CN106258884A - The method carrying out expanding propagation with Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed - Google Patents
The method carrying out expanding propagation with Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed Download PDFInfo
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- CN106258884A CN106258884A CN201610666910.2A CN201610666910A CN106258884A CN 106258884 A CN106258884 A CN 106258884A CN 201610666910 A CN201610666910 A CN 201610666910A CN 106258884 A CN106258884 A CN 106258884A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
Abstract
For making up the vacancy of prior art, the invention provides a kind of method that Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed carries out expanding propagation, it is characterised in that the method comprises the following steps: S1. cultivates place election；S2. set up culture system and sow；S3. seedling management；Wherein: S1 described in step cultivates place and physical features natural environment on the sunny side smooth, leeward should be selected as cultivating place；Behind selected cultivation place, place is carried out finishing operations, makes cultivation place each several part substantially keep horizontal level consistent；To cultivating space enrironment disinfectant A disinfection before cultivating Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow；Culture system described in step S2 is: floating seedlings system；Described in step S3, seedling management includes: Drug use administration, fertilizing management, temperature and humidity management and seedling exercising management.Use Cultivating techniques of the present invention can be prevented effectively from the use of Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow tuber, reduce expanding propagation and cultivate cost 30 40%, improve Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow economic income rate；And expanding propagation effect, reproductive speed are all tens times of tradition tuber expanding propagation mode.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Chinese herbal medicine Cultivating techniques field, particularly relate to a kind of method that Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed carries out expanding propagation.
Background technology
Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow (formal name used at school: Aconitum vilmorinianum Kom.): Ranunculaceae, Aconitum herbaceos perennial,
The oval spherical or Radix Dauci Sativae shape of tuber, stem is wound around, blade heavily fortified point papery, pentagon, and inflorescence has 3-6 flower；Bract is linear；Sepal purplish blue
Color, seed prismatic, only at one side close life horizontal film wing.Be distributed in the middle part of Chinese yunnan, Sichuan and WESTERN GUIZHOU.Raw height above sea level
Between 2100-2500 rice in Shrubs of Mountainous Areas.Its tuber: bitter, pungent, temperature, there is severe toxicity, but have: expelling wind and cold, the work of removing damp and stopping pain
With, it is generally used for traumatic injury, rheumatalgia, deadly cold hand and foot.
Currently, the plantation of Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow mainly uses tuber to breed, and every mu needs tuber 100～120, but due to Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow
Tuber growth extremely slow, grow at least to need the time of 2～3 years, Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow in addition as the Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow of kind of block
The production meristematic capacity of tuber is not strong, to obtain substantial amounts of preferable kind of block difficulty in a short time very big.If using the least
Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow tuber is planted, it is difficult to ensure that satisfied yield can be obtained；And use bigger band bud stripping and slicing to plant, on the one hand also it is difficult to
Ensure to obtain satisfied yield, on the other hand also can be because of otch, easy bacteria infection, causes potential risk to production.And by
Drug effect part in Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow is also tuber, which results in the remainder at present for Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow, including its seed, all adopts
By the mode of waste treatment.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to make up prior art to use Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow tuber to carry out the technology vacancy of expanding propagation, it is provided that one Dendrobium denneanum Kerr.
The method that crow seed carries out expanding propagation, the method comprises the following steps:
S1. place election is cultivated.
S2. set up culture system and sow.
S3. seedling management.
Wherein:
S1 described in step cultivates place and physical features natural environment on the sunny side smooth, leeward should be selected as cultivating place；Selected cultivation
Behind place, place is carried out finishing operations, make cultivation place each several part substantially keep horizontal level consistent；Before cultivating Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow
To cultivating space enrironment disinfectant A disinfection.
Further, select that physical features is smooth, the soil body is solid, leeward on the sunny side, at the bottom of level of ground water, place intensification block, traffic just
Profit, water source cleaning, convenient management, pollute without pest and disease damage, periphery does not has plot that trees cover as building pond nursery land used.
Further, one or more during described disinfectant A is hypochlorous acid, chlorine dioxide, bleaching powder or Calx compound
Form.
Culture system described in step S2 is: floating seedlings system.
Further, the step of described floating seedlings system specifically includes:
1). set up nursery pond: on smooth good place, determine position and the scope of each nursery pond, advise between each nursery pond
Then arrange, be spaced 10-40cm between Chi Yuchi as service aisle；After determining the position of nursery pond, floating seedlings is special
Support is entirely placed in the region that nursery pond determines；The described floating seedlings special stand being placed in the region that nursery pond determines
It is described nursery pond；
2). lay rebasing film: be laid in bottom nursery pond by rebasing film, it is ensured that rebasing film is excellent, without perforation, can water-retention,
Water-tight, and stabilize it and be fixed on bottom nursery pond；
3). add larval rearing water: filling clear water to the nursery pond being covered with rebasing film, amount of water is according to nursery pond structures shape；
4). water is sterilized: in the nursery pond water body of filling clear water, multiposition uniformly puts into disinfectant B and copper sulfate, then will
Disinfectant B and copper sulfate are uniformly mixed larval rearing water disinfection with larval rearing water；
Preferably, the addition of described disinfectant B is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds 5-10g；The addition of copper sulfate is every
Cubic meter larval rearing water adds 40-60g.
