CN105850684A - Dendrobium candidum planting substrate containing modified biochar and preparation method of Dendrobium candidum planting substrate - Google Patents
Dendrobium candidum planting substrate containing modified biochar and preparation method of Dendrobium candidum planting substrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN105850684A CN105850684A CN201610270627.8A CN201610270627A CN105850684A CN 105850684 A CN105850684 A CN 105850684A CN 201610270627 A CN201610270627 A CN 201610270627A CN 105850684 A CN105850684 A CN 105850684A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Dendrobium candidum planting substrate containing modified biochar. The planting substrate comprises a substrate A, a substrate B and a substrate C which are stacked sequentially from bottom to top, wherein the substrate A is prepared from 10-20 parts by weight of dry rice straw or 10-20 parts by weight of dry sugarcane leaves; the substrate B is prepared from 5-20 parts by weight of silkworm dropping, 10-30 parts of rice bran and the like; the substrate C is prepared from 15-45 parts by weight of the modified biochar, 15-45 parts by weight of withered weed trees, 15-45 parts by weight of paulownia peel and the like. A preparation method is simple and easily understood, the prepared planting substrate overcomes the defects of rot, airtightness and water retention incapability after long-time use, is low in cost and comprehensive in nutrition, better facilitates growth of Dendrobium candidum and promotes the stems of the Dendrobium candidum to grow thicker and stronger and a root system to be more developed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to edible product technical field, be specifically related to a kind of dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal and preparation thereof
Method.
Background technology
In state-owned sentence old saying be called " north has ginseng, south to have maple bucket ", described maple bucket, be the group of the curling that stem of Dendrobium is made
Shape particle, the stem of noble dendrobium, particularly dendrobium candidum (Dendrobium candidum wall.ex Lindl.) is the orchid family
(Orchidaeae) Dendrobium (Dendrobium) herbaceos perennial, is China's rare Chinese medicine, is that country's second class protection is planted
Thing, have " the celestial grass of China ", the laudatory title of " gold in medicine ", first of row " Chinese nine immortal grass ", by international medicinal plant
Boundary is referred to as " medicine circle giant panda ".Have immunological regulation, the effect such as delay senility, and is not only familiar " 'Mailuoning ' injection
Liquid " required raw material, or tens of kinds of Chinese patent drugs and the necessary raw material of health products.
In Shennong's Herbal, dendrobium candidum is listed in top grade, has nourishing Yin and moistening lung, nourishing the stomach to improve the production of body fluid, and the merit such as moisten the lung and relieve the cough
Effect.Modern pharmacological research shows, dendrobium candidum also has enhancing immunity, anti-aging, anticancer, antifatigue, expansion blood vessel
Effect.Dendrobium candidum is mainly distributed on the tropical and subtropical region such as China, Thailand, Burma, Vietnam, domestic with Guangxi, cloud
South, Deng Weiyuan main producing region, Guizhou.Owing to human lives's scope constantly expands, add that long-term transition is plucked, existing wild resource
Being on the verge of exhaustion, purchase volume significantly declines.China forbids felling for many years so that the market price significantly raises up.Iron sheet stone
Dry measure used in former times is difficult to meet the market demand because wild resource is exhausted, it is therefore desirable to a large amount of artificial cultivations are to meet the market demand constantly expanded.
From life in the environment that wild Dendrodium is grown in illumination warm, moistening, few, the most ventilative, root system is breathed freely, draining is good,
Needing to adhere to trees, precipice seam carries out climbing raw or hanging growth, and the growth of iron sheet is the harshest to the requirement of environment.Some of China
Scientific research institution and business unit train the group of orchid dendrobium candidum and artificial cultivation technique is constantly explored and tests, and takes
Obtaining certain achievement, but remain at dendrobium candidum transplanting survival rate low, the speed of growth is slow, and yield is the highest, active constituent content
The subject matter such as low.
