reduces relevant, thus longevity may exist some relation with high manganese.The longevity of Bama County of Guangxi longevity people's commune of China is old
People, hair manganese content is apparently higher than other area.
5, the relation of manganese and cancer has caused the concern of people: visible in EPDML investigation, cancer patient's manganese contains
Amount is substantially less than normal person.Animal inducing cancer test in it also seen that, along with generation and the development of carcinoma, in liver, lung Fe content fall
Low, but tumor locus Fe content raises.Finland, area, Alma-Ata scholar also study show Content of manganese in soils and malignant tumor in
Negative correlation.
Average manganese content in the soil of the whole nation is 710ppm, and world average level is 850ppm.China's most area
Manganese In Soils content is not enough, causes Fe content in plant to lack, and the every manganese amount day by day of adult is about 3 milligrams, due to lacking of food
Manganese makes manganese amount of the taking the photograph deficiency of people's manganese every day, unfavorable to health.
[summary of the invention]
The goal of the invention of the present invention is: for the problem of above-mentioned existence, it is provided that the cultural method of a kind of rich manganese Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, logical
The Caulis Sacchari sinensis Fe content crossing this method cultivation is high, contributes to manganese deficiency area and takes the photograph manganese amount by tonic increase.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The cultural method of a kind of rich manganese Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, comprises the following steps:
(1) growing seedling in hotbed: dug seedbed, every 10m on seedbed2Become thoroughly decomposed plant straw with give up dreg, 20-30kg of 4-5kg Lentinus Edodes
Stalk, 10-12kg cottonseed cake, 30-50kg filter mud of sugar refinery are mixed thoroughly with soil, the sweet potato variety that selection adaptation is wide, disease resistance is strong, choosing
Take stalwartness, potato block without scab, with seeding after sterilization immersion 6-10 minute, earth backing after seeding, make potato seed not expose, then take arch
Canopy overlay film is incubated；When potato Seedling length is to 6-7 leaf, take off film seedling exercising, rattan can be cut after 3-5 days seedling exercising and plant；
(2) site preparation and fertilization: 3-5 month before transplanting, selects chiltern sunny, that irrigation is convenient, soil layer is deep
Soil plot, more than content of organic matter 20g/kg, pH value is 6-7, is exposed to the sun after soil deep tillage 36-38cm, and the time of being exposed to the sun is
20--35 days；Then carry out second time to plough deeply, in soil, when ploughing deeply, admix plant ash and the mixture of modified manganese carbonate, every mu
Plant ash consumption is 30-50kg, and modified manganese carbonate consumption is 2-3kg, more naturally places 10-20 days；Before planting 5-20 days right
Soil basal dressing；The amount of application of base manure is every mu of organic fertilizer 1600-1800kg, dalcium biphosphate 2-4kg, carbamide 8-10kg；
Ridging after basal dressing, row spacing 0.8-1.2 rice, ridge height 20-30cm；
Modified manganese carbonate is prepared by the following method: be heated to manganese carbonate melted after, add in every 100 weight portion manganese carbonates
Enter 2-3 weight portion silicone oil, the attapulgite of 3-4 weight portion, the chitosan of 4-5 weight portion, 1-2 weight portion sodium tripolyphosphate,
The NPE of 0.2-0.3 weight portion, is uniformly mixed, and then pelletize obtains modified manganese carbonate；
(3) potato transplantation of seedlings；In the potato rattan that seedbed clip is healthy and strong, clip is 4-5 joint of every potato rattan, soil after lower saturating rain
Transplanting time moistening, potato rattan vertically buries 2-3 joint, exposes 1-2 joint, and mu inserts 5000-6000 strain；Potato rattan is observed into after planting
The situation of living, reseeds in time；
(4) field management: after potato rattan is planted the 10-15 days, every mu imposes compound fertilizer 15-20kg, to promote growth of seedling, thick
Strong；Tie the potato phase Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, with rich manganese nutrition liquid, Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae blade face is sprayed, sprayed every 5-7 days 1 time, spray 3-5 time altogether, often
Secondary squirt to all blades all by drenched；
(5) gather.
Further, described sweet potato variety is Henan potato king, and this kind stem is climing short and thick, and stem and leaf growth is strong, and knot potato is concentrated, and
The ability of its root enrichment manganese is higher.
