CN113854092A - Acer mono Maxim leaf clematis seed propagation method - Google Patents
Acer mono Maxim leaf clematis seed propagation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113854092A CN113854092A CN202111101259.1A CN202111101259A CN113854092A CN 113854092 A CN113854092 A CN 113854092A CN 202111101259 A CN202111101259 A CN 202111101259A CN 113854092 A CN113854092 A CN 113854092A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/18—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing inorganic fibres, e.g. mineral wool
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for propagating clematis acer maxim seeds, which relates to the technical field of cultivation and comprises the following steps: (1) sowing: sowing the acer mono bunge seeds in a culture medium, watering thoroughly, covering a film for moisturizing, shading and accelerating germination; (2) and (3) cotyledon period management: removing the film after the seedlings germinate, shading and managing, watering twice a day, and keeping the culture medium moist; (3) and (3) true leaf stage management: after the true leaves grow out, moving to a natural illumination environment with illumination intensity of 4000-; (4) managing in the next year: in the natural illumination environment with the illumination intensity increased to 30000-50000 lux in the next year, applying the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium full-proportion water-soluble fertilizer once per week, and watering on the principle of dry and wet. Compared with wild propagation, the method provided by the invention has the advantages that the germination rate and the survival rate of seeds are obviously improved, the early flowering is promoted, and the seeds can live through the winter in the open air in the areas of the south of Beijing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation, in particular to a method for propagating clematis acer ginnala seeds.
Background
The clematis acerifolia is a perennial erect shrub of clematis, is specially produced in Beijing and grows in the cliff of limestone. The iron wire lotus plant flower and fruit has beautiful shape and strong adaptability, is an excellent vertical greening plant, is one of landscape flowers commonly used at home and abroad, is commonly used for flower walls and flower columns in garden application, is also an indispensable excellent plant variety for building landscape in vertical space, and has extremely high gardening and ornamental values.
The clematis plant is a beautiful name of 'vine queen', but most clematis varieties have poor performance in garden application in northern areas, because most varieties are sourced from Europe and America, the heat resistance is poor, and the clematis plant adapting to the northern environment is introduced and utilized less, so that further cultivation into potted flowers cannot be realized.
Therefore, the problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field is to provide an artificial propagation method for the clematis.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for propagating clematis acer ginnala seeds. The propagation method can promote the germination rate and survival rate of the acer mono-eleutherine artificially cultured, and makes it possible to artificially introduce and culture the acer mono-eleutherine.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for propagating clematis acer maxim seeds comprises the following steps:
(1) sowing: sowing the acer mono bunge seeds in a culture medium, watering thoroughly, covering a film for moisturizing, shading and accelerating germination;
(2) and (3) cotyledon period management: removing the film after the seedlings germinate, shading and managing, watering twice a day, and keeping the culture medium moist;
(3) and (3) true leaf stage management: after the true leaves grow out, moving to a natural illumination environment with illumination intensity of 4000-;
(4) managing in the next year: in the natural illumination environment with the illumination intensity increased to 30000-50000 lux in the next year, applying the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium full-proportion water-soluble fertilizer once per week, and watering on the principle of dry and wet (namely, watering after the surface layer of the culture substrate is dry, and watering thoroughly every time watering is needed).
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the culture substrate comprises a basement layer, a root planting layer and a covering layer from bottom to top;
the bedrock layer consists of limestone, perlite and pumice with the volume ratio of 2:1: 1;
the root planting layer consists of coconut chaff, perlite, pumice and ultramarine fertilizer 318s in a volume ratio of 56:28:28: 1;
the overburden is composed of limestone chips;
the thickness of the culture substrate is 10-20cm, and the thickness ratio of the basement layer, the root planting layer and the covering layer is 90:5: 5.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shading rate in the steps (1) and (2) is 90%.
More preferably, the illumination intensity in steps (1) and (2) is 2000-4000 lux natural illumination.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the soil humidity in the steps (1) and (2) is more than 40%.
More preferably, the soil moisture in steps (1) and (2) is 40% to 70%.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium full-ratio water soluble fertilizer in the step (3) is 1:1: 1.
More preferably, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium full-proportion water-soluble fertilizer obtained in the step (3) is diluted by 8000 times at the initial stage, and is diluted by 4000 times after 4 true leaves grow; and (4) diluting the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium full-proportion water-soluble fertilizer by 2000 times.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, before the winter dormancy stage, the water is frozen, and fallen leaves are covered for moisture preservation in the step (3).