People study from the planting matrix of the artificial growth stem of noble dendrobium and test in recent years, achieve certain achievement, but still
There is dendrobium candidum transplanting survival rate low, the speed of growth is slow, the subject matters such as yield is the highest, and active constituent content is low.People's work post
The planting matrix planting the stem of noble dendrobium mainly has bark, wood chip, sphagna, peat soil, river sand, and the matrix being wherein best suitable for growth is water
Tongue, bark and wood chip.Sphagna moss, can use after sterilization through simple washing, but its price comparison is high, because of
This causes the cost up of plant development, and most plantation family can not be accepted, and wood chip has the most excellent compared with sphagna in price
Gesture, but wood chip needs to process by fermentation before the use, and easily rot in planting process, need to change, need a large amount of
Manpower and materials.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal and preparation method thereof, preparation method letter
Single the most understandable, and the planting matrix prepared of the present invention overcomes matrix Long-Time Service and rots airtight, not water conservation, needs to change, and
Low cost, nutrition is complete；Offer during each growth, the most dexterously by the way of three stackings add, is closed by matrix targetedly
The fertility of reason, is more beneficial for the growth of dendrobium candidum, promotes dendrobium candidum stem to look more sturdy, and root system is more flourishing.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal, including being sequentially overlapped matrix A of setting, matrix B from the bottom to top
With matrix C；According to ratio of weight and number meter, described matrix A is dry rice straw 10-20 part or dry sugarcane top 10-20 part；Described base
Matter B is silkworm excrement 5-20 part, rice bran 10-30 part, pinecone 15-45 part, leaf mould 10-30 part and water wax gourd bark 10-30 part
Mixture；Described matrix C is modification biological charcoal 15-45 part, rotten weedtree 15-45 part, paulownia pericarp 15-45 part, corncob
Mixing of 15-45 part, pine bark 15-45 part, tea seed episperm 15-45 part, mulberry tree limb 10-50 part and ceramic grain filter 16-43 part
Compound；The thickness of described matrix A is 2-5cm, and the thickness of described matrix B is 1-2cm, and the thickness of described matrix C is 2-5cm；
Described modification biological charcoal is according to ratio of weight and number meter, by stalk 50-70 part, magnesium hydroxide 1-10 part or/and hydroxide
After aluminium 1-10 part, magnesium salts 3-8 part and calcium salt 3-8 part are mixed to get mixture, it is dissolved in 20-30 part deionized water, at 80-110
Impregnate 2-5 hour at DEG C, add bamboo charcoal powder after then carrying out thermal cracking charing under the conditions of 500 DEG C-800 DEG C and mix again 90 in the lump
Modification biological charcoal is i.e. can get after carrying out under the conditions of DEG C-110 DEG C heating 30-60min.
In the present invention, further instruction, described modification biological charcoal uses anaerobism to add nitrogen during carrying out thermal cracking charing
Mode is carried out.
In the present invention, further instruction, the time of described thermal cracking charing is 10-20S.
In the present invention, further instruction, described magnesium salts is magnesia or/and antifungin；Described calcium salt be calcium carbonate or/and
Calcium oxide.
In the present invention, further instruction, described stalk be maize straw, broomcorn straw, sugarcane stalk, rice straw or
Wheat stalk.
In the present invention, further instruction, described rotten weedtree is half corrosion oak trunk, half corrosion pomegranate trunk, half corrosion
Two or more mixture in tangerine orange trunk, half corrosion pear tree trunk, half corrosion pine tree trunk and half corrosion Chinese honey locust branch.
The preparation method of a kind of dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) matrix A dry rice straw or dry sugarcane top are cut into 5-10cm length, after then using quick lime to carry out disinfection, are laid in
Bottom culturing rack；
(2) the water wax gourd bark in matrix B use boiling water dry, then by rice bran, the pinecone after soaking 10-15min degreasing
It is crushed to 0.5-1.5cm respectively with the water wax gourd bark after drying, then according to ratio of weight and number, mixes with silkworm excrement and leaf mould,
Re-use anaerobic fermentation 20-30 days after many spirit bacterium that volumetric concentration is 30%-50% carry out disinfection, be finally laid on above matrix A；
(3) use boiling water to soak after 5-10min degreasing the pine bark in matrix C to dry, then by corncob with after drying
Pine bark is crushed to 1-3cm respectively, and tea seed episperm, peanut shell are crushed to 0.5-2cm respectively, then according to ratio of weight and number, with rotten
Weedtree, paulownia pericarp, haydite and the mixing of modification biological charcoal, re-use after many spirit bacterium that volumetric concentration is 30%-50% carry out disinfection and detest
Aerobe fermentation 20-30 days, is finally laid in matrix B, i.e. can obtain the dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal.
Containing eleostearic acid, fat oil, flavonoids, alkaloid in paulownia pericarp.
Silkworm excrement contain organic matter thing 83.77～90.44%, ash content 9.56～16.23%, nitrogen pool 1.91～3.60%, the most fragmentary,
There is good hydrophobic performance.
Rice bran contains main component protein 15%, fat 16%-22%, sugar 3%-8%, moisture 10%, its water-retaining property, permeability are good,
Good rhizospheric environment can be created for plant growth, can be also that crop provides a large amount of nutrients.
The pinecone, corrosion-resistant, containing protein 15.3%, fat 63%, carbohydrate 13%.