Further, the fertilizer in described step (2) by weight, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: pig
Excrement 200-300 part, straw 100--120 part, EM bacterium solution 5-10 part, Paligorskite powder 50-60 part, cutting offals 30-50 part, bran
Aldehyde slag 50-60 part, potter's clay 30-45 part, sodium pyrophosphate 12-16 part, megasse 10-25 part, filter mud of sugar refinery 40-50 part.
Further, the disinfectant solution in described step (1) by weight, is by the mixed raw material of following weight portion
Become: ethanol 150-180 part of 30vol%, jasmonic 1-2 part, fluorine pyrrole urea 1-2 part, triacontanol 2-3 part, potassium molybdate 2-3 part,
Sodium alginate 1-2 part.
Further, described rich manganese nutrition liquid is to be become by the mixed raw material of following weight portion: described rich manganese nutrition liquid is
Become by the mixed raw material of following weight portion: chelating amino acids manganese 2-3 part, mushroom ground-slag 5-8 part, this 0.2-0.4 part of pik, bamboo charcoal
Powder 2-3 part, Fructus Zanthoxyli Plansipini powder 3-4 part, aminoacid potassium sulfonate 5-8 part, Punica granatum L. corium farinosum 6-9 part, Radix Clematidis 0.1-0.2 part, water 200-
300 parts.
Further, described fertilizer is made by following methods: first by pig manure, Paligorskite powder, butcher discarded
Thing, furfural dregs, potter's clay, sodium pyrophosphate, megasse, turn and mix raw material uniformly, complete thin film the most on the ground, straw is used
It is 80wt.% that water squirts regulation water content, is diluted by the EM bacterium solution water of 10 times amount；Then according to paving one layer mixing raw material, paving
One layer of straw, the sequence alternate spraying one layer of EM bacterium solution diluent completes raw material, the most alternately repaves one layer of mixing raw material after 5-6 time
Form fertile heap, then seal fertile heap at fertile heap surface smear filter mud of sugar refinery, finally on fertile heap, beat several a diameter of 2-5cm's
Air-vent, i.e. obtains described fertilizer after fermenting 15-20 days.
In sum, owing to have employed technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention is in planting process, by promoting rooting effect when nursery by the sterilization of seedbed improvement and potato seed,
Reach the effect in strong sprout, improve transplanting survival rate；Pass through to plough deeply and be exposed to the sun for 2 times to kill in soil site preparation and fertilization when to be harmful to
Biology, for preventing potato block disease from laying good basis；Apply base manure and the fertilizer containing manganese again, can improve what Manganese In Soils lacked
Present situation, wherein containing manganese fertilizer material is modified manganese carbonate, and modified manganese carbonate has the effect of slow release, and the rhizome portion for Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae is whole
Demand to manganese element in growth course；The present invention also uses the mode spraying rich manganese nutrition liquid to be Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae benefit in the Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae knot potato phase
Fill the nutrition of manganese element and other elements, by a small amount of the most repeatedly spray mode, it is achieved manganese and the quick suction of other nutrients
Receive；By the change to soil and fertilization mode, thus realize the increase of manganese content in Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae.
2, the fertilizer in the present invention is to prepare after biofermentation, and wherein pig manure, straw are that soil increases organic matter
Content, such as organic nutrient and the content of active substance such as vitamin B1, B6 etc. such as aminoacid, amide, nucleic acid.Paligorskite powder, pottery
Soil can increase content of mineral substances, and sodium pyrophosphate has certain chelation, cutting offals, megasse, filter mud of sugar refinery, furfural
On the one hand slag achieves the recycling of refuse, and on the other hand the growth for Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae provides calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, sulfur and trace element
The inorganic nutrients such as ferrum, manganese, boron, zinc, molybdenum, copper；The cooperation by multiple nutritional components of this fertilizer, can keep inorganic nutrients composition
With the relative equilibrium of organic nutrient, be conducive to improving Soil structure, the permeability improving soil and fertilizer conservation, moisture holding capacity；By having
After the soil improvement that machine is fertile, the beneficially growth promoter of Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, improves the yield of Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae.
