CN105830835A - Industrialized seedling raising method adopting mechanical rice transplanting - Google Patents
Industrialized seedling raising method adopting mechanical rice transplanting Download PDFInfo
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- CN105830835A CN105830835A CN201610243949.3A CN201610243949A CN105830835A CN 105830835 A CN105830835 A CN 105830835A CN 201610243949 A CN201610243949 A CN 201610243949A CN 105830835 A CN105830835 A CN 105830835A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
Abstract
The invention discloses an industrialized seedling raising method adopting mechanical rice transplanting. The method comprises the following steps: (1) building of a seedling raising greenhouse; (2) seed selection and seed soaking for germination acceleration; (3) assembly-line-type sowing; (4) seedbed management; (5) transplanting. Compared with a current rice seedling raising technique, the industrialized seedling raising method adopting mechanical rice transplanting is adopted, the planting cost can be reduced, and the seedling quality is improved. With the adoption of the seedling raising method, the seedlings are directly raised in the greenhouse, the processes including seedbed preparation, selection of good seeds, fertilizer application, watering, labor work, drought resistance and disinfection are omitted, the seedling raising cost is greatly reduced, and labor is saved. Additionally, the quality of seedlings obtained with the seedling raising method is high, that is, the emergence rate is high, the seedlings are strong and can quickly green up and survive, the content of carbon and nitrogen is higher, the rooting strength is higher, and accordingly, the yield of rice per mu is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for raising seedling of a kind of Oryza sativa L., belong to rice cultivation planting technical field.
Background technology
Oryza sativa L. is one of long staple food crop of China's cultivation history.Rice is of high nutritive value, good palatability, easily
Digestion, is not only the main food of China, the most also there are about half population with rice as staple food.Oryza glutinosa side-product purposes
Extensively, its Testa oryzae is the concentrated feed of domestic animal, is also medical material；Rice husk can be as the raw material of industry；Caulis et Folium Oryzae is except making domestic animal
Outside feedstuff and Edible Fungi raw material and organic fertilizer, or the raw material of paper industry etc..
The method of raising seedling of Oryza sativa L. is a lot of at present, but seedling quality is the highest, and relatively costly, breeding utilization rate is low, and rice transplanting survives
Rate also cannot improve further, and type of rearing is improper, governs the raising of rice yield；In annual sowing season, always have
Small part peasant household cause raising rice seedlings owing to seedling process operation is improper during the cur of Oryza sativa L., rotten bud, and Oryza sativa L. is each
Plant the generation of pest and disease damage, cause rice yield to significantly reduce, have impact on the normal income of peasant.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provide a kind of industrial sprout cultivation low cost,
The seedling quality that obtains is high, the paddy rice nursery method that rice shoot survival rate after transplanting is high.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of rice mechanical transplanting industrial sprout cultivation method, including with
Lower step:
(1) seedling greenhouse is built: temperature indoor location supply and drain water system and spray system, outdoor construction rainwater collection pool,
Guarantee seedling water safety；
(2) seed selects and presoaking and germinating: according to different crops for rotation, breediness and safe full heading date, selects to be suitable for
The rice paddy seed of kind needed for local rice district；Carry out before sowing basking seeds, choose seeds, soak seed, sterilize and accelerating germination processes；
(3) streamline sowing: get out Sprout cultivation seeder, seedling Nutrition Soil (substrate) and seedling dish, precision drilling,
Before often batch is broadcast, application rate to be mixed up, Nutrition Soil amount, lid seed soil thickness and injection flow rate, finally transport to the seedling dish sowed
In greenhouse；
(4) seedbed management: carry out temperature control and humid control, seedling exercising management and pre-disease prevention；
(5) transplant: rice shoot reaches to transplant during transplanting standard, precisely determines land for growing field crops Basic Seedling, accurately control to plant
The degree of depth, improves and plants quality.
As preferably, greenhouse area 2000 described in step (1)～2500 square metres, use tier rack type multilamellar seedling,
3 layers of seedling frame, bottom overhead 10 centimetres, overhead 90 centimetres of intermediate layer, the superiors overhead 150 centimetres.
