CN102976839B - Scindapsus aureus cultivation medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Scindapsus aureus cultivation medium and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102976839B CN102976839B CN201110258212.6A CN201110258212A CN102976839B CN 102976839 B CN102976839 B CN 102976839B CN 201110258212 A CN201110258212 A CN 201110258212A CN 102976839 B CN102976839 B CN 102976839B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a scindapsus aureus cultivation medium and a preparation method thereof. The scindapsus aureus cultivation medium is prepared by mixing landscape plant waste compost and auxiliary materials according to a certain volume ratio. The landscape plant waste compost is prepared by cutting, crushing, urea and water addition, turning and fermentation. The scindapsus aureus cultivation medium improves physicochemical properties of the original medium, adopts raw materials which have wide sources, are convenient for acquisition and have low prices, utilizes a landscape plant waste compost part to replace non-renewable peat massively used in flower production, improves ornamental plant quality, reduces a production cost, is beneficial for landscape waste utilization and environmental protection, and has good environmental ecological, economic and social benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof, relate in particular to a kind of epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix and preparation method.
Background technology
Epipremnum aureum can effectively absorb the obnoxious flavoures such as formaldehyde in air, benzene and trieline, for the stiff indoor green decorations that lines are active, color is lucid and lively that increased, is rich in life again, adds happy and harmonious temperament and interest to room.Epipremnum aureum is evergreen all the year round, stem jewelry, expensive clothing and other valuables, and prehensile is strong, aerial root prosperity, the ability of seeking connections with is strong, and leaf is ovum heart or ovum shape oblong, and blade face wax has many irregular yellow spottings or striped, is one of very good indoor decorative plant.
But a large amount of Nonrenewable resources such as peat that use in the time cultivating epipremnum aureum.Organic matter, content of humic acid in peat are high, and fibre content is abundant, and loose porous, ventilating permeable is good, and specific surface area is large, and absorption sequestering power is strong, has stronger ion-exchange capacity and salt balance controllability, is good cultivation matrix.But peat is Nonrenewable resources, it utilizes process is exactly the consumption process of peat resource.Excessively the rapid consumption that causes human survival, the resources of production is lost in exploitation.
Meanwhile, along with the fast development of conservation culture urban construction, urban landscaping is subject to people's attention day by day.But in the process of afforestation maintenance, management, all can produce a large amount of garden plant wastes, as dry branches and fallen leaves, turf-mown thing, street tree trimming thing, weed seed and plant residual flower etc.These garden plant wastes were regarded as municipal wastes in the past, and it processes the major way of disposing is landfill and burning, but the mode of landfill causes the waste of land resources; The mode of burning produces a large amount of obnoxious flavoures and flue dust, and polluted air, is detrimental to health.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, needs a large amount of Nonrenewable resources peat that uses for current cultivation ornamental plant, and the defects such as the not environmental protection of processing mode of garden plant waste simultaneously, provide a kind of epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix.
A kind of epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix, take garden plant waste compost as major ingredient, peat, coconut palm chaff, vermiculite, liver moss, ashes and perlite are auxiliary material, described garden plant waste compost volume is no less than 50% of cultivation matrix cumulative volume.
Auxiliary material described in epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention is peat and coconut palm chaff,
Or described auxiliary material is vermiculite and liver moss,
Or described auxiliary material is peat, coconut palm chaff and perlite,
Or described auxiliary material is peat, ashes and coconut palm chaff.
Garden plant waste compost described in epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention: peat: the volume ratio of coconut palm chaff is 5.5-6:2-3:1.5-2.5.
Garden plant waste compost described in epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention: vermiculite: the volume ratio of liver moss is 5-6:2.5-3:1-2.
Garden plant waste compost described in epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention: peat: coconut palm chaff: perlitic volume ratio is 5-6:1.5-3:1.5-2:0.5-1.
Garden plant waste compost described in epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention: peat: ashes: the volume ratio of coconut palm chaff is 5.5-6:1.5-2.5:1.5-2:1-1.5.
Epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention, preparation method comprises the steps:
1), prepare garden plant waste compost:
A1, by garden plant waste cutting, pulverize and obtain fibrous compost material;
A2, compost material is placed in to fermenter add wherein urea, adjusting carbon-nitrogen ratio is 20-25:1;
A3, add fast rotten microbial inoculum to fermenter, regulating the water ratio of compost material is 55-60% and pH value, it is mixed with stack turner turning;
A4, during the fermentation, according to the height of temperature every 3-6 days stack turner turning, suitably adds water, and makes water ratio remain on 55-60%;
A5, after fully becoming thoroughly decomposed, dry, pack for subsequent use;
2), preparation epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix:
Volume ratio according to garden plant waste compost mentioned above and auxiliary material takes, fully mixes and can obtain described epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix.
Garden plant waste described in epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention is at least one in dry branches and fallen leaves, turf-mown thing, street tree trimming thing, weed seed, plant residual flower.
Peat of the present invention refers to commercially available flower culture peat.
Coconut palm chaff of the present invention refers to the byproduct of coconut deep processing, has insulation, moisturizing, the characteristic such as loose, ventilative.
Ashes of the present invention refer to the rear remaining lime-ash of biomass fuel (being mainly vegetable material) burning.
Vermiculite of the present invention refers to a kind of natural, nontoxic mineral substance, dilatable mineral under high temperature action.
Liver moss of the present invention is a kind of small-sized green plants, simple in structure, only comprises stem and leaf two portions, sometimes only has flat thallus, there is no real root and vascular bundle.
Perlite of the present invention is a kind of to be heated to 1000 ℃ by grey volcanics (aluminosilicate), and rock particles expands and forms.As the advantage of matrix be easy to draining, be easy to ventilation, physics and chemistry character is more stable, water-retaining capacity is stronger.
Cultivation matrix of the present invention is applied to cuttage cultivation epipremnum aureum, in the process of epipremnum aureum growth, has investigated surviving rate, physical signs (bud length, root long pointer), the overall Oranoleptic indicator of epipremnum aureum.Compared with the conventional substrate of producing with the cuttage of current epipremnum aureum, the cultivation matrix of this invention can meet the requirement that epipremnum aureum cuttage is grown, and the epipremnum aureum that produces roots soon, surviving rate is high, strain shape is plentiful, blade face is dark green, glossy, color and luster is evenly distributed, blade face is cleaned, smooth; Analytical results proves that matrix of the present invention is applicable to cultivate epipremnum aureum.
Epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention utilizes garden plant waste compost to substitute part peat, has realized the recycling of garden plant waste.Auxiliary material comprises wide material sources, the cheap component such as coconut palm chaff, ashes.Described cultivation matrix physico-chemical property is good, and ventilative water-holding property is good, and fertilizer efficiency is long, is applicable to very much the cultivation of ornamental plant.
The present invention takes full advantage of garden plant waste, due to garden plant waste wide material sources, easy making process, the high temperature producing in the treating processes of compost can kill various pathogenic bacterias, worm's ovum and the grass-seed etc. in raw material, realize the harmless treatment of raw material, greatly reduce the use of epipremnum aureum cuttage cultivation process Pesticides, for of the present invention applying laid a good foundation.Along with the exploitation of the traditional cultivation matrix such as peat are restricted, cuttage cultivation by the matrix such as garden plant waste compost, ashes for ornamental plant, reduce to a great extent the use of peat, alleviate the excessively pressure of exploitation to ecotope of peat, reduced the production cost of ornamental plant.The present invention converts it into cultivation matrix by biofermentation technique, not only can realize the recycling of garden plant waste, effectively develop garden plant waste, reduce because of landfill and burn the problem of environmental pollution causing, also realized the Sustainable development of afforestation industry simultaneously, it is a kind of application technology as the second resource of ecotypic garden plant waste, there is good environmental benefit, Social benefit and economic benefit, in ornamental plant cultivation and production, especially in epipremnum aureum cultivation and production, have broad application prospects.
Embodiment
Following examples, only for the present invention that explains, should not be construed as and limit the scope of the invention.
One, the production of the garden plant waste compost of cultivation matrix of the present invention, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) garden plant waste is pulverized: garden plant waste is through centralized collection, chip and obtain the phytoclasts of about 5cm through drum chipper, pulverize and obtain the fibrous compost material that particle diameter is less than 2cm through vertical dry wet feed integrated crushing machine again, compost material is placed in to long 40m, wide 3.5m, the fermenter of high 1.0m, stacking height is 0.7-0.8m, is about 98-112m
3.
