CN102405823A - Soilless cultivation nutrient supply base of poaceae plants and production method - Google Patents
Soilless cultivation nutrient supply base of poaceae plants and production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102405823A CN102405823A CN2011102650246A CN201110265024A CN102405823A CN 102405823 A CN102405823 A CN 102405823A CN 2011102650246 A CN2011102650246 A CN 2011102650246A CN 201110265024 A CN201110265024 A CN 201110265024A CN 102405823 A CN102405823 A CN 102405823A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention discloses a soilless cultivation nutrient supply base of poaceae plants and a production method. Between a basal layer (1) and a containing layer (6), a water retaining layer (3), a fertilizer controlling and releasing layer (4) and a readily available fertilizer layer (5) are separated through multi-layer fiber filling layers (2). The readily available fertilizer layer (5), the multi-layer fiber filling layer (2), the fertilizer controlling and releasing layer (4), the multi-layer fiber filling layer (2), the water retaining layer (3), the multi-layer fiber filling layer (2) and the containing layer (6) are arranged on the basal layer (1) in turn while producing. The nutrient supply layer perfectly acts as the soil in the soilless cultivation, perfectly simulates various main substances in the soil, and provides a similar growth environment for plants; simultaneously the nutrient supply base further comprises the following advantages: obviously reducing the growth period of the plants, having no harmful insects in the growth land without destruction grass, strengthening the disease resistance, and having performances of clean and beautiful.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to International Classification of Patents A01G gardening; The cultivation of vegetables, flowers, rice, fruit tree, grape, lupulus or edible seaweed; Forestry; The sprinkling technique field, the nutrient supply base and the production method that are suitable for gramineous plants is carried out the soilless culture use that especially a kind of industrialization is produced.
Background technology
Earth land nearly 20% is covered with grass.Gramineous plants comprises the multiple plant that is commonly called as work " so-and-so grass ", is divided into 620 more and belongs to more than at least 10000 kinds.90% turfgrass is under the jurisdiction of gramineous plants in the world, Bermuda grass family for example, annual bluegrass family, wheat family, oat family etc.In the about kind more than 1200 of genus surplus state-owned 190.Along with the development of economic society, gramineous plants large-scale production progressively trends towards soilless culture.And the demand of tackling nutrient raw material mutually also is huge.The root system of gramineous plants is comparatively flourishing, and gramineous plants needs a large amount of fertilizer could grow intact in planting process.Consume a large amount of chemical fertilizer now and be used to produce gramineous plants, production cost is high.
Can reference technological less; And for a large amount of agriculture organic solid castoffs; Only have a spot of material to be used to produce silage fodder, or be used to produce biogas, on one side peasant household burn agriculture organic solid castoff a large amount of; Or be used for one side we consume a large amount of fertilizer in the planting gramineous plants, and this does not meet the sustainable development of country yet.Such as in known technology, the corn seedling growing process of a kind of drought resisting, environmental protection, raising the output rises.As long as corn seed is sprinkling upon in the noggin nutritive cube that utilizes discarded stalk making, just can roots.
In fact, stalk contain abundant natural nutrient in the stalk, and the composition at each position is different with digestibility in the stalk, even difference is very big as one of agriculture organic solid castoff.From the chemical composition and the organic matter external digestion rate at the different shape position that the straw analysis of 24 kinds obtains, the crude protein content of internode stem stalk part is lower, and cellulose and content of ashes are the highest, and digestibility is minimum.The different parts of other stalks becomes to be grouped into and straw difference to some extent, and the ash content and the fiber content of general blade are lower, and digestibility is then far above internode stem stalk part.The dry matter digestibility stem at each position of corn stalk is 53.8%, and leaf is 56.7%, and core is 55.8%, and bract is 66.5%, and complete stool is 56.6%.Other has report to think that corn dry matter digestibility cauline leaf is 59%, and bract is 68%, and core is 37%: wheat leaf is 70%, and joint is 53%, and wheat husk is 42%, and stem is 40%.It is thus clear that the agriculture organic solid castoff of a large amount of cheap and easy processing satisfies its gramineous crop as a kind of economy in theory fully and cultivates the nutrient source.