Preferred as another kind, bask seeds described in step (2) into: shine 1～2 day before conventional Rice planting seed, hybrid paddy rice
Seed airing is ventilated；
Described seed selection is: conventional Rice seed muddy water or mass ratio are sorting seed by salt water of 1:50, hybrid rice seed clear water
Hollow kernels is removed after soaking 1～2 hour；
Described seed soaking and sterilization combination are carried out, and add carbendazim, line bacterium is clear, bacterium worm clear or P applied levels seed soaking 1～2 during seed soaking
My god；
Described germination accelerating method includes being incubated germination hastening method and steam germination hastening method accelerating germination.
Preferred as another kind, seedling Nutrition Soil described in step (3) selects 0-20 centimetre of topsoil aperture 4-6 milli
The sieve of rice, and cover agricultural film and make bed soil ripening；7-10 days prior to seeding, then admix strong by every 100 kilograms of bed soil
Seedling agent 1 kilogram.
As another kind preferably, described in step (3), the date of sowing is: past according to the 15-18 days length of time rice seedlings grow according to crops for rotation
Front reckoning sowing time, late rice calculates forward sowing time by the safe full heading date of kind.
Preferred as another kind, described in step (3), application rate is: often dish broadcasts dry seeds 100～120 grams, and show money or valuables one carries unintentionally bud
Paddy 130～150 grams (seedling dish length 60 centimetres, wide 30 centimetres)；Described Nutrition Soil amount is: in seedling dish Nutrition Soil thickness 2.5～
2.8 centimetre；Described lid seed soil thickness is 0.3～0.5 centimetre；Described injection flow rate is drenched with seedling block soil moisture, table soil not hydrops
It is as the criterion.
Preferred as another kind, the control of temperature described in step (4) is: early rice the 1st～2 day, opens to heat and sets night
Standby, temperature controls at 30～35 DEG C, and after neat Seedling, temperature controls at 20～25 DEG C；The single harvest rice is suitably heated depending on temperature situation
Accelerating germination, Qi Miaohou does not heats；When temperature is more than 25 DEG C, windows or enable wet curtain cooling system cooling；
Described humid control is: humid control is 80～90%, when humidity is too high, opens skylight or ventilation fan ventilation wet down；
When humidity is too low, open indoor spray irrigation system humidification；
The management of described seedling exercising is: starting, after neat Seedling, the seedling exercising that ventilates, a leaf is gradually increased ventilation, temperature of shed control the most afterwards
System is at 20～25 DEG C, and dish soil keeps moistening, moisturizing of spraying water in time.
Described pre-disease prevention is: spray one time " fenaminosulf " 500 times of liquid after neat Seedling, sprays " transplanting spirit " after the week
Diseases prevention inspires root, transfers medicine with " fenaminosulf " 500 times of liquid as sending before transplanting.
Preferred as another kind, standard of transplanting described in step (5) is: leaf age is less than 3 leaf 1 hearts, the length of time rice seedlings grow 15～
18 days, plant height 12～17 centimetres, Miao Ji is thick in 2.5 millimeters, and indefinite radical is more than 11, and leaf length is long more than sheath,
Seedling block length 58cm, wide 28cm, leaf color is bud green, without yellow leaf, without disease pest.
Preferred as another kind, precisely determine described in step (5) that land for growing field crops Basic Seedling is: by rice transplanter cave away from being adjusted to
Little 11.7～12.0 centimetres, stripping and slicing area 1.75 square centimeters, every cave Seedling number is no less than 3.5 Seedlings, and the speed of travel controls
2 grades；Real slotting 1.75 ten thousand caves/mu, Basic Seedling 6.5～7.0 ten thousand, it is mu that spike number type or fringe grain take into account type kind Planting Densities
The kind that 1.7～1.9 ten thousand caves, every cave 3 Seedling, early-maturing variety or stooling are good, every cave 4 Seedling.
Preferred as another kind, the regulation of transplant depth described in step (5) controls at 1.5-2.5 centimetre；Described raising is planted
Slotting quality is: whole ground, machine transplanting of rice rice land for growing field crops Tian Ping to be accomplished, full field difference of height is less than 3 centimetres, the table upper rotten lower reality of soil；For
Prevent from stopping up mud, need heavy real after leveling paddy field, heavy real 1 day of sandy soil, heavy real 1～2 day of loam, heavy real 2～3 days of clay,
Until mud sediment, table soil is neither too hard, nor too soft, operation time do not fall into machine, keep the thin water machine transplanting of rice.
