CN105409745A - Planting method for dendrobium officinale - Google Patents
Planting method for dendrobium officinale Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, particularly a planting method for dendrobium officinale. The method comprises the steps of: preparing a seedbed; preparing a cultivation matrix; preparing flower pots; performing fixed planting; performing watering; performing fertilization; performing pest control; controlling temperature and humidity and the like. The planting method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that the survival rate of transplanted tissue culture seedlings reaches over 99%; by virtue of spraying biogas slurry, particular biogas slurry produced in a soft biogas pool, fermenting silkworm feces as top dressing and self-making a natural plant bactericide to prevent and treat plant diseases and insect pests, the produced dendrobium officinale is fleshy in leaf and stem, high in various nutritional components, quick to grow, high in yield and higher than wild dendrobium officinale in effective medicinal component content, and the occurrence rate of plant diseases and insect pests is obviously reduced, so that the cost is lowered, and the food safety of dendrobium officinale is improved. By adopting the method to plant dendrobium officinale, harvest within 14-16 months can be realized.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology field, be specifically related to a kind of implantation methods of dendrobium candidum.
[background technology]
Dendrobium candidum is listed in " first of Chinese nine immortal grass ", since the Tang and Song Dynasty, has been listed in royal tribute always.Dendrobium candidum is the first-selection of enriching yin, pre-preventing tumor, enhancing immunity of organisms, and be the best traditional Chinese medicine promoted the production of body fluid to quench thirst, have significant improvement result to the yin-deficiency constitution of the elderly, market prospects are very wide.Superfine pure Tiepi Fengdou price is per kilogram about 70,000 yuan.One-level dendrobium candidum maple bucket price per kilogram 30,000 yuan, and out of stock in spite of rising price, its output only has 4/10000ths of demand.Estimate that the output of dendrobium candidum is still difficult to the demand meeting market in 10 years.
From current market, dendrobium candidum finished product is commercially what supply falls short of demand.According to statistics, current whole stem of noble dendrobium market year asks total amount to be 8000 ~ 10000T, and increases progressively with the demand of 20% every year.And current manual to plant dendrobium candidum at the early-stage, domestic tens of listing Pharma Inc.s and health products manufacturer are to the increase of dendrobium candidum quantity required, also have some the profiteering business that drives by interests go deep into each place of production and search and order, thus result in dendrobium candidum resource wretched insufficiency.The dendrobium candidum that the whole nation produces also does not reach 200 tons, can not meet the market demand far away.Visible dendrobium candidum plantation industrial profit is considerable.
Wild Dendrodium growth is from life in warm, moistening, few illumination, suitably ventilative, root system is breathed freely, draining is good environment, and need to adhere to trees, precipice seam carries out climbing raw or hanging growth, and the growth of iron sheet is quite harsh to the requirement of environment.Because dendrobium officinale requires extremely harsh to natural ecological condition, natural propagation rate is extremely low again, excavates due to unordered in a large number, and as far back as eighties of last century the eighties, what dendrobium candidum was just classified as focused protection by country treasures Endangered Medicinal Herb.
Some scientific research institutions of China and business unit constantly explore the group training of orchid dendrobium candidum and artificial cultivation technique and test, achieve certain achievement, but remain at dendrobium candidum transplanting survival rate low, growth rate is slow, the subject matters such as output is not high, and active constituent content is low.
[summary of the invention]
The object of the invention is to the above-mentioned defect overcoming prior art, after providing a kind of plantlet in vitro to transplant, survival rate be high, growth is fast, high, the effective pharmaceutical ingredient content of output higher than dendrobium officinale, medical value is high, Pesticide use is few, few dendrobium candidum implantation methods occurs damage by disease and insect.
