CN106359716A - 藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉的加工方法 - Google Patents
藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉的加工方法 Download PDFInfo
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- OHHNJQXIOPOJSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N stevioside Natural products CC1(CCCC2(C)C3(C)CCC4(CC3(CCC12C)CC4=C)OC5OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C5OC6OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C6O)C(=O)OC7OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C7O OHHNJQXIOPOJSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019202 steviosides Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009777 vacuum freeze-drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin A aldehyde Natural products O=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020338 yellow tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/06—Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
- A23F3/14—Tea preparations, e.g. using additives
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- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/06—Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
- A23F3/08—Oxidation; Fermentation
- A23F3/10—Fermentation with addition of microorganisms or enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/16—Tea extraction; Tea extracts; Treating tea extract; Making instant tea
- A23F3/166—Addition of, or treatment with, enzymes or microorganisms
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23F3/16—Tea extraction; Tea extracts; Treating tea extract; Making instant tea
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉的加工方法,所述的藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉以藜菜、紫珠叶为主要原料,经原料准备、提取、酶解、灭酶分离、粉碎、混合、发酵、均质纯化、浓缩干燥、整理包装等步骤加工而成。本方法将藜菜、紫珠叶采用蒸汽杀青和微波杀青相结合,既能够去除原料中的辛涩味,又能降低原料中的水分,保留原料中的营养物质,通过复合酶处理,可以充分析出藜菜、紫珠叶中的营养物质,提高了原料的利用率,两级均质不仅改善了成品酵素茶粉的口感,也能够提升了成品酵素茶粉的品质,使成品酵素茶粉具有清热泻火、通便杀虫、止泻止痒、解毒消肿等保健作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种茶精粉的加工方法,尤其是涉及一种藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉的加工方法。