Leaf mould not only permeability is good, is suitable for root growth needs, and has preferable water conservation fertilizer-preserving ability；Concrete dynamic modulus,
Chronic administration does not hardens, and is easily absorbed by plants；Mixed with other soil, soil can be improved, increase soil fertility；Rich in organic
Matter, humic acid and a small amount of vitamin, auxin, trace element etc., a large amount of mineral matters, based on calcium, potassium, sulphur, phosphorus are secondly；
Growing of plant can be promoted；High temperature in decomposing and fermenting can kill germ therein, worm's ovum and weed seed etc., reduces disease
Worm, Weed infestation.
Water wax gourd bark contains cupreol (β-sitooierol), removes first eugenin (noreugenin), east gelsemium henbane element
(scopoletin) and east gelsemium henbane glucoside (scopolin), benzoic acid (benzoic acid), there is the characteristic of moisture-proof.
Modification biological charcoal, is prepared by the method for the present invention the modification biological charcoal obtained, not only supplies iron rich in Dalian height nutrient
The growth of the skin stem of noble dendrobium absorbs, and the specific surface area that modified charcoal has reaches 2000-2600m2/ g, micro pore volume about 95%,
Its micropore size 10A-20A, the specific surface area having is big, aperture is moderate, be evenly distributed, and has the strongest adsorption capacity and thoroughly
Gas.
The processing of corncob corn rod threshing is made through strict screening again, becomes rich in sugar, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre
Point, and there is the advantages such as even tissue, hardness is suitable, good toughness, water imbibition are strong, anti-wear performance is good.
Pine bark is containing higher N, P, K, Ca, Mg；Stable physical characteristic, decomposes uniform, slow, reaches long-acting fertilising ground
Effect, has good gas permeability and controls air, effect of moisture.
Containing Tea Saponin, tea seed polysaccharide, tea seed albumen, oil tea saponin etc. in tea seed episperm, oil tea saponin also has antibacterial and anti-oxidant
Effect, tea shell or a kind of good culture matrix.
Peanut shell contains the multiple nutrients materials such as abundant fat, starch, cellulose, mineral matter, vitamin.
What ceramic grain filter contained is mainly composed of silica, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, iron oxide and magnesia；Have surface hard,
Internal many micropores, porosity high, air-permeable, hydrophobic.
The device have the advantages that for:
1, the present invention uses the mode that matrix layering superposition is arranged cleverly, and the matrix of every layer is selected according to the position difference arranged
Material is different.Bottom uses dry rice straw or dry sugarcane top, ensure that substrate base is breathed freely in plantation dendrobium candidum early stage ventilative, anti-
Only soil humidity is excessive, causes the dendrobium candidum root system of field planting to rot, reduces survival rate, after planting phase dry rice straw or dry sugarcane
Leaf will be corroded, and discharge substantial amounts of thick protein, crude fat, crude fibre, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, cinder
Part, calcium and phosphorus, can provide nutritional labeling in the growth in dendrobium candidum later stage.Middle level uses silkworm excrement, rice bran, the pinecone, leaf mould
With at least one in water wax gourd bark as the middle level matrix of culture medium, rice bran rich in organic substance, the most friendly microorganism
Growth, and there is the effect of water conservation, but it is difficult to hydrophobic；Leaf mould is provided that substantial amounts of nutrient, water conservation fertilizer conservation, but hydrophobicity is poor；
The characteristic with moisture-proof of water wax gourd bark, and go first eugenin, benzoic acid to have certain bacteriostasis；Silkworm excrement is hydrophobic
Property is good；The pinecone is not only rich in macronutrient, and hydrophobicity is preferable；Employing has macronutrient with addition of having good dredging
The mode of the material of aqueous energy, as middle level matrix, both can guarantee that the nutriment that dendrobium candidum is required in growth, moreover it is possible to ensures
Hydrophobicity is good, the beneficially healthy growth of dendrobium candidum.Upper strata is provided with 2-5CM, starting field planting dendrobium candidum when,
Upper strata is to provide the main source of nutriment, and cutting nutriment can not be superfluous, easily causes burn seedlings phenomenon, until dendrobium candidum
Well developed root system grows downwards, middle level matrix continue to provide growth desired substance, and therefore, the applicant draws through overtesting, choosing
The matrix of material both needed the nutriment needed for offer dendrobium candidum primary growth just, had needed again water conservation fertilizer conservation Li Shui；
Corncob, peanut shell, tea seed episperm are all rich in multiple nutrients material, and in tea seed episperm, Tea Saponin also has suppression harmful fungoid and antioxygen
Change effect, corncob hardness adapts to, good toughness, and the most perishable avoiding reduces hydrophobic performance, also has strong water imbibition, paulownia fruit
Alkaloid in skin can promote Seeds of Dendrobium Candidum sprout, the growth of sprouting, dendrobium candidum in growth by free nitrogen element
Combine synthesizing amino acid with the ketone acid of paulownia pericarp offer, increases the nutritive value of dendrobium candidum；Nutriment in pine bark is held concurrently
Turn round and look at N, P, K and good stability, decompose uniformly, slowly, it is to avoid decompose too fast so that fertility is superfluous, causes burn seedlings, is mixed into
Haydite can increase overlayer matrix gap, and its rough surface, many micropores, internal void are flourishing, and specific surface area is big, thus raw
Thing bacterium adhesive ability is strong, and breeding is fast, biofilm efficiency is high, after the formula selection mixing of matrix C, has that porosity is big, maximum is held
The physical and chemical indexs such as the water yield is good, Growth of Dendrobium candidum desired nutritional material is complete, pH value are good, and the dendrobium candidum stem cultivated is thick
Strong.
