CN103918537A - Processing method for Dendrobium officinale culture substrate - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a processing method for a Dendrobium officinale culture substrate. The processing method comprises the first step of preparing the culture substrate, wherein pine tree bark is selected as the culture substrate, the pine tree bark is smashed, impurities are removed, and the pine tree bark is screened into a coarse bark substrate and a fine bark substrate; the second step of killing insects and conducting disinfection, wherein the bark substrates are placed into a soaking pool, liquid medicine is added, and the bark substrates are soaked for seven to ten days; the third step of making a bed, wherein after the bark substrates are well soaked, the bark substrates are fished out and dried to be half dry, the bottom layer is paved with the coarse bar substrate, the upper layer is paved with the fine bark substrate, and seedlings are washed with clean water for five to eight days. Dendrobium officinale cultured by the culture substrate processed through the method is high in survival rate and growth speed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing method of officinal dendrobium stem plantation matrix.
Background technology
Dendrobium candidum claims again ribbed hedyotis herb, the stem of the herbaceous plant dendrobium candidum Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo that grows nonparasitically upon another plant for the orchid family Dendrobium is perennial, and because epidermis is, iron is green gains the name, and is a kind of Wild Medicinal of preciousness.Be born in height above sea level and reach on the rock that the mountain region half of 1600 meters is dark and damp, the environment of happiness warm and moist weather and half cloudy half light, cold-resistant.The low temperature of general equal ability-5 ℃.The stem of noble dendrobium can be divided into tens of kinds, yellow grass, Jin Chai, horsewhip etc., the superfine product that dendrobium candidum is the stem of noble dendrobium.Dendrobium candidum has unique medical value, with its stem, is used as medicine, and < < Chinese pharmacopoeia > > records the stem of noble dendrobium and has reinforcing stomach reg fluid, nourishing Yin and clearing heat effect.In the classical < < of the Tang Dynasty medical science Taoist Scriptures > >, dendrobium candidum is listed in " first of Chinese nine immortal grass ", since the Tang and Song Dynasty, has been listed in royal tribute always.
Because wild dendrobium candidum requires extremely harshness to natural ecological condition, natural propagation rate is extremely low again, and due to a large amount of unordered excavating, as far back as eighties of last century the eighties, dendrobium candidum is just classified as the Endangered Medicinal Herb of treasuring of focused protection by country.
The dendrobium candidum huge market demand.Dendrobium candidum is the first-selection of enriching yin, pre-preventing tumor, enhancing immunity of organisms.Dendrobium candidum is the best traditional Chinese medicine promoting the production of body fluid to quench thirst, and middle-aged and old deficiency of Yin physique tools is significantly improved to effect, and market prospects are very wide.
From current market, dendrobium candidum finished product is that supply falls short of demand in market, and superfine pure Tiepi Fengdou price is in 70,000 yuan of left and right of per kilogram.30,000 yuan of one-level dendrobium candidum maple bucket price per kilograms, and out of stock in spite of rising price, its output only has 4/10000ths of demand.The output of expectation dendrobium candidum in 10 years is still difficult to meet the demand in market.According to statistics, the current whole stem of noble dendrobium market year total demand be 8000～10000T, and with 20% demand, increase progressively every year.And current artificial planting dendrobium candidum is at the early-stage, domestic tens of listing Pharma Inc.s and the increase of health products manufacturer to dendrobium candidum quantity required, also have some by the profiteering business that interests drove, to be goed deep into each place of production and search order, thereby caused dendrobium candidum resource wretched insufficiency.The dendrobium candidum that the whole nation produces does not also reach 200 tons, can not meet the market demand far away.Visible dendrobium candidum plantation industrial profit is considerable.
The market demand has determined to greatly develop the necessity of dendrobium candidum plantation.But there is many problems in the culture technique of dendrobium candidum: 1, dendrobium candidum seedling survival rate after transplanting is low, and growth of seedling is slow.2, in the course of cultivation, damage by disease and insect is serious for dendrobium candidum, causes the underproduction even there is no the problem of harvest.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for existing dendrobium candidum survival rate after transplanting lowly, growth of seedling is problem slowly, and a kind of processing method of officinal dendrobium stem plantation matrix is provided.