The present invention seeks to be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of implantation methods of dendrobium candidum, comprises the following steps:
A, preparing nursery bed: build booth, ceiling covered with plastic film, the shading screen of coverage shading degree 70 ~ 80% more on a plastic film, seedbed is provided with in canopy, seedbed is by the specification trench digging of dark 20 ~ 25cm, wide 40 ~ 50cm, and ditch centre-to-centre spacing is 130 ~ 140cm, and the white lime shop fixtures of 0.5 ~ 1cm is first used in seedbed, cover the mulch film of water penetration 70 ~ 80% again, for subsequent use;
The preparation of B, cultivation matrix: select pine bark as cultivation matrix, pulverize, remove impurity, thick matrix and thin matrix is sieved into by particle size, thick matrix particle diameter is 1 ~ 2cm, and thin matrix particle diameter is less than 1cm, and cultivation matrix is placed in disinfectant and soaks 10 ~ 20 days, pull out and dry in the air to half-dried, for subsequent use;
Preferably, soak the potassium permanganate solution that the disinfectant of cultivation matrix is concentration 0.5 ~ 1 ‰ or concentration be 50% the carbendazim aqueous solution or concentration be 1 ~ 2 ‰ the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution.
C, preparation flowerpot: the common brick fragment putting into 1 ~ 2cm bottom flowerpot, common brick fragment particle diameter is less than 0.8cm, then puts into the thick matrix of 8 ~ 10cm, then puts into the thin matrix of 2 ~ 3cm, waters permeable, for subsequent use;
Water imbibition, the water storage of common brick are very strong, pulverized and made fragment, be placed on bottom flowerpot, water permeable after, if run into dry weather or can not in time spray water time, its moisture stored will discharge, and steam, to the motion of upper strata cultivation matrix, can keep the water content of whole flowerpot cultivation matrix for a long time.Common brick for pulverizing is pending building waste, can propose a new road for such garbage disposal.
D, field planting: the healthy and strong candidum tissue culturing seedling of long 3 ~ 8cm is taken out gently from tissue culture bottle, after cleaning the nutrient solution on candidum tissue culturing seedling, normal temperature dries in the air and puts 18 ~ 24 hours, again the root of candidum tissue culturing seedling is put into the ABT root-growing agent libation at an ancient wedding ceremony of 50 ~ 100ppm once, preferably, No. ABT1, ABT root-growing agent or ABT3 root-inducing powder formulated; Be uniformly distributed 3 clumps by each flowerpot, the specification of every clump of 3 ~ 4 strains is colonizated in flowerpot, makes root system naturally unfold during field planting, matrix is covered root be advisable, carry seedling gently, shoot root system fully can be contacted with matrix, flowerpot after transplanting seedlings is placed on ready seedbed successively, waters sufficient normal root water;
ABT root-inducing powder is a kind of wide spectrum, efficient, compound plant growth regulator.ABT series root-inducing powder has supplemented with exogenous hormone and the double effects promoting that in plant corpus, endogenous hormones synthesizes, and thus can promote Adventitious root initiation, shorten rootage duration, and adventitious root primordia can be impelled to form tufted root system, takes root in fulminant.To so far, ABT root-inducing powder has researched and developed 10 kinds of models.ABT1 ~ No. 5 are alcoholic solvent, during preparation treatment fluid, should first dissolve with alcohol, after to add water preparation; No. ABT6, No. 7, No. 8, No. 10 is aqueous solvent, is modern, more a kind of green plant growth regulator of wide spectrum, and its new feature is can be directly water-soluble, uses No. 5 more convenient, more economical than ABT1 ~, is easy to preserve.Certainly select containing heteroauxin, indolebutyric acid, methyl α-naphthyl acetate, imperial root is raw, br root-growing agent, and the root-growing agent of compound sodium nitrophenolate or self-control root-growing agent, also can reach good effect.
E, to water: adopt and spray mode, irrigation times is 5 ~ 6 days 1 ~ March 1 time, 3 ~ 4 days 3 ~ June 1 time, 2 ~ 3 days 6 ~ September 1 time, 3 ~ 4 days 9 ~ December 1 time;
F, fertilising: execute thick the topdressing of 1 ~ 2cm in every 2 ~ 3 lunar basins, topdress as silkworm faeces: ash: beans shell: the EM bacterium stoste of 100 ~ 300 times is by weight 800 ~ 900:100 ~ 200:250 ~ 300:2, after weighing, by silkworm faeces, ash, beans shell fully mixes, then while the EM bacterium stoste of sprinkling 100 ~ 300 times, while stir silkworm faeces, ash, the mixture of beans shell, then water to water content 40 ~ 50%, pile high 0.8 ~ 1.2 meter, the taper fermentation heap of radius 0.5 ~ 1.0 meter, control temperature is 60 ~ 70 DEG C of spontaneous fermentations after 10 ~ 15 days, dry gained ecological organic fertilier, can certainly only to topdress fertilizer with silkworm faeces, or silkworm faeces is made compound fertilizer with other material mixing aft-loaded airfoil and is applied, the seedling of new transplanting sprays weekly a foliage fertilizer, survives latter every 2 weeks and sprays a foliage fertilizer, water every other day after spraying,
Silkworm faeces is better because food reason nutrient component retains, and belong to reasonable organic manure, nutrient is more balanced, and containing a lot of beneficial element, it is containing organic abundant, and containing elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.And the poultry dung such as chicken manure, sheep excrement is hot, N-P-K content is relatively high, but affects by present technique and feed, and the inside impurity is many, and negative factor is also a lot, can increase the risk of plant pest as Term Fertilization.