2. the method for the present invention preparation dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal is simple, easily operates, and to matrix A, base
Matter B, matrix C carry out disinfection, and reduce the survival rate of harmful bacteria；Water waxgourd peel and pine bark are carried out pre-ungrease treatment, will have
Aliphatic radical hydrolysis in machine compound is fallen, and makes inside water waxgourd peel and pine bark without lipid, avoids fat during Growth of Dendrobium candidum
Class material hinders dendrobium candidum preferably to absorb organic salt and moisture；Straw charring is utilized to become modification biological charcoal, it is possible to effectively profit
With discarded object, and it is calcined through and adds nitrogen in anaerobic and can generate modification biological charcoal in very short time preparation, substantially reduce preparation
Time cycle, reduce production cost, and the modification biological charcoal modification biological charcoal prepared, be prepared by the method for the present invention and obtain
Modification biological charcoal, not only absorb rich in Dalian height nutrient supply Growth of Dendrobium candidum, and modified charcoal have
Specific surface area reaches 2000-2600m2/ g, micro pore volume about 95%, its micropore size 10A-20A, the specific surface area having is big,
Aperture is moderate, be evenly distributed, and has the strongest adsorption capacity and gas permeability, has both been provided that nutritional labeling, and water suction ensures matrix again
Humidity and ventilative dendrobium candidum root system can be fully contacted with air, the growing environment of construction is fabulous, it is ensured that dendrobium candidum
Quality.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further illustrated, so that advantages and features of the invention are easier to be understood below by specific embodiment, it should
Being understood by, embodiments of the invention are only used for the present invention rather than limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal, including being sequentially overlapped matrix A of setting, matrix B from the bottom to top
With matrix C；The thickness of matrix A is 2cm, and the thickness of matrix B is 1cm, and the thickness of matrix C is 2cm；
According to ratio of weight and number meter, matrix A takes dry rice straw 10 parts；
Matrix B takes silkworm excrement 5 parts, 10 parts of rice bran, the pinecone 15 parts, leaf mould 10 parts and the mixture of 10 parts of water wax gourd bark；
Matrix C takes modification biological charcoal 15 parts, half 5 parts of oak trunk of corrosion, half 5 parts of pomegranate trunk of corrosion, partly corrodes common mandarin
Dry 5 parts, half 5 parts of pear tree trunk of corrosion, half 5 parts of pine tree trunk of corrosion and half 20 parts of Chinese honey locust branch of corrosion, 15 parts of paulownia pericarp,
Corncob 15 parts, pine bark 15 parts, tea seed episperm 15 parts, mulberry tree limb 10 parts and the mixture of ceramic grain filter 16 parts；
The method being prepared as dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal by matrix A of said ratio, B, C, concrete steps
As follows:
(1) after maize straw 50 parts, magnesium hydroxide 1 part, 3 parts of magnesia and 3 parts of calcium carbonate being mixed to get mixture,
Being dissolved in 20 parts of deionized waters, impregnate 2 hours at 80 DEG C, then at 300 DEG C, anaerobism carries out thermal cracking charcoal under conditions of adding nitrogen
Change and add bamboo charcoal powder after 10S and mix in the lump and carry out heating 30min under the conditions of 90 DEG C again and i.e. can get modification biological charcoal, standby；
(2) matrix A dry rice straw is cut into 5cm length, after then using quick lime to carry out disinfection, is laid in bottom culturing rack；
(3) use boiling water to soak after 10min degreasing on the water wax gourd bark in matrix B to dry, then by rice bran, the pinecone with dry in the air
Water wax gourd bark after Gan is crushed to 0.5cm respectively, then according to ratio of weight and number, mixes with silkworm excrement and leaf mould, re-uses
Volumetric concentration be 30% many spirit bacterium carry out disinfection after anaerobic fermentation 20 days, be finally laid on above matrix A；
(4) use boiling water to soak after 5min degreasing the pine bark in matrix C to dry, then by corncob and the pine after drying
Bark is crushed to 1cm respectively, and tea seed episperm, peanut shell are crushed to 0.5cm respectively, then according to ratio of weight and number, and partly corrodes oak
Ebon is dry, half corrosion pomegranate trunk, half corrosion tangerine orange trunk, half corrosion pear tree trunk, half corrosion pine tree trunk, partly corrode soap