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention discloses and provides a method for propagating clematis acer maxim seeds. The method adopts special seeding culture medium which meets the growth requirement of acer mono-leaf clematis to propagate seeds, matches with scientific temperature, humidity and illumination conditions, obviously improves the germination rate and survival rate of the seeds, promotes early flowering, and can overwinter in the open field in the south of Beijing.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the germination of clematis maple provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the growth of clematis maple according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the blooming of clematis maple according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Maple leaf clematis seeding culture medium:
the artificial wetland comprises a basal rock layer, a root planting layer and a covering layer from bottom to top;
wherein the bedrock layer consists of limestone, perlite and pumice with the volume ratio of 2:1: 1; the root planting layer consists of coconut chaff, perlite, pumice and ultramarine fertilizer 318s with the volume ratio of 56:28:28: 1; the overburden is composed of limestone chips;
the thickness of the culture substrate is 15cm, and the thickness ratio of the basement layer, the root planting layer and the covering layer is 90:5: 5.
The method for propagating the acer leaf clematis seeds comprises the following steps:
(1) sowing: after the cultivation substrate is matched with soil, the matched soil is disinfected by 500 times of carbendazim solution. Placing the seed of Clematis Filiformis under the covering layer with tweezers, planting the surface of the root layer, watering, covering with film, keeping moisture, and germinating under the natural illumination of 2000 and 4000 luxes in a shady shed with shading rate of 90% for 9-14 days (see figure 1).
(2) And (3) cotyledon period management: removing the film after seedlings germinate, under natural illumination of 2000-4000 lux, shading management under a shading shed with shading rate of 90%, watering twice a day, and keeping the culture medium moist (the humidity is controlled to be 40-70%);
(3) and (3) true leaf stage management: after the true leaves grow out, moving the flower to a natural illumination environment with illumination intensity of 4000-; before dormancy, water is poured, and fallen leaves are covered for moisture preservation (see figure 2).
(4) Managing in the next year: in the natural illumination environment with the illumination intensity increased to 30000-50000 lux, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium full-proportion water-soluble fertilizer (2000 times of diluent) is applied once per week, and watering is carried out on the basis of dry and wet conditions (see attached figure 3).
Comparative example 1
Maple leaf clematis seeding culture medium:
consists of red jade soil and deer marsh soil with the volume ratio of 1: 1.
The use method of the culture medium comprises the following steps:
and after the soil is prepared, disinfecting the prepared soil. Placing seeds of clematis aethiopica into a position 0.5-1 cm below the surface of a matrix by using forceps, watering thoroughly, then covering a film for moisturizing, and placing the matrix in a shady shed with a shading rate of 90% for sprouting.
The method for propagating the clematis acerba seeds is the same as that in example 1.
Comparative example 2
Maple leaf clematis seeding culture medium:
comprises a root planting layer and a covering layer from bottom to top; the root planting layer consists of coconut chaff, perlite and pumice with the volume ratio of 2:1:1, and accounts for 95% of the total thickness of the soil layer; the covering layer is limestone fragments and accounts for 5% of the total thickness of the soil layer.
The method for propagating the clematis acerba seeds is the same as that in example 1.
Comparative example 3
Maple leaf clematis seeding culture medium:
the artificial wetland comprises a basal rock layer, a root planting layer and a covering layer from bottom to top;
wherein the bedrock layer consists of limestone, perlite and pumice with the volume ratio of 2:1: 1; the root planting layer consists of peat, perlite and pumice with the volume ratio of 2:1: 1; the overburden is composed of limestone chips;
and the thickness ratio of the basal rock layer, the root zone and the covering layer is 80:15: 5.
The method for propagating the clematis acerba seeds is the same as that in example 1.
Comparative example 4
The seeding and cultivating medium for clematis acerba is the same as that in example 1.
The method for propagating the acer leaf clematis seeds comprises the following steps:
(1) sowing: after the cultivation substrate is matched with soil, the matched soil is disinfected by using a 500-carbendazim solution. Placing the seed of Clematis Filifolia under a covering layer with tweezers, watering, planting the surface of the root layer, covering with film, keeping moisture, and placing under a shady shed with shading rate of 90% under natural illumination of 2000-4000 lux for germination for 9-14 days.
(2) And (3) cotyledon period management: removing the film after seedlings germinate, carrying out shading management under a shading shed with shading rate of 90% under natural illumination of 2000-4000 lux, watering twice a day, and keeping the culture medium moist (the humidity is controlled to be 40-70%);
(3) and (3) true leaf stage management: after the true leaves grow out, moving the leaves to a natural illumination environment with illumination intensity of 4000-; before dormancy, water is poured, and fallen leaves are covered for moisture preservation.
(4) Managing in the next year: the illumination intensity is improved to be 30000-50000 lux natural illumination environment, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium full-proportion water soluble fertilizer (2000 times of diluent) is applied once per week, and watering is carried out on the basis of dry and wet conditions.