背景技术
藜菜,又名灰条菜、白藜等,是藜科藜属一年生草本植物,根据测定,每百克藜菜可食部分中含蛋白质5.5g,脂肪0.8g,糖类8g,钙209mg,磷70mg,铁0.9mg,胡萝卜素5.36mg,硫胺素0.13mg,核黄素0.29mg,抗坏血酸69mg。《本草纲目》记载:“藜,处处有之,即灰藋之红心者,茎叶稍大,嫩时亦可食。”具有清热泻火、通便杀虫、止泻止痒等保健作用。
紫珠叶,又叫大风叶,为马鞭草科紫珠属植物杜虹花的干燥叶,其味苦、涩,性凉,归肝、肺、胃经。《临床常用中药手册》记载:“本品性凉而不寒,兼有活血作用,故收敛止血而不留瘀,活血而无耗散,凉血而不阻遏,为止血佳品,广泛用于各种原因之内外出血。”具有凉血收敛、止血散瘀、解毒消肿等功效。
目前,藜菜仅被作为一种野菜食用,尚未被大规模开发利用,存在着相关产品种类较少的问题,紫珠叶因其丰富的营养成分易被加工成药品、食品等产品,如申请号为201110205591.2的专利公布了紫珠叶真空冷冻干燥工艺、紫珠叶粉的制备工艺,其虽采用冷冻工艺降低对紫珠叶营养物质的破坏,但其存在着紫珠叶内的活性成分不能充分析出,造成紫珠叶利用效率不高的不足。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对目前藜菜存在的相关产品种类较少及紫珠叶内的活性成分不能充分析出,造成紫珠叶利用效率不高的问题,提供一种藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉的加工方法,本方法稳定、操作简单、易于掌握,将营养丰富的藜菜、紫珠叶加工成饮用方便的酵素茶粉,不仅丰富了茶粉产品种类,而且提高了藜菜、紫珠叶的经济价值与营养价值。
本发明解决其技术问题所采取的技术方案是:
一种藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉的加工方法,其特征是,所述的加工方法采用以下步骤:
A.原料准备:采摘新鲜的、完整的藜菜、紫珠叶、芽茶、山药皮、萱草花、枸杞芽,清水清洗后分别切成藜菜粒、紫珠叶粒、芽茶粒、山药皮粒、萱草花粒、枸杞芽粒,取10kg的藜菜粒、7kg的紫珠叶粒、5kg的芽茶粒、2kg的山药皮粒、1kg的萱草花粒、1kg的枸杞芽粒混合均匀,制得混合原料,将混合原料采用蒸汽杀青,杀青温度为132℃,杀青时间为15s,摊放冷却至室温,将混合原料采用微波干燥再次杀青,在微波干燥杀青时,微波设备的皮带传输速度为1.0m/min,温度为87℃,混合原料在皮带上的厚度为0.6cm,干燥至混合原料含水量为12.4%时停止干燥,制得原料碎粒;
B.提取:向原料碎粒中加入65kg的浓度为3.8%的苹果酸溶液中进行恒温振荡提取,温度设置为72℃,振荡转速150r/min,提取时间120min,冷却至室温,过滤得滤液一及初渣,初渣再用3倍的蒸馏水在57℃的条件下进行恒温振荡提取,振荡转速100r/min,提取时间150min,过滤得滤液二与原料滤渣,将滤液一与滤液二混合,在65℃的环境下浓缩至原体积的10%,制得原料提取液;
C.酶解:将原料滤渣粉碎处理,并向粉碎后的原料滤渣中加入3kg的波棱瓜汁、2kg的榅桲汁、1kg的格桑花汁、1kg的乌药叶汁、1kg的南蛇藤果汁、8kg浓度为2.9%的维生素C溶液、0.36kg的纤维素酶、0.28kg的果胶酶、0.13kg的淀粉酶,混合均匀,在48℃的环境下酶解120min;
D.灭酶、分离:将酶解后的原料初渣在123℃环境下灭酶19s,并将灭酶后的原料初渣在180目离心机下进行离心分离,得到原料酶解液、原料酶解渣;
E.粉碎:将滤干后的原料酶解渣进行超细微粉碎处理,粒度为230μm,制得原料粉;
F.混合:取煎煮液10kg、原料酶解液7kg、金刺参汁5kg、山药汁3kg、乌龙茶粉3kg、原料粉1kg、芜菁籽粉1kg、雪莲果汁1kg、常春藤汁1kg、果葡糖浆1kg、黄原胶0.08kg、山梨糖醇0.05kg、黄原胶0.03kg、硬脂酸镁0.02kg,充分混合均匀,制得混合液;
