CN105850690A - Dendrobium officinale culture medium - Google Patents
Dendrobium officinale culture medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN105850690A CN105850690A CN201610481293.9A CN201610481293A CN105850690A CN 105850690 A CN105850690 A CN 105850690A CN 201610481293 A CN201610481293 A CN 201610481293A CN 105850690 A CN105850690 A CN 105850690A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural plantation, in particular to a dendrobium officinale culture medium. The medium comprises pine barks and waterweeds; by a special fermentation process of the pine barks, fertility loss along with water when watering is performed after fertilization is avoided, nutrients in the culture medium can be kept in a long time, growth of dendrobium officinale root systems is benefited, and topdressing frequency and usage amount are reduced; after fermentation, the pine barks contain abundant beneficial microorganisms and bioactive substances with a plant growth promotion function and a disease and insect control function. By adoption of the culture medium for transplantation of dendrobium officinale tissue culture seedlings, the survival rate is high after transplantation and reaches above 85%, quickness in growth is realized, and transplanted dendrobium officinale is in good growth conditions in a later stage, measured data of bud amount, plant height, stem thickness and root quantity of dendrobium officinale planted with the culture medium are superior to those of dendrobium officinale planted with other media, and occurrence rate of pest and disease damages is evidently decreased.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology field, be specifically related to a kind of dendrobium officinale culture medium.
[background technology]
Herba Dendrobii (Dendrobium nobile lind Wall ex Landl). also known as Herba hedyotis costatae, for the orchid family Dendrobium Sw,
It is a kind of rare Chinese medicine, among the people is commonly called as Herba mesonae chinensis of saving somebody's life.It is listed in " first of China's nine big Herba mesonae chinensis " to there is nourishing YIN and clearing away heat, promote the production of body fluid
Stomach reinforcing, relieving cough and moistening lung, the improving eyesight that wets one's whistle, raising immune function of human body, anti-curing oncoma and cardiovascular disease and improvement are slept, are prevented
Control the effect such as cataract, life lengthening.Owing to Herba Dendrobii natural propagation power is low, seed demand and mycosymbiosis could be sprouted,
Plus excavating for a long time, wreck because of forest again, the deterioration of the ecological environment so that dendrobium officinale resource day by day rareness is the most withered
Exhaust and be in endangered condition.
Being mainly distributed on the provinces such as Yunnan, Anhui, Guizhou, Guangxi, Zhejiang, Guangdong at home, also there is distribution in Tibet.It is to life
State environmental requirement is strict, moss-covered of growing nonparasitically upon another plant in the border rock or woods of height above sea level 2100～2500m, climbs full wild rattan, diameter more
On thick broad leaf tree, the environment that happiness is shady and cool, moistening, usual and lichens, fern and moss alternate.Herba Dendrobii is perennial
Grow nonparasitically upon another plant herbaceous plant, and stem is upright, cylindrical, very thin, and long 4～50cm, diameter 0.2～0.4cm, internode length 1～6cm, have longitudinal grin,
More piece, steel gray or celadon, have obvious gloss and the trifle of taupe, therefore have again the title of Herba hedyotis costatae.Herba Dendrobii is mended as one
Benefit Chinese herbal medicine, improves the survival rate of medical material, with high-quality, efficiently, low consumption, plant Herba Dendrobii, meet market demands.
Relevant information shows that different substrate plantation Herba Dendrobii survival rates differs widely, therefore when artificial culture Herba Dendrobii, cultivation base
The selection of matter is most important.At present, the main cobblestone of the substrate culture of Herba Dendrobii, sphagna, Cortex Pini, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae.China
Some scientific research institutions and business unit trains the group of orchid Herba Dendrobii and artificial cultivation technique is constantly explored and tries
Testing, achieve certain achievement, but remain at Herba Dendrobii transplanting survival rate low, the speed of growth is slow, and yield is the highest, effectively becomes
Divide the subject matters such as content is low.
[summary of the invention]
It is an object of the invention to provide survival rate height after a kind of candidum tissue culturing seedling is transplanted, well developed root system, new Tip density many,
The dendrobium officinale culture medium that growth is fast, yield is high, the effective medicinal ingredient of Herba Dendrobii utilizing this cultivation matrix to plant out contains
Measure basically identical with dendrobium officinale, medical value is high, does not use chemical pesticide, pest and disease damage incidence rate few in planting process.