Pod branch, paulownia pericarp, haydite and the mixing of modification biological charcoal, re-use anaerobism after many spirit bacterium that volumetric concentration is 30% carry out disinfection
Ferment 20 days, be finally laid in matrix B, i.e. can obtain the dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal, including being sequentially overlapped matrix A of setting, matrix B from the bottom to top
With matrix C；The thickness of matrix A is 5cm, and the thickness of matrix B is 2cm, and the thickness of matrix C is 5cm；
According to ratio of weight and number meter, matrix A takes dry rice straw 20 parts；
Matrix B takes silkworm excrement 20 parts, 30 parts of rice bran, the pinecone 45 parts, leaf mould 30 parts and the mixture of 30 parts of water wax gourd bark；
Matrix C takes modification biological charcoal 45 parts, half 5 parts of oak trunk of corrosion, half 5 parts of pomegranate trunk of corrosion, partly corrodes common mandarin
Dry 5 parts, 45 parts of paulownia pericarp, corncob 45 parts, pine bark 45 parts, tea seed episperm 45 parts, mulberry tree limb 50 parts and haydite filter
Expect the mixture of 43 parts；
The method being prepared as dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal by matrix A of said ratio, B, C, concrete steps
As follows:
(1) after broomcorn straw 70 parts, magnesium hydroxide 10 parts, 8 parts of magnesia and 8 parts of calcium carbonate being mixed to get mixture,
Being dissolved in 30 parts of deionized waters, impregnate 5 hours at 110 DEG C, then at 500 DEG C, anaerobism carries out thermal cracking under conditions of adding nitrogen
Add after charing 20S bamboo charcoal powder mix in the lump carry out under the conditions of 110 DEG C again heating 60min after i.e. can get modification biological charcoal, standby
With；
(2) matrix A dry rice straw is cut into 10cm length, after then using quick lime to carry out disinfection, is laid in bottom culturing rack；
(3) use boiling water to soak after 15min degreasing on the water wax gourd bark in matrix B to dry, then by rice bran, the pinecone with dry in the air
Water wax gourd bark after Gan is crushed to 1.5cm respectively, then according to ratio of weight and number, mixes with silkworm excrement and leaf mould, re-uses
Volumetric concentration be 50% many spirit bacterium carry out disinfection after anaerobic fermentation 30 days, be finally laid on above matrix A；
(4) use boiling water to soak after 10min degreasing the pine bark in matrix C to dry, then by corncob and the pine after drying
Bark is crushed to 3cm respectively, and tea seed episperm, peanut shell are crushed to 2cm respectively, then according to ratio of weight and number, and partly corrodes oak
Trunk, half corrosion pomegranate trunk, half corrosion tangerine orange trunk, paulownia pericarp, haydite and the mixing of modification biological charcoal, re-use volume dense
Degree be 50% many spirit bacterium carry out disinfection after anaerobic fermentation 30 days, be finally laid in matrix B, i.e. can obtain containing modification biological charcoal
Dendrobium candidum planting matrix.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal, including being sequentially overlapped matrix A of setting, matrix B from the bottom to top
With matrix C；The thickness of matrix A is 3cm, and the thickness of matrix B is 2cm, and the thickness of matrix C is 3cm；
According to ratio of weight and number meter, matrix A takes dry sugarcane top 10 parts；
Matrix B takes silkworm excrement 10 parts, 15 parts of rice bran, the pinecone 20 parts, leaf mould 15 parts and the mixture of 15 parts of water wax gourd bark；
Matrix C takes modification biological charcoal 25 parts, half 15 parts of pear tree trunk of corrosion, half 5 parts of pine tree trunk of corrosion and partly corrodes Chinese honey locust
10 parts of branch, 25 parts of paulownia pericarp, corncob 20 parts, pine bark 20 parts, tea seed episperm 20 parts, peanut shell 20 parts and haydite
The mixture of 25 parts；
The method being prepared as dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal by matrix A of said ratio, B, C, concrete steps
As follows:
(1) after sugarcane stalk 55 parts, 5 parts of aluminium hydroxide, antifungin 4 parts and 4 parts of calcium oxide being mixed to get mixture,
Being dissolved in 25 parts of deionized waters, impregnate 2.5 hours at 90 DEG C, then at 350 DEG C, anaerobism carries out thermal cracking under conditions of adding nitrogen
Add bamboo charcoal powder after charing 12S to mix in the lump and carry out heating 40min again under the conditions of 100 DEG C and i.e. can get modification biological charcoal, standby；
(2) dry for matrix A sugarcane top is cut into 6cm length, after then using quick lime to carry out disinfection, is laid in bottom culturing rack；