By raw material mixing such as silkworm faeces, ash, beans shells after ferment-fermented, dry obtained fertilizer, can be used as the fertilizer of various plants, increase the available nutrient needed for plant growth and the content of organic matter, strengthen enzymic activity, its effect is better than fermentation sheep excrement fertilizer.And southern sheep raising quantity is relatively less, sheep excrement limited source, fermentation time is very long, need some months to time of half a year, and quantity of breeding silkworms is relatively many, and the silkworm faeces produced, raiser is generally used as refuse, garbage disposal is fallen, sometimes also affect assanation, by the fertilizer that topdresses of silkworm faeces as dendrobium candidum, this problem is well solved.And breed silkworms in process, generally to add quicklime powder as disease-resistant, insect-prevention agent, when silkworm faeces is cleared, together with quicklime powder mixes with silkworm faeces, after with silkworm faeces and ash, beans shell, the mixed culture fermentation of EM bacterium stoste, fermentation time is extremely short, only need 10 ~ 15 days, then dry, obtained fertilizer is without harmful levels of pathogens, bacterium, and under the effect of leavening, produce a large amount of beneficial organism active substance, the growth rate, disease and insect resistance characteristic, effective pharmaceutical ingredient content etc. of dendrobium candidum are all increased significantly.
Preferably, foliage fertilizer is selected natural pond liquid and clear water to mix by the mass ratio of 1:4 ~ 5 and is made, and natural pond liquid is selected to be fermented by soft methane tank and to be produced, better effects if, and without other bacteriums and damage by disease and insect, nutrition is abundanter and balanced.
Natural pond liquid, mostly is the animal wastes such as cow dung, rabbit excrement, chicken manure and other foreign material mixed culture fermentation forms, tasteless after fermentation, and the fertilizer efficiency after fermentation, be more than 10 times of general chemistry synthetic fertilizer.Water quality characteristic is very easily absorbed by plants, and can not as chemical fertilizer, and natural pond liquid usage amount too much also can not burn seedling, as the first-selected fertilizer of green ecological plantation, natural pond liquid has: effect of expelling parasite, desinsection, and the lethality rate of larva and worm's ovum is more than 90%, belongs to green biological insecticidal agent.
Natural pond liquid contains the nutrient of various plants growth, abundant amino acid and various somatotropin, vitamin etc.Natural pond liquid is a kind of quick-acting of widely knowing of people and the long-lasting bio-organic fertilizer had both.Can not only fertilizer for replacing chemical completely, or produce the best fertilizer of organic food.Containing abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, each amino acid, vitamin, protein, gibberellin, growth hormone, carbohydrate, nucleic acid and antibiotic etc. in the liquid of natural pond, and butyric acid, heteroauxin, cobalamin isoreactivity resisting substance.Therefore the double action promoting plant growth and control disease generation is had.
Soft methane tank, adopt biotechnology means, find out the natural pond liquid biofermentation technique of a set of original creation, what produce is pure microorganism fungus kind, and environment friendly and pollution-free, operating cost is low, and floor space is little, less energy consumption.Before fermentation vat, fowl and animal excrement through 1 or 2 precipitation, and under microorganism fungus kind effect, carries out predecomposition, forms fermenation raw liquid, and ferment generation biogas further in fermenation raw liquid inflow soft marsh gas fermentation pond.Such animal wastes and other foreign material can not enter fermentation vat, very limpid clean, the free from admixture of natural pond liquid of production.