The present invention seeks to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of dendrobium officinale culture medium, described substrate includes Cortex Pini, pasture and water；
Wherein, the process technique of Cortex Pini is:
(1) Cortex Pini is ground into the particulate mass that particle diameter is 0.6～0.8cm；
(2) Cortex Pini after previous step being processed is put in the saturated Calx water of clarification, soaks 10～12h,；
(3) pull out and put in clear water reserviors, constantly stir, soak 2～3h and pull out；
(4) repeat previous step 2～3 times, pull out and drain away the water；
(5) Cortex Pini/EM bacterium stock solution=50:1 weighs Cortex Pini and EM bacterium stock solution in mass ratio, then weighs Cortex Pini quality
10% glycerol, the defatted milk powder of 5%, add in the water of gross weight 6 both it～9 times by glycerol and defatted milk powder, stirring and dissolving,
Prepare nutritional solution, EM bacterium solution is made in EM bacterium stock solution dilution 5～10 times, prepared nutritional solution is mixed with EM bacterium solution, then
It is sprayed on Cortex Pini, sprays and turn, it is ensured that spray uniformly, heat-preservation fermentation 15～20 days；
The process technique of pasture and water is: dried by fresh pasture and water, is then cut into the length segment less than or equal to 1.0cm,.
Preferably, the Cortex Pini of described dendrobium officinale culture medium is 4～7:1 with the mass ratio of pasture and water；Especially, Cortex Pini with
The mass ratio of pasture and water is 5:1.
Preferably, types of spawn and the ratio of described EM bacterium stock solution is lactic acid bacteria: bacillus subtilis: photosynthetic bacteria: yeast
=3:2:2:1.
Preferably, the moisture after described pasture and water are dried is not higher than 14%.
Preferably, in step (5), the temperature of heat-preservation fermentation controls at 32～40 DEG C.
In the process technique of Cortex Pini, after Cortex Pini heat-preservation fermentation, weigh by the mass percent of Cortex Pini: 1% magnesium sulfate, 2%
Ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 5% carbamide, 1.5% calcium phosphate, 2% iron sulfate, by Cortex Pini and magnesium sulfate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, carbamide, calcium phosphate,
Iron sulfate mix homogeneously, heap is in heaps, surface cover film, seals heap 5～6 days, and then spreading out dries in the air 2～3 days re-uses.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, after tissue cultured seedling is transplanted, survival rate is high, can reach more than 85%, and growth is fast, the Herba Dendrobii late growing stage situation after transplanting
Well, good than plant by other substrate including rudiment number, plant height, stem measurement data thick, radical, pest and disease damage incidence rate
Substantially reduce.
2, the present invention enough technique of special handling to Cortex Pini, waters after having reached fertilising, and fertility is not easy to outflow with water, permissible
Keep the nutrient substance in cultivation matrix for a long time, be very beneficial for the growth of Herba Dendrobii root system, and minimizing is topdressed number of times and makes
Consumption.And after fermented, Cortex Pini contain abundant beneficial microbe and plant growing is had facilitation and controlling disease
The bioactive substance of worm effect.
Present invention simultaneously provides a kind of method utilizing above-mentioned cultivation matrix plantation Herba Dendrobii, the method comprises the following steps:
A. selection of land: select the four seasons gentle, ventilated, illumination is suitable, and rainfall is abundant, and irrigation water water quality is good, free of contamination
Local as growing area；
B, preparing nursery bed: build booth, ceiling covered with plastic film, the most again coverage shading degree 70～the screening of 80%
Shady net, is provided with seedbed in canopy, seedbed is liftoff 0.4m, wide 3m, long 21.0m, is spaced 50～60cm between seedbed furrow and furrow
Walkway, bottom surface, seedbed plastic wire is made, and first spreads one layer 1～2cm thick cobblestone, described goose ovum on plastic wire
The particle diameter of stone is 0.3～1.8cm, then spreads the thick cultivation matrix of 8cm, waters permeable standby；
C, transplanting: selecting 5～8cm high healthy and strong candidum tissue culturing seedlings to transplant, tissue cultured seedling sprays 1～2 ‰ before transplanting
Thiophanate methyl aqueous solution carries out disinfection sterilizing, takes out gently after blade face moisture is dry from tissue culture bottle, cleans candidum tissue culturing
After nutritional solution on Seedling, room temperature dries in the air and puts 5～6 hours, opens cave by seeding row spacing 15 × 20cm and is transplanted to seedbed by tissue cultured seedling, 3～4
Strain is a cave, makes root system naturally unfold during field planting, cultivation matrix is covered root and is advisable, and carries Seedling gently, makes the shoot root system can be with cultivation