Beneficial effect: compare current raising rice seedlings technology, the present invention uses rice mechanical transplanting industrial sprout cultivation, it is possible to decrease plant
Plant cost, improve the quality of seedlings, efficiently solve that seedling labour force is nervous, seedling-cultivation technique level is low, the quality of seedlings is poor
Etc. problem, the enthusiasm of peasant planting Oryza sativa L. can be transferred, hence it is evident that contained to lay idle in rice field, to improve rice planting mechanization,
Grain-production stable development is significant.This method of raising seedling directly at greenhouse rice nursery, thus save seedbed, breeding,
Fertilizer, use water, recruitment and drought resisting, the process of sterilization, greatly reduce seedling cost, saved labour.It addition,
Use the seedling quality that method of raising seedling of the present invention obtains high, i.e. emergence rate is high, and Seedling body is healthy and strong, and turning green, it is fast to live, and carbon nitrogen contains
Measuring higher, rooting ability is relatively strong, thus improves the per mu yield of follow-up Oryza sativa L..
Detailed description of the invention
According to following embodiment, the present invention be may be better understood.But, as it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that reality
Execute the content described by example and be merely to illustrate the present invention, and should be also without limitation on not described in detail in claims
The present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Step 1, the construction of seedling greenhouse:
Can be selected for GLP832 type even an arch greenhouse (band sunshade net) or its modified model to build as seedling Factory Building, greenhouse
If time water flowing to be carried out, energising, passway, the smooth and compacting work such as place.Seedling greenhouse thing length, long from south to north can
Need and practical situation independent assortment according to producing, general thing length 45～55 meters, 50～60 meters long from south to north, single temperature
Room area 2000～2500 square metres, general greenhouse span 8 meters, spacing 4 meters, arch spacing 1 meter, shoulder height 3 meters,
Rise 4.8 meters, external sunshade net high 5.4 meters.Configuration greenhouse is basic, main body frame, and windowing in manual wound membrane side, can electricity consumption
Carry-over bar transmission external sunshade net, installs spray drip irrigation equipment etc..Temperature indoor location supply and drain water system and spray system, outdoor is built
If rainwater collection pool, it is ensured that seedling water safety.Greenhouse can use tier rack type multilamellar seedling, to improve land utilization ratio,
The work passageway building 1.3 meters wide in greenhouse every 1 meter of tier rack type multilamellar seedling.3 layers of seedling frame, general bottom from
10 centimetres of ground, overhead 90 centimetres of intermediate layer, the superiors overhead 150 centimetres, wherein intermediate layer is movable,
Intermediate layer seedling frame can be pulled to passageway, so that rice shoot obtains more scattered light.
Step 2, seed selects:
According to different crops for rotation, breediness and safe full heading date, the rice paddy seed of kind needed for the applicable local rice district of selection；
Corresponding different rice district, the kind selecting seed is: corresponding rice district, the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River: select excellent No. 1 of Y two, new two excellent
No. 6, excellent No. 1 of middle Zhejiang, interior 5 excellent 8015, excellent No. 8 of Luo, even round-grained rice 7 or the seeds of elegant water 134 kind；Corresponding China
Nan Daoqu: select special excellent 757, Tianyou998, Yuejingsimiao 2 or the seed of Tianyou 122 kind；Corresponding southwest rice
District: select preferably fragrant excellent 211, F excellent 498, interior 5 excellent 39 or the seed of No. 28 kinds of Chu's round-grained rice；Corresponding north paddyfield: choosing
Select dragon round-grained rice 25, logical standing grain 836, the seed of Shen Nong 9816 or peaceful No. 43 kinds of round-grained rice.
