CN105493952A - Greenhouse psammophyte culture medium - Google Patents
Greenhouse psammophyte culture medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN105493952A CN105493952A CN201610078478.5A CN201610078478A CN105493952A CN 105493952 A CN105493952 A CN 105493952A CN 201610078478 A CN201610078478 A CN 201610078478A CN 105493952 A CN105493952 A CN 105493952A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The invention discloses a greenhouse psammophyte culture medium. Four different matrix layers, namely a base layer, an original soil layer, a nutritive layer and a covering layer, are sequentially paved from bottom to top, wherein the base layer is one or a mixture of more than one of quartz, feldspar, mica, kaolinite, limestone and granite, the thickness of the base layer is 30-80cm, and particle size is 1-5cm; the original soil layer is obtained by mixing chestnut soil, gray desert soil and desert sandy soil in volume ratio of (1-2):10:(1-3), and the thickness of the original soil layer is 20-60cm; the nutritive layer is a mixture of organic matters, inorganic minerals, inorganic fertilizer, microelement fertilizer and microbial fertilizer, and the thickness of the nutritive layer is 20-100cm; and the covering layer is formed by vermiculite and/or volcanic rock, and the thickness of the covering layer is 5-10cm. The greenhouse psammophyte culture medium is easy to produce and low in cost and can obviously improve the transplanting survival rate of greenhouse landscape psammophytes when applied to cultivation of the greenhouse landscape psammophytes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of horticultural cultivation.More particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix.
Background technology
Along with the national economic development, develop rapidly with the various view greenhouses that modernization glass greenhouse is carrier.View greenhouse be one by manually building environment controllable, meeting plant growth independently landscape, for collecting the plant of growth in different geographical, weather conditions and living environment thereof, the form, group, habitat, culture, economic use etc. of overview display plant realize the plant cultivation facility that plant moves ground child care, Popular Science Education, amusement and travel function.
View greenhouse centralized collection child care plant representative all over the world, illustrate abundant bio-diversity and Characteristic landscape thereof, wherein psammophytes is with its peculiar profile, abundant kind with coerce habitat characteristics etc., becomes the important content that view hothouse plants are shown.
Desert, the world is mainly distributed in Africa, Asia, Australia and America, the geographical position residing for each state, weather conditions difference, and forming process, the sand ground view in its each desert are different.In view greenhouse, desert plant divides according to the floristic region in desert, the world usually, be divided into African floristic region, floristic region, Asia, floristic region, America and floristic region, Australia, the wherein abundant species of Africa and floristic region, America, profile distinct characteristics, landscape effect is with the obvious advantage, and the main group's plant community being used at present transplanting in view greenhouse is Cactaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Bombacaceae, Agavaceae and liliaceous plant.
At present, at home in most view greenhouse, rarer cultivation matrix simulates its matrix area, primary border view, and be directly used in cultivation mainly with Mixed nutrient medium greatly, but this Mixed nutrient medium is lower for its survival rate of psammophytes transplanting cultivation, and the Mixed nutrient medium cost of the fertilizer type of full preparation is higher, in order to psammophytes can be met in indoor growing demand, promote that husky raw plant is sturdy, represent former climate habitat zene view better, the present invention, according to the habit of growth of psammophytes, researches and develops a kind of greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the problems referred to above, and the advantage will illustrated at least is below provided.
A further object of the invention is to provide a kind of greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, by setting up the cultivation matrix that four layers of layering are arranged to the simulation of husky dried rhizome of rehmannia band soil characteristics, introduce chestnut soil, grey desert soil and desert sandy soil make original soil layer, to improve the microenvironment of psammophytes soil, promote plant root respiration, be convenient to root system of plant and absorb nutriment, hothouse plants cultivation matrix of the present invention is easy to produce, cost is lower, be applied to cultivation greenhouse view psammophytes and can significantly improve its transplanting survival rate, be convenient to realize promoting while representing the former climate habitat zene view of psammophytes.
A further object of the invention is smoked process by the composite soil be mixed to get dirt and desert sandy soil and is prepared the original soil layer of cultivation matrix, can significantly improve the survival rate of greenhouse psammophytes and shorten it and survive curing time, improve transplanting efficiency.
A further object of the invention there is provided a kind of infusion set, by pre-buried infusion set, the regular nutritive layer to cultivation matrix and original soil layer carry out nutrient respectively, cultivation matrix is safeguarded, promote that psammophytes transplants growing up strong and sturdy, so that the Shape correction to greenhouse psammophytes of later stage.