(3) use boiling water to soak after 11min degreasing on the water wax gourd bark in matrix B to dry, then by rice bran, the pinecone with dry in the air
Water wax gourd bark after Gan is crushed to 0.8cm respectively, then according to ratio of weight and number, mixes with silkworm excrement and leaf mould, re-uses
Volumetric concentration be 35% many spirit bacterium carry out disinfection after anaerobic fermentation 23 days, be finally laid on above matrix A；
(4) use boiling water to soak after 6min degreasing the pine bark in matrix C to dry, then by corncob and the pine after drying
Bark is crushed to 1.5cm respectively, and tea seed episperm, peanut shell are crushed to 0.8cm respectively, then according to ratio of weight and number, with half corrosion
Pear tree trunk, half corrosion pine tree trunk, half corrosion Chinese honey locust branch, paulownia pericarp, haydite and the mixing of modification biological charcoal, re-use body
Volume concentrations be 35% many spirit bacterium carry out disinfection after anaerobic fermentation 22 days, be finally laid in matrix B, i.e. can obtain containing modification biological
The dendrobium candidum planting matrix of charcoal.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal, including being sequentially overlapped matrix A of setting, matrix B from the bottom to top
With matrix C；The thickness of matrix A is 4cm, and the thickness of matrix B is 1.5cm, and the thickness of matrix C is 4cm；
According to ratio of weight and number meter, matrix A takes dry sugarcane top 18 parts；
Matrix B takes silkworm excrement 13 parts, 22 parts of rice bran, the pinecone 26 parts, leaf mould 23 parts and the mixture of 27 parts of water wax gourd bark；
Matrix C takes modification biological charcoal 32 parts, half 10 parts of oak trunk of corrosion, half 12 parts of tangerine orange trunk of corrosion, partly corrodes pine tree
13 parts of trunk, 40 parts of paulownia pericarp, corncob 30 parts, pine bark 30 parts, tea seed episperm 28 parts, peanut shell 22 parts and haydite
The mixture of 40 parts；
The method being prepared as dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal by matrix A of said ratio, B, C, concrete steps
As follows:
(1) by rice straw 65 parts, magnesium hydroxide 5 parts, 5 parts of aluminium hydroxide, 3 parts of magnesia, antifungin 3 parts, carbon
After acid calcium 4 parts, 3 parts of calcium oxide are mixed to get mixture, it is dissolved in 28 parts of deionized waters, impregnates 3.5 hours at 100 DEG C,
Then at 400 DEG C, anaerobism adds bamboo charcoal powder after carrying out thermal cracking charing 15S under conditions of adding nitrogen and mixes in the lump again under the conditions of 108 DEG C
Carry out heating 45min and i.e. can get modification biological charcoal, standby；
(2) dry for matrix A sugarcane top is cut into 7cm length, after then using quick lime to carry out disinfection, is laid in bottom culturing rack；
(3) use boiling water to soak after 13min degreasing on the water wax gourd bark in matrix B to dry, then by rice bran, the pinecone with dry in the air
Water wax gourd bark after Gan is crushed to 1.0cm respectively, then according to ratio of weight and number, mixes with silkworm excrement and leaf mould, re-uses
Volumetric concentration be 40% many spirit bacterium carry out disinfection after anaerobic fermentation 28 days, be finally laid on above matrix A；
(4) use boiling water to soak after 8min degreasing the pine bark in matrix C to dry, then by corncob and the pine after drying
Bark is crushed to 2cm respectively, and tea seed episperm, peanut shell are crushed to 1.0cm respectively, then according to ratio of weight and number, and partly corrodes oak
Ebon is dry, partly corrosion tangerine orange trunk, half corrosion pine tree trunk, paulownia pericarp, haydite and the mixing of modification biological charcoal, re-uses volume
Concentration be 45% many spirit bacterium carry out disinfection after anaerobic fermentation 25 days, be finally laid in matrix B, i.e. can obtain containing modification biological charcoal
Dendrobium candidum planting matrix.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal, including being sequentially overlapped matrix A of setting, matrix B from the bottom to top
With matrix C；The thickness of matrix A is 4.5cm, and the thickness of matrix B is 2cm, and the thickness of matrix C is 3.5cm；
According to ratio of weight and number meter, matrix A takes dry rice straw 18 parts；
Matrix B takes silkworm excrement 18 parts, 27 parts of rice bran, the pinecone 36 parts, leaf mould 26 parts and the mixture of 24 parts of water wax gourd bark；
Matrix C takes modification biological charcoal 38 parts, half 8 parts of oak trunk of corrosion, half 8 parts of pomegranate trunk of corrosion, half corrosion pear tree tree