G.发酵:向混合液中加入0.13kg的纳豆菌、0.06kg的金花菌、0.02kg的枯草芽孢肝菌,搅拌均匀,在温度为36℃,湿度为27%的条件下发酵5h,制得原料发酵物;
H.均质纯化:将混合液均质处理,温度为70℃,采用二级均质,一级均质压力为50Mpa,二级均质压力23Mpa,将均质后的混合液在压力为40MPa,超滤膜的孔径为5μm的条件下进行超滤膜纯化;
I.浓缩干燥:将纯化后的混合液进行浓缩,先将混合物经反渗透浓缩至固形物含量为14%,在反渗透浓缩后再经真空浓缩至固形物含量至57%,制得浓缩物,将浓缩物进行喷雾干燥,控制进口温度122℃,出口温度76℃,干燥后粉碎,制得藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉;
J.包装:将藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉用食品级包装材料包装,入通风干燥环境中储存。
有益效果:本方法将藜菜、紫珠叶采用蒸汽杀青和微波杀青相结合,既能够去除原料中的辛涩味,又能降低原料中的水分,保留原料中的营养物质,通过复合酶处理,可以充分析出藜菜、紫珠叶中的营养物质,提高了原料的利用率,两级均质不仅改善了成品酵素茶粉的口感,也能够提升了成品酵素茶粉的品质,使成品酵素茶粉具有清热泻火、通便杀虫、止泻止痒、解毒消肿等保健作用。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
一种藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉的加工方法,其特征是,所述的加工方法采用以下步骤:
A.原料准备:采摘新鲜的、完整的藜菜、紫珠叶、芽茶、山药皮、萱草花、枸杞芽,清水清洗后分别切成藜菜粒、紫珠叶粒、芽茶粒、山药皮粒、萱草花粒、枸杞芽粒,取10kg的藜菜粒、7kg的紫珠叶粒、5kg的芽茶粒、2kg的山药皮粒、1kg的萱草花粒、1kg的枸杞芽粒混合均匀,制得混合原料,将混合原料采用蒸汽杀青,杀青温度为132℃,杀青时间为15s,摊放冷却至室温,将混合原料采用微波干燥再次杀青,在微波干燥杀青时,微波设备的皮带传输速度为1.0m/min,温度为87℃,混合原料在皮带上的厚度为0.6cm,干燥至混合原料含水量为12.4%时停止干燥,制得原料碎粒;
B.提取:向原料碎粒中加入65kg的浓度为3.8%的苹果酸溶液中进行恒温振荡提取,温度设置为72℃,振荡转速150r/min,提取时间120min,冷却至室温,过滤得滤液一及初渣,初渣再用3倍的蒸馏水在57℃的条件下进行恒温振荡提取,振荡转速100r/min,提取时间150min,过滤得滤液二与原料滤渣,将滤液一与滤液二混合,在65℃的环境下浓缩至原体积的10%,制得原料提取液;
C.酶解:将原料滤渣粉碎处理,并向粉碎后的原料滤渣中加入3kg的波棱瓜汁、2kg的榅桲汁、1kg的格桑花汁、1kg的乌药叶汁、1kg的南蛇藤果汁、8kg浓度为2.9%的维生素C溶液、0.36kg的纤维素酶、0.28kg的果胶酶、0.13kg的淀粉酶,混合均匀,在48℃的环境下酶解120min;
D.灭酶、分离:将酶解后的原料初渣在123℃环境下灭酶19s,并将灭酶后的原料初渣在180目离心机下进行离心分离,得到原料酶解液、原料酶解渣;
E.粉碎:将滤干后的原料酶解渣进行超细微粉碎处理,粒度为230μm,制得原料粉;
F.混合:取煎煮液10kg、原料酶解液7kg、金刺参汁5kg、山药汁3kg、乌龙茶粉3kg、原料粉1kg、芜菁籽粉1kg、雪莲果汁1kg、常春藤汁1kg、果葡糖浆1kg、黄原胶0.08kg、山梨糖醇0.05kg、黄原胶0.03kg、硬脂酸镁0.02kg,充分混合均匀,制得混合液;
G.发酵:向混合液中加入0.13kg的纳豆菌、0.06kg的金花菌、0.02kg的枯草芽孢肝菌,搅拌均匀,在温度为36℃,湿度为27%的条件下发酵5h,制得原料发酵物;
H.均质纯化:将混合液均质处理,温度为70℃,采用二级均质,一级均质压力为50Mpa,二级均质压力23Mpa,将均质后的混合液在压力为40MPa,超滤膜的孔径为5μm的条件下进行超滤膜纯化;
