CN105918085A

CN105918085A - Dendrobium huoshanense special-purpose planting matrix and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN105918085A
Application number: CN201610268413.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 覃伟
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2016-04-27
Filing date: 2016-04-27
Publication date: 2016-09-07

Abstract

The invention discloses a dendrobium huoshanense special-purpose planting matrix, comprising a matrix A, a matrix B, and a matrix C which are arranged in an overlaying manner from bottom to top in sequence. According to weight part ratio, the matrix A contains 10-20 parts of dry sorghum stalks or 10-20 parts of dry sugarcane leaves, the matrix B is a mixture of 10-15 parts of silkworm excrement, 10-20 parts of mature ethyl alcohol biogas residue, etc., and the matrix C is a mixture of 10-25 parts of modified charcoal, 15-45 parts of rotten wood, 2-5 parts of a trichoderma spp agent. The manufacturing method for the planting matrix comprises: manufacturing the modified charcoal, manufacturing the matrixes A, B, and C, and overlaying to form the planting matrix. The manufacturing method is simple and easy to understand, and the manufactured planting matrix overcomes problems that a matrix is rotted and does not ventilate and does not retain water after long time use. The matrix is low in cost, complete in nutrition, and is beneficial for growth of the dendrobium huoshanense, and promotes stems of the dendrobium huoshanense to grow thicker, and roots to be more developed.

Description

A kind of special planting matrix of Herba Dendrobii and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to planting technology field, be specifically related to a kind of special planting matrix of Herba Dendrobii and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Herba Dendrobii (formal name used at school: Dendrobium huoshanense) is commonly called as a meter dry measure used in former times, is the herbaceous plant of the orchid family Dendrobium.Main Originate in Huoshan County of Anhui Province of Da Bie Mountain area, be mostly grown between the overhanging cliff cliffstone gap that cloud and mist curls up and on old trees that reach into the skies. Herba Dendrobii can increase substantially SOD (main matter of slow down aging) level in human body, to often staying up late, require mental skill, tobacco and wine mistake Degree, the empty weak crowd of body, often drinks and is particularly suitable for.Herba Dendrobii has function of improving eyesight, also can YIN and YANG balance regulating, tonifying YANG benefit Kidney, skin care are stayed and are held, thus reach effect of health-care.There is the medical value of uniqueness, be used as medicine with its stem, Chinese medicine name: stone Dry measure used in former times, belongs to the YIN-tonifying drug in tonic.The growing environment of Herba Dendrobii is more special, and Herba Dendrobii survival rate is low, and seed is not Easily germinateing, natural propagation rate is extremely low；Again because ecological disruption is serious, living environment deteriorates, and adds long-term the excavating of people, wild Raw Herba Dendrobii resource is more and more rare, and kind source has been on the verge of exhaustion, therefore development artificial culture Herba Dendrobii have become as protection and Utilize the road of the certainty of Herba Dendrobii resource.At present, the planting matrix of artificial growth Herba Dendrobii mainly have bark, wood flour, sphagna, Peat soil, river sand, the substrate being wherein best suitable for growth is sphagna, bark and wood flour.Sphagna moss, can be through simple washing Can use with after sterilization, but its price comparison is high, therefore causes the cost up of plant development, allowing majority plant family can not Accepting, wood flour has clear superiority compared with sphagna in price, but wood flour needs to process by fermentation before the use, and Planting process is easily rotted, needs to change.At present, artificial culture Herba Dendrobii generally more uses the booth that shelters from heat or light, and builds flat in booth Seedbed, face is cultivated.Seedbed typically uses the stent-type seedbed of steel construction, timber structure or masonry structure, in agricultural production, Build the high cost in this kind of seedbed, and fragile, and with changing or difficult in maintenance, and survival rate is relatively low, to the Planting of Herba Dendrobii Training brings a lot of difficulties.To this end, concentrate on studies through the present invention, develop a kind of culture medium being more suitable for Herba Dendrobii growth, real Verify bright, respond well.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of special planting matrix of Herba Dendrobii and preparation method thereof, preparation method is easily understood, and Planting matrix prepared by the present invention overcomes substrate life-time service and rots airtight, not water conservation, needs to change, and low cost, battalion Support complete；Substrate the most dexterously by the way of three stackings add, fertility rational to the offer during each growth targetedly, Being more beneficial for the growth of Herba Dendrobii, promote Herba Dendrobii stem to look more sturdy, root system is more flourishing；Use trichoderma adds It is added in substrate to suppress substrate pathogenic microorganism, and coordinates many spirit bacterium to be used in conjunction with, improve bacteriostasis rate.

