CN106718737A - The implantation methods and its plantation process for preparing raw material of dendrobium candidum - Google Patents
The implantation methods and its plantation process for preparing raw material of dendrobium candidum Download PDFInfo
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- CN106718737A CN106718737A CN201611085166.3A CN201611085166A CN106718737A CN 106718737 A CN106718737 A CN 106718737A CN 201611085166 A CN201611085166 A CN 201611085166A CN 106718737 A CN106718737 A CN 106718737A
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- Prior art keywords
- raw material
- dendrobium candidum
- bark
- sterilization
- dendrobium
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of dendrobium candidum plantation process for preparing raw material and its implantation methods, dendrobium candidum plants raw material by carrying out raw material configuration with remaining auxiliary material after sterilized, fermentation, degreasing, raw material after configuration is good carries out the nursery of seed, and nursery moved to after 2 years and grown on tree.The plantation raw material that this method makes has the advantages that water conservation, good permeability, various nutritions foot, use time are long, is particularly suitable for dendrobium officinale culture medium.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods of dendrobium candidum, particularly a kind of full ecological technique plantation high-quality dendrobium candidum
Method.
Background technology
China has an old saying to be called " there is ginseng in north, and there is maple bucket in south ", described maple bucket, is the curling that stem of Dendrobium is made
Group's shape particle, the stem of noble dendrobium, particularly dendrobium candidum (Dendrobium candidum wall.ex Lindl.) are orchid family
(Orchidaeae) Dendrobium (Dendrobium) herbaceos perennial, is China's rare Chinese medicine, is that national second class protection is planted
Thing, have " Chinese celestial grass ", the laudatory title of " gold in medicine ", arranges first of " Chinese nine big celestial grass ", is referred to as by international medicinal plant circle
" medicine circle giant panda ".The effects such as with immunological regulation, anti-aging.It is not only the required of familiar " MAILUONING ZHUSHEYE "
Raw material, or tens of kinds of Chinese patent drugs and health products necessary raw material.
《Sheng Nong's herbal classic》In, dendrobium candidum is listed in top grade, and with nourishing Yin and moistening lung, nourishing the stomach to improve the production of body fluid moistens the lung and relieve the cough
Effect.Modern pharmacological research shows that dendrobium candidum also has strengthen immunity, and anti-aging, anticancer is antifatigue, expansion of blood vessels
Effect.Dendrobium candidum is mainly distributed on the tropical and subtropical region such as China, Thailand, Burma, Vietnam, it is domestic with Guangxi, Yunnan,
Anhui, Guizhou Deng Weiyuan main producing regions.Because human lives' scope constantly expands, add long-term transition and pluck, existing wild money
Source has been on the verge of exhaustion, and purchase volume significantly declines.China has forbidden felling for many years so that the market price significantly raises up.Iron sheet
The stem of noble dendrobium is difficult to meet the market demand because of wild resource exhaustion, it is therefore desirable to which the product of a large amount of artificial cultivations is constantly expanded with meeting
Market need.
Wild Dendrodium be grown in warm, moistening, few illumination, the appropriate environment that ventilative, root system is breathed freely, draining is good from
Raw precipice seam climb raw or hanging growth, it is necessary to adhere to trees, and the requirement of the growth of iron sheet to environment is quite harsh.China
Some scientific research institutions and business unit the tissue culture and artificial cultivation technique of orchid dendrobium candidum are carried out constantly explore and
Experiment, achieves certain achievement, the growth conditions of the dendrobium candidum according to research, and various regions plantation dendrobium candidum obtains very big hair
Exhibition, but remain low in dendrobium candidum transplanting survival rate, the speed of growth is slow, and yield is not high, the low subject matter of active constituent content.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide for that a kind of transplanting survival rate is high, and fast growth, yield is high, together
When the method for growing dendrobium that can be compared favourably with wild Dendrodium of active constituent content and its plantation raw material, realize the skill of above-mentioned purpose
Art scheme is as follows：
Dendrobium candidum plants process for preparing raw material：
(1) sterilized, fermentation：Sterilization is carried out after bark is crushed, sterilized process kills the microorganism in bark, sterilized
After the completion of by broken bark sealing heap fermentation 30-90 days；
(2) degreasing：Bark after fermentation carries out degreasing, the remaining lipid for being unfavorable for Growth of Dendrobium candidum in removal bark
Material；
(3) raw material is configured：In bark after degreasing and wood chip, sphagna, peat soil, river sand, stone any one or it is several
Plant the plantation raw material for being mixed to form the stem of noble dendrobium.
The plantation raw material that this method makes has water conservation, good permeability, various nutritions foot, use time long etc. excellent
Point, is particularly suitable for dendrobium officinale culture medium.
Specific embodiment
Detailed description below technical process of the invention.