I.浓缩干燥:将纯化后的混合液进行浓缩,先将混合物经反渗透浓缩至固形物含量为14%,在反渗透浓缩后再经真空浓缩至固形物含量至57%,制得浓缩物,将浓缩物进行喷雾干燥,控制进口温度122℃,出口温度76℃,干燥后粉碎,制得藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉;
J.包装:将藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉用食品级包装材料包装,入通风干燥环境中储存。
实施例2:
一种藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉的加工方法,其特征是,所述的加工方法采用以下步骤:
A.原料准备:采摘新鲜的藜菜、紫珠叶、羊蹄草、风轮菜、竹节参、霜红藤,用清水清洗,滤干水分切成碎粒,制得藜菜粒、紫珠叶粒、羊蹄草粒、风轮菜粒、竹节参粒、霜红藤粒,取10kg的藜菜粒、6kg的紫珠叶粒、4kg的羊蹄草粒、3kg的风轮菜粒、2kg的竹节参粒、1kg的霜红藤粒,制得混合原料,将混合原料在蒸汽温度为136℃条件下进行杀青15s,将杀青后的混合原料摊平放凉,备用;
B.茶粉提取液加工:将10kg的芽茶、4kg的勾儿茶、2kg的黄茶进行清水淋洗,在47℃的环境下进行干燥,干燥后进行超细微粉碎,制得原料茶粉,将原料茶粉加入39kg的浓度为85%的山楂汁溶液中进行恒温振荡提取,温度设置为55℃,振荡转速140r/min,提取时间180min,冷却至室温,过滤得滤液一及初渣,初渣再用3.2倍的蒸馏水在66℃的条件下进行恒温振荡提取,振荡转速100r/min,提取时间120min,过滤得滤液二与滤渣,将滤液一与滤液二混合,在71℃的环境下浓缩至原体积的14%,制得茶粉提取液;
C.酶解:向杀青后的混合原料中加入8kg的茶粉提取液、4kg的山药豆汁、4kg的北杏仁汁、3kg的枳实汁、1kg的番木瓜汁、1kg的美浓瓜汁,进行打浆,制得混合浆液,向混合浆液中加入7kg浓度为3.2%的柠檬酸钠溶液、2kg的空桶参汁、1kg的罗汉果汁、1kg的山杏汁、0.62kg的纤维素酶、0.41kg的果胶酶、0.32kg的糖化酶、0.13kg的木瓜蛋白酶,混合均匀,在50℃的环境下酶解120min;
D.粉碎:将茶粉提取后的滤渣进行超细微粉碎处理,粒度为220μm,制得茶粉;
E.混合:向酶解后的混合浆液中加入5kg的原料粉、4kg的黄荆叶汁、3kg的羊耳菊汁、2kg的穿鱼藤汁、2kg的玉竹汁、2kg的独行菜汁、1kg的葡萄籽粉、1kg的婆婆丁汁、1kg的百灵草粉、0.6kg的果葡糖浆、0.5kg的异麦芽酮糖醇、0.3kg的硬脂酸镁、0.2kg的海藻酸钠、0.1kg的卡拉胶,充分混合均匀,制得混合液;
F.发酵:向混合液中加入0.15kg的酵母菌、0.1kg的纳豆菌、0.02kg的植物乳杆菌,搅拌均匀,在温度为32℃,湿度为25%的条件下发酵7h,制得原料发酵物;
G.均质:将混合液均质处理,温度为78℃,采用二级均质,一级均质压力为52Mpa,二级均质压力19Mpa;
H.冷冻干燥:将均质后的混合液在-21℃条件下,冷冻30h,然后在装载量按18kg/m2、工作压力63Pa、解析压力38Pa、温度44℃的条件下干燥,干燥后粉碎,制得藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉;
I.包装:将藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉用食品级包装材料包装,入通风干燥环境中储存。
实施例3:
一种藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉的加工方法,其特征是,所述的加工方法采用以下步骤:
A.原料准备:采摘新鲜的、完整的藜菜、紫珠叶、芽茶、百味参、云苔草、苦麻菜、大叶藤、淡竹叶,清水清洗后分别切成藜菜粒、紫珠叶粒、芽茶粒、百味参粒、云苔草粒、苦麻菜粒、大叶藤粒、淡竹叶粒,取10kg的藜菜粒、9kg的紫珠叶粒、9kg的芽茶粒、5kg的百味参粒、3kg的云苔草粒、3kg的苦麻菜粒、1kg的大叶藤粒、1kg的淡竹叶粒混合均匀,制得混合原料,将混合原料采用蒸汽杀青,杀青温度为123℃,杀青时间为30s,摊放冷却至室温,将混合原料采用微波干燥再次杀青,在微波干燥杀青时,微波设备的皮带传输速度为0.9m/min,温度为82℃,混合原料在皮带上的厚度为0.8cm,干燥至混合原料含水量为14.3%时停止干燥,制得原料碎粒;