To achieve these goals, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of special planting matrix of Herba Dendrobii, including being sequentially overlapped substrate A of setting, substrate B and substrate C from the bottom to top；Press According to ratio of weight and number meter, described substrate A is dry broomcorn straw 15-20 part and/or dry leaf of Caulis Sacchari sinensis 10-20 part；

Described substrate B is Bombyx mori L. 10-15 part, ethanol biogas residue 10-20 part of becoming thoroughly decomposed, Strobilus Pini 5-15 part, Cortex Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae 15-20 part, Wood bran 5-15 part and the mixture of trichoderma 2-5 part；

Described substrate C is modification biological charcoal 10-25 part, rotten wood 15-45 part, expanded perlite 5-15 part, Cortex Pini 10-35 Part, Extracted From Oil-tea-cake 5-15 part, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 5-15 part, haydite 10-20 part and the mixture of trichoderma 2-5 part；

The thickness of described substrate A is 2-5cm, and the thickness of described substrate B is 2-3cm, and the thickness of described substrate C is 2-5cm；

Described modification biological charcoal is according to ratio of weight and number meter, by Spartina alterniflora's 30-50 part, swelling perlite powder 2-5 part and melon After sub-stone powder 2-5 part is mixed to get mixture, use ultrasonic irradiation 3-5min, then use infrared ray radiation 15-30s, finally in Modification biological charcoal is i.e. can get after calcining under the conditions of 300 DEG C-500 DEG C.

Existing in the present invention, as further illustrating, described modification biological charcoal uses anaerobism to add the mode of nitrogen during calcining Carry out.

Existing in the present invention, as further illustrating, the time of described calcining is 10-20S.

Existing in the present invention, as further illustrating, the wavelength of described ultrasound wave is 200nm-250nm.

Exist in the present invention, as further illustrating, described rotten wood be half corrosion Fructus psidii guajavae immaturus branch, half corrosion Saccharum Sinensis Roxb. tangerine branch, half Two or more mixture in corrosion pear tree branch and half corrosion Equus caballus (L.) branch.

Existing in the present invention, as further illustrating, described trichoderma is for having many spores trichoderma or Trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum.

The preparation method of the special planting matrix of a kind of Herba Dendrobii as above, specifically comprises the following steps that

(1) dry for substrate A broomcorn straw and/or dry leaf of Caulis Sacchari sinensis being cut into 2-3cm length, then using mass concentration is 10-20%'s After lime water carries out disinfection, it is laid in bottom culturing rack；

(2) Cortex Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae in substrate B use boiling water soak 20-25min defat post-drying, then by after the Strobilus Pini and drying Cortex Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae is crushed to 1-2cm respectively, according still further to ratio of weight and number, mixes with wood bran, Bombyx mori L. and ethanol biogas residue of becoming thoroughly decomposed, re-uses Volumetric concentration is that many spirit bacterium of 15%-20% carry out disinfection, and after sterilization, 5-10min adds trichoderma, mixing, is finally laid on base Above matter A；

(3) Cortex Pini in substrate C using boiling water dry after soaking 5-10min defat, the Extracted From Oil-tea-cake after then drying divides It is not crushed to 1-2cm, then according to ratio of weight and number, with rotten wood, expanded perlite, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, haydite and modification biological charcoal Mixing, re-uses many spirit bacterium that volumetric concentration is 30%-50% and carries out disinfection, and after sterilization, 10-15min adds trichoderma, mixes, Finally it is laid in substrate B, i.e. can get dendrobe cultivation substrate.

Bombyx mori L. contain Organic substance thing 83.77～90.44%, ash 9.56～16.23%, total nitrogen 1.91～3.60%, the most fragmentary, There is good hydrophobic performance.

Wood bran is containing main component protein 15%, fat 16%-22%, sugar 3%-8%, moisture 10%, and its water-retaining property, permeability are good, Good rhizospheric environment can be created for plant growth, can be also that crop provides a large amount of nutrients.

The Strobilus Pini, corrosion-resistant, containing protein 15.3%, fat 63%, carbohydrate 13%.

Ethanol biogas residue of becoming thoroughly decomposed contains outside abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and substantial amounts of element, plays an important role possibly together with to plant growth Boron, copper, ferrum, manganese, the trace element such as zinc, rich in organic matter, humus, micronutrient element, several amino acids, enzyme Class and beneficial microbe, quality is loose, performance is good, acid-base value is moderate in soil moisture conservation, after decomposing agent becomes thoroughly decomposed and produces into fertilizer, energy Play the effect well improveing soil.