Dry 8 parts, half 8 parts of Chinese honey locust branch of corrosion, 38 parts of paulownia pericarp, corncob 16 parts, pine bark 17 parts, tea seed episperm 16 parts,
Peanut shell 17 parts and the mixture of haydite 28 parts；
The method being prepared as dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal by matrix A of said ratio, B, C, concrete steps
As follows:
(1) wheat stalk 60 parts, magnesium hydroxide 6 parts, 3 parts of magnesia, antifungin 3 parts and 7 parts of calcium oxide are mixed
After mixture, being dissolved in 26 parts of deionized waters, impregnate 4 hours at 105 DEG C, then at 380 DEG C, anaerobism adds the condition of nitrogen
Under carry out thermal cracking charing 18S after add bamboo charcoal powder and mix that to carry out heating the i.e. available modification of 37min again under the conditions of 95 DEG C raw in the lump
Thing charcoal, standby；
(2) matrix A dry rice straw is cut into 9cm length, after then using quick lime to carry out disinfection, is laid in bottom culturing rack；
(3) use boiling water to soak after 14min degreasing on the water wax gourd bark in matrix B to dry, then by rice bran, the pinecone with dry in the air
Water wax gourd bark after Gan is crushed to 1.2cm respectively, then according to ratio of weight and number, mixes with silkworm excrement and leaf mould, re-uses
Volumetric concentration be 42% many spirit bacterium carry out disinfection after anaerobic fermentation 22 days, be finally laid on above matrix A；
(4) use boiling water to soak after 8min degreasing the pine bark in matrix C to dry, then by corncob and the pine after drying
Bark is crushed to 2cm respectively, and tea seed episperm, peanut shell are crushed to 1.5cm respectively, then according to ratio of weight and number, and partly corrodes oak
Ebon does, half corrosion pomegranate trunk, partly corrosion pear tree trunk, partly corrosion Chinese honey locust branch, paulownia pericarp, haydite and modification biological charcoal
Mixing, re-uses anaerobic fermentation 28 days after many spirit bacterium that volumetric concentration is 42% carry out disinfection, is finally laid in matrix B,
Obtain the dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal.
The dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal embodiment 1-5 prepared, with traditional dendrobium officinale substrate (pine
Bark, fertile soil mix with river sand after bedding sphagna on the mixture) 30 dendrobium candidum seedlings of each field planting, wherein field planting spacing in the rows with
The field planting degree of depth, field planting dendrobium candidum seedling rising trend is homogeneous, and it is identical that field management such as determining root water is watered in field planting.In field planting 30,90,150
The plant height of it fixed point observation dendrobium candidum, stem are thick, simultaneously record dendrobium candidum survival rate (stem withered curved be considered as death)；Fixed
The method using five point samplings after planting 1 year gathers the dendrobium candidum of each planting matrix plantation, measures dendrobium candidum ground and underground
Fresh weight and dry weight, and measure root length and radical.
30,90,150 days dendrobium candidum plant heights of table 1 field planting, average situation table (cm) that stem is thick
As shown in Table 1, the dendrobium candidum planting matrix pair containing modification biological charcoal that the application of the invention method and raw material are prepared as
During the growth of dendrobium candidum to dendrobium candidum plant height, stem slightly, for being compared to traditional matrix plantation, the growth rate of plant height
It is improved with stem rugosity growth rate.
Dendrobium candidum fresh weight and average situation table (g) of dry weight after table 2 field planting 1 year
As shown in Table 2, the dendrobium candidum planting matrix pair containing modification biological charcoal that the application of the invention method and raw material are prepared as
During the growth of dendrobium candidum, strain whole to dendrobium candidum has the effect dramatically increased.It is compared to traditional matrix plantation, fresh weight
Aerial part can improve more than 25%, and the under ground portion of fresh weight can improve more than 20%, and the aerial part of dry weight improves more than 25%,
Dry weight under ground portion can improve more than 50%, from the point of view of dry ratio, the application of the invention raw material be prepared as containing modification
The root system of dendrobium candidum and rhizome are also had and promote a strong thick impact by the dendrobium candidum planting matrix of charcoal so that dry
After dry ratio rate of descent low, adds additional the economic worth of the whole strain of dendrobium candidum.