Step 3, presoaking and germinating:
The seed of seedling, will carry out bask seeds, choose seeds, soak seed, disinfection, improve germination percentage, regularity, minimizing
Seed is in spite of illness；Basking seeds, shine 1～2 day before conventional Rice planting seed, hybrid rice seed airing is ventilated；Elite seed,
Conventional Rice seed muddy water or mass ratio are sorting seed by salt water of 1:50, after hybrid rice seed soaks 1～2 hour with clear water
Remove hollow kernels；Seed soaking, the length of seed soaking time, different because of water temperature, during late rice seed-soaking water temperature higher (temperature be 30～
35 DEG C), to soak 1～2 day, seed soaking seed disinfection to be combined is carried out, and adds that appropriate carbendazim, line bacterium be clear, bacterium worm during seed soaking
Clear or P applied levels is soaked seed 1～2 day, can effectively prevent bakanae disease, the rice white tip etc. propagated by seed rice, leaching
Accelerating germination after Zhong, accelerating germination, it is desirable to reach fast, neat, even, strong, i.e. accelerating germination 2～3 days germination percentages more than 90%, bud paddy is uniform
Unanimously, radical bud is sturdy, bud color is the brightest, one paddy of root length, and half paddy of bud length, when sowing for Single Late Rice, temperature is
Height, bud paddy shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, and germination accelerating method includes being incubated germination hastening method and steam germination hastening method accelerating germination, and insulation germination hastening method is by leaching well
Seed large bamboo or wicker basket or the Fibre Bag of sterilization install, and are placed in the space with warmer；Described steam germination hastening method
After the seed large bamboo or wicker basket of good for leaching sterilization is installed, steam-inflated plastic shroud on large bamboo or wicker basket outer housing, the steam of 100 DEG C are imported in steam-inflated plastic shroud；
Semilate rice and late rice take the method presoaking and germinating of " three leaching three dew "；
Step 4, streamline sowing:
(1) material prepares: get out the materials such as Sprout cultivation seeder, seedling Nutrition Soil (substrate), seedling dish, fortune seedling car.Broadcast
The machine of kind can be selected for the 2BL-280A type seeder that Jiangsu Yun Ma machinery company's produces, and seedling Nutrition Soil can be selected for 0-20 li
The rice topsoil sieve of aperture 4-6 millimeter, and cover agricultural film and make bed soil ripening；Battalion's bed soil is prepared enough by mu area of field
100 kilograms；Within 7～10 days before premature rice, admix strong seedling agent 1 kilogram by every 100 kilograms of bed soil again, mix thoroughly and make Nutrition Soil
Standby, general each seedling dish soil loading amount is 3.5～4.0 kilograms.As selected substrate seedling, the substrate of current various places application
Seedling kind is more, can select the type being suitable for by treatment in accordance with local conditions, and substrate 120 kg is prepared enough in general every mu of land for growing field crops.Seedling dish selects
Select 9 cun of plastics hard disks, prepare enough 25～30 hard disks for every mu.
(2) sowing time: the seedling age elasticity of transplanting is little, it is necessary to calculate forward according to the length of time rice seedlings grow 15～18 days according to crops for rotation and broadcast
Kind of phase, late rice must calculate forward sowing time by the safe full heading date of kind, produce can only the seedling such as field, can not the field such as seedling.
As big in machine transplanting of rice area, rice transplanting progress to be arranged properly, the most in batches according to rice transplanter work efficiency and tractor driver proficiency level
Sowing, it is ensured that batch batch of the right age transplanting of rice shoot.
(3) precision drilling: application rate to be mixed up, Nutrition Soil amount, lid seed soil thickness and injection flow rate before often batch is broadcast.Often
Rule japonica rice often dish broadcasts dry seeds 100～120 grams, and show money or valuables one carries unintentionally bud paddy 130～150 grams, and quantitative by dish, two broadcast a benefit, totally
Uniformly.Dish inner bottom part Nutrition Soil thickness 2.5～2.8 centimetres, thickness of earth covering 0.3～0.5 centimetre, injection flow rate is at the bottom of with seedling block
Moisture in the soil is drenched, and table soil not hydrops is as the criterion.
(4) fortune dish is added: the seedling dish sowed can be transported in greenhouse by flat car, being alignd by seedling dish of monolayer seedling
On the ground.Tier rack type seedling by seedling dish to being placed on seedling frame, put order first sowing be placed on upper strata,
Secondary broadcast be placed on middle level, then broadcast be placed on bottom.
Step 5, seedbed management:
The quality of seedbed management is the key of seedling success or failure, mainly carries out the work such as temperature, humidity, seedling exercising, disease control.
(1) temperature controls: early rice the 1st～2 day, opens warming-up device night, and temperature controls at 30～35 DEG C, Qi Miao
Rear temperature controls at 20～25 DEG C；The single harvest rice is suitably heated accelerating germination depending on temperature situation, need not heat after neat Seedling；When temperature surpasses
When crossing 25 DEG C, window or enable wet curtain cooling system cooling.
(2) humid control: humid control is 80～90%.When humidity is too high, open skylight or ventilation fan ventilation wet down.
When humidity is too low, open indoor spray irrigation system humidification.