B.提取:向原料碎粒中加入74kg的浓度为86%的山苹果汁溶液中进行恒温振荡提取,温度设置为76℃,振荡转速180r/min,提取时间140min,冷却至室温,过滤得滤液一及初渣,初渣再用3.6倍的蒸馏水在52℃的条件下进行恒温振荡提取,振荡转速130r/min,提取时间140min,过滤得滤液二与原料滤渣,将滤液一与滤液二混合,在63℃的环境下浓缩至原体积的7%,制得原料提取液;
C.酶解:将原料滤渣粉碎处理,并向粉碎后的原料滤渣中加入3kg的枸杞芽汁、2kg的菊花苗汁、1kg的荞麦叶汁、1kg的地棠花汁、1kg的甜菜根汁、1kg的地黄叶汁、1kg的无花果汁、6kg浓度为3.5%的枸橼酸溶液、0.62kg的纤维素酶、0.24kg的果胶酶、0.16kg的淀粉酶,混合均匀,在42℃的环境下酶解180min;
D.灭酶、分离:将酶解后的原料初渣在129℃环境下灭酶15s,并将灭酶后的原料初渣在220目离心机下进行离心分离,得到原料酶解液、原料酶解渣;
E.粉碎:将滤干后的原料酶解渣进行超细微粉碎处理,粒度为280μm,制得原料粉;
F.混合:取煎煮液10kg、原料酶解液10kg、嘉宝果汁5kg、黄琐梅汁3kg、亚麻籽粉3kg、黑种草籽粉1kg、东风菜粉1kg、罗汉果汁1kg、咸虾花汁1kg、木糖醇1kg、乳糖0.6kg、明胶0.07kg、瓜尔胶0.04kg、无水磷酸氢二钠0.03kg、海藻酸钠0.03kg,充分混合均匀,制得混合液;
G.发酵:向混合液中加入0.16kg的酵母菌、0.07kg的枯草杆菌、0.04kg的青春双歧杆菌,搅拌均匀,在温度为38℃,湿度为24%的条件下发酵7h,制得原料发酵物;
H.均质纯化:将混合液均质处理,温度为75℃,采用二级均质,一级均质压力为54Mpa,二级均质压力27Mpa,将均质后的混合液在压力为42MPa,超滤膜的孔径为3μm的条件下进行超滤膜纯化;
I.浓缩干燥:将纯化后的混合液进行浓缩,先将混合物经反渗透浓缩至固形物含量为18%,在反渗透浓缩后再经真空浓缩至固形物含量至63%,制得浓缩物,将浓缩物进行喷雾干燥,控制进口温度125℃,出口温度77℃,干燥后粉碎,制得藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉;
J.包装:将藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉用食品级包装材料包装,入通风干燥环境中储存。
实施例4:
一种藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉的加工方法,其特征是,所述的加工方法采用以下步骤:
A.原料准备:采摘新鲜的、完整的藜菜、紫珠叶、芽茶、黄牛茶、铁杆蒿、石莽草、荠菜、南蛇藤,清水清洗后分别切成藜菜粒、紫珠叶粒、芽茶粒、山黄牛茶粒、铁杆蒿粒、石莽草粒、荠菜粒、南蛇藤粒,取10kg的藜菜粒、8kg的紫珠叶粒、8kg的芽茶粒、5kg的黄牛茶粒、3kg的铁杆蒿粒、1kg的石莽草粒、1kg的荠菜粒、1kg的南蛇藤粒混合均匀,制得混合原料,将混合原料采用蒸汽杀青,杀青温度为128℃,杀青时间为20s,摊放冷却至室温,将混合原料采用微波干燥再次杀青,在微波干燥杀青时,微波设备的皮带传输速度为1.2m/min,温度为87℃,混合原料在皮带上的厚度为0.6cm,干燥至混合原料含水量为12.4%时停止干燥,制得原料碎粒;
B.提取:向原料碎粒中加入72kg的浓度为5.1%的柠檬酸溶液中在85℃恒温水浴环境下进行煎煮提60min,冷却至室温,煎煮后采用双重纱网进行过滤,上面一层为160目,下面一层为180目,过滤得滤液一及滤渣,滤渣再用35kg的纯净水在92℃环境下进行煎煮40min,冷却至室温,过滤得滤液二与茶粉滤渣,将滤液一与滤液二混合,在72℃的环境下浓缩至原体积的10%,制得茶粉提取液;
C.酶解:将茶粉滤渣粉碎处理,并向粉碎后的原料滤渣中加入5kg的荷兰菊汁、2kg的飞碟瓜汁、1kg的荷兰豆汁、1kg的尖槐藤汁、1kg的枇杷籽汁、1kg的裙带菜汁、0.45kg的纤维素酶、0.34kg的果胶酶、0.15kg的半纤维素酶,混合均匀,在45℃的环境下酶解180min;
