CN102976839A - Scindapsus aureus cultivation medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Scindapsus aureus cultivation medium and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN102976839A
CN102976839A CN2011102582126A CN201110258212A CN102976839A CN 102976839 A CN102976839 A CN 102976839A CN 2011102582126 A CN2011102582126 A CN 2011102582126A CN 201110258212 A CN201110258212 A CN 201110258212A CN 102976839 A CN102976839 A CN 102976839A
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epipremnum aureum
plant waste
cultivation matrix
compost
garden plant
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CN102976839B (en
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周贤军
黄东光
卢漫
阮元科
叶丽江
严建平
刘春常
许建新
高静
张妮静
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Cecep Tiehan ecological environment Co.,Ltd.
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Shenzhen Techand Ecology and Environment Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a scindapsus aureus cultivation medium and a preparation method thereof. The scindapsus aureus cultivation medium is prepared by mixing landscape plant waste compost and auxiliary materials according to a certain volume ratio. The landscape plant waste compost is prepared by cutting, crushing, urea and water addition, turning and fermentation. The scindapsus aureus cultivation medium improves physicochemical properties of the original medium, adopts raw materials which have wide sources, are convenient for acquisition and have low prices, utilizes a landscape plant waste compost part to replace non-renewable peat massively used in flower production, improves ornamental plant quality, reduces a production cost, is beneficial for landscape waste utilization and environmental protection, and has good environmental ecological, economic and social benefits.

Description

A kind of epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix and preparation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof, relate in particular to a kind of epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix and preparation method.
Background technology
Epipremnum aureum is the obnoxious flavoures such as formaldehyde, benzene and trieline in the absorbing air effectively, for the stiff indoor green decorations that lines are active, color is lucid and lively that increased, are rich in life again, add happy and harmonious temperament and interest to the room.Epipremnum aureum is evergreen all the year round, and stem is soft, and prehensile is strong, and aerial root is flourishing, and the ability of seeking connections with is strong, and leaf is ovum heart or ovum shape oblong, and the blade face wax has many irregular yellow spottings or striped, is one of very good indoor decorative plant.
But when cultivating epipremnum aureum, use in a large number the Nonrenewable resources such as peat.Organic matter in the peat, content of humic acid height, fibre content is abundant, and loose porous, ventilating permeable is good, and specific surface area is large, and the absorption sequestering power is strong, and stronger ion-exchange capacity and salt balance controllability are arranged, and is good cultivation matrix.Yet peat is Nonrenewable resources, and it utilizes process is exactly the consumption process of peat resource.Excessively exploitation will cause the rapid consumption of human survival, the resources of production to be lost.
Simultaneously, along with the fast development of conservation culture urban construction, urban landscaping is subject to people's attention day by day.But in the process of afforestation maintenance, management, all can produce a large amount of garden plant wastes, such as dry branches and fallen leaves, turf-mown thing, street tree trimming thing, weed seed and plant residual flower etc.These garden plant wastes were regarded as municipal wastes in the past, and it processes the major way of disposing is landfill and burning, but the mode of landfill then causes the waste of land resources; The mode of burning then produces a large amount of obnoxious flavoures and flue dust, and polluted air is detrimental to health.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, needs a large amount of Nonrenewable resources peat that use for current cultivation ornamental plant, and the defectives such as not environmental protection of processing mode of garden plant waste provide a kind of epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix simultaneously.
A kind of epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix, take garden plant waste compost as major ingredient, peat, coconut palm chaff, vermiculite, liver moss, ashes and perlite are auxiliary material, described garden plant waste compost volume is no less than 50% of cultivation matrix cumulative volume.
Auxiliary material described in the epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention is peat and coconut palm chaff,
Perhaps described auxiliary material is vermiculite and liver moss,
Perhaps described auxiliary material is peat, coconut palm chaff and perlite,
Perhaps described auxiliary material is peat, ashes and coconut palm chaff.
Garden plant waste compost described in the epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention: peat: the volume ratio of coconut palm chaff is 5.5-6: 2-3: 1.5-2.5.
Garden plant waste compost described in the epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention: vermiculite: the volume ratio of liver moss is 5-6: 2.5-3: 1-2.
Garden plant waste compost described in the epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention: peat: coconut palm chaff: perlitic volume ratio is 5-6: 1.5-3: 1.5-2: 0.5-1.
Garden plant waste compost described in the epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention: peat: ashes: the volume ratio of coconut palm chaff is 5.5-6: 1.5-2.5-3: 1.5-2: 1-1.5.
Epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention, the preparation method comprises the steps:
1), preparation garden plant waste compost:
A1, with garden plant waste cutting, pulverize and obtain fibrous compost material;
A2, compost material is placed fermenter and to wherein adding urea, the adjusting carbon-nitrogen ratio is 20-25: 1;
A3, add fast rotten microbial inoculum to fermenter, the water ratio of regulating compost material is 55-60% and pH value, makes its mixing with the stack turner turning;
A4, during the fermentation used the stack turner turning according to the every 3-6 of the height of temperature days, suitably added water, made water ratio remain on 55-60%;
A5, after fully becoming thoroughly decomposed, dry, pack for subsequent use;
2), preparation epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix:
Volume ratio according to garden plant waste compost mentioned above and auxiliary material takes by weighing, fully mixing can obtain described epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix.
Garden plant waste described in the epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention is at least a in dry branches and fallen leaves, turf-mown thing, street tree trimming thing, weed seed, the plant residual flower.
Peat of the present invention refers to commercially available flower culture peat.
Coconut palm chaff of the present invention refers to the byproduct of coconut deep processing, has insulation, moisturizing, the characteristic such as loose, ventilative.
Ashes of the present invention refer to the rear remaining lime-ash of biomass fuel (being mainly vegetable material) burning.
Vermiculite of the present invention refers to a kind of natural, nontoxic mineral substance, dilatable mineral under high temperature action.
Liver moss of the present invention is a kind of small-sized green plants, and is simple in structure, only comprises stem and leaf two portions, sometimes only has flat thallus, do not have real root and vascular bundle.
Perlite of the present invention is a kind ofly to be heated to 1000 ℃ by grey volcanics (aluminosilicate), and rock particles expands and forms.Be to be easy to draining, to be easy to ventilation as the advantage of matrix, physics and chemistry character is more stable, and water-retaining capacity is stronger.
Cultivation matrix of the present invention is applied to the cuttage cultivation epipremnum aureum, in the process of epipremnum aureum growth, has investigated surviving rate, physical signs (bud length, root long pointer), the whole Oranoleptic indicator of epipremnum aureum.Compare with the conventional substrate that the cuttage of present epipremnum aureum is produced, the cultivation matrix of this invention can satisfy the requirement that the epipremnum aureum cuttage is grown, the epipremnum aureum that produces roots soon, surviving rate is high, strain shape is plentiful, the blade face is dark green, glossy, color and luster is evenly distributed, the blade face is cleaned, smooth; Analytical results proves that matrix of the present invention is applicable to cultivate epipremnum aureum.
Epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention utilizes garden plant waste compost to substitute part peat, has realized the recycling of garden plant waste.Auxiliary material comprises wide material sources, the components such as cheap coconut palm chaff, ashes.Described cultivation matrix physico-chemical property is good, and ventilative water-holding property is good, and fertilizer efficiency is long, is fit to very much the cultivation of ornamental plant.
The present invention takes full advantage of garden plant waste, because garden plant waste wide material sources, easy making process, the high temperature that produces in the treating processes of compost can kill various pathogenic bacterias, worm's ovum and the grass-seed etc. in the raw material, realized the harmless treatment of raw material, greatly reduced the use of epipremnum aureum cuttage cultivation process Pesticides, for of the present invention applying laid a good foundation.Along with the development and use of the traditional cultivation matrix such as peat are restricted, the cuttage cultivation that the matrix such as garden plant waste compost, ashes is used for ornamental plant, reduced to a great extent the use of peat, alleviate the pressure of the excessive exploitation of peat to ecotope, reduced the production cost of ornamental plant.The present invention converts it into cultivation matrix by biofermentation technique, not only can realize the recycling of garden plant waste, effectively developed garden plant waste, minimizing is because of landfill and burn the problem of environmental pollution that causes, also realized simultaneously the Sustainable development of afforestation industry, it is a kind of application technology as the second resource of ecotypic garden plant waste, have good environmental benefit, Social benefit and economic benefit, in the ornamental plant cultivation and production, especially have broad application prospects in the epipremnum aureum cultivation and production.
Embodiment
Following examples only are used for explaining the present invention, should not be construed as to limit the scope of the invention.