In order to realize, according to these objects of the present invention and other advantage, providing a kind of greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, the matrix that laying four layers is different successively from bottom to up, specifically comprises:
Basal layer, it is the mixture of one or more combination in quartz, feldspar, mica, kaolinite, limestone and granite, and the thickness of described basal layer is 30-80cm, and particle size is 1-5cm;
Original soil layer, it is by chestnut soil, grey desert soil and desert sandy soil by volume for 1-2:10:1-3 mixes obtained, and described former the thickness of the layer is 20-60cm;
Nutritive layer, it is the mixture of organic matter, inorganic mineral, inorganic fertilizer, micro-fertilizer and microbial-bacterial fertilizer, and the thickness of described nutritive layer is 20-100cm; And
Cover layer, it is vermiculite and/or volcanic rock composition, and described tectal thickness is 5-10cm.
Preferably, described greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, the thickness of described basal layer is 40-80cm, and described former the thickness of the layer is 40-60cm, and the thickness of described nutritive layer is 50-100cm.
Preferably, described greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, the thickness of described basal layer is 30-50cm, and described former the thickness of the layer is 20-40cm, and the thickness of described nutritive layer is 20-50cm.
Preferably, described greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, described nutritive layer is made up of 30-40 weight portion organic matter, 50-80 parts by weight of inorganic mineral matter, 5-10 parts by weight of inorganic fertilizer, the micro-fertilizer of 0.5-1.5 weight portion and 1-5 weight portion microbial-bacterial fertilizer, and the pH adjusting described nutritive layer is 6.5-7; Wherein,
Described organic matter is made up of for 1-3:1:8-10:8-10:3-5 mixes by volume wormcast, colza cake, leaf mould, peat soil and bone meal;
Described inorganic mineral by vermiculite, perlite, haydite and cinder according to volume ratio be 1:1-5:2-4:2-5 mix form;
Described inorganic fertilizer by potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and potassium sulfate according to mass ratio be 1:1-2:0.5-1:0.5-1 mix form;
Described micro-fertilizer by ferrous sulfate, manganese sulphate, zinc sulphate, copper chloride, ammonium molybdate and Boratex according to mass ratio be 1:0.5-2:0.5-2:0.5-2:0.5-2:0.1-0.5 mix form;
After described microbial-bacterial fertilizer is mixed by 1-2 weight portion compound probiotic, 45-65 weight portion probio nutrients, 15-25 weight portion vitamin h, 10-30 weight portion inositol and 10-15 weight parts water, within at being placed in 28-35 DEG C sealed fermenting 10-15 days, obtain, described probio nutrients is potato leaching powder or Fructus Hordei Germinatus leaching powder.
Preferably, described greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, described compound probiotic is azotobacter, photosynthetic bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, saccharomycete and AM fungi are 1:1:2:2:3-5:1 composition according to mass ratio.
Preferably, described greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, described original soil layer is that chestnut soil, grey desert soil and desert sandy soil are by volume for 1-2:10:1-3 is mixed to get composite soil, then obtain through smoking process, described in smoke process and be specially: composite soil is placed in airtight environment and smokes 2-3h, before smoking, first the smoked bed of material is placed in soak and soaks 36h, then be placed on heating plate by the smoked bed of material after immersion, then composite soil is laid on smoked bed of material top, controls the temperature 135-150 DEG C of heating plate;
Wherein, the smoked bed of material before immersion forms by smoking the cotton of expecting core and being wrapped in its outside, described smoked material core is that 10:15:5:1 forms by the root of horsetail beefwood, stem, leaf and hydroscopic high-molecular resin according to mass ratio, and described soak is bamboo vinegar, pyroligneous liquor and water is that 1:4:100 makes according to mass ratio.
Preferably, described greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, when described greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix is laid, preset an infusion set to nutritive layer and original soil layer extra-nutrition material at interval of 1-2m, described infusion set comprises:
Outer tube body, it is the hollow cylindrical structure of upper and lower opening, and the lower end that its length is set to described outer tube body is inserted in described nutritive layer, and described cover layer is extended in its upper end;
Interior tube body, it is the hollow cylindrical structure of upper and lower opening, the internal diameter of described interior tube body is less than the internal diameter of described outer tube body, and the inwall of the inside and outer tube body that are sheathed on described outer tube body forms hollow sandwich, the upper end of described interior tube body is flushed with the upper end of described outer tube body and is welded by ring segment, described ring segment is provided with the first opening, it is communicated with hollow sandwich with outside, the upper end of described interior tube body and ft connection form the second opening, the lower end that the length of described interior tube body is set to described interior tube body is extended the lower end of described outer tube body and is inserted in described original soil layer,
Wherein, the how raw cultivation matrix in described greenhouse applies nutritive layer nutrient solution in nutritive layer by the first opening, applies original soil layer nutrient solution in original soil layer by the second opening.