And for example number of patent application 200710055894 provides Conjuncted grow seedling nutritional media; This Conjuncted grow seedling nutritional media is by tabular pedestal (1); The plural base station (2) that links into an integrated entity and be separated from each other again with pedestal (1) is arranged on tabular pedestal (1), and the upper surface of base station (2) has the kind cave (3) that is deep into base station (2) inside to constitute; Between base station (2) and the base station (2) the V-type groove (4) that intersects is in length and breadth arranged.This conjuncted nutrition base be with the low level meadow peat be raw material, or add biological material pulverization process such as rice husk, coconut palm chaff, peanut shell, sawdust with part peat inferior after add necessary auxiliary material; Adopt machinery to concentrate charging, then with the whole formpiston compacting of moulding bench-type, column type base station and kind cave excipient awl from the former of the big opening of trend.
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Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly utilize agriculture organic solid castoff to produce gramineous plants soilless culture nutrient supply base.
Goal of the invention of the present invention realizes through following technical measures: between basal layer and accommodating layer, with multi-layer fiber packed layer interval water conservation layer, release and release control fertilizer layer and the quick-acting fertilizer bed of material; When producing, on basal layer, dispense the quick-acting fertilizer bed of material, fiber filled layer, release and release control fertilizer layer, fiber filled layer, water conservation layer, fiber filled layer and accommodating layer successively;
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the nutrient supply layer has well served as the effect of soil in fact in soilless culture, has well simulated the various main matter in the soil, for plant provides similar growing environment; Simultaneously its advantage also comprise such as, obviously shorten the plant growing cycle, do not have type insect of evil vegetatively of broken ring grass, disease resistance has also obtained reinforcement, and clean, attractive in appearance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the invention 1 a hierarchy sketch map
Fig. 2 is the schematic process flow diagram of the production method in the embodiment of the invention 1
Reference numeral:
Embodiment
The present invention is a layer structure, between basal layer 1 and accommodating layer 6, with multi-layer fiber packed layer 2 water conservation layer 3, release and release control fertilizer layer 4 and the quick-acting fertilizer bed of material 5 at interval; When producing, on basal layer 1, dispense the quick-acting fertilizer bed of material 5, fiber filled layer 2, release and release control fertilizer layer 4, fiber filled layer 2, water conservation layer 3, fiber filled layer 2 and accommodating layer 6 successively;
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further set forth the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
The present invention's basal layer 1 when producing pulls out 7 by front roller wheel; Move ahead along conveyer belt 8; Successively dispense the quick-acting fertilizer bed of material 5, fiber filled layer 2, release and release control fertilizer layer 4, fiber filled layer 2, water conservation layer 3, fiber filled layer 2 successively by 6 oscillatory type chute feeders or rolling wheel type chute feeder successively, it is compound on it to pull out accommodating layer 6 by middle roll 9 then, pricks the hole above that through needing machine 10 again; Push up and down through compression roller 11 more afterwards, composite sheet material 13 is wound on the rear roll 12 more then.
On conveyer belt 8, spill, then get into needing machine 10 puncture punchings, at this moment twine and cause and to breathe freely in order to prevent that gramineous plants flourishing root system when the growth is undue each other according to order shop up and down.
Fiber filled layer 2 is that agriculture organic solid castoff is as raw material; Comprise crops straws such as wheat, corn and paddy rice, rhizome, branches and leaves, the dry ight soil of domestic animal.