(3) seedling exercising management: must early seedling exercising, anti-excessive growth, start, after neat Seedling, the seedling exercising that ventilates, a leaf wholeheartedly after gradually add
Big ventilation, temperature of shed controls at 20～25 DEG C.Dish soil should keep moistening, as dish soil turn white, rice shoot leaf roll, morning
Blade tip should be sprayed water moisturizing in time without the globule.Early stage is not sprayed water, and later stage temperature is high, and evaporation capacity is big, spray one in about a day
All over water.
(4) pre-disease prevention: spray one time " fenaminosulf " 500 times of liquid after neat Seedling, sprays " transplanting spirit " diseases prevention after the week
Inspire root, accomplish fluently before transplanting to send and transfer medicine.
Step 6, a seedling fortune seedling:
(1) standard is transplanted: require that leaf age is less than 3 leaf 1 hearts, the length of time rice seedlings grow 15～18 days, plant height 12～17 centimetres, Seedling
Base is thick in 2.5 millimeters, and indefinite radical is more than 11, and leaf length is long more than sheath, seedling block length 58cm, wide 28cm, leaf
Color is bud green, without yellow leaf, without disease pest.
(2) start shipment seedling program: according to the length of time rice seedlings grow with plant progress, play seedling when transplanting, accomplish with rising, with fortune, with cultivation.
Step 7, transplants:
The regulation of the calculating of basic seedling amount to be carried out, transplant depth during shoot transplanting equipment, and improve and plant other of quality and join
Set measure.
(1) land for growing field crops Basic Seedling is precisely determined: by rice transplanter cave away from being adjusted to minimum 11.7～12.0 centimetres, stripping and slicing area 1.75
Square centimeter, every cave Seedling number is no less than 3.5 Seedlings, and the speed of travel controls at 2 grades.Real slotting 1.75 ten thousand caves/mu, Basic Seedling
6.5～7.0 ten thousand, it is mu 1.7～1.9 ten thousand cave that spike number type or fringe grain take into account type kind Planting Densities, every cave 3 Seedling, precocious
Kind or the good kind of stooling, every cave 4 Seedling.
(2) accurately controlling transplant depth: planted deep, alive slow, and tiller is postponed, and tillering node raises, ground
Lower internode elongation, colony's spike number wretched insufficiency；Planted shallow, easily caused drift seedling.Practice have shown that, rice is planted deeply in the machine transplanting of rice
Degree regulation controls to be conducive to high yield at 2.0 centimetres.
(3) quality is planted in raising: whole ground, machine transplanting of rice rice land for growing field crops Tian Ping to be accomplished, full field difference of height is less than 3 centimetres, table
Rotten lower reality on soil.For preventing from stopping up mud, need heavy real after leveling paddy field, heavy real about 1 day of sandy soil, loam heavy real 1～2
My god, heavy real 2～3 days of clay, until mud sediment, table soil is neither too hard, nor too soft, operation time do not fall into machine, keep the thin water machine transplanting of rice.Want
Adjust seeding row spacing, make Planting Densities meet the rational density requirement of design, regulate seedling pawl seedling taking area, make to plant cave Seedling number
Meet plan and plant Seedling number, improve and chain box quality is installed, loosen chaining, fore patch ground, insert the most homogeneous.Field water
It is suitable deeply to want, and water layer is too deep, easily floats seedling, seedling laying, and water layer is the most simple and easy causes hindering seedling, empty insert.General water depth keeps
1～3cm, it is beneficial to clean seedling pawl, does not the most float the most empty inserting, it is possible to decrease leakage cave rate, it is ensured that enough Seedling numbers.Machine to be trained
Hands, skilled operation.Walking specification, connects row accurately, reduces leakage and inserts, improves the uniformity, accomplish not float seedling, the seedling that do not becomes silted up,
Do not hook seedling, do not hinder seedling.
Test case:
Test example 1:
Institute the most same as in Example 1, difference be seedling raising method be machine transplanting of rice floppy disk mud seedling (embodiment 1
Use machine transplanting of rice industrial sprout cultivation)
Machine transplanting of rice floppy disk mud seedling with machine transplanting of rice industrial sprout cultivation difference is: the former directly takes mud seedling from rice seedling bed, is not required to
Want seedling raising ground substance, can gather materials on the spot, solve the problem that bed soil is difficult, nutrition fine earth soil source is not enough that takes, but often mud
Nutritional labeling is the most complete, have impact on the quality of rice shoot.And the latter is using substrate as seedling medium, use machinery flowing water
Line is sowed, and carries out single or multiple lift and concentrate the seedling raising method of seedling in greenhouse.Because matrix nutrition composition is complete, it is bred as
Seedling quality just relatively the highest.