Preferably, described greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, described ring segment is provided with hinged first lid of the first opening part to open or to close described first opening, and inside described ring segment, hinged second lid is to open or to close described second opening.
The present invention at least comprises following beneficial effect:
1) greenhouse of the present invention psammophytes cultivation matrix, may be used for the greenhouse belonging to a category setting up greenhouse psammophytes view, may be used for the Cactaceae hylocereus genus of cultivation America psammophytes, Opuntia, giant's post genus, the imperial genus of skyscraping post genus, greatly phoenix, always pleasure genus, pipe style genus and Agavaceae Agave etc., specifically have hylocereus, schlumbergera, Opuntia ficus, singly sting circular fan, Ju Renzhu, Wu Lunzhu, the comb post of natives, great Feng Long, bravely phoenix post, old happy post, blowing snow post, fox-brush american agave etc.; Also may be used for the Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia, composite family Senecio, Didiereaceae, Portulacaceae etc. of cultivating African psammophytes, specifically there is the brightness at spring peak, Supreme Being is bright and beautiful, it is imperial and Sapporo Shu Jin, sub-dragon wood, spekboom etc., also may be used for the Sterculiaceae bottle Pterostyrax, Bombacaceae baobab Pterostyrax etc. of cultivating Australia psammophytes, specifically have the dry tree of Queensland's bottle and Australia baobab etc., applicability is extremely wide;
2) the present invention is by setting up the cultivation matrix of four layers of layerings setting to the simulation of husky dried rhizome of rehmannia band soil characteristics, introduce the original soil layer of dirt and the making of desert sandy soil, to improve the microenvironment of psammophytes soil, promote plant root respiration, be convenient to root system of plant and absorb nutriment, hothouse plants cultivation matrix of the present invention is easy to produce, cost is lower, be applied to cultivation greenhouse view psammophytes and can significantly improve its transplanting survival rate, be convenient to realize promoting while representing the former climate habitat zene view of psammophytes, the wherein matrix of basal layer of the present invention and cover layer mainly stone matter, cover layer is mainly with attractive in appearance, stop that the matrix of original soil layer and nutritive layer that the impulsive force brought because watering causes being positioned at its underpart runs off for Main Function, basal layer is made up of rubble and is positioned at the bottom, mainly in order to increase soil lower air, increase porosity, be beneficial to root system of plant respiration, prevent rotten, there is draining simultaneously and every salt action, nutritive layer and original soil layer are the Major Nutrient source of the raw plant growth of indoor sand, original soil layer is below nutritive layer, mainly because have psammophytes symbiotic microorganism in original soil layer, psammophytes root growth can be promoted,
3) four different hypothalluses of the present invention, wherein survive the best with Australia psammophytes, when the thickness of described basal layer is 40-80cm, described former the thickness of the layer is 40-60cm, and when the thickness of described nutritive layer is 50-100cm, surviving of America psammophytes has obvious enhancing with upgrowth situation; When the thickness of described basal layer is 30-50cm, described former the thickness of the layer is 20-40cm, and the thickness of described nutritive layer is 20-50cm, and surviving of African psammophytes has obvious enhancing with upgrowth situation; This is because the psammophytes build of zones of different has some differences, for the psammophytes of America, plant type is higher, root system is longer, need thicker nutritive layer and original soil layer to plant, and for African psammophytes, its plant type is mostly less, root system is shorter, and hypothallus thickness is thinner relative to America psammophytes;
4) pass through chestnut soil, grey desert soil and the mixed composite soil of desert sandy soil smoke the original soil layer that process prepares cultivation matrix, significantly can increase greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix to the applicability of different greenhouses psammophytes, improve the survival rate of greenhouse psammophytes and shorten it and survive curing time, improve transplanting efficiency, wherein, smoked material core is after bamboo vinegar and pyroligneous liquor soak, the soil property of original soil layer can be improved, prevent some soil-borne disease insect pests, weed growth can also be reduced, promote psammophytes growth, simultaneously, root, stem and leaf containing horsetail beefwood in smoked material core, it is heating after soaking, some allelochemicals can be discharged, improve soil property, promote the transplant survival of waiting to transplant plant.
Part is embodied by explanation below by other advantage of the present invention, target and feature, part also will by research and practice of the present invention by those skilled in the art is understood.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, can implement according to this with reference to specification word to make those skilled in the art.