Cortex Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae rich cellulose, lignin, have the characteristic of moisturizing.

Modification biological charcoal can significantly improve soil total N, organic carbon content；It is rich in pore structure, has bigger ratio table Area and cation exchange capacity (CEC), it not only has adsorption to harmful substance, can supplement the content of organics of soil, effectively Preserve moisture and nutriment, it is also possible to provide existence and breeding place for mycorhiza and these beneficial microbes of antibacterial, promote special monoid Microorganism perch growth, nutrient availability can be improved simultaneously, increase soil fertility.

Expanded perlite is internal is alveolate texture, has good water suction, breathability.

Cortex Pini is containing higher N, P, K, Ca, Mg；Stable physical characteristic, decomposes uniform, slow, makees with reaching long-acting fertilising With, have good breathability and control air, effect of moisture.

Containing the tea saponin of 12-18% in Extracted From Oil-tea-cake, tea saponin is a kind of haemolytic exotoxin, can kill Limax；Its protein Content is higher, therefore its a kind of efficient organic fertilizer, and substrate barren to substrate can play weight gaining effect.

What haydite contained is mainly composed of silicon oxide, aluminium oxide, calcium oxide, ferrum oxide and magnesium oxide；And granule is round, uniform, Rough surface, many micropores, internal void are flourishing, and specific surface area is big, thus biological bacteria adhesive ability is strong, and breeding is fast, biofilm effect Rate is high.

The device have the advantages that for:

1, the present invention uses the mode that substrate layering superposition is arranged cleverly, and the substrate of every layer is selected according to the position difference arranged Material is different.Bottom uses dry broomcorn straw or dry leaf of Caulis Sacchari sinensis, ensure that substrate base is breathed freely in plantation Herba Dendrobii early stage ventilative, Prevent soil humidity excessive, cause field planting Herba Dendrobii root system rot, reduce survival rate, after planting phase dry broomcorn straw or Dry leaf of Caulis Sacchari sinensis will be corroded, discharge substantial amounts of thick protein, crude fat, crude fibre, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, Crude ash content, calcium and phosphorus, can provide nutritional labeling in the growth in Herba Dendrobii later stage.Middle level uses Bombyx mori L., wood bran, the Strobilus Pini, corruption Ripe ethanol biogas residue and Cortex Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae mixture as the middle level substrate of culture medium, wood bran rich in organic substance, the most friendly microorganism Growth, and there is the effect of water conservation, but it is difficult to hydrophobic；Ethanol biogas residue of becoming thoroughly decomposed is provided that substantial amounts of nutrient and aminoacid, Huoshan stone After dry measure used in former times absorbs, grace can improve amino acid whose content itself, and is provided that the effect of a regulation substrate acid-base balance so that Huoshan The growing environment of Herba Dendrobii is more preferable；Cortex Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae has the characteristic of moisturizing, and also rich cellulose and lignin can be dropped by trichoderma Herba Dendrobii is supplied after solution；Bombyx mori L. hydrophobicity is good；The Strobilus Pini is not only rich in macronutrient, and hydrophobicity is preferable；Employing has in a large number Nutrient, with addition of having the mode of material of good hydrophobic performance as middle level substrate, both can guarantee that Herba Dendrobii institute in growth The nutrient substance needed, moreover it is possible to ensure that hydrophobicity is good, the beneficially healthy growth of Herba Dendrobii.Upper strata is provided with 2-5CM, The when of starting field planting Herba Dendrobii, upper strata is to provide the main source of nutrient substance, and cutting nutrient substance can not be superfluous, easily makes Become burn seedlings phenomenon, until Herba Dendrobii well developed root system grows downwards, substrate continuation in middle level provide and grow desired substance, therefore, The applicant draws through overtesting, has both needed the nutrient needed for offer Herba Dendrobii primary growth just in the substrate of selection Matter, needs again water conservation fertilizer conservation diuretic；Expanded perlite, Extracted From Oil-tea-cake are all rich in multiple nutrients material, and in Extracted From Oil-tea-cake tea saponin is also Having a suppression harmful fungoid and antioxidation, and kill the effect of Limax, reduce pest and disease damage, expanded perlite hardness adapts to, tough Good, the internal porous of property, breathability, water retention property is good；Nutrient substance in Cortex Pini takes into account N, P, K and good stability, Decompose uniformly, slowly, it is to avoid decompose too fast so that fertility is superfluous, causes burn seedlings, is mixed into haydite and can increase overlayer matrix gap, And its rough surface, many micropores, internal void are flourishing, specific surface area is big, thus biological bacteria adhesive ability is strong, breeds soon, hangs Membrane efficiency is high, after the formula selection mixing of substrate C, has that porosity is big, maximum water-holding capacity good, Herba Dendrobii growth is required The physical and chemical indexs such as nutrient substance is complete, pH value are good, and the Herba Dendrobii stem cultivated is sturdy.