In order to reach above-mentioned technique effect, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A processing method for officinal dendrobium stem plantation matrix, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the preparation of cultivation matrix: select pine tree bark as cultivation matrix, pulverize, remove impurity, be sieved into fat tree scytoblastema matter and thin bark matrix;
Step 2: pesticide and disinfectant: bark matrix is placed in to fermentation vat, adds liquid medicine to soak 10-20 days;
Step 3: make the bed: bark matrix is pulled out and dried in the air to half-dried after soaking well, bottom paving fat tree scytoblastema matter, spreads thin bark matrix above, with clear water, rinses seedling long 5～8 days.
In above-mentioned processing method, the liquid medicine that soaks cultivation matrix is carbendazol and insecticide.
In above-mentioned processing method, described liquid medicine is the aqueous solution in methyl Top Tianjin and the aqueous solution that first is mixed zinc, and the aqueous solution in described methyl Top Tianjin is that every kilogram of methyl Top Tianjin is watered 1～2 ton; The aqueous solution that described first is mixed zinc is that every 500g is watered 0.5～1 ton.
In above-mentioned processing method, in described liquid medicine, to mix the mass ratio of zinc be 2:1 for methyl Top Tianjin and first.
In above-mentioned processing method, the particle diameter of described fat tree scytoblastema matter is 1～2cm; The particle diameter of described thin bark matrix is 0.3～0.9cm.
In above-mentioned processing method, the thickness of described bottom paving fat tree scytoblastema matter is 10～15cm, and the thickness that spreads thin bark matrix is above 1～2cm.
In above-mentioned processing method, described pine tree bark is that the age of tree is at more than 15 years pine tree barks.
The present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention selects pine tree as host material, and pine tree bark is thick, and water imbibition is strong, can improve the survival rate of dendrobium candidum and the growth rate of quickening dendrobium candidum.
(2) the present invention adopts the aqueous solution in methyl Top Tianjin and the aqueous solution that first is mixed zinc to carry out pesticide and disinfectant, both killed parasitic cause of disease and the insect pest in cultivation matrix, can effectively prevent the incidence of later stage damage by disease and insect again, can effectively guarantee dendrobium candidum seedling percent, be conducive to reduce dendrobium candidum insect pest impact, directly the output of dendrobium candidum exerted an influence.
(3) the present invention is filtered into fat tree scytoblastema matter and thin bark matrix by host material, and fat tree scytoblastema matter is layered on to the bottom in seedbed, is beneficial to water conservation, being conducive to root system grows downwards, and lay the thin bark matrix of one deck above, and be beneficial to the abundant attaching substratum of seedlings root, guaranteed the survival rate of seedling.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiments of the invention, the invention will be further elaborated.
Embodiment:
Adopt pine tree bark as cultivation matrix, preferably adopt the age of tree at more than 15 years pine tree barks, the pine tree bark that the age of tree goes up is thick, and water suction is strong.
Adopt the mode of hand peeling, first remove crust, pulverize, remove impurity, by different machinery equipment specifications, making fat tree scytoblastema plasmid footpath is that 1 to 2cm matrix and thin bark matrix particle diameter are 0.3～0.9cm, standby.
Pesticide and disinfectant: bark matrix is placed in to fermentation vat, adds liquid medicine to soak 10-20 days, liquid medicine is carbendazol and insecticide.According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, liquid medicine is that methyl Top Tianjin (per kilogram is watered 1～2 ton) and first are mixed zinc (every 500g is watered 0.5～1 ton), and wherein to mix the mass ratio of zinc be 2:1 for methyl Top Tianjin and first.
Make the bed: by bark matrix soak good after, pull out and dry in the air to half-dried, the fat tree scytoblastema matter that bottom paving thickness is 10-15cm, spreads thickness above and is 1～2 thin bark matrix, with clear water, rinses seedling long 5～8 days.
Specific embodiment:
1, the selection of cultivation matrix and processing
The selection of 1.1 cultivation matrixes
Test method: bark (A1), sawdust (A2), rubble (A3), four kinds of cultivation matrixes of pine tree bark (A4) are set, seedlings of Dendrobium officinale is planted in respectively on four kinds of different cultivation matrixes, test adopts single factor to get at random group and arranges, community area 3m
2, repeating for 3 times, other control measures are all identical, observe dendrobium candidum survival rate, growing way situation, survey and produce, and select the cultivation matrix of suitable Growth of Dendrobium candidum.The results are shown in following table.