Further, one or more during described disinfectant B is hypochlorous acid, chlorine dioxide, bleaching powder or Calx compound
Form.
5). water adds fertilizer: in the nursery pond water body of filling clear water, multiposition uniformly puts into compound fertilizer A, then will be compound
Fertile A is uniformly mixed as nursery nutritional solution with larval rearing water.
Preferably, the addition of described compound fertilizer A is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds 100-200g.
Further, described compound fertilizer A is 15-15-15 compound fertilizer.
Now, planting seed to be cultivated is in drift disk hole cave, and drift dish floats on larval rearing water.Described sowing step bag
Include:
One, drift dish sterilization: except new seedlings nursing plate, all drift dishes for nursery must use the disinfection of disinfectant C；
During sterilization, disinfectant C prepared is sprayed directly on seedlings nursing plate or seedlings nursing plate is immersed in disinfectant C 20-30 minute,
Guarantee that sterilization is thorough, be positioned over dry place after sterilization and dry.
Further, described disinfectant C be hypochlorous acid, chlorine dioxide, bleaching powder, educate in guarantor one or more compounding and
Become.
Two, medium in tray: adding carbendazim medicinal liquid in ready substrate and stir, medicinal liquid is not enough to wet
Add when moistening whole substrate clean water supplement, make the substrate after humidity present hands pinch agglomerating, cast aside i.e. dissipate state；Again by above-mentioned shape
The substrate of state uniformly loads in each hole in drift dish, removes substrate unnecessary in card after filling totally.
Preferably, carbendazim medicinal liquid is 1000 times of carbendazim medicinal liquids.
Further, step 2 also includes: drift dish is raised to about 10cm eminence, unclamps both hands and makes it freely fall, logical
Cross impact when drift dish lands and fully tamp substrate in hole, it is to avoid hole；If filled out substrate produces in this operation causes hole
Discontented lattice phenomenon, can suitably mend and fill out substrate, but no longer carries out 10cm high-altitude and fall to enriching operation.
Three, sowing: first, Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed carbendazim solution dries after being completely soaked 2-8 hour；Then, with thin
Nutrition Soil or thin substrate are uniformly dressed seed；Afterwards, divide at least 2 times and the Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed after seed dressing is sown in drift dish uniformly
Hole in.
Preferably, carbendazim medicinal liquid is 1000 times of carbendazim medicinal liquids.
Further, the proportioning of described thin Nutrition Soil or thin substrate and Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed is assigned as 50:1 according to weight.
Four, sell at reduced prices pond: the drift dish sowed entirely is put on the larval rearing water of nursery pond, makes drift dish be in drift
Floating state.
Preferably, drift dish is every pond 4 row, often row 12 dish proper alignment.
Five, after planting sterilizing: be combined medicinal liquid with metalaxyl-mn-zn and Bravo and carry out after planting seedlings nursing plate spraying sterilizing,
Medicinal liquid is uniformly sprayed on the substrate broadcasting Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed.
Further, metalaxyl-mn-zn and Bravo are combined medicinal liquid is metalaxyl-mn-zn and each 0.2-0.8 of Bravo consumption
Gram/L is compounding forms.
Preferably, metalaxyl-mn-zn and Bravo are combined medicinal liquid is metalaxyl-mn-zn and each 0.375-of Bravo consumption
0.625 gram/L is compounding to be formed.
Preferably, use the standard sprayer of 16L capacity to carry out spray and release operation.
Six, canopy film and sunshade net are set up: preprepared canopy membrane cover is propped up arching in nursery pond rapidly after terminating by spraying
On beam and fix；Then, preprepared Shading net covering and is fixed on canopy film.
Described in step S3, seedling management includes: Drug use administration, fertilizing management, temperature and humidity management and seedling exercising management.
Described Drug use administration is: the interpolation concentration first adding Gen Likang, Gen Likang in nursery pond is every cubic metre and educates
Seedling water adds 60-90g；Then, adding thiram after being spaced 10-20 days and prevent and treat, the interpolation concentration of thiram is every
Cubic meter larval rearing water adds 60-90g.
Further, described Drug use administration also includes: the Miao Qihou cymoxanil mancozeb of 1000 times of liquid sprayed one every 7 days
Secondary, spray altogether twice, spray once with the mould spirit of 800 times of liquid the most again.
Described fertilizing management is: whole nursery stage need to apply fertilizer three times:
For the first time for selling at reduced prices into the after-applied compound fertilizer in pond B, the addition of described compound fertilizer B is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds
100-200g。
Preferably, described compound fertilizer B is 16-16-16 compound fertilizer.
Second time applied compound fertilizer C for after emerging the 13-17 days；The addition of described compound fertilizer C is every cubic metre of nursery
Water adds 140-260g.
Preferably, described compound fertilizer C is that 16-16-16 compound fertilizer is compounding with potassium dihydrogen phosphate to be obtained, and wherein 16-16-16 is multiple
The addition in Hefei is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds 100-200g；Potassium dihydrogen phosphate addition is every cubic metre of larval rearing water
Add 40-60g.
Third time applied compound fertilizer D for after emerging the 25-35 days；The addition of described compound fertilizer D is every cubic metre of nursery
Water adds 180-320g.