3, the rich manganese nutrition liquid in the present invention is that several functions composition mixes, and wherein mushroom ground-slag is plantation mushroom slag
After leftover bits and pieces drying after smash and make, Fructus Zanthoxyli Plansipini powder, Punica granatum L. corium farinosum are pulverized after being raw material drying and are made.Mushroom slag,
Bamboo charcoal powder provides organic nutrition；Chelating amino acids manganese, aminoacid potassium sulfonate provide the elements such as N, P, Mn；This control Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae of pik
The speed of growth of blade, in order to avoid blade excessive growth；Punica granatum L. corium farinosum and Radix Clematidis play effect of disinsection prophylaxis；Multiple components phase interworking
Close, can play improve Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae manganese for controlling Sweet Potato Leaf growth, stoping blade disease, growth for Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae to expand extra-nutrition
Content and effect of raising yield of sweet potato.
[detailed description of the invention]
Below by way of detailed description of the invention, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
The cultural method of a kind of rich manganese Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, comprises the following steps:
(1) growing seedling in hotbed: dug seedbed, every 10m on seedbed2With 4kg Lentinus Edodes give up dreg, 20kg become thoroughly decomposed straw,
10kg cottonseed cake, 30kg filter mud of sugar refinery are mixed thoroughly with soil, the sweet potato variety Henan potato king that selection adaptation is wide, disease resistance is strong, choose
Healthy and strong, potato block without scab, with seeding after the immersion 6 minutes of sterilizing, earth backing after seeding, makes potato seed not expose, then takes shed and cover
Film is incubated；When potato Seedling length is to 6-7 leaf, take off film seedling exercising, rattan can be cut after seedling exercising through 3 days and plant；Disinfectant solution used by weight,
It is to be become by following mixed raw material: the ethanol 150kg of 30vol%, jasmonic 1kg, fluorine pyrrole urea 1kg, triacontanol 2kg, molybdic acid
Potassium 2kg, sodium alginate 1kg.
(2) site preparation and fertilization: 5 months before transplanting, selects sand soil sunny, that irrigation is convenient, soil layer is deep
Territory block, more than content of organic matter 20g/kg, pH value is 6-7, is exposed to the sun after soil deep tillage 36-38cm, and the time of being exposed to the sun is 20 days；
Then carrying out second time to plough deeply, admix plant ash and the mixture of modified manganese carbonate when ploughing deeply in soil, every mu of plant ash is used
Amount is 30kg, and modified manganese carbonate consumption is 3kg, more naturally places 10 days；5 days to soil basal dressing before planting；Executing of base manure
Consumption is every mu of organic fertilizer 1600kg, dalcium biphosphate 2kg, carbamide 8kg；Ridging after basal dressing, row spacing 0.8 meter, ridge is high
20cm；
Modified manganese carbonate is prepared by the following method: be heated to manganese carbonate melted after, add in every 100kg manganese carbonate
2kg silicone oil, the attapulgite of 3kg, the chitosan of 4kg, 1kg sodium tripolyphosphate, the NPE of 0.2kg, stirring
Mix homogeneously, then pelletize obtains modified manganese carbonate；
Described fertilizer is made by following methods: first by pig manure 200kg, Paligorskite powder 50kg, butcher discarded
Thing 30kg, furfural dregs 50kg, potter's clay 30kg, sodium pyrophosphate 12kg, megasse 10kg, turn and mix raw material uniformly, the most again
Completing thin film on the ground, it is 80wt.% that straw 100kg water squirts regulation water content, and EM bacterium solution 5kg is dilute with the water of 10 times amount
Release；Then according to paving one layer mixing raw material, spreading one layer of straw, the sequence alternate spraying one layer of EM bacterium solution diluent completes raw material,
Repave one layer of mixing raw material after replacing 5-6 time altogether and form fertile heap, then seal fertilizer at fertile heap surface smear filter mud of sugar refinery 40-50kg
Heap, finally beats the air-vent of several a diameter of 2-5cm on fertile heap, i.e. obtains described fertilizer after fermenting 15 days.
(3) potato transplantation of seedlings；At the potato rattan that seedbed clip is healthy and strong, 4-5 joint of every potato rattan, soil after lower saturating rain during clip
Transplanting time moistening, potato rattan vertically buries 2-3 joint, exposes 1-2 joint, and mu inserts 5000 strains；Potato rattan is observed after planting and survives feelings
Condition, reseeds in time；
(4) field management: after potato rattan is planted the 10th day, every mu imposes compound fertilizer 15kg, to promote growth of seedling, sturdy；?
The Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae knot potato phase, spraying Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae blade face with rich manganese nutrition liquid, sprayed every 5 days 1 time, spray 5 times, squirt to institute every time altogether
Till having blade all to be drenched；Described rich manganese nutrition liquid is to be become by the mixed raw material of following weight portion: chelating amino acids manganese
2kg, mushroom ground-slag 5kg, this 0.2kg of pik, bamboo charcoal powder 2kg, Fructus Zanthoxyli Plansipini powder 3kg, aminoacid potassium sulfonate 5kg, Punica granatum L. corium farinosum 6kg,
Radix Clematidis 0.1kg, water 200kg.
(5) gather after Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae maturation.
Embodiment 2
The cultural method of a kind of rich manganese Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, comprises the following steps:
(1) growing seedling in hotbed: dug seedbed, every 10m on seedbed2With 5kg Lentinus Edodes give up dreg, 30kg become thoroughly decomposed straw,
12kg cottonseed cake, 50kg filter mud of sugar refinery are mixed thoroughly with soil, the sweet potato variety Henan potato king that selection adaptation is wide, disease resistance is strong, choose
Healthy and strong, potato block without scab, with seeding after the immersion 10 minutes of sterilizing, earth backing after seeding, makes potato seed not expose, then takes shed and cover
Film is incubated；When potato Seedling length is to 6-7 leaf, take off film seedling exercising, rattan can be cut after seedling exercising through 5 days and plant；Disinfectant solution used by weight,
It is to be become by following mixed raw material: the ethanol 180kg of 30vol%, jasmonic 2kg, fluorine pyrrole urea 2kg, triacontanol 3kg, molybdic acid
Potassium 3kg, sodium alginate 2kg.
(2) site preparation and fertilization: 4 months before transplanting, selects sand soil sunny, that irrigation is convenient, soil layer is deep
Territory block, more than content of organic matter 20g/kg, pH value is 6-7, is exposed to the sun after soil deep tillage 36-38cm, and the time of being exposed to the sun is 35 days；
Then carrying out second time to plough deeply, admix plant ash and the mixture of modified manganese carbonate when ploughing deeply in soil, every mu of plant ash is used
Amount is 50kg, and modified manganese carbonate consumption is 3kg, more naturally places 20 days；20 days to soil basal dressing before planting；Executing of base manure
Consumption is every mu of organic fertilizer 1800kg, dalcium biphosphate 4kg, carbamide 10kg；Ridging after basal dressing, row spacing 1.2 meters, ridge is high
30cm；
Modified manganese carbonate is prepared by the following method: be heated to manganese carbonate melted after, add in every 100kg manganese carbonate
3kg silicone oil, the attapulgite of 4kg, the chitosan of 5kg, 2kg sodium tripolyphosphate, the NPE of 0.3kg, stirring
Mix homogeneously, then pelletize obtains modified manganese carbonate；
Described fertilizer is made by following methods: first by pig manure 300kg, Paligorskite powder 60kg, butcher discarded
Thing 50kg, furfural dregs 60kg, potter's clay 45kg, sodium pyrophosphate 16kg, megasse 25kg, turn and mix raw material uniformly, the most again
Completing thin film on the ground, it is 80wt.% that straw 120kg water squirts regulation water content, by the EM bacterium solution 10kg water of 10 times amount
Dilution；Then according to paving one layer mixing raw material, spreading one layer of straw, the sequence alternate spraying one layer of EM bacterium solution diluent is completed former
Material, the most alternately repaves one layer of mixing raw material after 6 times and forms fertile heap, then seal fertilizer at fertile heap surface smear filter mud of sugar refinery 50kg
Heap, finally beats the air-vent of several a diameter of 2-5cm on fertile heap, i.e. obtains described fertilizer after fermenting 20 days.
(3) potato transplantation of seedlings；At the potato rattan that seedbed clip is healthy and strong, 4-5 joint of every potato rattan, soil after lower saturating rain during clip
Transplanting time moistening, potato rattan vertically buries 2-3 joint, exposes 1-2 joint, and mu inserts 6000 strains；Potato rattan is observed after planting and survives feelings
Condition, reseeds in time；
(4) field management: after potato rattan is planted the 15th day, every mu imposes compound fertilizer 20kg, to promote growth of seedling, sturdy；?
The Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae knot potato phase, spraying Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae blade face with rich manganese nutrition liquid, sprayed every 7 days 1 time, spray 3 times, squirt to institute every time altogether
Till having blade all to be drenched；Described rich manganese nutrition liquid is to be become by the mixed raw material of following weight portion: chelating amino acids manganese
3kg, mushroom ground-slag 8kg, this 0.4kg of pik, bamboo charcoal powder 3kg, Fructus Zanthoxyli Plansipini powder 4kg, aminoacid potassium sulfonate 8kg, Punica granatum L. corium farinosum 9kg,
Radix Clematidis 0.2kg, water 300kg.
(5) gather after Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae maturation.
By above-mentioned embodiment sweet potato planting, the survival rate of transplanting is up to 98%, improve Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae production efficiency.Sweet
After planting potato, the growth of potato portion is fast, and disease resistance is strong, and yield is high, and potato block is nutritious, quality better.
The applicant has done a large amount of planting experiment in process of the test, existing by as follows for part test arrangement:
2013-2015, carries out in Bobai County company Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae proving ground, Beiliu City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region producing examination
Testing, test sets 4 test group altogether, often processes 30 square meters.
1st group: use the planting type of the embodiment of the present invention 2；
2nd group: when site preparation and fertilization, in soil apply manganese fertilizer equivalent manganese sulfate replace, other processing modes with
1st group identical；
3rd group: when site preparation and fertilization, the manganese sulfate of the manganese fertilizer equivalent applied in soil replaces, and having as base manure
Machine fertilizer uses common barnyard manure；Other processing modes are identical with the 1st group；
4th group: tie the potato phase Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, not using rich manganese nutrition liquid to spray blade face, other processing modes are identical with the 1st group；
Observing and record growth of sweet potato situation in planting process, statistics yield also changes into per mu yield, after Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae maturation
Plucking, after drying, sample presentation carries out Fe content detection, and result statistics is as shown in table 1 below.
Table 1 yield of sweet potato and Fe content result
| Packet | Yield (kg/ mu) | Manganese content (mg/kg) |
| 1st group | 5135 | 0.89 |
| 2nd group | 5012 | 0.65 |
| 3rd group | 4580 | 0.68 |
| 4th group | 5098 | 0.78 |
From the results shown in Table 1, second group of manganese fertilizer used is different from the present invention, although Fe content is than general kind
Plant method much higher, but significantly lower than first group, it may be possible to manganese sulfate did not entered process, at a large amount of manganese of growth of sweet potato early stage by potato
Leaf absorbs.Use common barnyard manure due to base manure, the yield of Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae is had considerable influence for 3rd group；Potato is tied for 4th group Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae
Phase does not sprays rich manganese nutrition, its Fe content is also few than first group 0.11mg/kg.
Described above is the detailed description for the preferable possible embodiments of the present invention, but embodiment is not limited to this
Bright patent claim, the equal change completed under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention or modification change, all should belong to
In the contained the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the cultural method of a rich manganese Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) growing seedling in hotbed: dug seedbed, every 10m on seedbed2Become thoroughly decomposed straw, 10-with give up dreg, 20-30kg of 4-5kg Lentinus Edodes
12kg cottonseed cake, 30-50kg filter mud of sugar refinery are mixed thoroughly with soil, the sweet potato variety that selection adaptation is wide, disease resistance is strong, choose strong
Strong, potato block without scab, with seeding after immersion 6-10 minute of sterilizing, earth backing after seeding, makes potato seed not expose, then takes shed and cover
Film is incubated；When potato Seedling length is to 6-7 leaf, take off film seedling exercising, rattan can be cut after 3-5 days seedling exercising and plant；
(2) site preparation and fertilization: 3-5 month before transplanting, selects sandy soil sunny, that irrigation is convenient, soil layer is deep
More than plot, and content of organic matter 20g/kg, pH value is 6-7, is exposed to the sun after soil deep tillage 36-38cm, and the time of being exposed to the sun is 20-35
