CN109287427A - A kind of method of the clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding - Google Patents
A kind of method of the clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN109287427A CN109287427A CN201811095483.2A CN201811095483A CN109287427A CN 109287427 A CN109287427 A CN 109287427A CN 201811095483 A CN201811095483 A CN 201811095483A CN 109287427 A CN109287427 A CN 109287427A
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- clematis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of clematis production of hybrid seeds and the methods of seedling breeding, it is pre-processed including capsule, seed treatment, hole tray sowing, seedling culture, sprigging process, on the basis of seeding and seedling raising, it is polished 30-90 seconds by carrying out 100-250r/min to clematis capsule, and it is soaked in the Gibberellins solution of 100-300mg/L and is sowed after 1 hour, make moisture in seeding process, temperature, the conditions such as illumination and air humidity are controllable, reduce influence of the external environment to plant propagation rate, shorten breeding cycle, improve seed germination rate, most kind clematis seeding ratios are up to 85% or more, the insemination and emergence time shortens 3-6 months, be conducive to the factorial production and popularization and application of clematis plant, with preferable economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant seeding reproduction technique fields, more particularly to a kind of clematis production of hybrid seeds method of sowing.
Background technique
Clematis is Ranunculaceae (Ranunculaceae) liana, in recent years one of vine flowers and plants the most popular,
Pattern is abundant, flower pattern is different, many kinds of, possesses beautiful, graceful, generous unique ornamental value, can not only be used for novel in style
Pot flowers, it can also be used to the ground system vertical such as wall, arched door, style greening, can also make cut-flower, by etc. application, many
Leading in world-class flower show, " tough such as iron wire, the flowers are in blossom such as lotus " has the laudatory title of " liana queen ".In recent years, with family flower garden
Skill and afforestation flourish, and market demand also increases year by year, is loved by consumers.
There are about more than Actions of Clematis Species 255 in the whole world, and wherein China has 155 kinds of Actions of Clematis Species, for the platymiscium
The most abundant country of resource, all parts of the country are distributed, in the majority with Central China and southwest distribution.Clematis is used as with wide
The green plants of development prospect, market demand gradually increase, at this stage there are three types of main modess of reproduction: seed propagation,
Cutting propagation and mound layering, wherein cutting propagation and mound layering are limited by clematis plant size and maturity, breeding
Amount is smaller, and clematis seed is easy picking, and yield is larger, therefore seed propagation is the key that clematis large-scale breeding.
But most of clematis seed kind shell is thicker at present, sprouts difficulty naturally, and need by the low temperature period of vernalization
It could sprout, sprout time is longer, at 9-12 months or more, can not stablize large-scale breeding, take a long time.
Therefore how to provide it is a kind of can effectively improve clematis percentage of seedgermination and emergence rate, and it is numerous to shorten clematis seedling
The problem of method for educating the time is those skilled in the art's urgent need to resolve.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, being provided it is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcomings of that clematis can not stablize to breed in short term on a large scale
A kind of raising clematis percentage of seedgermination and emergence rate, and shorten the method for clematis seedling breeding time, incubation step is simplified
Fast, and meets the needs of seedling industrialized clematis kind, mass breeding.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of method of the clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding, including following operating procedure:
Capsule pretreatment: step 1 chooses the dry clematis seed of mature and plump, health of uniform size, to iron wire
The capsule shell of lotus seed is handled；
Step 2, seed treatment: by treated that seed is immersed in 100-300mg/L gibberellin to capsule shell in step 1
1h in the solution of GA3 is then rinsed seed 2-3 times with clear water；
Step 3, hole tray sowing: by step 2, treated that seed is sown into the seedling culture hole plate containing sowing media, sowing
Depth is 1-1.5cm, and sowing media need to be irrigated with water when sowing, after planting seedling culture hole plate is put into greenhouse, greenhouse is big
Canopy temperature is maintained between 18-28 DEG C, and humidity is maintained between 80-100%, is determined water according to stromal surface color daily
Amount；
Step 4, seedling culture: the seedling-growing time of different clematis kinds is different, and the seed to step 3 sowing grows children
After young plant leaf 30 days, seedling is moved into small size pot for growing seedlings in cultivating in greenhouse, using the dry sprinkling method seen and poured is seen, is fitted
Amount applies Water soluble fertilizer；
Step 5: sprigging: clematis seedling root to cultivate in step 4 is from small size pot for growing seedlings hydrophobic, air-permeability
After growing in hole, the clematis seedling replanting in small size pot for growing seedlings is entered in 1 gallon pots to cultivate, arcuation arranged in a crossed manner helps iron
Clematis seedling germinating tendril is led and is wound on iron wire, applies slow-release fertilizer during cultivation in right amount by silk, to clematis root from 1
After gallon pots bottom hydrophobic, air-permeability hole is grown, changes to 3 gallon pots potting cultures or ground cultivation is supported.