Training substrate is fully contacted, and waters and determines root water, irrigate with substrate and be as the criterion after transplanting；
D, watering: use and spray mode, timing spraying every day 1～3 time after transplanting, humidity is maintained at 70～80%, treats new root
Spray timings is gradually decreased after growing, 1～5～6 days March 1 time, 3～3～4 days June 1 time, 6～JIUYUE 2～3
It 1 time, 9～December 3～4 days 1 time；
E, fertilising: need not apply fertilizer in transplanting latter 6 months, execute and once topdress for the most every 3 months, described in topdress by Oil-tea-cake powder,
Bean cake cake powder, sugar mud, silkworm faeces, chicken manure weigh each raw material by weight 10:20:5:5:8 ratio, pour in fermentation vat, add
Biogas slurry stirs evenly, and biogas slurry face exceeds 20～25cm, cover film, can be prepared by heat-insulation soaking 3～April using, dilute during use 500～
600 times, discharge with spray pattern；
F, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: within every 3 months, spraying with antibacterial and carry out foliar control, antibacterial is Folium seu Cortex Nerii: pomelo peel: water is pressed
After weight ratio 1:50:200 weighs, pomelo peel is put into heated and boiled 30min in water, then adds Folium seu Cortex Nerii, continue to boil
Boil 5～10 minutes, flame-out, cross leaching filtrate after natural cooling, filtrate dilutes 5～10 times and is the antibacterial sprayed；
G, Temperature and Humidity Control: ensure that canopy temperature is maintained at 20～25 DEG C daytime, night 16～22 DEG C, humid control 70%～
80%, general 12～can gather for 14 months.
Preferably, described biogas slurry is produced by soft methane tank fermentation.
The beneficial effect of this implantation methods: the effective pharmaceutical ingredient content of Herba Dendrobii utilizing this cultivation matrix to plant out is with wild
Herba Dendrobii is basically identical, medical value is high, does not use chemical pesticide in planting process, and edible safety is higher, and pest and disease damage is sent out
Raw rate is few, and yield is high, and Herba Dendrobii is longer 1～2 year than plant with other substrate and implantation methods for collection period.
Cane mill's crushing sugar cane, in addition to producing the major product such as white sugar and brown sugar (Saccharum Sinensis Roxb.), also bagasse, useless sugar mud close, sugared and lower margin
Material, sugar mud accounts for squeezing the 2% of total amount.Sugar mud main component be debris, phat fat, protein, mineral and on a small quantity sugar
Part, and as the nutrition of Crop, it can be carried out activation processing containing N P and K etc. is multiple so that it is in Organic substance
Matter is recombinated humification further, just becomes efficiently, the new bio-fertilizer of safety, high-quality, and meet organic, green agriculture raw
Produce and need.
Biogas slurry, mostly is the animal wastes such as cattle manure, rabbit excrement, chicken manure and forms with other foreign material mixed fermentations, tasteless after fermentation, and sends out
Fertilizer efficiency after ferment, is more than 10 times of general chemistry synthetic fertilizer.Water quality characteristic is easily absorbed by plants, and will not be as chemistry
Fertilizer is such, biogas slurry usage amount the most also will not burn seedlings, as the first-selected fertilizer of green ecological plantation, biogas slurry has: anthelmintic,
The fatality rate of effect of parasite killing, larva and worm's ovum is more than 90%, belongs to green biological insecticidal agent.
Biogas slurry contains the nutrient of various plants growth, abundant aminoacid and various growth hormone, vitamin etc..Biogas slurry is people
Widely known a kind of quick-acting and the long-lasting bio-organic fertilizer having both.Can not only fertilizer for replacing chemical completely, still produce organic
The optimal fertilizer of food.In biogas slurry containing abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, each amino acid, vitamin, protein, gibberellins,
Auxin, saccharide, nucleic acid and antibiotic etc., and butanoic acid, heteroauxing, vitamin B12 isoreactivity resisting substance.Cause
This has the dual function promoting that plant growth and control disease occur.
Soft methane tank, uses biological engineering means, finds out the biogas slurry biofermentation technique of a set of original creation, and produced is pure micro-
Biological inoculum, environment friendly and pollution-free, operating cost is low, and floor space is little, less energy consumption.Before fermentation vat, fowl and animal excrement passes through
1 or 2 precipitation, and under microorganism fungus kind effect, carry out predecomposition, forming fermenation raw liquid, fermenation raw liquid flows into software natural pond
Gas fermentation vat ferments generation biogas further.So animal wastes and other foreign material will not enter fermentation vat, and the biogas slurry of production is very
Limpid clean, free from admixture.