Dendrobium candidum root length and the average situation table of radical after table 3 field planting 1 year
| Process | Root length (cm) | Radical (root) |
| Embodiment 1 | 8.2 | 35 |
| Embodiment 2 | 8.0 | 38 |
| Embodiment 3 | 7.9 | 39 |
| Embodiment 4 | 7.8 | 40 |
| Embodiment 5 | 9.1 | 37 |
| Control group | 7.2 | 26 |
As shown in Table 3, the dendrobium candidum planting matrix pair containing modification biological charcoal that the application of the invention method and raw material are prepared as
For dendrobium candidum root length, radical are compared to during the growth of dendrobium candidum traditional matrix plantation, the growth rate of root length with
Radical growth rate is improved, and root length more lengthens the explanation dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal prepared of the present invention more
Being suitable for dendrobium candidum root system to grow downwards, beneficially after field planting, root growth, to matrix A, continues to discharge after absorption base A rots
Nutriment, the dendrobium candidum planting matrix hole containing modification biological charcoal prepared by radical many explanations present invention is many, passes through hole
Constantly growth, can make full use of favourable bacterium everywhere so that dendrobium candidum rising trend is more preferably.
Described above is the detailed description for the preferable possible embodiments of the present invention, but embodiment is not limited to the special of the present invention
Profit application range, the equal change completed under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention or modification change, the present invention all should be belonged to
Contained the scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. the dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal, it is characterised in that include being sequentially overlapped from the bottom to top setting
Matrix A, matrix B and matrix C；According to ratio of weight and number meter, described matrix A is dry rice straw 10-20 part or dry sugarcane top 10-20
Part；
Described matrix B is silkworm excrement 5-20 part, rice bran 10-30 part, pinecone 15-45 part, leaf mould 10-30 part and water wax gourd tree
The mixture of skin 10-30 part；
Described matrix C is modification biological charcoal 15-45 part, rotten weedtree 15-45 part, paulownia pericarp 15-45 part, corncob 15-45
Part, pine bark 15-45 part, tea seed episperm 15-45 part, mulberry tree limb 10-50 part and the mixture of ceramic grain filter 16-43 part；
The thickness of described matrix A is 2-5cm, and the thickness of described matrix B is 1-2cm, and the thickness of described matrix C is 2-5cm；
Described modification biological charcoal is according to ratio of weight and number meter, by stalk 50-70 part, magnesium hydroxide 1-10 part or/and hydroxide
After aluminium 1-10 part, magnesium salts 3-8 part and calcium salt 3-8 part are mixed to get mixture, it is dissolved in 20-30 part deionized water, at 80-110
At DEG C impregnate 2-5 hour, after then carrying out thermal cracking charing under the conditions of 500 DEG C-800 DEG C add bamboo charcoal powder mix in the lump then at
Carry out heating 30-60min under the conditions of 90 DEG C-110 DEG C and i.e. can get modification biological charcoal.
A kind of dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in change
Property the charcoal mode that carries out using anaerobism to add nitrogen during thermal cracking charing carry out.
A kind of dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described heat
The time of cracking charing is 10-20S.
A kind of dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described magnesium
Salt is magnesia or/and antifungin；Described calcium salt is calcium carbonate or/and calcium oxide.
A kind of dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described straw
Stalk is maize straw, broomcorn straw, sugarcane stalk, rice straw or wheat stalk.
A kind of dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described rotten
Weedtree is half corrosion oak trunk, half corrosion pomegranate trunk, half corrosion tangerine orange trunk, half corrosion pear tree trunk, partly corrodes pine tree
Two or more mixture in trunk and half corrosion Chinese honey locust branch.
7. according to the preparation side of a kind of dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal described in claim 1-6 any one
Method, it is characterised in that specifically comprise the following steps that
(1) matrix A dry rice straw or dry sugarcane top are cut into 5-10cm length, after then using quick lime to carry out disinfection, are laid in
Bottom culturing rack；
(2) the water wax gourd bark in matrix B use boiling water dry, then by rice bran, the pinecone after soaking 10-15min degreasing
It is crushed to 0.5-1.5cm respectively with the water wax gourd bark after drying, then according to ratio of weight and number, mixes with silkworm excrement and leaf mould,
Re-use anaerobic fermentation 20-30 days after many spirit bacterium that volumetric concentration is 30%-50% carry out disinfection, be finally laid on above matrix A；
(3) use boiling water to soak after 5-10min degreasing the pine bark in matrix C to dry, then by corncob with after drying
Pine bark is crushed to 1-3cm respectively, and tea seed episperm, peanut shell are crushed to 0.5-2cm respectively, then according to ratio of weight and number, with rotten
Weedtree, paulownia pericarp, haydite and the mixing of modification biological charcoal, re-use after many spirit bacterium that volumetric concentration is 30%-50% carry out disinfection and detest
Aerobe fermentation 20-30 days, is finally laid in matrix B, i.e. can obtain the dendrobium candidum planting matrix containing modification biological charcoal.
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| CN106797877A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-06-06 | 安徽牧龙山生态旅游开发股份有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of dendrobium candidum |
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