Table 1: the impact of different cultivation matrixes on Growth of Dendrobium candidum
| Process | Survival rate (%) | Plant height (cm) | Output (Kg) |
| A1 | 91.5 | / | / |
| A2 | 88.3 | / | / |
| A3 | 85.7 | / | / |
| A4 | 99.2 | / | / |
Table 1 result shows that different cultivation matrixes are influential to Growth of Dendrobium candidum, A3<A2<A1<A4 on seedling percent, between four processing, difference is obvious, A4 compares with A1, with pine bark mid portion, do matrix, water retention property is eager to excel, and also can use and imputrescibility the long period, has reduced cost.In output, A2<A3<A1<A4, between four processing, difference is obvious, and A4 compares with A1, with pine bark mid portion, does matrix, and output is higher than sawdust (A2), rubble (A3).
Therefore, use pine bark, and be to using 15 years above bark from old tress of the age of tree as the matrix of cultivating dendrobium candidum.The use of this matrix has improved the survival rate of dendrobium candidum, has increased the output of dendrobium candidum.
The processing of 1.2 cultivation matrixes
Test method: carbendazol is set and soaks (B1), carbendazol+insecticide immersion (B2), water soaking (B3), test adopts single factor random packet to arrange, community area 3m
2, repeating for 3 times, other control measures are all identical, observe dendrobium candidum survival rate, growing way situation, survey and produce, and determine suitable matrix immersion process, the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2: the impact of different substrates immersion treatment method on Growth of Dendrobium candidum
| Process | Survival rate (%) | Output (Kg) | Plant height (cm) | Damage by disease and insect situation |
| B1 | 92.5 | 1.36 | 32.8 | Insect pest is heavier |
| B2 | 99.1 | 1.47 | 36.3 | Insect pest is less |
| B3 | 87.2 | 1.29 | 28.6 | Damage by disease and insect weight |
Result of the test shows: B1 processes, and owing to not having use of insecticide to soak, insect parasitic in matrix survives, and insect pest situation is more serious, and seedling percent is lower; B2 processes, insecticide had both been killed cause of disease and the insect pest of intramatrical parasitism, can effectively prevent the incidence of later stage damage by disease and insect again, can effectively guarantee dendrobium candidum seedling percent, dendrobium candidum insect pest situation is obviously processed light than B1, be conducive to reduce dendrobium candidum insect pest impact, directly the output of dendrobium candidum exerted an influence.And B3 is soaked in water purely, the germ adhering in matrix and insect pest fail effectively to kill, and damage by disease and insect situation is the most serious, and the dendrobium candidum of planting does not almost have output.
Therefore, we have successfully summed up the method to matrix treatments on officinal dendrobium stem plantation is produced: the processing method of using carbendazol+insecticide to soak.
The impact research of 1.3 matrix rugosity on Growth of Dendrobium candidum
Test method: three kinds of processing are set, and (C3), test adopts single factor to get at random group and arranges, community area 3m for fat tree skin (C1), thin bark (C2), thin bark (upper strata)+fat tree skin (lower floor)
2, repeating for 3 times, other control measures are all identical, observe the growing state of dendrobium candidum, select the matrix rugosity of suitable Growth of Dendrobium candidum.
Table 3: the impact of matrix thickness combination on Growth of Dendrobium candidum
| Process | Survival rate (%) | Output (Kg) | Plant height (cm) |
| C1 | 89.5 | 1.14 | 29.5 |
| C2 | 92.1 | 1.28 | 31.5 |
| C3 | 98.7 | 1.54 | 35.9 |
Result of the test shows, three kinds of processing are remarkable to the growth effect of dendrobium candidum, take C3 as better, although C1 dendrobium candidum root system adheres to, be unfavorable for water conservation, seedlings root is very fragile, fat tree skin gap is larger, and root system attaching substratum situation is poor, is unfavorable for the absorption of moisture and nutrient, easily cause dead seedling, dendrobium candidum survival rate is lower; C2 is beneficial to dendrobium candidum seedlings root and adheres to, but easily harden, ponding, causes rotten, affects the survival rate of dendrobium candidum seedling, C3 is laid on bottom by thick bark, be beneficial to water conservation, be conducive to root system and grow downwards, and lay the thin bark of one deck above, be beneficial to the abundant attaching substratum of seedlings root, guaranteed the survival rate of seedling.