Preferably, described compound fertilizer D is that 16-16-16 compound fertilizer is compounding with potassium dihydrogen phosphate to be obtained, and wherein 16-16-16 is multiple
The addition in Hefei is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds 100-200g；Potassium dihydrogen phosphate addition is every cubic metre of larval rearing water
Add 80-120g.
Further, the fertilizing method in described fertilizing management is: described fertilizer is put into charging basket, and add water stirring and dissolving
Rear multiple spot is put into nursery pond water and mixs homogeneously with the water in pond；Need to be thoroughly mixed uniformly and check when fertilising
Water-holding quantity in pond, if the water-holding quantity in pond need to be added not in time, it is to avoid salinity is too high.
Described temperature and humidity management is: place a thermometer above drift dish to monitor temperature of shed；After seed sprouting
Each nursery pond is aerated management, carrys out humiture in management and control canopy by ventilation；Method particularly includes: by opening the big of canopy film
The little temperature of shed that regulates, temperature of shed is the highest must not exceed 35 DEG C, minimum must not be less than 10 DEG C, humidity is not to condense on canopy film
Pearl is advisable.The observation time of humiture is every morning 8:00～9:00 and 14:00～15:00 in afternoon.
The management of described seedling exercising is: along with constantly growing up of Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seedling, progressively remove the canopy covered above nursery pond
Film and sunshade net, to increase the photosynthesis of seedling and to adapt to the ability of external environment；To growth of seedling reach seedling standard time,
Canopy film and sunshade net all being thrown off, make humiture inside and outside canopy consistent, carry out room temperature management, carry out cutting off the water supply, breaking fertile seedling exercising simultaneously；
The degree of seedling exercising is wilted with Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow Seedling noon, sooner or later can recover to be advisable；Generally 5-7 days seedling exercising time was advisable；Seedling exercising
Within 15-20 days, starting seedling exercising before transplanting, now height of seedling is preferably 5-8.
Further, above-mentioned nursery pond is long 4-12m, wide 1-3m, the support of high 1-3m；Nursery pond bottom Chi Lan height
For 0.2-0.6m, being additionally provided with draw-in groove bottom nursery pond, used by nursery pond, film tool all can climb over draw-in groove top from inside to outside and draw
Extend card trench bottom and fixed with serpentine elastic wire；Canopy hurdle, middle level height is 0.5-1.5m；Top layer arch hurdle height 0.3-
0.9m；The internal sky of nursery pond bottom can place drift dish.
It is an advantage of the current invention that:
1. the present invention uses the Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed traditional Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow tuber of replacement to carry out expanding propagation cultivation, is effectively utilized and originally belongs to
In the Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed of garbage, decrease the Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow tuber quantity that plant development needs to use, thus greatly reduce Huang
The expanding propagation cost of Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, compares existing Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow multiplication technique, and expanding propagation cost of the present invention lowers ratio and reaches 30～40%.
2. due to the fact that use Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed substitutes traditional Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow tuber and carries out expanding propagation cultivation so that more
Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow tuber can use as Chinese herbal medicine or industrial crops, improve the economic benefit of Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow tuber.
Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow expanding propagation effect the most of the present invention, reproductive speed are all tens times of tradition tuber expanding propagation mode, and are educated
Seedling is delicate and pretty anosis, can meet the plantation needs to strong sprout well.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, the most detailed to the present invention below
Explanation.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
According to one embodiment of present invention, a kind of method that Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed carries out expanding propagation, the method includes following
Step:
S1. place election is cultivated.
This step includes:
Nursery place election: select that physical features is smooth, the soil body is solid, leeward on the sunny side, at the bottom of level of ground water, place intensification block, traffic just
Profit, water source cleaning, convenient management, pollute without pest and disease damage, periphery does not has plot that trees cover as building pond nursery land used.
Ground, smooth seedbed: behind selected Jian Chi place, place is carried out the smooth of necessity, remove foreign material, slope etc., make to build pond
Place level keeps consistent substantially.
Sterilize in place: smooth good nursery place disinfection.During sterilization, the disinfectant prepared directly is sprayed
Or spread fertilizer over the fields at the bottom of nursery pond pond, nursery place, on nursery passage.Disinfectant consumption is determined by circumstances.
According to one embodiment of present invention, smooth good nursery place hypochlorous acid, chlorine dioxide, bleaching powder, Calx
In one or more are compounding as disinfectant disinfection.
Study discovery through applicant, select different space enrironment can affect final cultivating seeds success rate, only exist
Cultivating under specific space enrironment, Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed just can have good cultivation success rate.
S2. set up culture system and sow.
Described in this step, culture system is floating seedlings system, and the step setting up this culture system includes:
1) Gai Miaochi is built: rule, really according to size 8 m × 1.4 m of regulation with Calx on smooth good place
The position of fixed each nursery pond and scope, regularly arranged between each nursery pond, it is spaced 25cm between Chi Yuchi as service aisle.
After determining the position of nursery pond, special aluminium alloy floating seedlings special stand is entirely placed on the region that Seedling pond line delimited
In.The long 8m of floating seedlings special stand, wide 1.4m, high 1.5m, bottom Chi Lan are highly 0.3m, and canopy hurdle, middle level height is 0.8m,
Top layer arch hurdle height 0.4m.Inner bottom sky can blow up dish 48 dish.Drift dish specification is long 54, wide by 34,325 holes.