Nutrition base in the embodiment of the invention is compared test show that effect is given prominence to;
Germination rate as to the growth substrate of different-thickness shows as;
5 millimeters 10 millimeters 15 millimeters 20 millimeters of stromal thicknesses
After 10 days 27% 29% 30% 33%
After 15 days 28% 43% 53% 55%
After 20 days 31% 54% 83% 86%
After 25 days 44% 54% 88% 90%
After 30 days 56% 55% 89% 92%
The product thickness of nutrition base is suitable for the 5-25 millimeter in the embodiment of the invention; In fact; Began later on from 20 days, along with the increase of growth substrate thickness, 15 millimeters to 20 millimeters percentage of seedgermination progressively improves; Reached more than 80%, so the thickness of upgrowth situation of plant and growth substrate is closely related.Particularly the root system when selected plant is thicker, when long, suitably adjust the thickness of growth substrate.And thickness is at the growth substrate below 5 millimeters, no matter is from water storage or from protection, and is all not fully up to expectations.And when product had been laid in the native environment, thin excessively growth substrate can't stop the germination of the weed seed that comprises in lower floor's earth.Simultaneously, when product was laid in the environment that does not have soil, thin excessively growth substrate also can't provide the space of plant root growth, and plant growing is exerted an adverse impact, and has certain thickness so should guarantee it.
The nutrient supply layer has well served as the effect of soil in fact among the present invention in soilless culture, has well simulated the various main matter in the soil, for plant provides similar growing environment; Simultaneously its advantage also comprise such as, obviously shorten the plant growing cycle, do not have type insect of evil vegetatively of broken ring grass, disease resistance has also obtained reinforcement, and clean, attractive in appearance.
The present invention is significant with respect to difference and advantage that the soil cultivation is arranged.
As for soil cultivation is arranged, fertilising fate 15 days/inferior has the ground insect pest, a little less than the 1 day/inferior disease resistance of watering water spacer, and a square meter lawn and medium-weight 35kg-40k; And use the soilless culture after the embodiment of the invention simultaneously, and fertilising fate 45 days/inferior does not have the ground insect pest, waters water spacer 5 days/inferior, and disease resistance is strong, a square meter lawn and medium-weight 15kg-20kg.
Can find out have the soil cultivation to have many unfavorable factors, after the embodiment of the present invention soilless culture, be well solved; Range of application of the present invention is than more wide, and in addition, the present invention also has advantage more aspect the later stage maintenance; More convenient than there being soil to cultivate, the maintenance cost is also lower.
By agriculture organic solid castoff fibrous material, water-keeping material, most of used coconut palm chaff on nutrient supply layer that release and release control fertilizer is formed and the present market, river sand, nutrition soil etc. compares as the nutrient supply layer.Under equivalent environment, disposable moisture pouring fully continues not water in the back, agriculture organic solid castoff after 5 days, water-keeping material, the fertile humidity 33% of controlled release, and coconut palm chaff, river sand, humidity 0% such as nutrition soil.Promptly cut off the water supply after having watered water disposable; Show that the 3rd day experimental data the phenomenon of lack of water all appears in other three kinds of matrix as the nutrient supply layer; And use agriculture organic solid castoff; The nutrient supply layer that water-keeping material etc. are made can continue to remain to the 5th day, has well alleviated the growth needs of plant under the situation of not watering for a long time.
The present invention does not need sterilization processing and with the fiber filled layer 2 of agriculture organic solid castoff as main raw material(s) through adopting; And be equipped with can be under nature degraded, the well behaved fibrous material of water-permeable and air permeable are done basal layer 1 and accommodating layer 6 fully; Combine other materials such as slow acting fertilizer, water-keeping material and rapid-result fertilizer again, the inside that is made has comprised the growth substrate of planting the required nutrient supply layer of gramineous plants.
Its inside of the present invention has comprised plantation basal layer from bottom to top, nutrient supply layer, seed accommodating layer etc., and cooperate to sow the kind of plant and form according to different thickness compactings.