Experimental example: experimental plot nursery effect is verified
Within 2015, take with a collection of same kind rice paddy seed (south round-grained rice 46) on Jiangsu Polytechnic College of Agriculture and Forestry's practice farm
Carry out seedling test, be set to compare 1 group, compare 2 groups, embodiment 1 group and test example 1 group, compare 1 group and adopt
Carry out seedling by conventional water-raised seedling method, compare 2 groups and use direct sowing of rice technology to produce；On test example 1 group uses
State test example 1 method；Embodiment 1 group uses the embodiment of the present invention 1 method to carry out nursery, investigates emerging of each group of Oryza sativa L.
Rate and growing state, results investigate per mu yield.Result see table 1:
Table 1 respectively organizes rice seedling rate, height of seedling, leaf age and per mu yield
Can be obtained by upper table result, compare water-raised seedling technology and the direct seeding technique of routine, rice mechanical transplanting batch production of the present invention is educated
Seedling method emergence rate significantly improves, and rooting ability is strong, and simultaneously after gained rice transplanting, per mu yield also dramatically increases.
Additionally, the inventive method gained rice seedlings body is healthy and strong, work of turning green is fast, and carbon nitrogen content is higher, and rooting ability is stronger.
And directly at greenhouse rice nursery, thus save seedbed, breeding, fertilizer, use water, recruitment and drought resisting, the mistake of sterilization
Journey, greatly reduces seedling cost, has saved labour.
Oryza sativa L. water-raised seedling is that non watered ploughing dry harrow-like implement for pulverizing soil dry harrowing does seedling plate, and after leveling, upper water is tested flat, then sows, and keeps before tri-leaf period
Having water in ditch, after tri-leaf period, the method for raising seedling of water layer is set up in furrow face.And rice mechanical transplanting industrial sprout cultivation is using substrate as educating
Seedling medium.Use the sowing of mechanical flow waterline, in greenhouse, carry out single or multiple lift concentrate the seedling raising method of seedling.
Claims (10)
1. a rice mechanical transplanting industrial sprout cultivation method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) seedling greenhouse is built: temperature indoor location supply and drain water system and spray system, outdoor construction rainwater collection pool,
Guarantee seedling water safety；
(2) seed selects and presoaking and germinating: according to different crops for rotation, breediness and safe full heading date, selects to be suitable for
The rice paddy seed of kind needed for local rice district；Carry out before sowing basking seeds, choose seeds, soak seed, sterilize and accelerating germination processes；
(3) streamline sowing: get out Sprout cultivation seeder, seedling Nutrition Soil (substrate) and seedling dish, precision drilling,
Before often batch is broadcast, application rate to be mixed up, Nutrition Soil amount, lid seed soil thickness and injection flow rate, finally transport to the seedling dish sowed
In greenhouse；
(4) seedbed management: carry out temperature control and humid control, seedling exercising management and pre-disease prevention；
(5) transplant: rice shoot reaches to transplant during transplanting standard, precisely determines land for growing field crops Basic Seedling, accurately control to plant
The degree of depth, improves and plants quality.
Rice mechanical transplanting industrial sprout cultivation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute in step (1)
State greenhouse area 2000～2500 square metres, use tier rack type multilamellar seedling, 3 layers of seedling frame, bottom overhead 10 lis
Rice, overhead 90 centimetres of intermediate layer, the superiors overhead 150 centimetres.
Rice mechanical transplanting industrial sprout cultivation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute in step (2)
State bask seeds into: before conventional Rice planting seed shine 1～2 day, hybrid rice seed airing ventilate；
Described seed selection is: conventional Rice seed muddy water or mass ratio are sorting seed by salt water of 1:50, hybrid rice seed clear water
Hollow kernels is removed after soaking 1～2 hour；
Described seed soaking and sterilization combination are carried out, and add carbendazim, line bacterium is clear, bacterium worm clear or P applied levels seed soaking 1～2 during seed soaking
My god；
Described germination accelerating method includes being incubated germination hastening method and steam germination hastening method accelerating germination.
Rice mechanical transplanting industrial sprout cultivation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute in step (3)
State seedling Nutrition Soil and select the sieve of 0-20 centimetre of topsoil aperture 4-6 millimeter, and cover agricultural film and make bed soil ripening；
7-10 days prior to seeding, then admix strong seedling agent 1 kilogram by every 100 kilograms of bed soil.