According to one embodiment of present invention, smooth good place is used Calx according to size 4 m × 1 of regulation
M rules, and determines position and the scope of each nursery pond, regularly arranged between each nursery pond, is spaced 10cm between Chi Yuchi
As service aisle.After determining the position of nursery pond, special aluminium alloy floating seedlings special stand is entirely placed on Seedling
In the region that pond line delimited.The long 4m of floating seedlings special stand, wide 1m, high 1m, bottom Chi Lan are highly 0.2m, canopy hurdle, middle level
It is highly 0.5m, top layer arch hurdle height 0.3m.
According to one embodiment of present invention, smooth good place is used Calx according to size 12 m × 3 of regulation
M rules, and determines position and the scope of each nursery pond, regularly arranged between each nursery pond, is spaced 40 between Chi Yuchi
Cm is as service aisle.After determining the position of nursery pond, special aluminium alloy floating seedlings special stand is entirely placed on
In the region that Seedling pond line delimited.The long 12m of floating seedlings special stand, wide 3m, high 3m, bottom Chi Lan are highly 0.6m, middle level canopy
Hurdle height is 1.5m, top layer arch hurdle height 0.9m.
2) rebasing film: will by specify ready rebasing film be laid in bottom nursery special stand, four limits of rebasing film by
Interior turned-out draw-in groove of crossing is stretched at the draw-in groove of support lower floor, and is fixed in draw-in groove with serpentine elastic wire, it is ensured that fix tightly
Lean on.Spread the rebasing film at the bottom of into pond to guarantee to stand intact, without boring a hole, energy water-retention, water-tight.The most used rebasing film needs
Reinforce or update, in original pond, i.e. add the new film of last layer or change new rebasing film into.Rebasing film is thick 6 black plastics
Film.
3) add water: fill the spring water of cleanliness without any pollution and subsoil water to the nursery pond being covered with rebasing film, amount of water according to
The nursery pond selected determines, if selection bottom Chi Lan is highly the nursery pond of 0.3m, then adding water depth is 15-20cm.
4) water sterilization: in the nursery pond filling it up with spring water, each pond Multipoint Uniform puts into disinfectant 15 grams, copper sulfate
100 grams, after stirring, carry out water body disinfection.Described nursery pond is long 8m, wide 1.4m, high 1.5m, and bottom Chi Lan is highly
0.3m, canopy hurdle, middle level height is 0.8m, the aluminium alloy post of top layer arch hurdle height 0.4m.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described disinfectant is two component complex preparations, wherein component A be hypochlorous acid,
One in chlorine dioxide, bleaching powder or Calx；B component and copper sulfate.Wherein, the addition of described component A is every cubic metre
Larval rearing water adds 5g；The addition of described B component is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds 40g.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described disinfectant is two component complex preparations, wherein component A be hypochlorous acid,
Multiple compounding in chlorine dioxide, bleaching powder or Calx forms；B component and copper sulfate.Wherein, the addition of described component A is
Every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds 10g；The addition of described B component is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds 60g.
5) water adds fertilizer: in the nursery pond filling it up with spring water, and each pond Multipoint Uniform puts into the compound fertilizer of 15-15-15
300 grams, it is uniformly mixed as nursery nutritional solution with water.Described nursery pond is long 8m, wide 1.4m, high 1.5m, bottom pond
Hurdle height is 0.3m, and canopy hurdle, middle level height is 0.8m, the aluminium alloy post of top layer arch hurdle height 0.4m.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the addition of 15-15-15 compound fertilizer described in described step 5) is every cubic metre
Larval rearing water adds 100g.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the addition of 15-15-15 compound fertilizer described in described step 5) is every cubic metre
Larval rearing water adds 200g.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the addition of 15-15-15 compound fertilizer described in described step 5) is every cubic metre
Larval rearing water adds 130g.
Studying discovery through applicant, the size of nursery pond can directly affect the nursery number that the management of each nursery pond controls
Amount, nursery pond is too small, seedling cost can be caused too high and difficult management, the excessive seedling management difficulty that will also result in of nursery pond, no
Can reasonably carry out seedling management and then can affect final cultivating seeds success rate, therefore, it should select sizeable nursery pond
Carry out seedling management.Additionally, nursery pond set up concrete technology, collect including method for building up, establishment step and process of setting up and make
Disinfectant, the consumption of fertilizer and type all can directly influence the survival rate of final seed and the difficulty of cultivating seeds management
Degree.The nursery pond using nursery pond method for building up of the present invention to set up can be effectively improved the survival rate of Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed, fall
The seedling management difficulty in low later stage and the disease incidence of nursery.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described in step S2, sowing comprises the steps:
One, drift dish sterilization: except new seedlings nursing plate, all drift dishes for nursery must disinfection.During sterilization, will
The disinfectant prepared is sprayed directly on seedlings nursing plate, or is immersed in by seedlings nursing plate in disinfectant 20-30 minute, it is ensured that sterilization is gone out
Bacterium is thorough, is positioned over dry place and dries after sterilization.Disinfectant consumption and extension rate are consulted and used description and are carried out.