G, the extermination of disease and insect pest: monthly spray with bactericide and carry out foliar control, bactericide lantana: Oil-tea-cake: water is by weight 200 ~ 500:100 ~ 150:1500 ~ 3000, after weighing, water heating is boiled, and then add lantana and Oil-tea-cake, and continue to boil 5 ~ 10 minutes, flame-out, nature cooled and filtered gets filtrate, and filtrate dilution 5 ~ 10 times is the bactericide sprayed;
Preferably, lantana: Oil-tea-cake: water is by weight 400:100:2500;
Lantana, branch, leaf: bitter, cool, tool foul smell.Extract from Lantana camara, except having disease-resistant, insecticidal activity, also has stronger bactericidal activity.Disease-resisting, insecticidal antipathogenic composition mainly contains the lantanolic acid of triterpene acids, lantana promise acid, lantadene A, B and lantanine etc., and the mode of action is kept away based on food refusal and avoiding.
Based on the active ingredient of extract from Lantana camara, carry out derivative synthesis, further research lantana active insecticidal components, for a kind of new plant insecticide of its exploitation provides approach, and provide bright prospects to making full use of of lantana.Just in recent years to the research of lantana crude extract, it has wide development prospect in the agricultural actives such as killing pests and suppressing bacteria.But also just rest in the determination of activity to its crude extract to the research of lantana at present, there is no ripe botanical pesticide product, therefore, in lantana, desinsection, fungicide active ingredient need further separation, the desinsection of its reactive compound, bactericidal action mechanism need to be studied further, to providing theoretical foundation for Devoting Major Efforts To Developing lantana.
Oil-tea-cake is withered also known as tea, is the surplus materials after tea seed oil expression, containing the oil tea saponin of 15 ~ 20% in Oil-tea-cake, belongs to Triterpene saponins.Saponin itself is except having good insecticidal action; also have emulsification, moistening and foaming function, after water-soluble, can persistent foam be produced; emulsification agricultural chemicals is carried out with it; former medicine can be made to adhere at animal body surface, and by dissolving animal fat protection, priming enters in animal body, dissolves its blood cell; thus make organism physiological disorders; oxygen supply is obstructed and causes deficiency and dead, so it is good insecticide, is again good lead medicament.
Studied by long term test, our company develops a kind of natural plants bactericide, choose the optimum proportioning of lantana, Oil-tea-cake and water, utilize its characteristic and mutual synergy separately, enhance disease-resisting, insecticidal bacteriostasis, this side shares, and the drug effect helping various single product plays to greatest extent.The insect of the harm stem of noble dendrobium mainly contains the stem of noble dendrobium luxuriant and rich with fragrance armored scale, aphid, snail, cutworm etc., and main harm young shoot or blade surface, suck juice, chews food blade, affects young Stem nematode, propagates disease.The incidental disease of stem of noble dendrobium class plant mainly contains black spot, sooty mould, soft rot, leaf rust, epidemic disease etc.This natural plants bactericide all has very good preventive and therapeutic effect to above-mentioned damage by disease and insect, after plantation transplanted by the stem of noble dendrobium, can play disease-resistant, desinsection, antibacterial good result, further increasing the edible safety of the stem of noble dendrobium without the need to spraying any chemical pesticide.
H, Temperature and Humidity Control: ensure that canopy temperature remains on 18 ~ 25 DEG C, night 16 ~ 20 DEG C daytime, humid control, 60% ~ 80%, can be gathered for general 14 ~ 16 months.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, after plantlet in vitro transplanting, survival rate is high, and can reach more than 99%, growth is fast, high, the effective pharmaceutical ingredient content of output is more taller than dendrobium officinale, medical value is high, damage by disease and insect incidence obviously reduces.
2, the present invention adopts natural pond liquid to carry out executing spray, the natural pond liquid especially selecting soft methane tank to produce, and not only stem of noble dendrobium base of leaf is plump, various nutrition content is higher, and damage by disease and insect incidence obviously declines, and not only reduces cost, and improve dendrobium candidum edible safety.
3, adopt silkworm faeces after treatment, ash, beans shell mixture as the dendrobium candidum of planting and obtaining that topdresses, growth is faster, and damage by disease and insect is less, and various nutrition content is higher, and its medicinal effects is better.
4, adopt this method plantation dendrobium candidum, can realize gathering for 14 ~ 16 months, and the stem of noble dendrobium various nutrition content is higher, its medicinal effects is higher than wild Dendrodium.