It should be noted that experimental technique described in following embodiment if no special instructions, is conventional method, described reagent and material, if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, the matrix that laying four layers is different successively from bottom to up, specifically comprises:
Basal layer, it is the mixture of quartz, feldspar and granitoid assemblages, and the thickness of described basal layer is 30cm, and particle size is 1-5cm;
Original soil layer, it is by chestnut soil, grey desert soil and desert sandy soil by volume for 1:10:1 mixes obtained, and described former the thickness of the layer is 20cm;
Nutritive layer, it is the mixture of organic matter, inorganic mineral, inorganic fertilizer, micro-fertilizer and microbial-bacterial fertilizer, and the thickness of described nutritive layer is 20cm; And
Cover layer, it is vermiculite composition, and described tectal thickness is 5cm.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, the matrix that laying four layers is different successively from bottom to up, specifically comprises:
Basal layer, it is the mixture of kaolinite, limestone and granitoid assemblages, and the thickness of described basal layer is 55cm, and particle size is 1-5cm;
Original soil layer, it is by chestnut soil, grey desert soil and desert sandy soil by volume for 1:10:2 mixes obtained, and described former the thickness of the layer is 40cm;
Nutritive layer, it is the mixture of organic matter, inorganic mineral, inorganic fertilizer, micro-fertilizer and microbial-bacterial fertilizer, and the thickness of described nutritive layer is 60cm; And
Cover layer, it is vermiculite and volcanic rock composition, and described tectal thickness is 7cm.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, the matrix that laying four layers is different successively from bottom to up, specifically comprises:
Basal layer, it is the mixture of quartz, mica, limestone and granitoid assemblages, and the thickness of described basal layer is 80cm, and particle size is 1-5cm;
Original soil layer, it is by chestnut soil, grey desert soil and desert sandy soil by volume for 2:10:3 mixes obtained, and described former the thickness of the layer is 60cm;
Nutritive layer, it is the mixture of organic matter, inorganic mineral, inorganic fertilizer, micro-fertilizer and microbial-bacterial fertilizer, and the thickness of described nutritive layer is 100cm; And
Cover layer, it is volcanic rock composition, and described tectal thickness is 10cm.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, the matrix that laying four layers is different successively from bottom to up, specifically comprises:
Basal layer, it is the mixture of feldspar, limestone and granitoid assemblages, and the thickness of described basal layer is 40cm, and particle size is 1-5cm;
Original soil layer, it is by chestnut soil, grey desert soil and desert sandy soil by volume for 2:10:1 mixes obtained, and described former the thickness of the layer is 40cm;
Nutritive layer, it is the mixture of organic matter, inorganic mineral, inorganic fertilizer, micro-fertilizer and microbial-bacterial fertilizer, and the thickness of described nutritive layer is 50cm; And
Cover layer, it is vermiculite and volcanic rock composition, and described tectal thickness is 5cm.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, the matrix that laying four layers is different successively from bottom to up, specifically comprises:
Basal layer, it is the mixture of mica, kaolinite and limestone combination, and the thickness of described basal layer is 60cm, and particle size is 1-5cm;
Original soil layer, it is by chestnut soil, grey desert soil and desert sandy soil by volume for 1:10:3 mixes obtained, and described former the thickness of the layer is 50cm;
Nutritive layer, it is the mixture of organic matter, inorganic mineral, inorganic fertilizer, micro-fertilizer and microbial-bacterial fertilizer, and the thickness of described nutritive layer is 75cm; And
Cover layer, it is vermiculite composition, and described tectal thickness is 8cm.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, the matrix that laying four layers is different successively from bottom to up, specifically comprises:
Basal layer, it is the mixture of quartz, feldspar and limestone combination, and the thickness of described basal layer is 80cm, and particle size is 1-5cm;
Original soil layer, it is by chestnut soil, grey desert soil and desert sandy soil by volume for 2:10:2 mixes obtained, and described former the thickness of the layer is 60cm;
Nutritive layer, it is the mixture of organic matter, inorganic mineral, inorganic fertilizer, micro-fertilizer and microbial-bacterial fertilizer, and the thickness of described nutritive layer is 100cm; And
Cover layer, it is vermiculite and volcanic rock composition, and described tectal thickness is 10cm.
Embodiment 7:
A kind of greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, the matrix that laying four layers is different successively from bottom to up, specifically comprises:
Basal layer, it is the mixture of quartz, mica and kaolinite combination, and the thickness of described basal layer is 30cm, and particle size is 1-5cm;
Original soil layer, it is by chestnut soil, grey desert soil and desert sandy soil by volume for 2:10:1 mixes obtained, and described former the thickness of the layer is 20cm;
Nutritive layer, it is the mixture of organic matter, inorganic mineral, inorganic fertilizer, micro-fertilizer and microbial-bacterial fertilizer, and the thickness of described nutritive layer is 20cm; And
Cover layer, it is vermiculite and volcanic rock composition, and described tectal thickness is 7cm.