According to one embodiment of present invention, disinfectant described in step one can select hypochlorous acid, chlorine dioxide, bleaching
Powder, one or more educated in guarantor are compounding to be obtained.
Two, medium in tray: in preprepared substrate, adds appropriate 1000 times carbendazim medicinal liquid and is sufficiently stirred for
Uniformly, medicinal liquid is not enough to during moistening whole substrate add clean water and supplements, make the substrate after humidity present hands pinch agglomerating, cast aside the most scattered
State.Again the substrate of above-mentioned state is uniformly loaded in each hole in drift dish, remove in card many after filling totally
Remaining substrate, and drift dish is raised to 10cm eminence, to unclamp both hands and make it freely fall, impact when being landed by drift dish is abundant
Tamp substrate in hole, it is to avoid hole.If filled out substrate produces discontented lattice phenomenon in this operation causes hole, can suitably mend and fill out base
Matter, but no longer carry out 10cm high-altitude and fall to enriching operation.
Applicant finds through research, and the growth of seedling tool is had a significant impact by the fillings degree of compaction of substrate, substrate close
Solidity must be moderate, but prior art is the most all to be determined by technical staff's feel for substrate filling degree of compaction, lacks
Unified operation or code requirement, there is wild effect according to the sensation difference of each technical staff in degree of compaction.Use this
Bright described drift dish being raised to 10cm eminence, unclamp both hands and make it freely fall, impact when being landed by drift dish is fully tamped
Substrate in hole, it is to avoid the method in hole is possible not only to make substrate degree of compaction moderate and can realize the homogenization of degree of compaction,
Avoid owing to substrate fills the seedling early growth state unbalanced phenomena that degree of compaction difference causes.
Three, sowing: weigh 60g Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed with valve bag, prior to seeding by quality than seed: thin Nutrition Soil or thin
The proportioning of substrate=1:50 is uniformly dressed seed, and uniform broadcasting is on 12 dishes at twice, and often dish application rate controls at about 5 grams, successively
Operation, completes all to sow.Before broadcasting, Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed dries after being completely soaked 4 hours with 1000 times of liquid carbendazim solutions
Wait to broadcast.
According to one embodiment of present invention, Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed is completely soaked 2-8 with 1000 times of liquid carbendazim solutions
Dry after hour and wait to broadcast.Although this step soaks the disease probability that can effectively reduce seed, but must strictly control seed
Soak time, with the characteristic of applicable Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed.Time is too short, can not play due bactericidal effect；Overlong time then can
Have a strong impact on the biological activity of seed, cause the survival rate of seed to decline.
According to one embodiment of present invention, Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed with 1000 times of liquid carbendazim solutions be completely soaked 6 little
Dry time after and wait to broadcast.
According to one embodiment of present invention, it is segmented into repeatedly average for the Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed after seed dressing being sprinkling upon drift dish
On.Use the mode repeatedly sowed seeds so that the application rate on each drift dish is more uniform, the seedling management after convenience,
And the nursery in each region of nursery pond can be allowed the most reasonably to absorb nutrient, it is effectively improved the survival rate of nursery.
Four, sell at reduced prices pond: the drift dish sowed entirely is put on the larval rearing water of nursery pond, makes drift dish be in drift
Floating state.
According to one embodiment of present invention, it is highly 0.3m as selected long 8m, wide 1.4m, high 1.5m, bottom Chi Lan,
Canopy hurdle, middle level height is 0.8m, and the metal alloy support of top layer arch hurdle height 0.4m is as nursery pond；Selecting specification is long 54, wide
The drift dish in 34,325 holes, then 4 row, often row 12, altogether 48 drift dishes can be put in the every pond of nursery pond, and drift dish needs neat row
Row.
Five, after planting sterilizing: with metalaxyl-mn-zn and each 8 grams/watering can of Bravo, described watering can is the standard of capacity 16L
Aerosol apparatus, carries out after planting seedlings nursing plate spraying sterilizing, is uniformly sprayed on the substrate broadcasting Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed by medicinal liquid.Often spray
Kettle sprays two nursery ponds, uniformity of being sure to of spraying.
According to one embodiment of present invention, metalaxyl-mn-zn and each 3.2-12.8 gram/watering can of Bravo, described watering can is
The standard sprayer of capacity 16L, carries out after planting seedlings nursing plate spraying sterilizing, is uniformly sprayed by medicinal liquid and broadcasting Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed
Above substrate.Every watering can sprays two nursery ponds, uniformity of being sure to of spraying.Used by this step, liquor strength must strictly be controlled
System, with the growth conditions of applicable Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow nursery.Concentration is too low can not play due bactericidal effect；Excessive concentration then can affect
The biological activity of nursery, results even in nursery dead time serious.
Six, set up canopy film and sunshade net: spraying terminate after rapidly by preprepared canopy membrane cover on support arched girder,
Plastic greenhouse film falls to the four limit serpentine elastic wires on ground and is fixed in support lower floor aluminum matter draw-in groove.The most again will be the most accurate
The Shading net covering got ready is on canopy film, and sunshade net falls to the part of ground surrounding and is fixed on serpentine elastic wire equally
In the draw-in groove of support lower floor.Lid canopy thickness is 10, and the rate of sheltering from heat or light of sunshade net is 80%.