Product of the present invention integrates effects such as plantation, fertilising and water conservation, and only need just can need not keep the optimum growh state of plant a tax on one's mindly, and effectively promote the germination rate of plant through simple plantation step.While the most at the beginning according to the actual conditions of locality, is selected the also corresponding adjustment nutrient supply of suitable gramineous plants seed layer content in plantation planning, has outstanding practicality and applicability.
The various respective material of the present invention form the nutrient supply layer, and are concrete through as follows: the agriculture organic solid castoff fibrous material fiber filled layer 2 trickled down through vibration by oscillatory type is spilt as bottom nutrient supply layer in the aspect shop on basal layer 1 cloth; The aspect shop is spilt by the unrestrained water-keeping material of rolling wheel type chute feeder and is formed long-term water conservation layer 3 above that again; Spill by the unrestrained agriculture organic solid castoff fibrous material fiber filled layer 2 of oscillatory type chute feeder as intermediate layer nutrient supply layer aspect shop above that again; The aspect shop is spilt by the unrestrained release and release control fertilizer layer 4 of rolling wheel type chute feeder and is formed long-term provisions layer above that again; Spill by the unrestrained agriculture organic solid castoff fibrous material fiber filled layer 2 of oscillatory type chute feeder the aspect shop above that again; The aspect shop is spilt by the unrestrained quick-acting fertilizer bed of material 5 of rolling wheel type chute feeder and is formed the vernalization layer above that again, spills process through above six shops, forms the nutrient supply layer between plantation basal layer and the seed accommodating layer; Accommodating layer 6 cloth are covered in the superiors, have both played the protection to bottom nutrient supply layer, are that the seed of gramineous plants provides the spatial accommodation that is difficult for dropping at upper surface again.Above-mentioned composite layer is breathed freely through needing machine 10 after the puncture; The composite compacting that to puncture through compression roller 11 again; The environment-friendly type growth substrate that can plant gramineous plants that forms at last is wound into a material, so that transportation from now on and construction operation.
The nutrient supply layer of being made up of agriculture organic solid castoff fibrous material fiber filled layer 2 and water-keeping material water conservation layer 3 among the present invention can all be stored in the nutrient that irrigation water divides and last layer is discharged by release and release control fertilizer layer 4 around the root system of plant; Guaranteed required moisture and the nutrient of the gramineous plants of planting growth, and can keep long effect.And the vernalization layer of being made up of the quick-acting fertilizer bed of material 5 and accommodating layer 6 cloth on the upper strata not only can prevent institute's plant species seed and the disengaging under external force of required fertilizer; Also can under like abominable natural environment such as strong wind, heavy rain, protect seed not run off; And with the quick-acting fertilizer bed of material 5 is that the germination of seed provides nutrient, promotes the success rate of plantation.
Among the present invention, basal layer 1 cloth and seed accommodating layer 6 cloth material therefors are also formed by woven with natural plant fiber, therefore can not cause any harm to environment.It mainly is to make, curl, can not reveal under the states such as transportation, laying, sowing and plantation for the nutrient supply layer in the middle of protecting; And can be blended in the nutrient supply layer gradually; Before natural degradation is accomplished, also can play certain moisture nutriment storage effect, and stop the effects such as impact of rainwash the germination period plant.
Among the present invention, in the nutrient supply layer, be covered with three layers by agriculture organic solid castoff fiber filled layer 2, this mainly is in order to separate water-keeping material, release and release control fertilizer and quick-acting fertilizer, in order to avoid mix the effect performance that the back reduces product each other.Simultaneously also can play protection, store other effects such as water-permeable and air permeable.
The present invention is when operation, and the thickness of whole nutrient supply layer changes according to the plant variety of being planted, and germination and growth test to the growth substrate of different-thickness can draw following experimental data and plantation key point.
Used raw material are all native fiber and organic manure among the present invention, so meet the themes of the times of current environmental protection more.
Because the root system of gramineous plants is comparatively flourishing; So the present invention adopt do not need sterilization processing and with agriculture organic solid castoff as raw material; And be equipped with can be under nature degraded, the well behaved fibrous material of water-permeable and air permeable fully; Combine other materials such as slow acting fertilizer, water-keeping material and rapid-result fertilizer again, the basic unit that the plant planting that is made is used.