5. use homemade natural plants bactericide in the whole planting process of the present invention, do not use agricultural chemicals, just effectively can prevent and treat the various damage by disease and insect of the stem of noble dendrobium, the dendrobium candidum produced, without agricultural chemicals, pollute without hormone with without chemicals, pure natural, best in quality, free from extraneous odour.
[embodiment]
The following examples can help the present invention of those skilled in the art's comprehend, but cannot limit the present invention by any way.
Embodiment 1
An implantation methods for dendrobium candidum, comprises the following steps:
A, preparing nursery bed: build booth, ceiling covered with plastic film, the shading screen of coverage shading degree 70 ~ 80% more on a plastic film, seedbed is provided with in canopy, seedbed is by the specification trench digging of dark 20cm, wide 50cm, and ditch centre-to-centre spacing is 130cm, and the white lime shop fixtures of 0.5cm is first used in seedbed, cover the mulch film of water penetration 70 ~ 80% again, for subsequent use;
The preparation of B, cultivation matrix: select pine bark as cultivation matrix, pulverize, remove impurity, thick matrix and thin matrix is sieved into by particle size, thick matrix particle diameter is 1 ~ 2cm, and thin matrix particle diameter is less than 1cm, cultivation matrix be placed in concentration be 0.5 ~ 1 ‰ potassium permanganate solution soak 10 ~ 20 days, pull out and dry in the air to half-dried, for subsequent use;
C, preparation flowerpot: the common brick fragment putting into 2cm bottom flowerpot, common brick fragment particle diameter is less than 0.8cm, then puts into the thick matrix of 8cm, then puts into the thin matrix of 3cm, waters permeable, for subsequent use;
D, field planting: the healthy and strong candidum tissue culturing seedling of long 3 ~ 8cm is taken out gently from tissue culture bottle, after cleaning the nutrient solution on candidum tissue culturing seedling, normal temperature dries in the air and puts 24 hours, again the root of candidum tissue culturing seedling is put into No. ABT1 of 50 ~ 100ppm or ABT2 or ABT3 or No. ABT4 or the ABT5 root-growing agent libation at an ancient wedding ceremony once, 3 clumps are uniformly distributed by each flowerpot, the specification of every clump of 3 ~ 4 strains is colonizated in flowerpot, root system is made naturally to unfold during field planting, matrix is covered root be advisable, carry seedling gently, shoot root system fully can be contacted with matrix, flowerpot after transplanting seedlings is placed on ready seedbed successively, water sufficient normal root water,
E, to water: adopt and spray mode, irrigation times is 5 ~ 6 days 1 ~ March 1 time, 3 ~ 4 days 3 ~ June 1 time, 2 ~ 3 days 6 ~ September 1 time, 3 ~ 4 days 9 ~ December 1 time;
F, fertilising: in every 2 ~ 3 lunar basins, execute thick the topdressing of 1 ~ 2cm, topdress as silkworm faeces: ash: beans shell: the EM bacterium stoste of 100 times is by weight 800:200:250:2, after weighing, silkworm faeces, ash, beans shell are fully mixed, then while the EM bacterium stoste of sprinkling 100 ~ 300 times, while stir the mixture of silkworm faeces, ash, beans shell, then water to water content 40 ~ 50%, pile taper fermentation heap that is high 0.8 ~ 1.2 meter, radius 0.5 ~ 1.0 meter, control temperature after 10 ~ 15 days, dries gained ecological organic fertilier 60 ~ 70 DEG C of spontaneous fermentations; The seedling of new transplanting sprays weekly a natural pond liquid and the water foliage fertilizer that mixes of 1:5 by weight, survives latter every 2 weeks and sprays once, water every other day after spraying;
G, the extermination of disease and insect pest: monthly spray with bactericide and carry out foliar control, bactericide is lantana: Oil-tea-cake: water is by weight 200:150:1500, after weighing, water heating is boiled, and then add lantana and Oil-tea-cake, and continue to boil 5 minutes, flame-out, nature cooled and filtered gets filtrate, and filtrate is diluted 5 times and is the bactericide sprayed;
H, Temperature and Humidity Control: ensure that canopy temperature remains on 18 ~ 25 DEG C, night 16 ~ 20 DEG C daytime, humid control, 60% ~ 80%, can be gathered for general 14 ~ 16 months.