Oil-tea-cake also known as tea seed cake, is the surplus materials after Semen Camelliae oil expression, containing 15～the oil tea saponin of 20% in Oil-tea-cake, belongs to
In Triterpene saponins.Saponin itself, in addition to having good insecticidal action, also has emulsifying, the moistening and function of foaming, molten
Yu Shuihou, can produce persistent foam, carrys out emulsifying pesticide with it, and former medicine can be made to adhere at animal body surface, by dissolving tallow
Class protection and priming enters in animal body, dissolve its blood cell so that organism physiological disorders, oxygen supply is obstructed and causes
Not enough and dead, so it is good insecticide, it is again good to lead medicament.
Compared with prior art, the implantation methods of the present invention has the advantages that
1, the present invention uses homemade topdressing to spray, and the not only base of leaf that plantation processes is plump, and faster, pest and disease damage is less in growth,
Various nutrition content are higher, and pest and disease damage incidence rate is decreased obviously, and not only reduces cost, also improves Herba Dendrobii
Edible safety.
2, use this method plantation Herba Dendrobii, 12 can be realized～gather for 14 months, the plantation various nutrition of Herba Dendrobii out
Content is higher, and its medicinal effects is suitable with wild Dendrodium.
3. the whole planting process of the present invention uses homemade natural plants antibacterial, do not use pesticide, just can effectively prevent and treat Herba Dendrobii
Various pest and disease damages, the Herba Dendrobii produced, without pesticide, without hormone and without chemical drugs pollute, pure natural, best in quality,
Free from extraneous odour.
[detailed description of the invention]
The following examples can help those skilled in the art that the present invention is more fully understood, but cannot limit by any way
The present invention processed.
The dendrobium officinale culture medium of the present invention, including Cortex Pini, pasture and water, Cortex Pini and pasture and water after 5:1 mixes in mass ratio i.e.
Preparing, wherein, the process technique of Cortex Pini is:
(1) Cortex Pini is ground into the particulate mass that particle diameter is 0.6～0.8cm；
(2) Cortex Pini after previous step being processed is put in the saturated Calx water of clarification, soaks 10～12h,；
(3) pull out and put in clear water reserviors, constantly stir, soak 2～3h and pull out；
(4) repeat previous step 2～3 times, pull out and drain away the water；
(5) Cortex Pini/EM bacterium stock solution=50:1 weighs Cortex Pini and EM bacterium stock solution, the species composition of EM bacterium stock solution in mass ratio
It is lactic acid bacteria with ratio: bacillus subtilis: photosynthetic bacteria: yeast=3:2:2:1；Weigh again Cortex Pini quality 10% glycerol,
The defatted milk powder of 5%, adds in the water of gross weight 6 both it～9 times by glycerol and defatted milk powder, and stirring and dissolving prepares nutritional solution,
EM bacterium solution is made in EM bacterium stock solution dilution 5～10 times, prepared nutritional solution is mixed with EM bacterium solution, is then sprayed at Cortex Pini
On, spray and turn, it is ensured that spraying uniformly, heat-preservation fermentation 15～20 days, temperature controls at 32～40 DEG C；
The process technique of pasture and water is: being dried by fresh pasture and water, moisture is not higher than 14%, is then cut into length less than or equal to 1.0cm
Segment,.
Contrast test is carried out with 4 kinds of different substrate of dendrobium officinale culture medium (Cortex Pini+pasture and water) and other of the present invention, its
He is respectively Cortex Pini, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae+pasture and water, pasture and water at 4 kinds of substrate, and the candidum tissue culturing seedling transplanted is carried out 30
The hole tray of dish is cultivated, and uses randomized block design, repeats for 6 times, and the most each substrate is provided with 6 and cultivates hole tray, and stromal thickness is united
One is 8 centimetres, and growth selection grows consistent candidum tissue culturing seedling, transplants in the same time and carries out to 5 kinds of different substrates
Cultivate, research candidum tissue culturing seedling transplanting survival rate and late growing stage situation.
Process of the test
Test is carried out in warmhouse booth, seedbed is liftoff 0.4m, wide 3m, long 21.0m.Pine bark and Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae substrate need
Using after identical fermentation technology processes, other 2 kinds of substrate do not process, and candidum tissue culturing seedling is transplanted to hole tray by unification
In, 3～4 strains are a cave.The root system making tissue cultured seedling during field planting is unfolded naturally, substrate is covered root and is advisable, and carries Seedling gently, makes
Shoot root system can be fully contacted with substrate, waters and determine root water after transplanting, irrigates with substrate and is as the criterion.Timing spraying 1～3 time every day, humidity
It is maintained at 70～about 80%%.Spray timings is gradually decreased after new root length goes out.