Embodiment 8:
A kind of greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, the matrix that laying four layers is different successively from bottom to up, specifically comprises:
Basal layer, it is the mixture of feldspar, mica, limestone and granitoid assemblages, and the thickness of described basal layer is 40cm, and particle size is 1-5cm;
Original soil layer, it is by chestnut soil, grey desert soil and desert sandy soil by volume for 1:10:2 mixes obtained, and described former the thickness of the layer is 30cm;
Nutritive layer, it is the mixture of organic matter, inorganic mineral, inorganic fertilizer, micro-fertilizer and microbial-bacterial fertilizer, and the thickness of described nutritive layer is 35cm; And
Cover layer, it is vermiculite composition, and described tectal thickness is 5cm.
Embodiment 9:
A kind of greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, the matrix that laying four layers is different successively from bottom to up, specifically comprises:
Basal layer, it is the mixture of quartz, kaolinite, limestone and granitoid assemblages, and the thickness of described basal layer is 50cm, and particle size is 1-5cm;
Original soil layer, it is by chestnut soil, grey desert soil and desert sandy soil by volume for 2:10:3 mixes obtained, and described former the thickness of the layer is 40cm;
Nutritive layer, it is the mixture of organic matter, inorganic mineral, inorganic fertilizer, micro-fertilizer and microbial-bacterial fertilizer, and the thickness of described nutritive layer is 50cm; And
Cover layer, it is volcanic rock composition, and described tectal thickness is 10cm.
Embodiment 10:
On the basis of embodiment 2, described greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, described nutritive layer is made up of 30 weight portion organic matters, 50 parts by weight of inorganic mineral matters, 5 parts by weight of inorganic fertilizer, the micro-fertilizer of 0.5 weight portion and weight portion microbial-bacterial fertilizer, and the pH adjusting described nutritive layer is 6.5-7; Wherein,
Described organic matter is made up of for 1:1:8:8:3 mixes by volume wormcast, colza cake, leaf mould, peat soil and bone meal;
Described inorganic mineral by vermiculite, perlite, haydite and cinder according to volume ratio be 1:1:2:2 mix form;
Described inorganic fertilizer by potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and potassium sulfate according to mass ratio be 1:1:0.5:0.5 mix form;
Described micro-fertilizer by ferrous sulfate, manganese sulphate, zinc sulphate, copper chloride, ammonium molybdate and Boratex according to mass ratio be 1:0.5:0.5:0.5:0.5:0.1 mix form;
After described microbial-bacterial fertilizer is mixed by 1 weight portion compound probiotic, 45 weight portion probio nutrients, 15 weight portion vitamin hs, 10 weight portion inositols and 10 weight parts waters, at being placed in 28 DEG C, sealed fermenting obtains for 10 days, and described probio nutrients is potato leaching powder.
Described compound probiotic is azotobacter, photosynthetic bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, saccharomycete and AM fungi are 1:1:2:2:3:1 composition according to mass ratio.
Embodiment 11:
On the basis of embodiment 5, described greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, described nutritive layer is made up of 35 weight portion organic matters, 65 parts by weight of inorganic mineral matters, 8 parts by weight of inorganic fertilizer, the micro-fertilizer of 1.0 weight portion and 3 weight portion microbial-bacterial fertilizers, and the pH adjusting described nutritive layer is 6.5-7; Wherein,
Described organic matter is made up of for 2:1:9:9:4 mixes by volume wormcast, colza cake, leaf mould, peat soil and bone meal;
Described inorganic mineral by vermiculite, perlite, haydite and cinder according to volume ratio be 1:3:3:4 mix form;
Described inorganic fertilizer by potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and potassium sulfate according to mass ratio be 1:1.5:0.75:0.75 mix form;
Described micro-fertilizer by ferrous sulfate, manganese sulphate, zinc sulphate, copper chloride, ammonium molybdate and Boratex according to mass ratio be 1:1:1:1:1:0.3 mix form;
After described microbial-bacterial fertilizer is mixed by 1.5 weight portion compound probiotics, 50 weight portion probio nutrients, 20 weight portion vitamin hs, 20 weight portion inositols and 13 weight parts waters, at being placed in 31 DEG C, sealed fermenting obtains for 13 days, and described probio nutrients is potato leaching powder.