Study discovery through applicant, the concrete steps of sowing, method be different and each step is selected disinfectant, fertilizer
The type cultivation success rate that all can directly influence final Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed different with consumption and the quality of Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seedling, because of
This, need according to certain sowing step, method and certain disinfectant, the type of fertilizer and consumption guarantee Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow kind
The cultivation success rate of son and the quality of Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seedling.
S3. seedling management.
Described in step S3, seedling management includes: Drug use administration, fertilizing management, temperature and humidity management and seedling exercising management.Wherein:
Drug use administration is: if selection long 8m, wide 1.4m, high 1.5m, bottom Chi Lan are highly 0.3m, canopy hurdle, middle level height is
0.8m, the metal alloy support of top layer arch hurdle height 0.4m as nursery pond, then puts into 150g Gen Likang, after being spaced 15 days in every pond
Every pond places into 150g thiram and prevents and treats；The Miao Qihou cymoxanil mancozeb of 1000 times of liquid sprayed once every 7 days, sprayed altogether
Twice, spray once with the mould spirit of 800 times of liquid the most again.This Drug use administration method is used effectively to reduce by pond water quality
The nursery root rot that difference causes.
According to one embodiment of present invention, it is highly 0.3m as selected long 8m, wide 1.4m, high 1.5m, bottom Chi Lan,
Canopy hurdle, middle level height is 0.8m, and the metal alloy support of top layer arch hurdle height 0.4m as nursery pond, then puts into 100-in every pond
200g Gen Likang, after being spaced 13-17 days, every pond places into 100-200g thiram and prevents and treats；The Miao Qihou frost of 1000 times of liquid
Urea MnZn sprayed once every 5-9 days, sprays altogether twice, sprays once with the mould spirit of 800 times of liquid.
Fertilizing management is: the whole nursery stage of Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii need to apply fertilizer three times, as selected long 8m, wide 1.4m, high 1.5m, bottom pond
Hurdle height is 0.3m, and canopy hurdle, middle level height is 0.8m, and the metal alloy support of top layer arch hurdle height 0.4m is as nursery pond, then:
16-16-16 compound fertilizer 300g is applied into Hou Mei pond, pond for the first time for selling at reduced prices.
Second time put into 16-16-16 compound fertilizer 300g and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100g for the after emerging the 15th day.
Third time puts into 16-16-16 compound fertilizer 200g and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 200g for the after emerging the 30th day every pond.
Fertilizing method is to put into bucket with the handle for bucket fertilizer of 15L, and after adding the water stirring fertilizer dissolving of 10L, point four points are put
Enter in pond, and mix homogeneously with the water in pond.Should be thoroughly mixed uniformly and check the water-holding quantity in pond when fertilising,
If need to be added in time not, it is to avoid salinity is too high.
According to one embodiment of present invention, fertilizing management can be:
For the first time for selling at reduced prices into pond after-applied 16-16-16 compound fertilizer, addition is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds 100g.
Second time applied 16-16-16 compound fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate Compound fertilizer for the after emerging the 13rd day；Wherein 16-16-
The addition of 16 compound fertilizer is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds 100g；Potassium dihydrogen phosphate addition is every cubic metre of larval rearing water
Add 40g.
Third time applied 16-16-16 compound fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate Compound fertilizer for the after emerging the 25th day；Wherein 16-16-
The addition of 16 compound fertilizer is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds 100g；Potassium dihydrogen phosphate addition is every cubic metre of larval rearing water
Add 80g.
According to one embodiment of present invention, fertilizing management can be:
For the first time for selling at reduced prices into pond after-applied 16-16-16 compound fertilizer, addition is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds 200g.
Second time applied 16-16-16 compound fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate Compound fertilizer for the after emerging the 17th day；Wherein 16-16-
The addition of 16 compound fertilizer is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds 200g；Potassium dihydrogen phosphate addition is every cubic metre of larval rearing water
Add 60g.
Third time applied 16-16-16 compound fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate Compound fertilizer for the after emerging the 35th day；Wherein 16-16-
The addition of 16 compound fertilizer is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds 200g；Potassium dihydrogen phosphate addition is every cubic metre of larval rearing water
Add 120g.
According to one embodiment of present invention, fertilizing management can be:
For the first time for selling at reduced prices into pond after-applied 16-16-16 compound fertilizer, addition is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds 130g.
Second time applied 16-16-16 compound fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate Compound fertilizer for the after emerging the 14th day；Wherein 16-16-
The addition of 16 compound fertilizer is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds 130g；Potassium dihydrogen phosphate addition is every cubic metre of larval rearing water
Add 50g.
Third time applied 16-16-16 compound fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate Compound fertilizer for the after emerging the 35th day；Wherein 16-16-
The addition of 16 compound fertilizer is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds 130g；Potassium dihydrogen phosphate addition is every cubic metre of larval rearing water
Add 100g.
Temperature and humidity management is: place a thermometer above drift dish at 10 to monitor temperature of shed.At seed sprouting
After each pond will be aerated management, carry out humiture in management and control canopy by ventilation.Adjusted by the size opening canopy film
Joint temperature of shed, temperature of shed is the highest must not exceed 35 DEG C, minimum must not be less than 10 DEG C, humidity with the pearl that do not condenses on canopy film is
Preferably.The observation time of humiture is every morning 8:00～9:00 and 14:00～15:00 in afternoon.This time period carries out humiture
Observation can accurately obtain the humiture situation in nursery pond, and result can be accurate and effective according to the observation to educating
Humiture in Miao Chi is managed.