Preferably, in the method for a kind of above-mentioned clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding, to clematis kind in the step 1
The method that the capsule shell of son is handled are as follows: clematis capsule shell is slightly polished with sand paper, keeps clematis capsule shell thinning, but
Kind of a skin can not be injured.
Preferably, in the method for a kind of above-mentioned clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding, to clematis kind in the step 1
The method that the capsule shell of son is handled are as follows: the clematis seed of the thicker kind of capsule shell is put into crusher decladding of polishing,
It under the revolving speed of 100-250r/min, polishes 30-90 seconds, shell or the relatively thin seed of shell must be removed.
Preferably, in the method for a kind of above-mentioned clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding, in the step 3, sowing media is
The thin mud charcoal and vermiculite of 1:1 mixing, and sowing media is irrigated again with 50% carbendazol wettable powder 800 before sowing.
Preferably, in the method for a kind of above-mentioned clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding, in the step 4, the trumpet is educated
Seedling alms bowl, a length of 7cm of square shaped top opening edge, square bottom side length are 5cm, and high 7.5cm, hydrophobic, air-permeability hole is arranged at bottom.
Preferably, in the method for a kind of above-mentioned clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding, in the step 4, sprigging is arrived
In small size pot for growing seedlings, seedling cultivation depth be culture medium cover new root just, in small size pot for growing seedlings seedling medium be peat with
Perlite is uniformly mixed, mixed proportion 1:1.
Preferably, in the method for a kind of above-mentioned clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding, in the step 4, the Water soluble fertilizer
For 3000 times of water soluble composite fertilizers, Effects of Fertilization Frequency is 2 weeks 1 time, is sprayed onto blade surface with watering can.
Preferably, in the method for a kind of above-mentioned clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding, in the step 5, described 1 gallon
When flowerpot clematis is applied fertilizer, every basin applies 30-40 slow-release fertilizers, places around root, avoids directly being put in foundation portion.
It can be seen via above technical scheme that compared with prior art, the present disclosure provides a kind of clematis production of hybrid seeds
And the method for seedling breeding, clematis seed is bred using the production of hybrid seeds provided by the invention and mating system, is effectively improved
The germination percentage and emergence rate of clematis seed, shorten the clematis seedling fostering time, manually produce and provide for clematis
The breeding cultivation method of relatively stable maturation is conducive to the factorial production and popularization and application of clematis plant, has preferable
Economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
The embodiment of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 attached drawing is flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of raising clematis percentage of seedgermination and emergence rates, and it is numerous to shorten clematis seedling
The method of time is educated, incubation step is simplified fast, and meets the needs of seedling industrialized clematis kind, mass breeding.