Described compound probiotic is azotobacter, photosynthetic bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, saccharomycete and AM fungi are 1:1:2:2:4:1 composition according to mass ratio.
Embodiment 12:
On the basis of embodiment 8, described greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, described nutritive layer is made up of 40 weight portion organic matters, 80 parts by weight of inorganic mineral matters, 10 parts by weight of inorganic fertilizer, the micro-fertilizer of 1.5 weight portion and 5 weight portion microbial-bacterial fertilizers, and the pH adjusting described nutritive layer is 6.5-7; Wherein,
Described organic matter is made up of for 3:1:10:10:5 mixes by volume wormcast, colza cake, leaf mould, peat soil and bone meal;
Described inorganic mineral by vermiculite, perlite, haydite and cinder according to volume ratio be 1:5:4:5 mix form;
Described inorganic fertilizer by potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and potassium sulfate according to mass ratio be 1:2:1:1 mix form;
Described micro-fertilizer by ferrous sulfate, manganese sulphate, zinc sulphate, copper chloride, ammonium molybdate and Boratex according to mass ratio be 1:2:2:2:2:0.5 mix form;
After described microbial-bacterial fertilizer is mixed by 2 weight portion compound probiotics, 65 weight portion probio nutrients, 25 weight portion vitamin hs, 30 weight portion inositols and 15 weight parts waters, at being placed in 35 DEG C, sealed fermenting obtains for 15 days, and described probio nutrients is Fructus Hordei Germinatus leaching powder.
Described compound probiotic is azotobacter, photosynthetic bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, saccharomycete and AM fungi are 1:1:2:2:5:1 composition according to mass ratio.
Embodiment 13:
On the basis of embodiment 10, described greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, the raw material preparing described original soil layer is mixed to get composite soil by the proportioning of embodiment 10, then obtain through smoking process, described in smoke process and be specially: composite soil is placed in airtight environment and smokes 2h, before smoking, first the smoked bed of material is placed in soak and soaks 36h, then be placed on heating plate by the smoked bed of material after immersion, then composite soil is laid on smoked bed of material top, controls the temperature 135 DEG C of heating plate;
Wherein, the smoked bed of material before immersion forms by smoking the cotton of expecting core and being wrapped in its outside, described smoked material core is that 10:15:5:1 forms by the root of horsetail beefwood, stem, leaf and hydroscopic high-molecular resin according to mass ratio, and described soak is bamboo vinegar, pyroligneous liquor and water is that 1:4:100 makes according to mass ratio.
Embodiment 14:
On the basis of embodiment 11, described greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, the raw material preparing described original soil layer is mixed to get composite soil by the proportioning of embodiment 11 and is mixed to get composite soil, then obtain through smoking process, described in smoke process and be specially: composite soil is placed in airtight environment and smokes 2.5h, before smoking, first the smoked bed of material is placed in soak and soaks 36h, then be placed on heating plate by the smoked bed of material after immersion, then composite soil is laid on smoked bed of material top, controls the temperature 142 DEG C of heating plate;
Wherein, the smoked bed of material before immersion forms by smoking the cotton of expecting core and being wrapped in its outside, described smoked material core is that 10:15:5:1 forms by the root of horsetail beefwood, stem, leaf and hydroscopic high-molecular resin according to mass ratio, and described soak is bamboo vinegar, pyroligneous liquor and water is that 1:4:100 makes according to mass ratio.
Embodiment 15:
On the basis of embodiment 12, described greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, the raw material preparing described original soil layer is mixed to get composite soil by the proportioning of embodiment 12 and is mixed to get composite soil, then obtain through smoking process, described in smoke process and be specially: composite soil is placed in airtight environment and smokes 3h, before smoking, first the smoked bed of material is placed in soak and soaks 36h, then be placed on heating plate by the smoked bed of material after immersion, then composite soil is laid on smoked bed of material top, controls the temperature 150 DEG C of heating plate;
Wherein, the smoked bed of material before immersion forms by smoking the cotton of expecting core and being wrapped in its outside, described smoked material core is that 10:15:5:1 forms by the root of horsetail beefwood, stem, leaf and hydroscopic high-molecular resin according to mass ratio, and described soak is bamboo vinegar, pyroligneous liquor and water is that 1:4:100 makes according to mass ratio.