Use collection plantation of the present invention, fertilising and the incorporate growth of water conservation basic unit, only need just can need not keep the optimum growh state of plant a tax on one's mindly, and promote the germination rate of plant through simple plantation step.While the most at the beginning according to the actual conditions of locality, is selected the also corresponding adjustment nutrient supply of suitable gramineous plants seed layer content in plantation planning, accomplishes when safeguarding ecological harmony, also can let green simply promptly burst forth.
Claims (5)
1. gramineous plants soilless culture nutrient supply base and production method is characterized in that: between basal layer (1) and accommodating layer (6), with multi-layer fiber packed layer (2) interval water conservation layer (3), release and release control fertilizer layer (4) and the quick-acting fertilizer bed of material (5); When producing, on basal layer (1), dispense the quick-acting fertilizer bed of material (5), fiber filled layer (2), release and release control fertilizer layer (4), fiber filled layer (2), water conservation layer (3), fiber filled layer (2) accommodating layer (6) successively.
2. gramineous plants soilless culture nutrient supply base as claimed in claim 1 and production method; It is characterized in that; Basal layer (1) is pulled out (7) by front roller wheel when producing, and moves ahead along conveyer belt (8), successively dispenses the quick-acting fertilizer bed of material (5), fiber filled layer (2), release and release control fertilizer layer (4), fiber filled layer (2), water conservation layer (3), fiber filled layer (2) successively by 6 oscillatory type chute feeders or rolling wheel type chute feeder successively; It is compound on it to pull out accommodating layer (6) by middle roll (9) then; Pass through needing machine (10) again and prick the hole above that, pass through compression roller (11) afterwards again and push up and down, composite sheet material (13) is wound on the rear roll (12) more then.
3. gramineous plants soilless culture nutrient supply base as claimed in claim 1 and production method is characterized in that, basal layer (1) cloth and seed accommodating layer (6) cloth material therefor are also formed by woven with natural plant fiber.
4. gramineous plants soilless culture nutrient supply base as claimed in claim 1 and production method is characterized in that, fiber filled layer (2) is that agriculture organic solid castoff is as raw material; Comprise crops straws such as wheat, corn and paddy rice, rhizome, branches and leaves, the dry ight soil of domestic animal.
5. gramineous plants soilless culture nutrient supply base as claimed in claim 1 and production method is characterized in that the product thickness of nutrition base is the 5-25 millimeter.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011102650246A CN102405823A (en) | 2011-09-08 | 2011-09-08 | Soilless cultivation nutrient supply base of poaceae plants and production method |
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| CN2011102650246A CN102405823A (en) | 2011-09-08 | 2011-09-08 | Soilless cultivation nutrient supply base of poaceae plants and production method |
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| CN102405823A true CN102405823A (en) | 2012-04-11 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105210648A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-06 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | A kind of plant Li implantation methods of intercepting dike water conservation drought resisting high yield |
| CN105493952A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-04-20 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Greenhouse psammophyte culture medium |
| CN110313355A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-10-11 | 贵州省草业研究所 | A method of promoting orchardgrass growth |
| EP4186353A1 (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2023-05-31 | Antonia Ablaß | Module for holding plants |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105210648A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-06 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | A kind of plant Li implantation methods of intercepting dike water conservation drought resisting high yield |
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| CN105493952B (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2018-12-25 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Greenhouse psammophytes cultivation matrix |
| CN110313355A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-10-11 | 贵州省草业研究所 | A method of promoting orchardgrass growth |
| CN110313355B (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2021-06-22 | 贵州省草业研究所 | Method for promoting growth of cocksfoot |
| EP4186353A1 (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2023-05-31 | Antonia Ablaß | Module for holding plants |
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Application publication date: 20120411 |