During dendrobium candidum is planted, using the dispensing based on advanced age pine bark, so-called advanced age pine bark is
Pine bark of the age of tree more than 8 years, advanced age pine bark has the features such as good permeability, water-retaining property are moderate, pest and disease damage is few, is especially suitable for
The growth of dendrobium candidum.Not only further improve its gas permeability and water-retaining property with the advanced age pine bark of degreasing through fully becoming thoroughly decomposed,
And the chances of survival of its harmful levels of pathogens and worm's ovum is considerably reduced, soft appearance promotes the growth of dendrobium candidum.This hair
It is exactly to be processed using raw material based on pine bark in bright, the processing method of dendrobium officinale substrate is as follows：
(1) rapid aging technique：Advanced age pine bark is broken into size in the broken of 0.8-1.5 or 0.8-2 cms
Bark is standby, and broken bark carries out sterilization processing afterwards, because cold sterilization can not all kill the microorganism in broken bark, because
This is processed by high temperature sterilization, and sterilization is carried out using vertical boiler pressure piping equipment, and the steam temperature in boiler is not less than
93 degree, steam temperature control is preferred at 100 degree or so, and continual vertical boiler pressurized, heated is carried out to broken bark within 24 hours
High temperature sterilization, makes the vapor in boiler reach saturated vapor, therefore sterilized sterilized and level pressure back-pressure mode using counter-pressure
Effect is better than common mode.Heap fermentation is sealed after high temperature sterilization again -90 days 30 days, preferably fermentation time was for 60 days or so
It is good.This matrix plants dendrobium candidum survival rate to 98%, and quality reaches organic standard.The purpose of this step is in the short time
The interior harmful levels of pathogens and worm's ovum for fully becoming thoroughly decomposed and thoroughly removing in broken bark, it is ensured that security, the high efficiency become thoroughly decomposed.
(2) degreasing：Using HTHP boiling technology thoroughly removal fail in technique of becoming thoroughly decomposed remove be unfavorable for iron sheet
The lipid material of stem of noble dendrobium growth.Improve the physical behavior of pine bark piece gauge structure in itself, the water holding in enhancing pine tree skin graft footpath simultaneously
Power and keeping fertility, make up the inadequate shortcoming of general bark matrix preservation capacity of water and fertility.
(3) raw material is configured：The matrix used in dendrobium candidum artificial growth generally have bark, wood chip, sphagna, peat soil,
River sand.The raw material proportioning for being wherein best suitable for Growth of Dendrobium candidum matrix is：The broken pine bark of 63 weight portions, size is at 0.5-1 lis
Between rice；The handstone of 26 weight portions, size is between 0.5-0.8 centimetres；The coarse grain river sand of 11 weight portions.Above-mentioned dispensing mixing
The raw material of the plantation stem of noble dendrobium is processed into by operations such as artificial sterilized, crushing, screenings.The raw material of this kind of proportioning have water conservation,
The advantages of good permeability, various nutritions are sufficient, use time is long, officinal dendrobium stem plantation base is particularly suitable for according to Germicidal efficacy
Matter.
After raw material is configured, it is possible to carry out the plantation of the stem of noble dendrobium using this raw material, plantation is comprised the following steps that：
Selection of land：Sunshade is chosen, is conducive to the soil of ventilation, lay quick lime sterilization after leveling land on soil,
For removing subterranean pest-insect.
Build canopy：Greenhouse (20-25 meter) is built on soil after smooth, seedbed is built in greenhouse, seedbed drainage is ventilative, is
The stem of noble dendrobium provides good growing environment, seedbed is liftoff 20-60 centimetres, play a part of effective insect prevention, preferably liftoff 50 lis of seedbed
Rice.The raw material that spreading is configured on seedbed.In order to ensure the ecological environment in greenhouse, it is necessary to the insect pest of peripheral space is originated into
Row physical barrier, can not only reduce Pesticide use and cost-effective, be greatly improved the edible pharmaceutical safety of dendrobium candidum.
Nursery：In the selection of stem of noble dendrobium kind and seedling specification, the present invention selection Zhejiang introduces a collection and tissue-cultured seedling water moderate,
Based on farm manure.
Dendrobium candidum is the medicinal material of Precious, Rare, Endangered, and artificial growth is its growth creation suitable environment from root and on the ground, and
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out using purely physical method, the generation of pest and disease damage is significantly reduced, is realized and is safely and efficiently planted.
Dendrobium candidum would ordinarily be encountered soft rot and black spot during plantation, use the pure plant liquid prepared
Body does insecticide, and preventing and treating snail, Jie's acarid, luxuriant and rich with fragrance shield, (quick lime) is used with 100 jin of water de- 3 jin of quick limes after scientific matching.
The dendrobium candidum obtained with full ecological technique implantation methods of the invention, pure natural, best in quality, free from extraneous odour, brought down a fever with yin-nourishing,
Promote the production of body fluid cough-relieving, coordinating intestines and stomach, can improve the functions such as body's immunity.
Plantation：Copying wild environment carries out dendrobium candidum plantation, and officinal dendrobium stem plantation plantation plot preferably selects ecological condition
The woods similar to dendrobium candidum wild environment, 80% or so, winter temperature is at subzero 5 degree or so, and the woods are close for air humidity
Degree is unsuitable excessive, it is ensured that have the sunlight of abundance, seeds.In Tree Species Selection based on pear tree, pine tree, these barks are thick, there is vertical
Ditch, water content is big, and trunk is thick to contribute to Growth of Dendrobium candidum.