Comparative example 5
The seeding and cultivating medium for clematis acerba is the same as that in example 1.
The method for propagating the acer leaf clematis seeds comprises the following steps:
(1) sowing: after the cultivation substrate is matched with soil, the matched soil is disinfected by 500 times of carbendazim solution. Placing the seed of Clematis Filiformis Linn under the covering layer with tweezers, planting the surface of the root layer, watering, covering with film, keeping moisture, and placing under 90% shading rate shade shed under 2000-4000 lux natural light for 9-14 days to germinate.
(2) And (3) cotyledon period management: removing the film after seedlings germinate, carrying out shading management under a shading shed with shading rate of 90% under natural illumination of 2000-4000 lux, watering twice a day, and keeping the culture medium moist (humidity is more than 40%);
(3) and (3) true leaf stage management: after the true leaves grow out, moving to a natural illumination environment with illumination intensity of 4000-; before dormancy, water is poured, and fallen leaves are covered for moisture preservation.
(4) Managing in the next year: the illumination intensity is improved to be 30000-50000 lux natural illumination environment, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium full-proportion water soluble fertilizer (8000 times of diluent) is applied once per week, and watering is carried out on the basis of dry and wet conditions.
Effect example 1
Statistics were made on the cultivation results of the above example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 5, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
The data in the table show that the seeding matrix of the invention is in accordance with the growth requirements of the clematis aethiopica, and the scientific temperature, humidity and illumination conditions are matched, so that the germination rate, the survival rate and the flowering rate of the seeds are obviously improved, and the seeds can overwinter in open fields in Beijing and the south of Hebei. In a wild environment, the clematis acer can naturally generate a large number of seeds, but the wild naturally-germinated seedlings are few, the seedlings grow very slowly after germination, only one pair of true leaves can grow in the first year at most, the growth amount of the seedlings in the next years is mostly one to two pairs of true leaves, and the seedlings can bloom after 5 to 8 years. In the research, the growth speed of the cultivation medium can be accelerated by manually sowing and screening the suitable cultivation medium, the growth amount of 8-15 true leaves can be reached in the first year, the plant specification is comparable to that of a wild individual for 4-5 years, the flowering time is shortened, a seedling flowers a little in the next spring after sowing, and the flowering time is shortened by at least 4 years compared with that of the wild individual.
The research can provide important reference for the development and utilization of the acer mono-eleutherine, simultaneously provides a proper method for the allopatric protection of the endangered plant acer mono-eleutherine, and the propagated seedlings can also provide help for the subsequent reconstruction of acer mono-eleutherine population.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. The method for propagating the clematis acer maxim seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) sowing: sowing the acer mono bunge seeds in a culture medium, watering thoroughly, covering a film for moisturizing, shading and accelerating germination;
(2) and (3) cotyledon period management: removing the film after the seedlings germinate, shading and managing, watering twice a day, and keeping the culture medium moist;
(3) and (3) true leaf stage management: after the true leaves grow out, moving to a natural illumination environment with illumination intensity of 4000-;
(4) managing in the next year: in the natural illumination environment with the illumination intensity increased to 30000-50000 lux in the next year, applying the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium full-proportion water-soluble fertilizer once per week, and watering on the principle of dry and wet.
2. The method for propagating clematis maple seeds of claim 1, wherein said culture medium comprises, from bottom to top, a basal layer, a root layer and a cover layer;
the bedrock layer consists of limestone, perlite and pumice with the volume ratio of 2:1: 1;
the root planting layer consists of coconut chaff, perlite, pumice and ultramarine fertilizer 318s in a volume ratio of 56:28:28: 1;
the overburden is composed of limestone chips;
the thickness of the culture substrate is 10-20cm, and the thickness ratio of the basement layer, the root planting layer and the covering layer is 90:5: 5.
3. The method for propagating clematis maple seeds of claim 1 or 2, wherein said shading in steps (1) and (2) is 90%.
4. The method for propagating clematis maple seeds of claim 3, wherein the illumination intensity in steps (1) and (2) is 2000-4000 lux natural illumination.
5. The method for propagating clematis maple seeds of claim 1 or 2, wherein the soil moisture in steps (1) and (2) is greater than 40%.
6. The method for propagating clematis maple seeds according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium ratio of the nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium full-ratio water soluble fertilizer in step (3) is 1:1:1: 1.
7. The method for propagating the seeds of clematis maple according to claim 6, wherein the dilution multiple of the nitrogen phosphorus potassium full-proportion water soluble fertilizer in step (3) is 8000 times of the initial dilution, and 4000 times of the initial dilution after 4 true leaves grow;
and (4) diluting the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium full-proportion water-soluble fertilizer by 2000 times.
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