One, the production of the garden plant waste compost of cultivation matrix of the present invention, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) garden plant waste is pulverized: garden plant waste is through centralized collection, chip through drum chipper and to obtain the phytoclasts of about 5cm, pulverize through vertical dry wet feed integrated crushing machine again and obtain particle diameter less than the fibrous compost material of 2cm, compost material is placed long 40m, wide 3.5m, the fermenter of high 1.0m, stacking height is 0.7-0.8m, is about 98-112m 3
(2) component is regulated: material per ton should add urea 5-6kg, regulate carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N), make its C/N scope that reaches suitable microorganism growth (be generally 20-25: 1), with urea, the microbial inoculum that adds (is large magnificent enzymatic microorganism quick rotting agent, the grown place is Huaian, Jiangsu, be mainly bacterium, actinomycetes and fungi,) place fermentation vat, after stirring even the sprinkling of bacteria suspension watered on compost material, and carry out turning with stack turner, make itself and mixing of materials even, and to regulate its water ratio be 55-60%, the neutral meta-alkali of pH value is carried out composting fermentation process smoothly.
(3) compost fermentation: heap temperature rises in the composting fermentation process, the 3rd day temperature of compost just reaches 55 ℃, carrying out along with composting process, temperature rises gradually, 70 ℃ of Gao Shikeda, and temperature remains on that the time length is about 20 days more than 60 ℃, is enough to kill the compost hazard-frees such as various pathogenic bacterias, worm's ovum and grass-seed in the raw material.Whole composting fermentation process temperature has experienced temperature raising period, pliotherm period and cooldown period three phases, need 45-55 days, between the pliotherm period, carry out a turning according to height 3-6 days of temperature with stack turner, purpose is the oxygen content that ventilation and heat increases the heap body simultaneously, avoid piling the local anaerobic environment of the inner generation of body, keep high temperature for compost simultaneously condition is provided.The after-ripening phase temperature slowly drops to natural temperature; The water ratio of whole composting fermentation process reduces gradually, and will suitably moisturize during the fermentation, and it carries out smoothly at 55% left and right sides guarantee to make its water ratio, and the after-ripening stage does not moisturize, in order to guarantee the composting production quality; Whole composting fermentation process pH value reduces gradually.
(4) physico-chemical property is measured: without any peculiar smell, be chocolate through the garden plant waste compost after fully becoming thoroughly decomposed, the compost physicochemical character is: unit weight 0.196g/cm 3, saturation moisture content 390%, pH value are 7.12, organic 53%, N1.67%, P0.59%, K1.78%.(" People's Republic of China's agricultural industry criteria organic fertilizer " NY 525-2002 that measurement standard was published according to Chinese agriculture press in 2002)
Two, prepare correspondingly epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix according to the volume ratio of following every group of component.
Control group
Figure BDA0000088539600000051
Each component proportion of the first embodiment (volume ratio)
Figure BDA0000088539600000052
Each component proportion of the second embodiment (volume ratio)
Figure BDA0000088539600000053
Each component proportion of the third embodiment (volume ratio)
Figure BDA0000088539600000054
Figure BDA0000088539600000061
The 4th kind of each component proportion of embodiment (volume ratio)
Figure BDA0000088539600000062
The preparation of epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention, concrete steps are as follows:
Epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix take dose volume as 10L embodiment 10 is as example.
Measure the garden plant waste compost of 5L;
Measure the peat of 2L;
Measure the coconut palm chaff of 2L;
Measure the perlite (large particle diameter washed dust through water, dried in the ventilation) of 1L.
Above-mentioned component is mixed.
Three, the cuttage cultivation that the epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix is used for epipremnum aureum
The preparation of plugged ear: the branch of clip robust growth from the maternal plant, each plugged ear keeps 1 bud point, and plugged ear upper end and lower end all keep 2cm from bud.
The preparation of epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix: the epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix that embodiment 1~16 is prepared is used for the epipremnum aureum cuttage cultivation, selects simultaneously to produce and produces upper habitual cultivation matrix (8 peat: 2 perlites) group in contrast.
Cuttage: totally 4 * 4 groups of substrate formula, every group of 5 * 4 basins, every basin cuttage 20 stem cutting fringes, the cuttage degree of depth is 2/3 of plugged ear.Water permeable after the cuttage.
Cultivate: under identical condition (daylight, room temperature, water, daily administration), cultivate the epipremnum aureum of cuttage.Periodic sampling is observed and is measured its growth indexes in culturing process.
Whole viewing duration is applying fertilizer not, and garden plant waste compost can be the epipremnum aureum growth nutrient is provided, and does not need to add other fertilizer.
Each, growing state saw Table 1-table 5 in period.
Long (cm) growing state of each bud in period of table 1 different treatment
Figure BDA0000088539600000071
As seen, it is fast that epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention can make the epipremnum aureum bud occur, and blastogenesis is long fast.