Embodiment 1
In conjunction with attached drawing 1, the invention discloses a kind of clematis production of hybrid seeds and the methods of seedling breeding, including following operation to walk
It is rapid:
Capsule pretreatment: step 1 chooses the dry clematis seed of mature and plump, health of uniform size, to iron wire
The capsule shell of lotus seed is handled；
Step 2, seed treatment: by treated that seed is immersed in 100-300mg/L gibberellin to capsule shell in step 1
1h in the solution of GA3 is then rinsed seed 2-3 times with clear water；
Step 3, hole tray sowing: by step 2, treated that seed is sown into the seedling culture hole plate containing sowing media, sowing
Depth is 1-1.5cm, and sowing media need to be irrigated with water when sowing, after planting seedling culture hole plate is put into greenhouse, greenhouse is big
Canopy temperature is maintained between 18-28 DEG C, and humidity is maintained between 80-100%, is determined water according to stromal surface color daily
Amount；
Step 4, seedling culture: the seedling-growing time of different clematis kinds is different, and the seed to step 3 sowing grows children
After young plant leaf 30 days, seedling is moved into small size pot for growing seedlings in cultivating in greenhouse, using the dry sprinkling method seen and poured is seen, is fitted
Amount applies Water soluble fertilizer；
Step 5: sprigging: clematis seedling root to cultivate in step 4 is from small size pot for growing seedlings hydrophobic, air-permeability
After growing in hole, the clematis seedling replanting in small size pot for growing seedlings is entered in 1 gallon pots to cultivate, arcuation arranged in a crossed manner helps iron
Clematis seedling germinating tendril is led and is wound on iron wire, applies slow-release fertilizer during cultivation in right amount by silk, to clematis root from 1
After gallon pots bottom hydrophobic, air-permeability hole is grown, changes to 3 gallon pots potting cultures or ground cultivation is supported.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of the clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding, operating procedure is substantially same as Example 1, and difference exists
In the method handled in step 1 the capsule shell of clematis seed are as follows: clematis capsule shell is slightly polished with sand paper,
Keep clematis capsule shell thinning, but kind of a skin can not be injured.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of the clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding, operating procedure is substantially same as Example 1, and difference exists
In the method handled in step 1 the capsule shell of clematis seed are as follows: by the clematis seed of the thicker kind of capsule shell
Be put into crusher decladding of polishing, under the revolving speed of 100-250r/min, polish 30-90 seconds, must remove shell or shell compared with
Thin seed.
Embodiment 4
A kind of method of the clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding, operating procedure is substantially same as Example 1, and difference exists
In, the clematis seed of the thicker kind of capsule shell is put into crusher decladding of polishing, under the revolving speed of 100-150r/min,
Polishing 30-90 seconds must remove shell or the relatively thin seed of shell.
Embodiment 5
A kind of method of the clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding, operating procedure is substantially same as Example 1, and difference exists
In, the clematis seed of the thicker kind of capsule shell is put into crusher decladding of polishing, under the revolving speed of 150-200r/min,
Polishing 30-90 seconds must remove shell or the relatively thin seed of shell.
Embodiment 6
A kind of method of the clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding, operating procedure is substantially same as Example 1, and difference exists
In, the clematis seed of the thicker kind of capsule shell is put into crusher decladding of polishing, under the revolving speed of 200-250r/min,
Polishing 30-90 seconds must remove shell or the relatively thin seed of shell
Embodiment 7
A kind of method of the clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding, operating procedure is substantially same as Example 5, and difference exists
In by capsule shell, treated that seed is immersed in 1h in the solution of 100mg/L gibberellin GA3 in step 1.
Embodiment 8
A kind of method of the clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding, operating procedure is substantially same as Example 5, and difference exists
In by capsule shell, treated that seed is immersed in 1h in the solution of 200mg/L gibberellin GA3 in step 1.
Embodiment 9
A kind of method of the clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding, operating procedure is substantially same as Example 5, and difference exists
In by capsule shell, treated that seed is immersed in 1h in the solution of 300mg/L gibberellin GA3 in step 1.
Embodiment 10
A kind of method of the clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding, operating procedure is substantially same as Example 1, and difference exists
In, sowing media is the thin mud charcoal and vermiculite of 1:1 mixing, and the thin mud charcoal is the fine fibre of 0~5mm, and pH is 5.5~6.5, and
And sowing media is irrigated again with 50% carbendazol wettable powder 800 before sowing.