In the greenhouse dendrobium candidum of growth 2 years again transfer on tree.Here the trees environment of Growth of Dendrobium candidum is aided in
Need suitable Growth of Dendrobium candidum, seedlings of Dendrobium officinale is fixed in the tree using straw rope, plantation seedling in the tree, it is liftoff most
Low clearance is preferred with 80 cms, and 5 layers of dendrobium candidum can be planted in each tree, with spacing between the dendrobium candidum on a tree
35 cms, altogether plant 5 layers, such planting patterns it is real dendrobium candidum imitating wild planting, that is, be not take up plough
Forest land is not earned with forestry, make full use of resource, allow dendrobium candidum to breathe the anion enriched in forest heartily, while also bigger
Degree ground imitates dendrobium candidum wild environment, and improve quality, geographical position creates good ecological ring to Growth of Dendrobium candidum
Border, that is, protect ecology, and huge economic benefit is generated again.
Fertilising：
The dendrobium candidum of imitating wild planting is mainly applied fertilizer using farm manure with biogas slurry, and being sprayed after proportioning dilution makes
With.Time is with number of times depending on Growth of Dendrobium candidum and combination rainfall.
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Black spot often occurs in the 3-5 months, and preventing and treating sprays preventing and treating with hundred safe dilutions；Anthracnose is in Chun Moxia
Occur under first hot conditions, the dilution of preventing and treating zineb sprays preventing and treating.
By practice, the kind shoot survival percent of the dendrobium candidum plantation raw material planting manufactured using the above method is generally higher than hundred
/ 90, it is transferred to the dendrobium candidum after being grown on tree and substantially all survives.
The preferred embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention is these are only, embodiment is not intended to limit the invention, it is all at this
Within the spirit and principle of inventive embodiments, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in of the invention real
Apply in the protection domain of example.
Claims (8)
1. dendrobium candidum plants process for preparing raw material, it is characterised in that：
(1) sterilized, fermentation：Sterilization is carried out after bark is crushed, sterilized process kills the microorganism in bark, and sterilization is completed
Broken bark is sealed into heap fermentation 30-90 days afterwards；
(2) degreasing：Bark after fermentation carries out degreasing, the remaining lipid for being unfavorable for Growth of Dendrobium candidum in removal bark
Matter；
(3) raw material is configured：Any one or a few in bark and wood chip, sphagna, peat soil, river sand, stone after degreasing is mixed
Conjunction forms the plantation raw material of the stem of noble dendrobium.
2. dendrobium candidum according to claim 1 plants process for preparing raw material, it is characterised in that：The sterilization process is used
High temperature sterilization.
3. dendrobium candidum according to claim 1 plants process for preparing raw material, it is characterised in that：Sterilization is killed using counter-pressure
Bacterium is carried out with level pressure back-pressure mode.
4. dendrobium candidum according to claim 1 plants process for preparing raw material, it is characterised in that：Using vertical in sterilization process
Formula Boiler High Pressure pipeline carries out sterilization, and the steam temperature in vertical boiler is greater than or equal to 93 degree, steams the water in vertical boiler
Vapour forms saturated vapor.
5. dendrobium candidum according to claim 1 plants process for preparing raw material, it is characterised in that：Plantation raw material includes 63
The pine bark of weight portion, the stone of 26 weight portions, the river sand of 11 weight portions.
6. dendrobium candidum according to claim 1 plants process for preparing raw material, it is characterised in that：The bark is pine tree
Skin.
7. implantation methods of dendrobium candidum, it is characterised in that：
(1) level land, choose sunshade, be conducive to ventilation soil carry out it is smooth, it is smooth it is good after life is laid on the apprentice
Lime carries out sterilized, deinsectization；
(2) greenhouse is built：Greenhouse is built on smooth good soil；
(3) seedbed is built：Seedbed is built in greenhouse, seedbed is liftoff 20-60 centimetres, sowed seeds plant raw material on seedbed upper berth；
(4) breeding：Seedling is sowed seeds or planted in plantation raw material；
(5) transplant seedlings：Seedling early growth goes out after 2 years with soil mud, and the seedling straw rope of removal is fixed in the tree.
8. implantation methods of dendrobium candidum according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Five groups of seedlings are fixed in each tree,
The distance of 30-40 centimetres of spacing between every group, the distance of minimum seedling apart from 50-90 centimetres of ground.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114208647A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-22 | 湖北兴杰农业科技股份有限公司 | Efficient cultivation method for planting dendrobium officinale |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114208647A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-22 | 湖北兴杰农业科技股份有限公司 | Efficient cultivation method for planting dendrobium officinale |
| CN114208647B (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2023-12-22 | 湖北兴杰农业科技股份有限公司 | Efficient cultivation method for dendrobium candidum planting |
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Application publication date: 20170531 |