2. the present invention prepares the method for dendrobe cultivation substrate simply, easily operates, and carries out disinfection substrate A, substrate B, substrate C, Reduce the survival rate of harmful bacteria；Saurauia tristyla DC. var. oldhamii (Hemsl.) Finet & Gagncp. skin and Cortex Pini are carried out pre-ungrease treatment, hydrolyze by the aliphatic radical in organic compound, Make inside Saurauia tristyla DC. var. oldhamii (Hemsl.) Finet & Gagncp. skin and Cortex Pini without lipid, avoid lipid material to hinder Herba Dendrobii more preferable during Herba Dendrobii grows Absorb organic salt and moisture, and in substrate B, substrate C, add trichoderma, the growth of harmful fungoid can not only be suppressed, also Can promote to decompose rich in the fermentation of materials of lignin and cellulose to discharge its nutritional labeling, beneficially Herba Dendrobii Seedling absorbs； Spartina alterniflora mixes with expanded perlite and Semen Benincasae stone powder, first with ultrasonic irradiation, then with infrared ray radiation, changes mixture Property, is being prepared as modification biological charcoal by high-temperature calcination by modified mixture, and be calcined through add nitrogen in anaerobic can be Very short time preparation generates modification biological charcoal, substantially reduces the time cycle of preparation, reduces production cost so for preparing The charcoal come has 2400-2800m²The specific surface area of/g, micro pore volume about 96%, micropore size 15A-25A, have Specific surface area is big, aperture is moderate, be evenly distributed, and has the strongest absorbability and breathability.

Substrate B the most of the present invention, C are with addition of there being trichoderma, it is possible to stone in Biological control trichoderma as biological amount, suppression growing area Tiny ecosystem The pathogenic microorganism of dry measure used in former times, reduces the triggering factor of Herba Dendrobii microorganism disease, and when preparing substrate B, C also with addition of many spirit bacterium, wood Mould microbial inoculum and many spirit bacterium, with addition of use, improve bacteriostasis rate.

Detailed description of the invention

The present invention is further illustrated, so that advantages and features of the invention are easier to be understood below by specific embodiment, it should Being understood by, embodiments of the invention are only used for the present invention rather than limitation of the present invention.

Embodiment 1:

A kind of special planting matrix of Herba Dendrobii, including being sequentially overlapped substrate A of setting, substrate B and substrate C from the bottom to top；Base The thickness of matter A is 2cm, and the thickness of described substrate B is 3cm, and the thickness of described substrate C is 2cm；

According to ratio of weight and number meter, substrate A is dry broomcorn straw 15 parts；

Substrate B is Bombyx mori L. 10 parts, ethanol biogas residue of becoming thoroughly decomposed 10 parts, the Strobilus Pini 5 parts, Cortex Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae 15 parts, wood bran 5 parts and many spores wood The mixture of mould microbial inoculum 2 parts；

Substrate C is modification biological charcoal 10 parts, half 5 parts of Fructus psidii guajavae immaturus branch of corrosion, half 5 parts of Saccharum Sinensis Roxb. tangerine branch of corrosion, partly corrodes pears 2 parts of branch of tree and half corrosion 3 parts of Equus caballus (L.) branch, expanded perlite 5 parts, Cortex Pini 10 parts, Extracted From Oil-tea-cake 5 parts, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 5 parts, haydite 10 parts and the mixture of many spores trichoderma 2 parts；

The method being prepared as dendrobe cultivation substrate by substrate A of said ratio, B, C, specifically comprises the following steps that

(1) modification biological charcoal is according to ratio of weight and number meter, by Spartina alterniflora 30 parts, swelling perlite powder 2 parts and chicken girt After 2 parts of powder is mixed to get mixture, with the ultrasonic irradiation 3min that wavelength is 200nm, then use infrared ray radiation 15s, After carry out calcining after 10S in 300 DEG C under the conditions of anaerobism adds nitrogen and i.e. can get modification biological charcoal, standby；