D.灭酶、分离:将酶解后的原料初渣在126℃环境下灭酶24s,并将灭酶后的原料初渣在190目离心机下进行离心分离,得到原料酶解液、原料酶解渣;
E.粉碎:将滤干后的原料酶解渣进行超细微粉碎处理,粒度为260μm,制得原料粉;
F.混合:取煎煮液10kg、原料酶解液8kg、使君子叶汁5kg、黄金叶汁3kg、凤尾参汁3kg、番木瓜汁3kg、八宝茶粉3kg、原料粉2kg、沙参汁1kg、钉头果汁1kg、雪莲花汁1kg、异麦芽酮糖醇1kg、甜菊糖苷0.5kg、魔芋胶0.08kg、山梨糖醇0.05kg、羧甲基纤维素钠0.04kg、槐豆胶0.02kg,充分混合均匀,制得混合液;
G.发酵:向混合液中加入0.18kg的纳豆菌、0.11kg的枯草杆菌、0.07kg的植物乳酸菌、0.05kg的酵母菌,搅拌均匀,在温度为33℃,湿度为32%的条件下发酵10h,制得原料发酵物;
H.均质纯化:将混合液均质处理,温度为74℃,采用二级均质,一级均质压力为56Mpa,二级均质压力27Mpa,将均质后的混合液在压力为42MPa,超滤膜的孔径为3μm的条件下进行超滤膜纯化;
I.脱气、灭菌:将纯化后的混合液采用真空脱气机脱气,真空度在110千帕进行脱气35min,脱气结束后在122℃条件下进行高温瞬时灭菌,时间40s;
J.真空浓缩:将灭菌后的混合液在0.22MPa,温度55℃条件下进行真空浓缩,制得水分含量为27%的混合浓缩物;
K.真空干燥:设定干燥曲线,干燥时间为24h,将混合浓缩物加热至89℃并保持30min,然后快速冷却至78℃,保持40min后,快速冷却至63℃,保持25min后,再将物料自然冷却至54℃、抽真空至50Pa干燥,得到藜菜紫珠叶芽茶干品;
L.粉碎、过滤:将藜菜紫珠叶芽茶干品在相对湿度为36%、温度为23℃的封闭车间内,用破碎机打成均匀的颗粒物,并将颗粒物经过150目的筛网过滤,制得藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉;
M.包装:将藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉用食品级包装材料包装,入通风干燥环境中储存。
实施例5:
一种藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉的加工方法,其特征是,所述的加工方法采用以下步骤:
A.原料准备:采摘新鲜的藜菜、紫珠叶、丁癸草、山马菜、山白菊、仙桃草、紫背菜、红刺藤,用清水清洗,滤干水分切成碎粒,制得藜菜粒、紫珠叶粒、丁癸草粒、山马菜粒、山白菊粒、仙桃草粒、紫背菜粒、红刺藤粒,取10kg的藜菜粒、8kg的紫珠叶粒、7kg的丁癸草粒、5kg的山马菜粒、3kg的山白菊粒、2kg的仙桃草粒、1kg的紫背菜粒、1kg的红刺藤粒,制得混合原料,将混合原料在蒸汽温度为131℃条件下进行杀青18s,将杀青后的混合原料摊平放凉,备用;
B.茶粉提取液加工:将10kg的芽茶、3kg的苦丁茶、2kg的清茶、1kg的南烛叶粒进行清水淋洗,在45℃的环境下进行干燥,干燥后进行超细微粉碎,制得原料茶粉,将原料茶粉加入57kg的浓度为92%的山葡萄汁溶液中进行恒温振荡提取,温度设置为57℃,振荡转速130r/min,提取时间210min,冷却至室温,过滤得滤液一及初渣,初渣再用3.7倍的蒸馏水在63℃的条件下进行恒温振荡提取,振荡转速140r/min,提取时间160min,过滤得滤液二与滤渣,将滤液一与滤液二混合,在72℃的环境下浓缩至原体积的12%,制得茶粉提取液;
C.酶解:向杀青后的混合原料中加入12kg的茶粉提取液、4kg的插田泡汁、4kg的山茄子汁、3kg的蔓越莓汁、1kg的山莴苣汁、1kg的鹅肠草汁,进行打浆,制得混合浆液,向混合浆液中加入9kg浓度为4.6%的柠檬酸溶液、3kg的诸葛菜汁、1kg的海棠果汁、1kg的竹头草汁、0.65kg的纤维素酶、0.42kg的果胶酶、0.35kg的糖化酶、0.12kg的风味蛋白酶,混合均匀,在52℃的环境下酶解90min;
D.粉碎:将茶粉提取后的滤渣进行超细微粉碎处理,粒度为240μm,制得茶粉;
E.混合:向酶解后的混合浆液中加入4kg的原料粉、4kg的番杏叶汁、3kg的牛膝菊汁、2kg的青风藤汁、2kg的黄精汁、2kg的刺角瓜汁、1kg的虾须豆粉、1kg的紫甘薯汁、1kg的人参果汁、0.5kg的麦芽糊精、0.5kg的麦芽糖、0.5kg的木糖醇、0.3kg的山梨酸钾、0.2kg的结冷胶、0.1kg的槐豆胶,充分混合均匀,制得混合液;