Seedling exercising management is: along with constantly growing up of Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seedling, covers the canopy film on nursery pond, sunshade net will be by
Step removes accordingly, to increase the photosynthesis of seedling and to adapt to the ability of external environment.Reach to seedling length to 70 days
During seedling standard, canopy film and sunshade net all to be thrown off, make humiture inside and outside canopy consistent, carry out room temperature management, make Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. black
Seedling is all exposed in natural environment carry out seedling exercising, in combination with Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow Seedling is suitably cut off the water supply, broken fertile seedling exercising.Seedling exercising
Degree wilt noon with Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow Seedling, sooner or later can recover to be advisable.Generally 5-7 days seedling exercising time was advisable.Seedling exercising is in shifting
Planting first 25 days and start seedling exercising, now height of seedling is preferably 5-8.
Applicant finds through research, and rational seedling management can significantly improve survival rate and the nursery of Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed
Quality, the integrated management using seedling management method of the present invention to carry out nursery can substantially reduce nursery mortality rate and
Sick rate, can realize nursery disease-free substantially, and the survival rate after gained culturing and transplanting seedlings is high, has nearly reached 100%.
Additionally, the present invention has the further advantage that
1. the present invention uses the Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed traditional Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow tuber of replacement to carry out expanding propagation cultivation, is effectively utilized and originally belongs to
In the Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed of garbage, decrease the Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow tuber quantity that plant development needs to use, thus greatly reduce Huang
The expanding propagation cost of Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, compares existing Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow multiplication technique, and expanding propagation cost of the present invention lowers ratio and reaches 30～40%.
2. due to the fact that use Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed substitutes traditional Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow tuber and carries out expanding propagation cultivation so that more
Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow tuber can use as Chinese herbal medicine or industrial crops, improve the economic benefit of Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow tuber.
Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow expanding propagation effect the most of the present invention, reproductive speed are all tens times of tradition tuber expanding propagation mode, and are educated
Seedling is delicate and pretty anosis, can meet the plantation needs to strong sprout well.
It should be noted that and understand, in the case of without departing from the spirit and scope required by the claims in the present invention, energy
Enough present invention to foregoing detailed description make various modifications and improvements.It is therefore desirable to the scope of the technical scheme of protection is not subject to
The restriction of given any specific exemplary teachings.
Claims (10)
1. the method carrying out expanding propagation with Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed, it is characterised in that the method comprises the following steps:
S1. place election is cultivated；
S2. set up culture system and sow；
S3. seedling management；
Wherein:
S1 described in step cultivates place election and includes: select physical features natural environment on the sunny side smooth, leeward as cultivating place；Choosing
Surely, after cultivating place, place is carried out finishing operations；Within 3-7 days before cultivating Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow, enter cultivating space enrironment disinfectant A
Row is disinfected；
Culture system described in step S2 is floating seedlings system；Type of seeding described in step S2 is:
One, drift dish sterilization: drift dish disinfectant C disinfection；The described method disinfected is: first will prepare
Disinfectant C be sprayed directly on seedlings nursing plate or seedlings nursing plate be immersed in disinfectant C 20-30 minute；Then drift dish is placed
Dry in dry place；
Two, medium in tray: first in substrate add carbendazim medicinal liquid agitating, make substrate present hands pinch agglomerating, cast aside i.e. dissipate
State；Then above-mentioned substrate is uniformly loaded in the hole in drift dish；Finally remove substrate unnecessary in card；
Three, sowing: first, Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed carbendazim solution dries after being completely soaked 2-8 hour；Then, thin nutrition is used
Soil or thin substrate are uniformly dressed seed；Afterwards, the hole that the Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed after seed dressing is sown in uniformly drift dish is divided at least 2 times
In cave；
Four, sell at reduced prices pond: the drift dish sowed entirely is put into above the larval rearing water of nursery pond, makes drift dish be in floating
State；
Five, after planting sterilizing: be combined medicinal liquid with metalaxyl-mn-zn and Bravo and carry out after planting seedlings nursing plate spraying sterilizing, by medicine
Liquid uniformly sprays on the substrate broadcasting Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed；
Six, canopy film and sunshade net are set up: canopy membrane cover and is fixed on nursery pond support arched girder after terminating by spraying；Then, will hide
Screened postive covers on canopy film and fixes.
The method carrying out expanding propagation with Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that float described in establishment step S2
The step of floating seedling system specifically includes:
1). set up nursery pond: on smooth good place, first divide nursery pond position, between each nursery pond, be spaced 10-40cm
As service aisle；Afterwards floating seedlings special stand is placed in the region of described nursery pond position；Described it is placed on nursery pond
Floating seedlings special stand in the band of position is described nursery pond；
2). lay rebasing film: rebasing film is laid in nursery pond bottom, and stabilize it and be fixed on bottom nursery pond；
3). add larval rearing water: in the nursery pond bottom being covered with rebasing film, fill clear water；
4). water is sterilized: in step 3) gained nursery pond water body puts into disinfectant B, then by disinfectant B and larval rearing water
It is uniformly mixed larval rearing water disinfection；
5). water adds fertilizer: put into compound fertilizer A, then by compound fertilizer A and larval rearing water in the nursery pond water body of filling clear water
It is uniformly mixed as nursery nutritional solution.