Observation project and assay method
Select 6 clumps of Herba Dendrobii Seedlings to carry out ocean weather station observation in every kind of substrate, observe its survival rate, germination rate, plant height, stem thick 4
Item index.After transplanting, 30d and 160d adds up survival rate respectively.All blades are all withered is calculated as death without what sprouting sprouted.Due to
Herba Dendrobii is raw then to bind (stopping growing) in the winter time, and Herba Dendrobii again germinates sprouting from basal part of stem, and therefore rudiment amount presses base
The bud of tissue regeneration promoting then that portion sprouts calculates；After transplanting, 90d, 120d and 160d measure plant height respectively, with in one-point measurement clump
High sprouting stem is as the criterion, and measures top tip base portion from collar part, and stem is slightly with the highest sprouting in 160d one-point measurement clump after transplanting
The thickest position of stem is as the criterion；Radical is with most being as the criterion of radical in 160d one-point measurement clump after transplanting.
Result and analysis
The different substrates impact on candidum tissue culturing seedling transplanting survival rate
As shown in Table 1, the candidum tissue culturing seedling transplanting survival rate of Cortex Pini+pasture and water substrate plantation apparently higher than Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae+pasture and water,
Cortex Pini, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae and pasture and water substrate, the candidum tissue culturing seedling transplanting survival rate of pasture and water substrate plantation is minimum, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae+pasture and water
Substrate plantation Herba Dendrobii is only second to Cortex Pini+pasture and water, Cortex Pini and the candidum tissue culturing seedling transplant survival of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae substrate plantation
Rate is more or less the same, between Cortex Pini+pasture and water, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae+between pasture and water substrate and pasture and water substrate.
The candidum tissue culturing seedling survival rate of table 1 different substrates plantation
The different substrates impact on candidum tissue culturing seedling transplanting late growing stage:
1. the different substrates impact on candidum tissue culturing seedling rudiment
As shown in Table 2, the impact of different substrates Tip density new on candidum tissue culturing seedling is bigger.Wherein, Cortex Pini+pasture and water base
The Herba Dendrobii average rudiment quantity of matter plantation is most, reaches 12.4；Secondly it is Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae+pasture and water substrate, is 10.6；Flower
The Herba Dendrobii average rudiment quantity of raw conchiolin plantation is 8.9；The Herba Dendrobii average rudiment quantity of Pine bark plantation
It it is 8.3；The Herba Dendrobii sprouting germinative number of pasture and water substrate plantation is the most on the low side.Illustrate that Cortex Pini+pasture and water substrate may advantageously facilitate
The sprouting of candidum tissue culturing seedling, next to that Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae+pasture and water substrate, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae substrate and Pine bark, pasture and water substrate is unfavorable
Sprouting in candidum tissue culturing seedling.
The impact on candidum tissue culturing seedling upgrowth situation of table 2 different substrates
2. the different substrates impact on candidum tissue culturing seedling plant height
Plant height is that Growth of Dendrobium candidum situation the most directly reflects.As shown in Table 2, the Herba Dendrobii of Cortex Pini+pasture and water substrate plantation
Tissue cultured seedling is the highest；The Herba Dendrobii of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae+pasture and water substrate plantation only takes second place；Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae substrate and the iron sheet of Pine bark plantation
Dendrobe tissue culture Seedling is third；The candidum tissue culturing seedling plant height of pasture and water substrate plantation is minimum.Illustrate that Cortex Pini+pasture and water substrate compares it
His 4 kinds of substrate are more beneficial for the growth of candidum tissue culturing seedling.
3. different substrates is on the thick impact of candidum tissue culturing seedling stem
Stem is slightly often as the investigation instruction of Growth of Dendrobium candidum situation.As shown in Table 2, the iron sheet of Cortex Pini+pasture and water substrate plantation
Dendrobe tissue culture Seedling stem is the thickest；The Herba Dendrobii stem of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae+pasture and water substrate plantation the most only takes second place；Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae substrate and pinaster scytoblastema
The Herba Dendrobii stem of matter plantation is thick third；The Herba Dendrobii stem of pasture and water substrate plantation is the most minimum.Cortex Pini+pasture and water substrate ratio is described
Relatively other 4 kinds of substrate are more beneficial for the growth of Herba Dendrobii.