Embodiment 2
An implantation methods for dendrobium candidum, comprises the following steps:
A, preparing nursery bed: build booth, ceiling covered with plastic film, the shading screen of coverage shading degree 70 ~ 80% more on a plastic film, seedbed is provided with in canopy, seedbed is by the specification trench digging of dark 25cm, wide 40cm, and ditch centre-to-centre spacing is 140cm, and the white lime shop fixtures of 0.8cm is first used in seedbed, cover the mulch film of water penetration 70 ~ 80% again, for subsequent use;
The preparation of B, cultivation matrix: select pine bark as cultivation matrix, pulverize, remove impurity, thick matrix and thin matrix is sieved into by particle size, thick matrix particle diameter is 1 ~ 2cm, and thin matrix particle diameter is less than 1cm, cultivation matrix be placed in concentration be 50% the carbendazim aqueous solution soak 10 ~ 20 days, pull out and dry in the air to half-dried, for subsequent use;
C, preparation flowerpot: the common brick fragment putting into 1cm bottom flowerpot, common brick fragment particle diameter is less than 0.8cm, then puts into the thick matrix of 10cm, then puts into the thin matrix of 2cm, waters permeable, for subsequent use;
D, field planting: the healthy and strong candidum tissue culturing seedling of long 3 ~ 8cm is taken out gently from tissue culture bottle, after cleaning the nutrient solution on candidum tissue culturing seedling, normal temperature dries in the air and puts 20 hours, again the root of candidum tissue culturing seedling is put into the ABT6 root-growing agent libation at an ancient wedding ceremony of 50 ~ 100ppm once, 3 clumps are uniformly distributed by each flowerpot, the specification of every clump of 3 ~ 4 strains is colonizated in flowerpot, root system is made naturally to unfold during field planting, matrix is covered root be advisable, carry seedling gently, shoot root system fully can be contacted with matrix, flowerpot after transplanting seedlings is placed on ready seedbed successively, water sufficient normal root water,
E, to water: adopt and spray mode, irrigation times is 5 ~ 6 days 1 ~ March 1 time, 3 ~ 4 days 3 ~ June 1 time, 2 ~ 3 days 6 ~ September 1 time, 3 ~ 4 days 9 ~ December 1 time;
F, fertilising: in every 2 ~ 3 lunar basins, execute thick the topdressing of 1 ~ 2cm, topdress as silkworm faeces: ash: beans shell: the EM bacterium stoste of 200 times is by weight 900:150:300:2, after weighing, silkworm faeces, ash, beans shell are fully mixed, then while the EM bacterium stoste of sprinkling 100 ~ 300 times, while stir the mixture of silkworm faeces, ash, beans shell, then water to water content 40 ~ 50%, pile taper fermentation heap that is high 0.8 ~ 1.2 meter, radius 0.5 ~ 1.0 meter, control temperature after 10 ~ 15 days, dries gained ecological organic fertilier 60 ~ 70 DEG C of spontaneous fermentations; The seedling of new transplanting sprays weekly a natural pond liquid and the water foliage fertilizer that mixes of 1:5 by weight, and natural pond liquid is selected by soft methane tank fermenting and producing, survives latter every 2 weeks and sprays once, water every other day after spraying;
G, the extermination of disease and insect pest: monthly spray with bactericide and carry out foliar control, bactericide is lantana: Oil-tea-cake: water is by weight 400:100:2500, after weighing, water heating is boiled, and then add lantana and Oil-tea-cake, and continue to boil 7 minutes, flame-out, nature cooled and filtered gets filtrate, and filtrate dilution 8 is the bactericide sprayed.
H, Temperature and Humidity Control: ensure that canopy temperature remains on 18 ~ 25 DEG C, night 16 ~ 20 DEG C daytime, humid control, 60% ~ 80%, can be gathered for general 14 ~ 16 months.