Embodiment 16:
On the basis of embodiment 13, described greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, when described greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix is laid, preset an infusion set to nutritive layer and original soil layer extra-nutrition material at interval of 1-2m, described infusion set comprises:
Outer tube body, it is the hollow cylindrical structure of upper and lower opening, and the lower end that its length is set to described outer tube body is inserted in described nutritive layer, and described cover layer is extended in its upper end;
Interior tube body, it is the hollow cylindrical structure of upper and lower opening, the internal diameter of described interior tube body is less than the internal diameter of described outer tube body, and the inwall of the inside and outer tube body that are sheathed on described outer tube body forms hollow sandwich, the upper end of described interior tube body is flushed with the upper end of described outer tube body and is welded by ring segment, described ring segment is provided with the first opening, it is communicated with hollow sandwich with outside, the upper end of described interior tube body and ft connection form the second opening, the lower end that the length of described interior tube body is set to described interior tube body is extended the lower end of described outer tube body and is inserted in described original soil layer,
Wherein, the how raw cultivation matrix in described greenhouse applies nutritive layer nutrient solution in nutritive layer by the first opening, applies original soil layer nutrient solution in original soil layer by the second opening.
Wherein, described ring segment is provided with hinged first lid of the first opening part to open or to close described first opening, and inside described ring segment, hinged second lid is to open or to close described second opening.
Infusion set of the present invention, nutriment can be carried respectively for original soil layer and nutritive layer, so that safeguard cultivation matrix, thus promote the growth of plant, mainly contain the elements such as chelated iron, ferrous sulfate, ammonium molybdate, manganese sulphate, zinc sulphate, copper chloride in nutritive layer nutrient solution here and supplement; Mainly contain the elements such as urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate in original soil layer nutrient solution to supplement, contained by original soil layer and nutritive layer, nutrient component is different, need supplement the trace element needed for plant growth and macroelement respectively.
The cultivation matrix that the present inventor prepares according to the method for embodiment 1-3, for cultivating Australia psammophytes (Queensland's bottle dry tree and Australia baobab), America psammophytes (schlumbergera, great Feng Long, brave phoenix post), Africa (Supreme Being's brocade, Sapporo Shu Jin, sub-imperial wooden) survival rate are all higher; According to cultivation matrix prepared by the method for embodiment 4-6, for cultivating the plant cultivation of America (schlumbergera, great Feng Long, brave phoenix post), survival rate is relatively higher, and growing way is good, stem growth rate is large; According to cultivation matrix prepared by the method for embodiment 7-9, for cultivating the plant cultivation of African psammophytes (Supreme Being's brocade, Sapporo Shu Jin, sub-dragon wood), survival rate is relatively higher, and growing way is good, the transplant survival time is shorter.
In order to beneficial effect of the present invention is described, the present inventor adopts the cultivation matrix of embodiment 10, embodiment 13 and blank group to cultivate for the dry tree (Australia psammophytes) of Australia Queensland bottle, maintenance process is identical, and just cultivation matrix is different; Adopt the matrix of embodiment 11, embodiment 14 and blank group to cultivate for large phoenix dragon (America psammophytes) again, maintenance process is identical, and just cultivation matrix is different; Adopt the matrix of embodiment 12, embodiment 15 and blank group to cultivate for sub-dragon wood (African psammophytes) again, maintenance process is identical, and just cultivation matrix is different; Carrying out 3 Plants adopts 3 groups of cultivation matrixes to carry out cultivation observation respectively, and show that the growth indexes of cultivated above-mentioned plant is respectively in Table 1-3, and experimental period is on August 20 ,-2015 years on the 20th August in 2014.The matrix of blank group mentioned here is commercially available hybrid matrix, and it is the mixture of leaf mould, turfy soil, pine needle, dead leaf.
The different cultivation matrix of table 1 does the impact of tree growth indexes to Australia Queensland bottle
The different cultivation matrix of table 2 is on the impact of large phoenix dragon growth indexes
The different cultivation matrix of table 3 is on the impact of the imperial wooden growth indexes in Asia
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in specification and embodiment utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the embodiment described.
Claims (8)
1. a greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix, is characterized in that, the matrix that laying four layers is different successively from bottom to up, specifically comprises:
Basal layer, it is the mixture of one or more combination in quartz, feldspar, mica, kaolinite, limestone and granite, and the thickness of described basal layer is 30-80cm, and particle size is 1-5cm;
Original soil layer, it is by chestnut soil, grey desert soil and desert sandy soil by volume for 1-2:10:1-3 mixes obtained, and described former the thickness of the layer is 20-60cm;
Nutritive layer, it is the mixture of organic matter, inorganic mineral, inorganic fertilizer, micro-fertilizer and microbial-bacterial fertilizer, and the thickness of described nutritive layer is 20-100cm; And
Cover layer, it is vermiculite and/or volcanic rock composition, and described tectal thickness is 5-10cm.