(2) component regulates: material per ton should add urea 5-6kg, regulate carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N), make it reach the C/N scope (being generally 20-25:1) of suitable microorganism growth, by urea, the microbial inoculum adding (is large magnificent enzymatic microorganism quick rotting agent, grown place is Huaian, Jiangsu, be mainly bacterium, actinomycetes and fungi, ) be placed in fermentation vat, after stirring, bacteria suspension is evenly sprinkled and watered on compost material, and carry out turning with stack turner, make itself and mixing of materials even, and to regulate its water ratio be 55-60%, the neutral meta-alkali of pH value, composting fermentation process is carried out smoothly.
(3) compost fermentation: in composting fermentation process, heap temperature rises, the 3rd day temperature of compost just reaches 55 ℃, along with the carrying out of composting process, temperature rises gradually, 70 ℃ of Gao Shikeda, and it is about 20 days that temperature remains on the more than 60 ℃ time length, be enough to kill the compost hazard-free such as various pathogenic bacterias, worm's ovum and grass-seed in raw material.Whole composting fermentation process temperature has experienced temperature raising period, pliotherm period and cooldown period three phases, need 45-55 days, between the pliotherm period, carried out a turning according to the height 3-6 of temperature days with stack turner, object is the oxygen content that ventilation and heat increases heap body simultaneously, avoid piling the local anaerobic environment of the inner generation of body, provide condition for compost maintains high temperature simultaneously.After-ripening phase temperature slowly drops to natural temperature; The water ratio of whole composting fermentation process reduces gradually, and will suitably moisturize during the fermentation, and it carries out smoothly at 55% left and right guarantee to make its water ratio, and the after-ripening stage does not moisturize, to guarantee composting production quality; Whole composting fermentation process pH value reduces gradually.
(4) physico-chemical property is measured: the garden plant waste compost after fully becoming thoroughly decomposed, without any peculiar smell, is chocolate, and compost physicochemical character is: unit weight 0.196g/cm
3, saturation moisture content 390%, pH value is 7.12, organic 53%, N1.67%, P0.59%, K1.78%.(" People's Republic of China's agricultural industry criteria organic fertilizer " NY525-2002 that measurement standard is published according to Chinese agriculture press for 2002)
Two, prepare correspondingly epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix according to the volume ratio of following every group of component.
Control group
The each component proportion of the first embodiment (volume ratio)
The each component proportion of the second embodiment (volume ratio)
The each component proportion of the third embodiment (volume ratio)
The 4th kind of each component proportion of embodiment (volume ratio)
The preparation of epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention, concrete steps are as follows:
Epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix take dose volume as 10L embodiment 10 is as example.
Measure the garden plant waste compost of 5L;
Measure the peat of 2L;
Measure the coconut palm chaff of 2L;
Measure the perlite (large particle diameter, rinsed dust through water, dried in ventilation) of 1L.
Above-mentioned component is mixed.
Three, the cuttage cultivation for epipremnum aureum by epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix
The preparation of cuttings: the branch of clip robust growth from maternal plant, each cuttings retains 1 bud point, and cuttings upper end and lower end all retain 2cm from bud.
The preparation of epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix: the epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix that embodiment 1～16 is prepared, for epipremnum aureum cuttage cultivation, is selected to produce simultaneously and produced upper usual cultivation matrix (8 peat: 2 perlites) as a control group.
Cuttage: totally 4 × 4 groups of substrate formula, every group of 5 × 4 basins, every basin cuttage 20 stem cutting fringes, the cuttage degree of depth is cuttings 2/3.After cuttage, water permeable.
Cultivate: under identical condition (daylight, room temperature, water, daily administration), cultivate the epipremnum aureum of cuttage.In culturing process, periodic sampling is observed and is measured its growth indexes.
Not applying fertilizer of whole viewing duration, garden plant waste compost can be epipremnum aureum growth nutrient is provided, and does not need to add other fertilizer.
Each, growing state was in Table 1-table 5 in period.
Long (cm) growing state of each bud in period of table 1 different treatment
Visible, it is fast that epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention can make epipremnum aureum bud occur, and blastogenesis is long fast.
The strain number (strain) of table 2 different treatment bud length in each more than 8cm in period
Visible, epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention can make epipremnum aureum blastogenesis long fast, and the long strain digital display work of the above bud of 8cm increases.
Long (cm) growing state of each root in period of table 3 different treatment
Visible, it is fast that epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention can make epipremnum aureum root occur, and root growth is fast.