4. the different substrates impact on candidum tissue culturing seedling radical
The number of tissue cultured seedling radical more can reflect nutriture and the Herba Dendrobii adaptability to culture matrix of culture matrix.By
Table 2 understands, different substrates plantation how tree root number is different.Wherein, the Herba Dendrobii of Cortex Pini+pasture and water substrate plantation is taken root number
At most；Taking root of the Herba Dendrobii of pasture and water substrate plantation is several minimum；Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae+pasture and water substrate is only second to Cortex Pini+pasture and water substrate；
Candidum tissue culturing seedling under the conditions of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae substrate and Pine bark is taken root for counting and is more or less the same, and number of taking root is between Cortex Pini+pasture and water
Substrate, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae+between pasture and water substrate and pasture and water substrate.Illustrate that Cortex Pini+pasture and water substrate compares other 4 kinds of substrate and is more beneficial for
The growth of candidum tissue culturing seedling.
Discussion of results
Candidum tissue culturing seedling transplanting survival rate and late growing stage amount are the key factors of large-scale production success or not.Test shows,
Pine bark, because having good breathability and moisture holding capacity, is breathed freely with the happiness of the orchid family plant, is liked dark and damp growth characteristics and be consistent,
It is more suitable for the cultivation of Herba Dendrobii.Cortex Pini in test+pasture and water substrate has good breathability and water conservation moisture holding capacity, can be ferrum
The growth of skin dendrobe tissue culture Seedling provides better growing conditions, and its root environment provided makes the survival rate of candidum tissue culturing seedling carry
Height, and the later stage how upgrowth situation include that germination rate, plant height, stem be thick and the indices such as radical is in 5 kinds of main matrix
It is optimal, is that good substrate selects in actual production.
Pasture and water substrate is worst in the every Testing index in 5 kinds of test matrix, this is owing to its humidity is excessive, easily leads
Causing butt rot, idiotrophic component content is low, the most not fertilizer conservation, although breathability is preferable, but blames as culture medium alone
To meet the good matrix condition of Herba Dendrobii requirement.
Being only second to Cortex Pini+pasture and water substrate in Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae+pasture and water substrate every Testing index in test, this is owing to it has
Good breathability and moisture holding capacity, can provide better growing conditions for the growth of candidum tissue culturing seedling, its root provided
Environment makes the survival rate of candidum tissue culturing seedling improve, and idiotrophic component content is higher, can be the life of candidum tissue culturing seedling
Long offer better growing conditions.
Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae substrate and Pine bark indices in test all very close to, and no significant difference, illustrates both bases
The impact of confrontation Growth of Dendrobium candidum is basically identical, it is adaptable to the cultivation of candidum tissue culturing seedling.But, in result of the test two kinds
The indices of substrate is below Cortex Pini+pasture and water substrate and Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae+pasture and water substrate, it may be possible to due to both substrate itself
Nutrient content and water permeability relatively Cortex Pini+pasture and water substrate and Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae+pasture and water are poor.
This test, with Cortex Pini, Cortex Pini+pasture and water, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae+pasture and water, pasture and water as substrate, studies different substrates pair
The impact of Growth of Dendrobium candidum, result of study shows, Cortex Pini+pasture and water substrate is most suitably used substrate.