2. greenhouse as claimed in claim 1 psammophytes cultivation matrix, it is characterized in that, the thickness of described basal layer is 40-80cm, and described former the thickness of the layer is 40-60cm, and the thickness of described nutritive layer is 50-100cm.
3. greenhouse as claimed in claim 1 psammophytes cultivation matrix, it is characterized in that, the thickness of described basal layer is 30-50cm, and described former the thickness of the layer is 20-40cm, and the thickness of described nutritive layer is 20-50cm.
4. greenhouse as claimed in claim 1 psammophytes cultivation matrix, it is characterized in that, described nutritive layer is made up of 30-40 weight portion organic matter, 50-80 parts by weight of inorganic mineral matter, 5-10 parts by weight of inorganic fertilizer, the micro-fertilizer of 0.5-1.5 weight portion and 1-5 weight portion microbial-bacterial fertilizer, and the pH adjusting described nutritive layer is 6.5-7; Wherein,
Described organic matter is made up of for 1-3:1:8-10:8-10:3-5 mixes by volume wormcast, colza cake, leaf mould, peat soil and bone meal;
Described inorganic mineral by vermiculite, perlite, haydite and cinder according to volume ratio be 1:1-5:2-4:2-5 mix form;
Described inorganic fertilizer by potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and potassium sulfate according to mass ratio be 1:1-2:0.5-1:0.5-1 mix form;
Described micro-fertilizer by ferrous sulfate, manganese sulphate, zinc sulphate, copper chloride, ammonium molybdate and Boratex according to mass ratio be 1:0.5-2:0.5-2:0.5-2:0.5-2:0.1-0.5 mix form;
After described microbial-bacterial fertilizer is mixed by 1-2 weight portion compound probiotic, 45-65 weight portion probio nutrients, 15-25 weight portion vitamin h, 10-30 weight portion inositol and 10-15 weight parts water, within at being placed in 28-35 DEG C sealed fermenting 10-15 days, obtain, described probio nutrients is potato leaching powder or Fructus Hordei Germinatus leaching powder.
5. greenhouse as claimed in claim 4 psammophytes cultivation matrix, is characterized in that, described compound probiotic is azotobacter, photosynthetic bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, saccharomycete and AM fungi be 1:1:2:2:3-5:1 composition according to mass ratio.
6. greenhouse as claimed in claim 1 psammophytes cultivation matrix, it is characterized in that, described original soil layer is that chestnut soil, grey desert soil and desert sandy soil are by volume for 1-2:10:1-3 is mixed to get composite soil, then obtain through smoking process, describedly smoke process and be specially: composite soil is placed in airtight environment and smokes 2-3h, before smoking, first the smoked bed of material is placed in soak and soaks 36h, then the smoked bed of material after immersion is placed on heating plate, then composite soil is laid on smoked bed of material top, controls the temperature 135-150 DEG C of heating plate;
Wherein, the smoked bed of material before immersion forms by smoking the cotton of expecting core and being wrapped in its outside, described smoked material core is that 10:15:5:1 forms by the root of horsetail beefwood, stem, leaf and hydroscopic high-molecular resin according to mass ratio, and described soak is bamboo vinegar, pyroligneous liquor and water is that 1:4:100 makes according to mass ratio.
7. greenhouse as claimed in claim 1 psammophytes cultivation matrix, is characterized in that, when described greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix is laid, preset an infusion set to nutritive layer and original soil layer extra-nutrition material at interval of 1-2m, described infusion set comprises:
Outer tube body, it is the hollow cylindrical structure of upper and lower opening, and the lower end that its length is set to described outer tube body is inserted in described nutritive layer, and described cover layer is extended in its upper end;
Interior tube body, it is the hollow cylindrical structure of upper and lower opening, the internal diameter of described interior tube body is less than the internal diameter of described outer tube body, and the inwall of the inside and outer tube body that are sheathed on described outer tube body forms hollow sandwich, the upper end of described interior tube body is flushed with the upper end of described outer tube body and is welded by ring segment, described ring segment is provided with the first opening, it is communicated with hollow sandwich with outside, the upper end of described interior tube body and ft connection form the second opening, the lower end that the length of described interior tube body is set to described interior tube body is extended the lower end of described outer tube body and is inserted in described original soil layer,
Wherein, the how raw cultivation matrix in described greenhouse applies nutritive layer nutrient solution in nutritive layer by the first opening, applies original soil layer nutrient solution in original soil layer by the second opening.
8. greenhouse as claimed in claim 7 psammophytes cultivation matrix, it is characterized in that, described ring segment is provided with hinged first lid of the first opening part to open or to close described first opening, and inside described ring segment, hinged second lid is to open or to close described second opening.
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