Embodiment 11
A kind of method of the clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding, operating procedure is substantially same as Example 1, and difference exists
In in step 4, small size pot for growing seedlings, a length of 7cm of square shaped top opening edge, square bottom side length is 5cm, high 7.5cm, bottom
There is hydrophobic, air-permeability hole in portion.
Embodiment 12
A kind of method of the clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding, operating procedure is substantially same as Example 1, and difference exists
In in step 4, sprigging is into small size pot for growing seedlings, and seedling cultivation depth is that culture medium covers new root just, and trumpet is educated
Seedling medium is that peat is uniformly mixed with perlite in seedling alms bowl, mixed proportion 1:1.
Embodiment 13
A kind of method of the clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding, operating procedure is substantially same as Example 1, and difference exists
In in step 4, Water soluble fertilizer is 3000 times of water soluble composite fertilizers, and Effects of Fertilization Frequency is 2 weeks 1 time, is sprayed onto blade surface i.e. with watering can
It can；The nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio of water soluble composite fertilizer is 20-20-20.
Embodiment 14
A kind of method of the clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding, operating procedure is substantially same as Example 1, and difference exists
In in step 5, when 1 gallon pots clematis is applied fertilizer, every basin applies 30-40 slow-release fertilizers, places around root, avoids straight
It connects and is put in foundation portion.
The cultivation of production of hybrid seeds sowing and breeding carried out to clematis by above 14 kinds different implementation methods, and Statistical Comparison as a result,
It obtains as drawn a conclusion:
Clematis capsule shell is slightly polished with sand paper, or the thicker clematis variety seeds of capsule shell are put into crusher
In slightly polish, obtain treated clematis seed, the clematis seed sprouting time after processing significantly shortens, Dawn,
The clematis seed sprouting time of the kinds such as Alaina, Bee's Jubilee, Starofindia, Corona can shorten 3-6
Month.
When crusher polishing revolving speed is 100-150r/min, the more difficult polishing of clematis seed kind shell, revolving speed is 200-
When 550r/min, the bounce of clematis seed is excessive, influences grinding effect, when revolving speed is 150-200r/min, reaches seed and beats
Mill requires, and kind shell is thinning but does not damage seed.
The clematis seed that kind of shell is thinned impregnates in the solution of 100mg/L gibberellin GA3 after 1h, percentage of seedgermination with go out
Seedling rate is best, most of clematis seed such as Dawn, Alaina, Bee's Jubilee, Star ofindia, Corona, east
Clematis, Zhunger Basin clematis emergence rate are higher than other embodiments up to 85% or more.
When sprouting seedling is transplanted for the first time, top side length 7cm is selected, bottom side length 5cm, high 7.5cm, hydrophobic, air-permeability is arranged at bottom
The small size pot for growing seedlings in hole, is also conducive to clematis root growth while saving space, and seedling cultivation depth is new to cover just
Root is advisable, and seedling medium is that peat is uniformly mixed with perlite 1:1 after transplanting.Clematis seedling and mature plant cultivating mistake
Cheng Zhong, cultivation matrix see it is dry see pour, applied fertilizer before growth period to seedling, 3000 times water-soluble applied during small size pot for growing seedlings culture
Property compound fertilizer, Effects of Fertilization Frequency be 2 weeks 1 time, be sprayed onto blade surface with watering can；After transplanting such as 1 gallon of above flowerpot of specification,
Apply slow-release fertilizer, 30 or so slow-release fertilizers of the every basin of 1 gallon of basin, 50 or so slow-release fertilizers of the every basin of 3 gallons of basins.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.For device disclosed in embodiment
For, since it is corresponded to the methods disclosed in the examples, so being described relatively simple, related place is said referring to method part
It is bright.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method of clematis production of hybrid seeds and seedling breeding, which is characterized in that including following operating procedure:
Capsule pretreatment: step 1 chooses the dry clematis seed of mature and plump, health of uniform size, to clematis kind
The capsule shell of son is handled；
Step 2, seed treatment: by treated that seed is immersed in 100-300mg/L gibberellin GA3 to capsule shell in step 1