The method using the cultivation matrix of the present invention to carry out Herba Dendrobii plantation, comprises the following steps:
A. selection of land: select the four seasons gentle, ventilated, illumination is suitable, and rainfall is abundant, and irrigation water water quality is good, free of contamination
Local as growing area；
B, preparing nursery bed: build booth, ceiling covered with plastic film, the most again coverage shading degree 70～the screening of 80%
Shady net, is provided with seedbed in canopy, seedbed is liftoff 0.4m, wide 3m, long 21.0m, is spaced 50～60cm between seedbed furrow and furrow
Walkway, bottom surface, seedbed plastic wire is made, and first spreads one layer 1～2cm thick cobblestone, described goose ovum on plastic wire
The particle diameter 0.3～1.8cm of stone, then spreads the thick substrate of 8cm, waters permeable standby；
C, transplanting: selecting 5～8cm high healthy and strong candidum tissue culturing seedlings to transplant, tissue cultured seedling sprays 1～2 ‰ before transplanting
Thiophanate methyl aqueous solution carries out disinfection sterilizing, takes out gently after blade face moisture is dry from tissue culture bottle, cleans candidum tissue culturing
After nutritional solution on Seedling, room temperature dries in the air and puts 5～6 hours, opens cave by seeding row spacing 15 × 20cm and is transplanted to seedbed by tissue cultured seedling, 3～4
Strain is a cave, makes root system naturally unfold during field planting, substrate is covered root and is advisable, and carries Seedling gently, makes shoot root system can fill with substrate
Tap is touched, and waters and determines root water, irrigate with substrate and be as the criterion after transplanting；
D, watering: use and spray mode, timing spraying every day 1～3 time after transplanting, humidity is maintained at 70～80%, treats new root
Spray timings is gradually decreased after growing, 1～5～6 days March 1 time, 3～3～4 days June 1 time, 6～JIUYUE 2～3
It 1 time, 9～December 3～4 days 1 time；
E, fertilising: need not apply fertilizer in transplanting latter 6 months, execute and once topdress for the most every 3 months, described in topdress by Oil-tea-cake powder,
Bean cake cake powder, sugar mud, silkworm faeces, chicken manure weigh each raw material by weight 10:20:5:5:8 ratio, pour in fermentation vat, add
Biogas slurry stirs evenly, and biogas slurry face exceeds 20～25cm, and cover film can use in heat-insulation soaking 3～April, dilute during use 500～
600 times, discharge with spray pattern；Described biogas slurry is produced by soft methane tank fermentation；
F, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: per March sprays with antibacterial and carries out foliar control, and antibacterial is Folium seu Cortex Nerii: pomelo peel: water is by weight
Amount ratio 1:50:200, after weighing, puts into pomelo peel heated and boiled 30min in water, then adds Folium seu Cortex Nerii, continue to boil
5～10 minutes, flame-out, cross leaching filtrate after natural cooling, filtrate dilutes 5～10 times and is the antibacterial sprayed；
G, Temperature and Humidity Control: ensure that canopy temperature is maintained at 20～25 DEG C daytime, night 16～22 DEG C, humid control 70%～
80%, general 12～can gather for 14 months.
Although, the present invention is described in detail the most with a general description of the specific embodiments, but in the present invention
On the basis of, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, not
Deviate these modifications or improvements on the basis of spirit of the present invention, belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a dendrobium officinale culture medium, it is characterised in that described substrate includes Cortex Pini, pasture and water；
Wherein, the process technique of Cortex Pini is:
(1) Cortex Pini is ground into the particulate mass that particle diameter is 0.6～0.8cm；
(2) put in the saturated Calx water of clarification, soak 10～12h；
(3) Cortex Pini after previous step being processed is pulled out and is put in clear water reserviors, constantly stirs, and soaks 2～3h and pulls out；
(4) repeat previous step 2～3 times, pull out and drain away the water；
(5) Cortex Pini/EM bacterium stock solution=50:1 weighs Cortex Pini and EM bacterium stock solution in mass ratio, then weighs Cortex Pini quality
10% glycerol, the defatted milk powder of 5%, add in the water of the two gross weight 6～9 times by glycerol and defatted milk powder, stirring and dissolving, system
Obtain nutritional solution, EM bacterium solution is made in EM bacterium stock solution dilution 5～10 times, prepared nutritional solution is mixed with EM bacterium solution, then sprays
It is sprinkled upon on Cortex Pini, sprays and turn Cortex Pini, it is ensured that spray uniformly, heat-preservation fermentation 15～20 days；
The process technique of pasture and water is: dried by fresh pasture and water, is then cut into the length segment less than or equal to 1.0cm,.
A kind of dendrobium officinale culture medium the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Cortex Pini and the mass ratio of pasture and water
It is 4～7:1.
A kind of dendrobium officinale culture medium the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that Cortex Pini and the mass ratio of pasture and water
For 5:1.
A kind of dendrobium officinale culture medium the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the strain of described EM bacterium stock solution
Type and ratio are lactic acid bacteria: bacillus subtilis: photosynthetic bacteria: yeast=3:2:2:1.
A kind of dendrobium officinale culture medium the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described pasture and water dry after moisture
Not higher than 14%.
A kind of dendrobium officinale culture medium the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (5), insulation is sent out
The temperature of ferment controls between 32～40 DEG C.
A kind of dendrobium officinale culture medium the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the process technique of Cortex Pini,
After Cortex Pini heat-preservation fermentation, weigh by the mass percent of Cortex Pini: 1% magnesium sulfate, 2% ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 5% carbamide, 1.5% phosphorus
Acid calcium, 2% iron sulfate, mix homogeneously Cortex Pini with magnesium sulfate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, carbamide, calcium phosphate, iron sulfate, and heap is in heaps,
Surface cover film, seals heap 5～6 days, and then spreading out dries in the air 2～3 days re-uses.