(2) dry for substrate A broomcorn straw is cut into 2cm length, after the lime water then using mass concentration to be 10% carries out disinfection, It is laid in bottom culturing rack；

(3) Cortex Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae in substrate B use boiling water soak 20min defat post-drying, then by the Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. after the Strobilus Pini and drying Skin is crushed to 1cm respectively, according still further to ratio of weight and number, mixes with wood bran, Bombyx mori L. and ethanol biogas residue of becoming thoroughly decomposed, re-uses volume dense Degree be 15% many spirit bacterium carry out disinfection, after sterilization 5min again with many spores trichoderma mix, be finally laid on above substrate A；

(4) Cortex Pini in substrate C using boiling water dry after soaking 5min defat, the Extracted From Oil-tea-cake after then drying is respectively Be crushed to 1cm, then according to ratio of weight and number, with half corrosion Fructus psidii guajavae immaturus branch, half corrosion Saccharum Sinensis Roxb. tangerine branch, partly corrode pear tree Branch and half corrosion Equus caballus (L.) branch, expanded perlite, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, haydite and the mixing of modification biological charcoal, re-use volumetric concentration Be 30% many spirit bacterium carry out disinfection, after sterilization 10min again with many spores trichoderma mix, be finally laid in substrate B, Obtain dendrobe cultivation substrate.

Embodiment 2:

A kind of special planting matrix of Herba Dendrobii, including being sequentially overlapped substrate A of setting, substrate B and substrate C from the bottom to top；Base The thickness of matter A is 5cm, and the thickness of described substrate B is 2cm, and the thickness of described substrate C is 5cm；

According to ratio of weight and number meter, substrate A is dry broomcorn straw 20 parts；

Substrate B is Bombyx mori L. 15 parts, ethanol biogas residue of becoming thoroughly decomposed 20 parts, the Strobilus Pini 15 parts, Cortex Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae 20 parts, wood bran 15 parts and breathe out thatch The mixture that trichoderma is 5 parts；

Substrate C is modification biological charcoal 25 parts, half 20 parts of Fructus psidii guajavae immaturus branch of corrosion, half 25 parts of Saccharum Sinensis Roxb. tangerine branch of corrosion, expands treasure Mixing of 15 parts of pearl rock, Cortex Pini 35 parts, Extracted From Oil-tea-cake 15 parts, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 15 parts, haydite 20 parts and Trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum 2 parts Compound；

(1) modification biological charcoal is according to ratio of weight and number meter, by Spartina alterniflora 50 parts, swelling perlite powder 5 parts and chicken girt After 5 parts of powder is mixed to get mixture, with the ultrasonic irradiation 5min that wavelength is 250nm, then use infrared ray radiation 30s, After carry out calcining after 20S in 500 DEG C under the conditions of anaerobism adds nitrogen and i.e. can get modification biological charcoal, standby；

(2) dry for substrate A broomcorn straw is cut into 3cm length, after the lime water then using mass concentration to be 20% carries out disinfection, It is laid in bottom culturing rack；

(3) Cortex Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae in substrate B use boiling water soak 25min defat post-drying, then by the Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. after the Strobilus Pini and drying Skin is crushed to 2cm respectively, according still further to ratio of weight and number, mixes with wood bran, Bombyx mori L. and ethanol biogas residue of becoming thoroughly decomposed, re-uses volume dense Degree be 20% many spirit bacterium carry out disinfection, after sterilization 10min again with Trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum mix, be finally laid on above substrate A；

(4) Cortex Pini in substrate C using boiling water dry after soaking 10min defat, the Extracted From Oil-tea-cake after then drying is respectively Be crushed to 2cm, then according to ratio of weight and number, with half corrosion Fructus psidii guajavae immaturus branch, half corrosion Saccharum Sinensis Roxb. tangerine branch, expanded perlite, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, haydite and the mixing of modification biological charcoal, re-use many spirit bacterium that volumetric concentration is 50% and carry out disinfection, 15min after sterilization Mix with Trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum again, be finally laid in substrate B, i.e. can get dendrobe cultivation substrate.