The strain number (strain) of each bud length in period of table 2 different treatment more than 8cm
Figure BDA0000088539600000081
As seen, epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention can make the epipremnum aureum blastogenesis long fast, and the long strain digital display work of the above bud of 8cm increases.
Long (cm) growing state of each root in period of table 3 different treatment
Figure BDA0000088539600000082
Figure BDA0000088539600000091
As seen, it is fast that epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention can make the epipremnum aureum root occur, and root growth is fast.
The 50th day surviving rate (%) of table 4 different treatment
Figure BDA0000088539600000092
As seen, epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention can make the surviving rate of epipremnum aureum significantly improve.
The 50th day associative perception rank (%) of table 5 different treatment
Figure BDA0000088539600000093
Figure BDA0000088539600000101
The associative perception one-level: Leaf positional distribution is even, and leaf color jade green is glossy, blade cleaning; The associative perception secondary: Leaf positional distribution is even, leaf color jade green, blade cleaning; Three grades of associative perceptions: Leaf positional distribution is inhomogeneous, leaf color jade green.(judgement criteria is according to agrotechnique standard " the potted plant foliage plants of flowers quality grade of evaluation standard the 3rd part ")
As seen, matrix of the present invention can significantly be improved the associative perception rank of epipremnum aureum.
The content (mg/g) of the different embodiment leaf chlorophylls of table 6
Figure BDA0000088539600000102
As seen, matrix of the present invention is compared the content that can obviously improve epipremnum aureum blade Determination of Chlorophyll with conventional substrate.
To sum up, compare with the conventional substrate that present epipremnum aureum produces, epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of the present invention can well satisfy the requirement that epipremnum aureum grows, fertilizer efficiency is long, do not need to use again other fertilizer during the cultivation, ventilative water retention property is good, the epipremnum aureum that produces roots soon, surviving rate is high, strain shape is plentiful, the blade face dark green glossy, color and luster is evenly distributed, the blade face is cleaned, smooth.Analytical results proves that matrix of the present invention is applicable to cultivate epipremnum aureum.
The result shows that the epipremnum aureum quality that matrix of the present invention is cultivated is better than contrast, and the cost of production matrix declines to a great extent.

Claims (7)

1. an epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix is characterized in that, take garden plant waste compost as major ingredient, peat, coconut palm chaff, vermiculite, liver moss, ashes and perlite are auxiliary material, and described garden plant waste compost volume is no less than 50% of cultivation matrix cumulative volume.
2. epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described garden plant waste compost: peat: the volume ratio of coconut palm chaff is 5.5-6: 2-3: 1.5-2.5.
3. epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described garden plant waste compost: vermiculite: the volume ratio of liver moss is 5-6: 2.5-3: 1-2.
4. epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described garden plant waste compost: peat: the coconut palm chaff: perlitic volume ratio is 5-6: 1.5-3: 1.5-2: 0.5-1.
5. epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described garden plant waste compost: peat: ashes: the volume ratio 5.5-6 of coconut palm chaff: 1.5-2.5-3: 1.5-2: 1-1.5.
6. the preparation method of each described epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix of claim 1-5 is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1), preparation garden plant waste compost;
A1, with garden plant waste cutting, pulverize and obtain fibrous compost material;
A2, compost material is placed fermenter and to wherein adding urea, the adjusting carbon-nitrogen ratio is 20-25: 1;
A3, add fast rotten microbial inoculum to fermenter, the water ratio of regulating compost material is 55-60% and pH value, makes its mixing with the stack turner turning;
A4, during the fermentation used the stack turner turning according to the every 3-6 of the height of temperature days, suitably added water, made water ratio remain on 55-60%;
A5, after fully becoming thoroughly decomposed, dry, pack for subsequent use;
2), preparation epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix:
Volume ratio according to the described garden plant waste compost of claim 2-5 any one and auxiliary material takes by weighing, fully mixing can obtain described epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix.
7. epipremnum aureum cultivation matrix according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described garden plant waste is at least a in dry branches and fallen leaves, turf-mown thing, street tree trimming thing, weed seed, the plant residual flower.