F.发酵:向混合液中加入0.18kg的酵母菌、0.1kg的金花菌、0.07kg的枯草芽孢杆菌、0.04kg的植物乳杆菌,搅拌均匀,在温度为36℃,湿度为28%的条件下发酵10h,制得原料发酵物;
G.均质:将混合液均质处理,温度为74℃,采用二级均质,一级均质压力为56Mpa,二级均质压力23Mpa;
H.冷冻干燥:将均质后的混合液在-25℃条件下,冷冻32h,然后在装载量按19kg/m2、工作压力65Pa、解析压力32Pa、温度46℃的条件下干燥,干燥后粉碎,制得藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉;
I.包装:将藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉用食品级包装材料包装,入通风干燥环境中储存。
本发明未涉及部分均与现有技术相同或可采用现有技术加以实现。
Claims (1)
1.一种藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉的加工方法,其特征是,采用以下步骤:
A.原料准备:采摘新鲜的、完整的藜菜、紫珠叶、芽茶、山药皮、萱草花、枸杞芽,清水清洗后分别切成藜菜粒、紫珠叶粒、芽茶粒、山药皮粒、萱草花粒、枸杞芽粒,取10kg的藜菜粒、7kg的紫珠叶粒、5kg的芽茶粒、2kg的山药皮粒、1kg的萱草花粒、1kg的枸杞芽粒混合均匀,制得混合原料,将混合原料采用蒸汽杀青,杀青温度为132℃,杀青时间为15s,摊放冷却至室温,将混合原料采用微波干燥再次杀青,在微波干燥杀青时,微波设备的皮带传输速度为1.0m/min,温度为87℃,混合原料在皮带上的厚度为0.6cm,干燥至混合原料含水量为12.4%时停止干燥,制得原料碎粒;
B.提取:向原料碎粒中加入65kg的浓度为3.8%的苹果酸溶液中进行恒温振荡提取,温度设置为72℃,振荡转速150r/min,提取时间120min,冷却至室温,过滤得滤液一及初渣,初渣再用3倍的蒸馏水在57℃的条件下进行恒温振荡提取,振荡转速100r/min,提取时间150min,过滤得滤液二与原料滤渣,将滤液一与滤液二混合,在65℃的环境下浓缩至原体积的10%,制得原料提取液;
C.酶解:将原料滤渣粉碎处理,并向粉碎后的原料滤渣中加入3kg的波棱瓜汁、2kg的榅桲汁、1kg的格桑花汁、1kg的乌药叶汁、1kg的南蛇藤果汁、8kg浓度为2.9%的维生素C溶液、0.36kg的纤维素酶、0.28kg的果胶酶、0.13kg的淀粉酶,混合均匀,在48℃的环境下酶解120min;
D.灭酶、分离:将酶解后的原料初渣在123℃环境下灭酶19s,并将灭酶后的原料初渣在180目离心机下进行离心分离,得到原料酶解液、原料酶解渣;
E.粉碎:将滤干后的原料酶解渣进行超细微粉碎处理,粒度为230μm,制得原料粉;
F.混合:取煎煮液10kg、原料酶解液7kg、金刺参汁5kg、山药汁3kg、乌龙茶粉3kg、原料粉1kg、芜菁籽粉1kg、雪莲果汁1kg、常春藤汁1kg、果葡糖浆1kg、黄原胶0.08kg、山梨糖醇0.05kg、黄原胶0.03kg、硬脂酸镁0.02kg,充分混合均匀,制得混合液;
G.发酵:向混合液中加入0.13kg的纳豆菌、0.06kg的金花菌、0.02kg的枯草芽孢肝菌,搅拌均匀,在温度为36℃,湿度为27%的条件下发酵5h,制得原料发酵物;
H.均质纯化:将混合液均质处理,温度为70℃,采用二级均质,一级均质压力为50Mpa,二级均质压力23Mpa,将均质后的混合液在压力为40MPa,超滤膜的孔径为5μm的条件下进行超滤膜纯化;
I.浓缩干燥:将纯化后的混合液进行浓缩,先将混合物经反渗透浓缩至固形物含量为14%,在反渗透浓缩后再经真空浓缩至固形物含量至57%,制得浓缩物,将浓缩物进行喷雾干燥,控制进口温度122℃,出口温度76℃,干燥后粉碎,制得藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉;
J.包装:将藜菜紫珠叶芽茶酵素茶粉用食品级包装材料包装,入通风干燥环境中储存。
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