Embodiment 3:

A kind of special planting matrix of Herba Dendrobii, including being sequentially overlapped substrate A of setting, substrate B and substrate C from the bottom to top；Base The thickness of matter A is 4cm, and the thickness of described substrate B is 3cm, and the thickness of described substrate C is 4cm；

According to ratio of weight and number meter, substrate A is dry leaf of Caulis Sacchari sinensis 10 parts；

Substrate B is Bombyx mori L. 12 parts, ethanol biogas residue of becoming thoroughly decomposed 12 parts, the Strobilus Pini 8 parts, Cortex Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae 16 parts, wood bran 10 parts and breathe out thatch The mixture that trichoderma is 4 parts；

Substrate C is modification biological charcoal 18 parts, half 18 parts of pear tree branch of corrosion and half corrosion 18 parts of Equus caballus (L.) branch, expanded pearlite 8 parts of rock, Cortex Pini 16 parts, Extracted From Oil-tea-cake 8 parts, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 8 parts, haydite 12 parts and the mixture of many spores trichoderma 2 parts；

(1) modification biological charcoal is according to ratio of weight and number meter, by Spartina alterniflora 35 parts, swelling perlite powder 3 parts and chicken girt After 3 parts of powder is mixed to get mixture, with the ultrasonic irradiation 4min that wavelength is 200nm, then use infrared ray radiation 16s, After carry out calcining after 12S in 400 DEG C under the conditions of anaerobism adds nitrogen and i.e. can get modification biological charcoal, standby；

(2) dry for substrate A leaf of Caulis Sacchari sinensis is cut into 2cm length, after the lime water then using mass concentration to be 12% carries out disinfection, flat It is laid on bottom culturing rack；

(3) Cortex Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae in substrate B use boiling water soak 22min defat post-drying, then by the Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. after the Strobilus Pini and drying Skin is crushed to 2cm respectively, according still further to ratio of weight and number, mixes with wood bran, Bombyx mori L. and ethanol biogas residue of becoming thoroughly decomposed, re-uses volume dense Degree be 16% many spirit bacterium carry out disinfection, after sterilization 6min again with Trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum mix, be finally laid on above substrate A；

(4) Cortex Pini in substrate C using boiling water dry after soaking 6min defat, the Extracted From Oil-tea-cake after then drying is respectively Be crushed to 1cm, then according to ratio of weight and number, with half corrosion pear tree branch and half corrode Equus caballus (L.) branch, expanded perlite, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, haydite and the mixing of modification biological charcoal, re-use many spirit bacterium that volumetric concentration is 34% and carry out disinfection, 12min after sterilization Mix with many spores trichoderma again, be finally laid in substrate B, i.e. can get dendrobe cultivation substrate.

Embodiment 4:

A kind of special planting matrix of Herba Dendrobii, including being sequentially overlapped substrate A of setting, substrate B and substrate C from the bottom to top；Base The thickness of matter A is 3cm, and the thickness of described substrate B is 2.5cm, and the thickness of described substrate C is 4cm；

According to ratio of weight and number meter, substrate A is dry leaf of Caulis Sacchari sinensis 20 parts；

Substrate B is Bombyx mori L. 3 parts, ethanol biogas residue of becoming thoroughly decomposed 19 parts, the Strobilus Pini 11 parts, Cortex Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae 17 parts, wood bran 13 parts and breathe out thatch The mixture that trichoderma is 4 parts；

Substrate C is modification biological charcoal 22 parts, half 14 parts of Fructus psidii guajavae immaturus branch of corrosion, half 10 parts of Saccharum Sinensis Roxb. tangerine branch of corrosion, half corrosion 8 parts of pear tree tree, expanded perlite 13 parts, Cortex Pini 28 parts, Extracted From Oil-tea-cake 14 parts, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 13 parts, haydite 19 parts and many The mixture that spore trichoderma is 2 parts；

(1) modification biological charcoal is according to ratio of weight and number meter, by Spartina alterniflora 45 parts, swelling perlite powder 4 parts and chicken girt After 3 parts of powder is mixed to get mixture, with the ultrasonic irradiation 5min that wavelength is 250nm, then use infrared ray radiation 26s, After carry out calcining after 15S in 350 DEG C under the conditions of anaerobism adds nitrogen and i.e. can get modification biological charcoal, standby；

(2) dry for substrate A leaf of Caulis Sacchari sinensis is cut into 2cm length, after the lime water then using mass concentration to be 16% carries out disinfection, flat It is laid on bottom culturing rack；