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Cited By (14)

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CN104292012A (en) * 2014-10-20 2015-01-21 柳州市天姿园艺有限公司 Special nutritional soil for scindapsus aureus
CN104892088A (en) * 2015-03-24 2015-09-09 上海宇强贸易有限公司 Soil-free cultivation medium with microorganisms and promoting healthy growth and production of crops and preparation method thereof
CN106242906A (en) * 2016-08-11 2016-12-21 晋鼎明 A kind of potted plant Epipremnum aureum (Linde et Andre) (Bunting.) dedicated substrate
CN106900413A (en) * 2017-01-11 2017-06-30 东莞植物园 Luxuriant tongue orchid cultivation matrix that a kind of utilization garden waste makes and preparation method thereof
CN106977355A (en) * 2017-06-08 2017-07-25 合肥慧明瀚生态农业科技有限公司 A kind of Chinese herbaceous peony cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof
CN107155697A (en) * 2017-04-25 2017-09-15 深圳市铁汉生态环境股份有限公司 It is a kind of to be used for the mixed culture matrix of southern roof greening
CN107278858A (en) * 2017-07-07 2017-10-24 江苏省农业科学院 Cultivation matrix added with composite conditioner
CN107382475A (en) * 2017-07-29 2017-11-24 芜湖新达园林绿化集团有限公司 A kind of cultural method for improving epipremnum aureum survival rate
CN109169152A (en) * 2018-09-25 2019-01-11 上海应用技术大学 A kind of plant soil-less culturing matrix matched using garden waste
CN109608274A (en) * 2019-02-15 2019-04-12 绵阳禾创环境艺术工程有限公司 Green nourishing base preparation method based on urban landscaping waste
CN110291956A (en) * 2019-07-12 2019-10-01 肇庆市恒发农业科技有限公司 A kind of culture substrate based on peat sawdust
CN110683916A (en) * 2019-11-07 2020-01-14 昆山合纵生态科技有限公司 Fermentation material of organic substrate for greening and preparation method thereof
CN111955313A (en) * 2020-08-25 2020-11-20 南宁市绿化工程管理中心(南宁市园林科研所) Hibiscus syriacus cuttage substrate and hibiscus syriacus cuttage method under high-temperature condition
CN114145212A (en) * 2021-07-05 2022-03-08 中农新科(苏州)有机循环研究院有限公司 Substrate applied to tulip cultivation and preparation method

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Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104292012A (en) * 2014-10-20 2015-01-21 柳州市天姿园艺有限公司 Special nutritional soil for scindapsus aureus
CN104892088A (en) * 2015-03-24 2015-09-09 上海宇强贸易有限公司 Soil-free cultivation medium with microorganisms and promoting healthy growth and production of crops and preparation method thereof
CN106242906A (en) * 2016-08-11 2016-12-21 晋鼎明 A kind of potted plant Epipremnum aureum (Linde et Andre) (Bunting.) dedicated substrate
CN106900413B (en) * 2017-01-11 2019-12-17 东莞植物园 cymbidium bracteatum culture medium prepared from garden waste and preparation method thereof
CN106900413A (en) * 2017-01-11 2017-06-30 东莞植物园 Luxuriant tongue orchid cultivation matrix that a kind of utilization garden waste makes and preparation method thereof
CN107155697A (en) * 2017-04-25 2017-09-15 深圳市铁汉生态环境股份有限公司 It is a kind of to be used for the mixed culture matrix of southern roof greening
CN106977355A (en) * 2017-06-08 2017-07-25 合肥慧明瀚生态农业科技有限公司 A kind of Chinese herbaceous peony cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof
CN107278858A (en) * 2017-07-07 2017-10-24 江苏省农业科学院 Cultivation matrix added with composite conditioner
CN107382475A (en) * 2017-07-29 2017-11-24 芜湖新达园林绿化集团有限公司 A kind of cultural method for improving epipremnum aureum survival rate
CN109169152A (en) * 2018-09-25 2019-01-11 上海应用技术大学 A kind of plant soil-less culturing matrix matched using garden waste
CN109608274A (en) * 2019-02-15 2019-04-12 绵阳禾创环境艺术工程有限公司 Green nourishing base preparation method based on urban landscaping waste
CN110291956A (en) * 2019-07-12 2019-10-01 肇庆市恒发农业科技有限公司 A kind of culture substrate based on peat sawdust
CN110683916A (en) * 2019-11-07 2020-01-14 昆山合纵生态科技有限公司 Fermentation material of organic substrate for greening and preparation method thereof
CN111955313A (en) * 2020-08-25 2020-11-20 南宁市绿化工程管理中心(南宁市园林科研所) Hibiscus syriacus cuttage substrate and hibiscus syriacus cuttage method under high-temperature condition
CN111955313B (en) * 2020-08-25 2022-06-03 南宁市绿化工程管理中心(南宁市园林科研所) Hibiscus syriacus cuttage substrate and hibiscus syriacus cuttage method under high-temperature condition
CN114145212A (en) * 2021-07-05 2022-03-08 中农新科(苏州)有机循环研究院有限公司 Substrate applied to tulip cultivation and preparation method

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