Embodiment 3
An implantation methods for dendrobium candidum, comprises the following steps:
A, preparing nursery bed: build booth, ceiling covered with plastic film, the shading screen of coverage shading degree 70 ~ 80% more on a plastic film, seedbed is provided with in canopy, seedbed is by the specification trench digging of dark 25cm, wide 45cm, and ditch centre-to-centre spacing is 135cm, and the white lime shop fixtures of 1cm is first used in seedbed, cover the mulch film of water penetration 70 ~ 80% again, for subsequent use;
The preparation of B, cultivation matrix: select pine bark as cultivation matrix, pulverize, remove impurity, thick matrix and thin matrix is sieved into by particle size, thick matrix particle diameter is 1 ~ 2cm, and thin matrix particle diameter is less than 1cm, cultivation matrix be placed in concentration be 1 ~ 2 ‰ the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution soak 10 ~ 20 days, pull out and dry in the air to half-dried, for subsequent use;
C, preparation flowerpot: the common brick fragment putting into 1.5cm bottom flowerpot, common brick fragment particle diameter is less than 0.8cm, then puts into the thick matrix of 9cm, then puts into the thin matrix of 2.5cm, waters permeable, for subsequent use;
D, field planting: the healthy and strong candidum tissue culturing seedling of long 3 ~ 8cm is taken out gently from tissue culture bottle, after cleaning the nutrient solution on candidum tissue culturing seedling, normal temperature dries in the air and puts 18 hours, again the root of candidum tissue culturing seedling is put into No. ABT7 of 50 ~ 100ppm or No. ABT8 or No. ABT9 or the ABT10 root-growing agent libation at an ancient wedding ceremony once, 3 clumps are uniformly distributed by each flowerpot, the specification of every clump of 3 ~ 4 strains is colonizated in flowerpot, root system is made naturally to unfold during field planting, matrix is covered root be advisable, carry seedling gently, shoot root system fully can be contacted with matrix, flowerpot after transplanting seedlings is placed on ready seedbed successively, water sufficient normal root water,
E, to water: adopt and spray mode, irrigation times is 5 ~ 6 days 1 ~ March 1 time, 3 ~ 4 days 3 ~ June 1 time, 2 ~ 3 days 6 ~ September 1 time, 3 ~ 4 days 9 ~ December 1 time;
F, fertilising: in every 2 ~ 3 lunar basins, execute thick the topdressing of 1 ~ 2cm, topdress as silkworm faeces: ash: beans shell: the EM bacterium stoste of 300 times is by weight 850:100:300:2, after weighing, silkworm faeces, ash, beans shell are fully mixed, then while the EM bacterium stoste of sprinkling 100 ~ 300 times, while stir the mixture of silkworm faeces, ash, beans shell, then water to water content 40 ~ 50%, pile taper fermentation heap that is high 0.8 ~ 1.2 meter, radius 0.5 ~ 1.0 meter, control temperature after 10 ~ 15 days, dries gained ecological organic fertilier 60 ~ 70 DEG C of spontaneous fermentations; The seedling of new transplanting sprays weekly a natural pond liquid and the water foliage fertilizer that mixes of 1:4 by weight, survives latter every 2 weeks and sprays once, water every other day after spraying;
G, the extermination of disease and insect pest: monthly spray with bactericide and carry out foliar control, bactericide is for being lantana: Oil-tea-cake: water is by weight 500:120:3000, after weighing, water heating is boiled, and then add lantana and Oil-tea-cake, and continue to boil 10 minutes, flame-out, nature cooled and filtered gets filtrate, and filtrate is diluted 10 times and is the bactericide sprayed;
H, Temperature and Humidity Control: ensure that canopy temperature remains on 18 ~ 25 DEG C, night 16 ~ 20 DEG C daytime, humid control, 60% ~ 80%, can be gathered for general 14 ~ 16 months.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (6)
1. an implantation methods for dendrobium candidum, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
A, preparing nursery bed: build booth, ceiling covered with plastic film, the shading screen of coverage shading degree 70 ~ 80% more on a plastic film, seedbed is provided with in canopy, seedbed is by the specification trench digging of dark 20 ~ 25cm, wide 40 ~ 50cm, and ditch centre-to-centre spacing is 130 ~ 140cm, and the white lime shop fixtures of 0.5 ~ 1cm is first used in seedbed, cover the mulch film of water penetration 70 ~ 80% again, for subsequent use;