(3) Cortex Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae in substrate B use boiling water soak 21min defat post-drying, then by the Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. after the Strobilus Pini and drying Skin is crushed to 2cm respectively, according still further to ratio of weight and number, mixes with wood bran, Bombyx mori L. and ethanol biogas residue of becoming thoroughly decomposed, re-uses volume dense Degree be 18% many spirit bacterium carry out disinfection, after sterilization 8min again with Trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum mix, be finally laid on above substrate A；

(4) Cortex Pini in substrate C using boiling water dry after soaking 8min defat, the Extracted From Oil-tea-cake after then drying is respectively Be crushed to 2cm, then according to ratio of weight and number, with half corrosion Fructus psidii guajavae immaturus branch, half corrosion Saccharum Sinensis Roxb. tangerine branch, partly corrode pear tree Tree, expanded perlite, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, haydite and the mixing of modification biological charcoal, re-use many spirit bacterium that volumetric concentration is 45% and disappear Poison, after sterilization, 13min mixes with many spores trichoderma again, is finally laid in substrate B, i.e. can get dendrobe cultivation substrate.

Embodiment 5:

A kind of special planting matrix of Herba Dendrobii, including being sequentially overlapped substrate A of setting, substrate B and substrate C from the bottom to top；Base The thickness of matter A is 4cm, and the thickness of described substrate B is 2.5cm, and the thickness of described substrate C is 4.5cm；

According to ratio of weight and number meter, substrate A is dry broomcorn straw 15 parts and dry leaf of Caulis Sacchari sinensis 10 parts；

Substrate B is Bombyx mori L. 13 parts, ethanol biogas residue of becoming thoroughly decomposed 14 parts, the Strobilus Pini 8 parts, Cortex Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae 18 parts, wood bran 11 parts and many spores The mixture that trichoderma is 4 parts；

Substrate C is modification biological charcoal 23 parts, half 15 parts of Saccharum Sinensis Roxb. tangerine branch of corrosion, half 10 parts of pear tree branch of corrosion and partly corrodes horse 12 parts of Bauhinia variegata Linn branch, expanded perlite 16 parts, Cortex Pini 32 parts, Extracted From Oil-tea-cake 11 parts, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 14 parts, haydite 17 parts Mixture with Trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum 2 parts；

(1) modification biological charcoal is according to ratio of weight and number meter, by Spartina alterniflora 48 parts, swelling perlite powder 2 parts and chicken girt After 3 parts of powder is mixed to get mixture, with the ultrasonic irradiation 5min that wavelength is 200nm, then use infrared ray radiation 30s, After carry out calcining after 18S in 450 DEG C under the conditions of anaerobism adds nitrogen and i.e. can get modification biological charcoal, standby；

(2) dry for substrate A broomcorn straw and dry leaf of Caulis Sacchari sinensis being cut into 2.5cm length, then using mass concentration is the lime water of 17% After carrying out disinfection, it is laid in bottom culturing rack；

(3) Cortex Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae in substrate B use boiling water soak 23min defat post-drying, then by the Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. after the Strobilus Pini and drying Skin is crushed to 1.5cm respectively, according still further to ratio of weight and number, mixes with wood bran, Bombyx mori L. and ethanol biogas residue of becoming thoroughly decomposed, re-uses volume Concentration be 18% many spirit bacterium carry out disinfection, after sterilization 8min again with many spores trichoderma mix, be finally laid on above substrate A；

(4) Cortex Pini in substrate C using boiling water dry after soaking 7min defat, the Extracted From Oil-tea-cake after then drying is respectively It is crushed to 1.5cm, then according to ratio of weight and number, corrodes Saccharum Sinensis Roxb. tangerine branch, half corrosion pear tree branch with half and partly corrode Horse hoof First branch, expanded perlite, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, haydite and the mixing of modification biological charcoal, re-use many spirit bacterium that volumetric concentration is 38% and enter Row sterilization, after sterilization, 14min mixes with Trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum again, is finally laid in substrate B, i.e. can get dendrobe cultivation substrate.

Dendrobe cultivation substrate embodiment 1-5 prepared, with traditional Herba Dendrobii substrate (Cortex Pini, ethanol natural pond of becoming thoroughly decomposed Slag mix with river sand after bedding sphagna on the mixture) 30 Herba Dendrobii Seedlings of each field planting, wherein field planting spacing in the rows and the field planting degree of depth, Field planting Herba Dendrobii Seedling rising trend is homogeneous, and it is identical that field management such as determining root water is watered in field planting.At 50,100,150 days fixed point observations of field planting The plant height of Herba Dendrobii, stem are thick, simultaneously record Herba Dendrobii survival rate (stem withered curved be considered as death)；Field planting made after 1 year Gather the Herba Dendrobii of each planting matrix plantation by the method for five point samplings, measure Herba Dendrobii ground and underground fresh weight and dry weight, And measure root length and radical.