My god；Then carry out second time to plough deeply, in soil, when ploughing deeply, admix plant ash and the mixture of modified manganese carbonate, every mu of plant ash
Consumption is 30-50kg, and modified manganese carbonate consumption is 2-3kg, more naturally places 10-20 days；Soil was executed in 5-20 days before planting
Base manure；The amount of application of base manure is every mu of organic fertilizer 1600-1800kg, dalcium biphosphate 2-4kg, carbamide 8-10kg；Basal dressing
Rear ridging, row spacing 0.8-1.2 rice, ridge height 20-30cm；
Modified manganese carbonate is prepared by the following method: be heated to manganese carbonate melted after, in every 100 weight portion manganese carbonates, add 2-
3 weight portion silicone oil, the attapulgite of 3-4 weight portion, the chitosan of 4-5 weight portion, 1-2 weight portion sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.2-0.3
The NPE of weight portion, is uniformly mixed, and then pelletize obtains modified manganese carbonate；
(3) potato transplantation of seedlings；At the potato rattan that seedbed clip is healthy and strong, 4-5 joint of every potato rattan, ground moistening after lower saturating rain during clip
Shi Jinhang transplants, and potato rattan vertically buries 2-3 joint, exposes 1-2 joint, and mu inserts 5000-6000 strain；Potato rattan is observed after planting and survives feelings
Condition, reseeds in time；
(4) field management: potato rattan plant after the 10-15 days, every mu imposes compound fertilizer 15-20kg；The potato phase is tied, with rich manganese Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae
Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae blade face is sprayed by nutritional solution, sprays every 5-7 days 1 time, and spray 3-5 time, squirts to all blades the wettest every time altogether
Till Tou；
(5) gather.
The cultural method of a kind of rich manganese Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described sweet potato variety is Henan potato
King.
The cultural method of a kind of rich manganese Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: having in described step (2)
Machine fertilizer by weight, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: pig manure 200-300 part, straw 100--120 part, EM bacterium solution 5-
10 parts, Paligorskite powder 50-60 part, cutting offals 30-50 part, furfural dregs 50-60 part, potter's clay 30-45 part, sodium pyrophosphate 12-
16 parts, megasse 10-25 part, filter mud of sugar refinery 40-50 part.
The cultural method of a kind of rich manganese Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: disappearing in described step (1)
Venom by weight, is to be become by the mixed raw material of following weight portion: ethanol 150-180 part of 30vol%, jasmonic 1-2
Part, fluorine pyrrole urea 1-2 part, triacontanol 2-3 part, potassium molybdate 2-3 part, sodium alginate 1-2 part.
The cultural method of a kind of rich manganese Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described rich manganese nutrition liquid be by
The mixed raw material of following weight portion becomes: chelating amino acids manganese 2-3 part, mushroom ground-slag 5-8 part, this 0.2-0.4 part of pik, bamboo charcoal powder
2-3 part, Fructus Zanthoxyli Plansipini powder 3-4 part, aminoacid potassium sulfonate 5-8 part, Punica granatum L. corium farinosum 6-9 part, Radix Clematidis 0.1-0.2 part, water 200-300
Part.
The cultural method of a kind of rich manganese Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described fertilizer is by following
Method is made: first pig manure, Paligorskite powder, cutting offals, furfural dregs, potter's clay, sodium pyrophosphate, megasse are turned all
Even mixing raw material, completes thin film more on the ground, and it is 80wt.% that straw water squirts regulation water content, EM bacterium solution is used
The water dilution of 10 times amount；Then according to paving one layer mixing raw material, spreading one layer of straw, the order spraying one layer of EM bacterium solution diluent is handed over
For completing raw material, the most alternately repave one layer of mixing raw material after 5-6 time and form fertile heap, then seal at fertile heap surface smear filter mud of sugar refinery
Live fertile heap, on fertile heap, finally beat the air-vent of several a diameter of 2-5cm, after fermenting 15-20 days, i.e. obtain described fertilizer.
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| CN108567108A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-09-25 | 广东日可威富硒食品有限公司 | One kind is enriched blood Noodles with Vegetables of being healthy and strong |
| CN109315251A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-12 | 吴志明 | The method for planting yampi |
| CN111713357A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-09-29 | 紫云自治县紫香源农林科技有限责任公司 | Sweet potato planting method suitable for elevation dam area in Guizhou |
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