The preparation of B, cultivation matrix: select pine bark as cultivation matrix, pulverize, remove impurity, thick matrix and thin matrix is sieved into by particle size, thick matrix particle diameter is 1 ~ 2cm, and thin matrix particle diameter is less than 1cm, and cultivation matrix is placed in disinfectant and soaks 10 ~ 20 days, pull out and dry in the air to half-dried, for subsequent use;
C, preparation flowerpot: the common brick fragment putting into 1 ~ 2cm bottom flowerpot, common brick fragment particle diameter is less than 0.8cm, then puts into the thick matrix of 8 ~ 10cm, then puts into the thin matrix of 2 ~ 3cm, waters permeable, for subsequent use;
D, field planting: the healthy and strong candidum tissue culturing seedling of long 3 ~ 8cm is taken out gently from tissue culture bottle, after cleaning the nutrient solution on candidum tissue culturing seedling, normal temperature dries in the air and puts 18 ~ 24 hours, again the root of candidum tissue culturing seedling is put into the ABT root-growing agent libation at an ancient wedding ceremony of 50 ~ 100ppm once, 3 clumps are uniformly distributed by each flowerpot, the specification of every clump of 3 ~ 4 strains is colonizated in flowerpot, root system is made naturally to unfold during field planting, matrix is covered root be advisable, carry seedling gently, shoot root system fully can be contacted with matrix, flowerpot after transplanting seedlings is placed on ready seedbed successively, water sufficient normal root water,
E, to water: adopt and spray mode, irrigation times is 5 ~ 6 days 1 ~ March 1 time, 3 ~ 4 days 3 ~ June 1 time, 2 ~ 3 days 6 ~ September 1 time, 3 ~ 4 days 9 ~ December 1 time;
F, fertilising: execute thick the topdressing of 1 ~ 2cm in every 2 ~ 3 lunar basins, topdress as silkworm faeces: ash: beans shell: the EM bacterium stoste of 100 ~ 300 times is by weight 800 ~ 900:100 ~ 200:250 ~ 300:2, after weighing, by silkworm faeces, ash, beans shell fully mixes, then while the EM bacterium stoste of sprinkling 100 ~ 300 times, while stir silkworm faeces, ash, the mixture of beans shell, then water to water content 40 ~ 50%, pile high 0.8 ~ 1.2 meter, the taper fermentation heap of radius 0.5 ~ 1.0 meter, control temperature is 60 ~ 70 DEG C of spontaneous fermentations after 10 ~ 15 days, dry gained ecological organic fertilier, the seedling of new transplanting sprays weekly a foliage fertilizer, survives latter every 2 weeks and sprays a foliage fertilizer, water every other day after spraying,
G, the extermination of disease and insect pest: monthly spray with bactericide and carry out foliar control, bactericide is lantana: Oil-tea-cake: water is by weight 200 ~ 500:100 ~ 150:1500 ~ 3000, after weighing, water heating is boiled, and then add lantana and Oil-tea-cake, and continue to boil 5 ~ 10 minutes, flame-out, nature cooled and filtered gets filtrate, and filtrate dilution 5 ~ 10 times is the bactericide sprayed;
H, Temperature and Humidity Control: ensure that canopy temperature remains on 18 ~ 25 DEG C, night 16 ~ 20 DEG C daytime, humid control, 60% ~ 80%, can be gathered for general 14 ~ 16 months.
2. the implantation methods of a kind of dendrobium candidum according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step B, soak potassium permanganate solution that the disinfectant of cultivation matrix is concentration 0.5 ~ 1 ‰ or concentration be 50% the carbendazim aqueous solution or concentration be 1 ~ 2 ‰ the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution.
3. the implantation methods of a kind of dendrobium candidum according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step D, described ABT root-growing agent is No. ABT1 or No. ABT3.
4. the implantation methods of a kind of dendrobium candidum according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step F, to be natural pond liquid with clear water mix by the mass ratio of 1:4 ~ 5 foliage fertilizer forms.
5. the implantation methods of a kind of dendrobium candidum according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described natural pond liquid is fermented by soft methane tank and produces.
6. the implantation methods of a kind of dendrobium candidum according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step G, bactericide is lantana: Oil-tea-cake: water is 400:100:2500 by weight, after weighing, water heating is boiled, and then add lantana and Oil-tea-cake, and continue to boil 5 ~ 10 minutes, flame-out, nature cooled and filtered gets filtrate, and filtrate dilution 5 ~ 10 is the bactericide sprayed.
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