50,100,150 days Herba Dendrobii plant heights of table 1 field planting, the average information slip (cm) that stem is thick

As shown in Table 1, during the dendrobe cultivation substrate that the application of the invention method and raw material the are prepared as growth to Herba Dendrobii To Herba Dendrobii plant height, stem slightly, for being compared to traditional substrate plantation, the rate of increase of plant height is equal with stem rugosity rate of increase Being improved, and the stem thick time of the Herba Dendrobii planted by planting matrix of the present invention rises fast, we are it is also known that Herba Dendrobii reaches one Determine stem thick after would not overstriking, but after being rapidly achieved this definite value, would be even more beneficial to absorb synthesis nutrition, so make The Herba Dendrobii that the same time gathers.The various aminoacid that contain in vivo and nutritional labeling are relative to the highest, it is possible to sell one higher Price.

Herba Dendrobii fresh weight and average information slip (g) of dry weight after table 2 field planting 1 year

As shown in Table 2, during the dendrobe cultivation substrate that the application of the invention method and raw material the are prepared as growth to Herba Dendrobii Strain whole to Herba Dendrobii has the effect dramatically increased.Being compared to traditional substrate plantation, the aerial parts of fresh weight can improve 30% Above, the under ground portion of fresh weight can improve more than 40%, and the aerial parts of dry weight improves more than 30%, dry weight under ground portion energy Improving more than 60%, from the point of view of dry ratio, the dendrobe cultivation substrate that the application of the invention raw material is prepared as is also to Herba Dendrobii Root system and rhizome have and promote a strong thick impact so that the dry ratio rate of descent after drying is low, adds additional Huoshan The economic worth of the whole strain of Herba Dendrobii.

Herba Dendrobii root length and the average information slip of radical after table 3 field planting 1 year

Process	Root length (cm)	Radical (root)
			Embodiment 1	8.5	39
Embodiment 2	8.8	42
			Embodiment 3	8.6	45
Embodiment 4	8.7	41
			Embodiment 5	8.5	43
Matched group	7.1	32

As shown in Table 3, during the dendrobe cultivation substrate that the application of the invention method and raw material the are prepared as growth to Herba Dendrobii For Herba Dendrobii root length, radical are compared to traditional substrate plantation, the rate of increase of root length is improved with radical rate of increase, Root length more lengthens and illustrates that dendrobe cultivation substrate prepared by the present invention is more suitable for Herba Dendrobii root system and grows downwards, beneficially after field planting Root growth, to substrate A, continues the nutrient substance of release, Herba Dendrobii prepared by radical many explanations present invention after absorption base A rots Cultivation matrix hole is many, is constantly grown by hole, can make full use of favourable bacterium everywhere so that Herba Dendrobii rising trend is more preferably.

Described above is the detailed description for the preferable possible embodiments of the present invention, but embodiment is not limited to the special of the present invention Profit application range, the equal change completed under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention or modification change, the present invention all should be belonged to Contained the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. the special planting matrix of Herba Dendrobii, it is characterised in that include being sequentially overlapped substrate A of setting, base from the bottom to top Matter B and substrate C；According to ratio of weight and number meter, described substrate A is dry broomcorn straw 15-20 part and/or dry leaf of Caulis Sacchari sinensis 10-20 Part；

A kind of special planting matrix of Herba Dendrobii the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described modification biological charcoal enters The mode using anaerobism to add nitrogen during row calcining is carried out.

A kind of special planting matrix of Herba Dendrobii the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the time of described calcining is 10-20S。

A kind of special planting matrix of Herba Dendrobii the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the wavelength of described ultrasound wave For 200nm-250nm.

A kind of special planting matrix of Herba Dendrobii the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described rotten wood is half corrosion Two or more mixing in Fructus psidii guajavae immaturus branch, half corrosion Saccharum Sinensis Roxb. tangerine branch, half corrosion pear tree branch and half corrosion Equus caballus (L.) branch Thing.

A kind of special planting matrix of Herba Dendrobii the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described trichoderma is for having Many spores trichoderma or Trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum.

7., according to the preparation method of the special planting matrix of a kind of Herba Dendrobii described in claim 1-5 any one, its feature exists In, specifically comprise the following steps that