Solution in 1h, then with clear water by seed rinse 2-3 times；
Step 3, hole tray sowing: by step 2, treated that seed is sown into the seedling culture hole plate containing sowing media, depth of planting
For 1-1.5cm, sowing media need to be irrigated with water when sowing, after planting seedling culture hole plate is put into greenhouse, greenhouse temperature
Degree is maintained between 18-28 DEG C, and humidity is maintained between 80-100%, determines irrigation amount according to stromal surface color daily；
Step 4, seedling culture: the seedling-growing time of different clematis kinds is different, and the seed to step 3 sowing grows seedling
After leaf 30 days, seedling is moved into small size pot for growing seedlings in cultivating in greenhouse, using the dry sprinkling method seen and poured is seen, is applied in right amount
Water soluble fertilizer；
Step 5: sprigging: the clematis seedling root to cultivate in step 4 is from small size pot for growing seedlings hydrophobic, air-permeability hole
After growing, the clematis seedling replanting in small size pot for growing seedlings being entered in 1 gallon pots to cultivate, arcuation arranged in a crossed manner helps an iron wire,
Clematis seedling germinating tendril is led and is wound on iron wire, slow-release fertilizer is applied during cultivation in right amount, to clematis root from 1 gallon
After flowerpot bottom hydrophobic, air-permeability hole is grown, changes to 3 gallon pots potting cultures or ground cultivation is supported.
2. the method for a kind of clematis production of hybrid seeds according to claim 1 and seedling breeding, which is characterized in that the step
The method that the capsule shell of clematis seed is handled in one are as follows: clematis capsule shell is slightly polished with sand paper, makes iron wire
Lotus capsule shell is thinning, but can not injure kind of a skin.
3. the method for a kind of clematis production of hybrid seeds according to claim 1 and seedling breeding, which is characterized in that the step
The method that the capsule shell of clematis seed is handled in one are as follows: be put into the clematis seed of the thicker kind of capsule shell broken
It polishes in machine decladding, under the revolving speed of 100-250r/min, polishes 30-90 seconds, shell or the relatively thin seed of shell must be removed.
4. the method for a kind of clematis production of hybrid seeds according to claim 1 and seedling breeding, which is characterized in that the step
In three, sowing media is the thin mud charcoal and vermiculite of 1:1 mixing, and is poured again before sowing with 50% carbendazol wettable powder 800
Saturating sowing media.
5. the method for a kind of clematis production of hybrid seeds according to claim 1 and seedling breeding, which is characterized in that the step
In four, the trumpet pot for growing seedlings, a length of 7cm of square shaped top opening edge, square bottom side length is 5cm, high 7.5cm, bottom
There is hydrophobic, air-permeability hole.
6. the method for a kind of clematis production of hybrid seeds according to claim 1 and seedling breeding, which is characterized in that the step
In four, into small size pot for growing seedlings, seedling cultivation depth is that culture medium covers new root just for sprigging, is educated in small size pot for growing seedlings
Seedling matrix is that peat is uniformly mixed with perlite, mixed proportion 1:1.
7. the method for a kind of clematis production of hybrid seeds according to claim 1 and seedling breeding, which is characterized in that the step
In four, the Water soluble fertilizer is 3000 times of water soluble composite fertilizers, and Effects of Fertilization Frequency is 2 weeks 1 time, is sprayed onto blade surface with watering can.
8. the method for a kind of clematis production of hybrid seeds according to claim 1 and seedling breeding, which is characterized in that the step
In five, when the 1 gallon pots clematis is applied fertilizer, every basin applies 30-40 slow-release fertilizers, places around root, avoids directly putting
In foundation portion.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110447522A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-11-15 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A method of the nursery of azalea Subgenus is carried out using rataria |
| CN112616606A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-09 | 中国热带农业科学院海口实验站 | Tropical flower breeding method |
| CN113796285A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-17 | 河北农业大学 | Acer mono Maxim leaf clematis seeding culture medium |
| CN113854092A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-31 | 河北农业大学 | Acer mono Maxim leaf clematis seed propagation method |
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