8. the method for the cultivation matrix plantation Herba Dendrobii that a kind is applied described in claim 1 to 6 any one, it is characterised in that
Said method comprising the steps of:
A. selection of land: select the four seasons gentle, ventilated, illumination is suitable, and rainfall is abundant, and irrigation water water quality is good, free of contamination
Local as growing area；
B, preparing nursery bed: build booth, ceiling covered with plastic film, the most again coverage shading degree 70～the screening of 80%
Shady net, is provided with seedbed in canopy, seedbed is liftoff 0.4m, wide 3m, long 21.0m, is spaced 50～60cm between seedbed furrow and furrow
Walkway, bottom surface, seedbed plastic wire is made, and first spreads one layer 1～2cm thick cobblestone, described goose ovum on plastic wire
The particle diameter of stone is 0.3～1.8cm, then spreads the thick cultivation matrix of 8cm, waters permeable standby；
C, transplanting: selecting 5～8cm high healthy and strong candidum tissue culturing seedlings to transplant, tissue cultured seedling sprays 1～2 ‰ before transplanting
Thiophanate methyl aqueous solution carries out disinfection sterilizing, takes out gently after blade face moisture is dry from tissue culture bottle, cleans candidum tissue culturing
After nutritional solution on Seedling, room temperature dries in the air and puts 5～6 hours, opens cave by seeding row spacing 15 × 20cm and is transplanted to seedbed by tissue cultured seedling, 3～4
Strain is a cave, makes root system naturally unfold during field planting, cultivation matrix is covered root and is advisable, and carries Seedling gently, makes the shoot root system can be with cultivation
Training substrate is fully contacted, and waters and determines root water, irrigate with substrate and be as the criterion after transplanting；
D, watering: use and spray mode, timing spraying every day 1～3 time after transplanting, humidity is maintained at 70～80%, treats new root
Spray timings is gradually decreased after growing, 1～5～6 days March 1 time, 3～3～4 days June 1 time, 6～JIUYUE 2～3
It 1 time, 9～December 3～4 days 1 time；
E, fertilising: need not apply fertilizer in transplanting latter 6 months, execute and once topdress for the most every 3 months, described in topdress by Oil-tea-cake powder,
Bean cake cake powder, sugar mud, silkworm faeces, chicken manure weigh each raw material by weight 10:20:5:5:8 ratio, pour in fermentation vat, add
Biogas slurry stirs evenly, and biogas slurry face exceeds 20～25cm, cover film, can be prepared by heat-insulation soaking 3～April using, dilute during use 500～
600 times, discharge with spray pattern；
F, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: within every 3 months, spraying with antibacterial and carry out foliar control, antibacterial is Folium seu Cortex Nerii: pomelo peel: water is pressed
After weight ratio 1:50:200 weighs, pomelo peel is put into heated and boiled 30min in water, then adds Folium seu Cortex Nerii, continue to boil
Boil 5～10 minutes, flame-out, cross leaching filtrate after natural cooling, filtrate dilutes 5～10 times and is the antibacterial sprayed；
G, Temperature and Humidity Control: ensure that canopy temperature is maintained at 20～25 DEG C daytime, night 16～22 DEG C, humid control 70%～
80%, general 12～can gather for 14 months.
The method of plantation Herba Dendrobii the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described biogas slurry is sent out by soft methane tank
Ferment produces.
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| CN106359091A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-01 | 柳州市泓吉农业科技有限公司 | Culture medium for dendrobium officinale tissue culture seedling |
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| CN106718737A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 望江县通万向中药材种植专业合作社 | The implantation methods and its plantation process for preparing raw material of dendrobium candidum |
| CN107047258A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-08-18 | 时科生物科技（上海）有限公司 | A kind of stem of noble dendrobium plantation substrate |
| CN106966809A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-07-21 | 山东沃森农业科技有限公司 | A kind of insect prevention cultivation matrix tamed for candidum tissue culturing seedling |
| CN107624607A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-01-26 | 罗荣棋 | A kind of method of pine bark plantation dendrobium candidum |
| CN109691375A (en) * | 2019-02-11 | 2019-04-30 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of dendrobium officinale culture medium and its preparation method and application based on pecan shell |
| CN110150093A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-08-23 | 丽水学院 | A kind of compost and its application for improving polysaccharide content of dendrobium candidum |
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