Although with reference to explanatory embodiment of the present invention, invention has been described here, above-described embodiment is only preferably embodiment of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments, should be appreciated that, those skilled in the art can design a lot of other modification and embodiments, and these are revised and within embodiment will drop on the disclosed principle scope and spirit of the application.
Claims (7)
1. a processing method for officinal dendrobium stem plantation matrix, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Step 1: the preparation of cultivation matrix: select pine tree bark as cultivation matrix, pulverize, remove impurity,
Be sieved into fat tree scytoblastema matter and thin bark matrix;
Step 2: pesticide and disinfectant: bark matrix is placed in to fermentation vat, adds liquid medicine to soak 10-20 days;
Step 3: make the bed: bark matrix is pulled out and dried in the air to half-dried after soaking well, bottom paving fat tree scytoblastema matter, spreads thin bark matrix above, with clear water, rinses seedling long 5～8 days.
2. the processing method of officinal dendrobium stem plantation matrix according to claim 1, the liquid medicine that it is characterized in that soaking cultivation matrix is carbendazol and insecticide.
3. the processing method of officinal dendrobium stem plantation matrix according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that described liquid medicine is the aqueous solution in methyl Top Tianjin and the aqueous solution that first is mixed zinc, the aqueous solution in described methyl Top Tianjin is that every kilogram of methyl Top Tianjin is watered 1～2 ton; The aqueous solution that described first is mixed zinc is that every 500g is watered 0.5～1 ton.
4. the processing method of officinal dendrobium stem plantation matrix according to claim 3, is characterized in that it is 2:1 that the mass ratio of zinc is mixed in methyl Top Tianjin and first in described liquid medicine.
5. the processing method of officinal dendrobium stem plantation matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that the particle diameter of described fat tree scytoblastema matter is 1～2cm; The particle diameter of described thin bark matrix is 0.3～0.9cm.
6. the processing method of officinal dendrobium stem plantation matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that the thickness of described bottom paving fat tree scytoblastema matter is 10～15cm, and the thickness that spreads thin bark matrix is above 1～2cm.
7. the processing method of officinal dendrobium stem plantation matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that described pine tree bark is that the age of tree is at more than 15 years pine tree barks.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN104140331A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-11-12 | 贵州省生物研究所 | Dendrobium culture substrate, preparation method of dendrobium culture substrate and dendrobium culture method |
| CN104496593A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-04-08 | 柳州市泓吉农业科技有限公司 | Cultivated planting material for dendrobium nobile lindl |
| CN104604660A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-05-13 | 贵州绿春缘有机农业产业管理有限公司 | Imitating wild condition planting method of dendrobium officinale |
| CN104987209A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-21 | 广西东兴山峰石斛有限公司 | Culture medium of dendrobium officinale |
| CN105409745A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-03-23 | 广西南岜仔科技有限公司 | Planting method for dendrobium officinale |
| CN105594567A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-05-25 | 广西南岜仔科技有限公司 | Planting method for Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo |
| CN107114202A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-09-01 | 广西大学 | A kind of dendrobium candidum interplants the efficient cultivation method of grape |
| CN107318614A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-11-07 | 江苏绿洲园艺绿化有限公司 | A kind of dendrobium candidum seedling cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN110036874A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-07-23 | 杭州绿农环境工程有限公司 | A method of utilizing dregs and slurrying Nutrition Soil |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104604660A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-05-13 | 贵州绿春缘有机农业产业管理有限公司 | Imitating wild condition planting method of dendrobium officinale |
| CN104987209A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-21 | 广西东兴山峰石斛有限公司 | Culture medium of dendrobium officinale |
| CN105409745A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-03-23 | 广西南岜仔科技有限公司 | Planting method for dendrobium officinale |
| CN105594567A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-05-25 | 广西南岜仔科技有限公司 | Planting method for Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo |
| CN107114202A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-09-01 | 广西大学 | A kind of dendrobium candidum interplants the efficient cultivation method of grape |
| CN107318614A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-11-07 | 江苏绿洲园艺绿化有限公司 | A kind of dendrobium candidum seedling cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN110036874A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-07-23 | 杭州绿农环境工程有限公司 | A method of utilizing dregs and slurrying Nutrition Soil |
| CN110036874B (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2022-02-22 | 浙江绿农生态环境有限公司 | Method for preparing nutrient soil by using residue soil and slurry |
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