The 50th day surviving rate (%) of table 4 different treatment
Visible, epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention can make the surviving rate of epipremnum aureum significantly improve.
The 50th day associative perception rank (%) of table 5 different treatment
Associative perception one-level: Leaf positional distribution is even, leaf color jade green is glossy, blade cleaning; Associative perception secondary: Leaf positional distribution is even, leaf color jade green, blade cleaning; Three grades of associative perceptions: Leaf positional distribution is inhomogeneous, leaf color jade green.(judgement criteria is according to agrotechnique standard " the potted plant foliage plants of flowers quality grade of evaluation standard the 3rd part ")
Visible, matrix of the present invention can significantly be improved the associative perception rank of epipremnum aureum.
The content (mg/g) of the different embodiment leaf chlorophylls of table 6
Visible, matrix of the present invention can obviously improve the content of epipremnum aureum blade Determination of Chlorophyll compared with conventional substrate.
To sum up, compare with the conventional substrate that current epipremnum aureum produces, epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention can well meet the requirement that epipremnum aureum grows, fertilizer efficiency is long, during cultivation, do not need to use again other fertilizer, ventilative water retention property is good, the epipremnum aureum that produces roots soon, surviving rate is high, strain shape is plentiful, blade face dark green glossy, color and luster is evenly distributed, blade face is cleaned, smooth.Analytical results proves that matrix of the present invention is applicable to cultivate epipremnum aureum.
Result shows, the epipremnum aureum quality that matrix of the present invention is cultivated is better than contrast, and the cost of production matrix declines to a great extent.
Claims (2)
1. a preparation method for epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1), prepare garden plant waste compost;
A1, by garden plant waste cutting, pulverize and obtain fibrous compost material, the particle diameter of described fibrous compost material is less than 2cm, and described garden plant waste is at least one in dry branches and fallen leaves, turf-mown thing, street tree trimming thing, weed seed, plant residual flower;
A2, compost material is placed in to fermenter add wherein urea, adjusting carbon-nitrogen ratio is 20-25:1;
A3, add fast rotten microbial inoculum to fermenter, regulating the water ratio of compost material is 55-60% and pH value, it is mixed with stack turner turning, described pH value neutrality meta-alkali;
A4, during the fermentation, according to the height of temperature every 3-6 days stack turner turning, suitably adds water, and makes water ratio remain on 55-60%;
A5, after fully becoming thoroughly decomposed, dry, pack for subsequent use;
2), preparation epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix:
According to garden plant waste compost: peat: the volume ratio of coconut palm chaff is 5.5-6:2-3:1.5-2.5 or garden plant waste compost: vermiculite: the volume ratio of liver moss is 5-6:2.5-3:1-2 or garden plant waste compost: peat: coconut palm chaff: perlitic volume ratio is 5-6:1.5-3:1.5-2:0.5-1 or garden plant waste compost: peat: ashes: the volume ratio of coconut palm chaff is that 5.5-6:1.5-2.5:1.5-2:1-1.5 takes, fully mixes and can obtain described epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix.
2. the epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix that preparation method according to claim 1 makes, it is characterized in that, take garden plant waste compost as major ingredient, described garden plant waste compost volume is no less than 50% of cultivation matrix cumulative volume, described coconut palm chaff refers to the byproduct of coconut deep processing, described perlite is a kind of to be heated to 1000 ℃ by grey volcanics, and rock particles expands and forms.
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| CN104292012A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-01-21 | 柳州市天姿园艺有限公司 | Special nutritional soil for scindapsus aureus |
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| CN107382475A (en) * | 2017-07-29 | 2017-11-24 | 芜湖新达园林绿化集团有限公司 | A kind of cultural method for improving epipremnum aureum survival rate |
| CN109169152A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-01-11 | 上海应用技术大学 | A kind of plant soil-less culturing matrix matched using garden waste |
| CN109608274A (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2019-04-12 | 绵阳禾创环境艺术工程有限公司 | Green nourishing base preparation method based on urban landscaping waste |
| CN110291956A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-10-01 | 肇庆市恒发农业科技有限公司 | A kind of culture substrate based on peat sawdust |
| CN110683916A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-01-14 | 昆山合纵生态科技有限公司 | Fermentation material of organic substrate for greening and preparation method thereof |
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