The method carrying out expanding propagation with Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that
The addition of disinfectant B described in step 4) is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds 45-70g；
The addition of compound fertilizer A described in step 5) is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds 100-200g.
The method carrying out expanding propagation with Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2 described in step S2
Also include: drift dish is raised to 8-12cm eminence, unclamp both hands and make it freely fall.
The method carrying out expanding propagation with Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that nursery pipe described in step S3
Reason includes: disease control；The method of described disease control is: first adds Gen Likang in nursery pond and carries out disease control, root
The interpolation concentration of vertical health is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds 60-90g；Then, add thiram after being spaced 10-20 days to carry out
The supplementary preventing and treating of disease, the interpolation concentration of thiram is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds 60-90g.
The method carrying out expanding propagation with Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that nursery pipe described in step S3
Reason includes: fertilising；The method of described fertilising is:
For the first time for selling at reduced prices into the after-applied compound fertilizer in pond B, the addition of described compound fertilizer B is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds
100-200g；
Second time applied compound fertilizer C for after emerging the 13-17 days；The addition of described compound fertilizer C is every cubic metre of larval rearing water
Add 140-260g；
Third time applied compound fertilizer D for after emerging the 25-35 days；The addition of described compound fertilizer D is every cubic metre of larval rearing water
Add 180-320g；
Fertilizing method in described fertilizing management is: described fertilizer is put into charging basket, puts into nursery pond after the stirring and dissolving that adds water
In water and mix homogeneously with the water in pond.
The method carrying out expanding propagation with Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described compound fertilizer B is 16-
16-16 compound fertilizer；Described compound fertilizer C is that 16-16-16 compound fertilizer is compounding with potassium dihydrogen phosphate to be obtained, and wherein 16-16-16 is combined
Fertile addition is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds 100-200g；Potassium dihydrogen phosphate addition is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds
Add 40-60g；To be 16-16-16 compound fertilizer compounding with potassium dihydrogen phosphate obtains described compound fertilizer D, wherein 16-16-16 compound fertilizer
Addition is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds 100-200g；Potassium dihydrogen phosphate addition is that every cubic metre of larval rearing water adds
80-120g。
The method carrying out expanding propagation with Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that nursery pipe described in step S3
Reason includes: Temperature and Humidity Control；The method of described Temperature and Humidity Control is: by controlling the canopy laid outside nursery pond after seed sprouting
The coverage rate of film regulates ambient temperature 10 DEG C-35 DEG C in Seedling pond, and in nursery pond, ambient humidity is non-condensing dewdrop on canopy film.
The method carrying out expanding propagation with Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that nursery pipe described in step S3
Reason includes: seedling exercising；The method of described seedling exercising is: within 20-30 days, start the seedling that height of seedling is 5-8 is carried out seedling exercising before transplanting；
The method of described seedling exercising is: before beginning seedling exercising to growth of seedling reaches seedling standard, progressively removes covering above nursery pond
Canopy film and sunshade net；To growth of seedling reach seedling standard time, canopy film and sunshade net are all thrown off, carry out room temperature, disconnected simultaneously
Water, disconnected fertile seedling exercising, described room temperature, cut off the water supply, the time of disconnected fertile seedling exercising is 5-7 days.
10. according to the method carrying out expanding propagation with Dendrobium denneanum Kerr. crow seed described in claim 2-9 any one, it is characterised in that described
Nursery pond is long 4-12m, wide 1-3m, the support of high 1-3m；Nursery pond bottom Chi Lan is highly 0.2-0.6m, bottom nursery pond
Being additionally provided with draw-in groove, used by nursery pond, film tool all can climb over draw-in groove top from inside to outside and is stretched to card trench bottom and uses serpentine
Elastic wire is fixed；Canopy hurdle, middle level height is 0.5-1.5m；Top layer arch hurdle height 0.3-0.9m；The internal sky of nursery pond bottom can
Place drift dish.
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| CN109287427A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-02-01 | 浙江省亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of method of the clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding |
| CN111657084A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-09-15 | 国药种业有限公司 | Seedling raising method for aconitum sinomontanum seeds |
| CN112243818A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-22 | 锡林郭勒盟蒙医医院(锡林郭勒盟蒙医研究所、锡林浩特市人民医院) | Introduction and domestication method of Aconitum crassipes (Willd.) hand. -Mazz |
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| CN105612856A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-06-01 | 云南农业大学 | Simple method for improving germination rate of aconitum vilmorinianum kom seeds |
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| CN1596614A (en) * | 2004-09-20 | 2005-03-23 | 黔南金福有限责任公司 | Floating seedlings culturing method in full ventillation type small arch shed |
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| CN111657084A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-09-15 | 国药种业有限公司 | Seedling raising method for aconitum sinomontanum seeds |
| CN112243818A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-22 | 锡林郭勒盟蒙医医院(锡林郭勒盟蒙医研究所、锡林浩特市人民医院) | Introduction and domestication method of Aconitum crassipes (Willd.) hand. -Mazz |
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