Rice mechanical transplanting industrial sprout cultivation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute in step (3)
The date stating sowing is: calculated forward sowing time according to crops for rotation according to the 15-18 days length of time rice seedlings grow, and late rice is by the neat fringe of the safety of kind
Phase calculates forward sowing time.
Rice mechanical transplanting industrial sprout cultivation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute in step (3)
Stating application rate is: described seedling dish length 60 centimetres, wide 30 centimetres；Often dish broadcasts dry seeds 100～120 grams, and show money or valuables one carries unintentionally bud paddy
130～150 grams；Described Nutrition Soil amount is: Nutrition Soil thickness 2.5～2.8 centimetres in seedling dish；Described lid seed soil thickness is
0.3～0.5 centimetre；Described injection flow rate is drenched with seedling block soil moisture, and table soil not hydrops is as the criterion.
Rice mechanical transplanting industrial sprout cultivation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute in step (4)
Stating temperature control is: early rice the 1st～2 day, opens warming-up device night, and temperature controls at 30～35 DEG C, temperature after neat Seedling
Degree controls at 20～25 DEG C；The single harvest rice is suitably heated accelerating germination depending on temperature situation, and Qi Miaohou does not heats；When temperature is more than 25 DEG C
Time, window or enable wet curtain cooling system cooling；
Described humid control is: humid control is 80～90%, when humidity is too high, opens skylight or ventilation fan ventilation wet down；
When humidity is too low, open indoor spray irrigation system humidification；
The management of described seedling exercising is: starting, after neat Seedling, the seedling exercising that ventilates, a leaf is gradually increased ventilation, temperature of shed control the most afterwards
System is at 20～25 DEG C, and dish soil keeps moistening, moisturizing of spraying water in time.
Described pre-disease prevention is: spray one time " fenaminosulf " 500 times of liquid after neat Seedling, sprays " transplanting spirit " after the week
Diseases prevention inspires root, transfers medicine with " fenaminosulf " 500 times of liquid as sending before transplanting.
Rice mechanical transplanting industrial sprout cultivation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute in step (5)
Stating transplanting standard is: leaf age be less than 3 leaf 1 hearts, the length of time rice seedlings grow 15～18 days, plant height 12～17 centimetres, Miao Ji thick in
2.5 millimeters, indefinite radical is more than 11, and leaf length is long more than sheath, seedling block length 58cm, wide 28cm, leaf color is bud green,
Without yellow leaf, without disease pest.
Rice mechanical transplanting industrial sprout cultivation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute in step (5)
State and precisely determine that land for growing field crops Basic Seedling is: by rice transplanter cave away from being adjusted to minimum 11.7～12.0 centimetres, stripping and slicing area 1.75 squares
Centimetre, every cave Seedling number is no less than 3.5 Seedlings, and the speed of travel controls at 2 grades；Real 1.75 ten thousand caves/mu of inserting, Basic Seedling 6.5～
7.0 ten thousand, it is mu 1.7～1.9 ten thousand cave that spike number type or fringe grain take into account type kind Planting Densities, every cave 3 Seedling, early-maturing variety or
The kind that stooling is good, every cave 4 Seedling.
Rice mechanical transplanting industrial sprout cultivation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (5)
The regulation of described transplant depth controls at 1.5-2.5 centimetre；Quality is planted in described raising: whole ground, machine transplanting of rice rice land for growing field crops to be accomplished
Tian Ping, full field difference of height is less than 3 centimetres, the table upper rotten lower reality of soil；For preventing from stopping up mud, need heavy real after leveling paddy field, husky
Heavy real 1 day of matter soil, heavy real 1～2 day of loam, heavy real 2～3 days of clay, treat mud sediment, table soil is neither too hard, nor too soft, make
Do not fall into machine during industry, keep the thin water machine transplanting of rice.
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| CN106897939A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-06-27 | 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所 | A kind of method for weighing strengthening seedling of rice machine quality |
| CN107018780A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-08-08 | 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所 | Wheat seedling disk blanket seedling machine transplanting of rice method for transplanting |
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| CN110050652A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-07-26 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of hybrid paddy rice Low seeding rate precision drilling seedling strong sprout is at blanket method |
| CN110235759A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-17 | 蚌埠绿都秸秆生物科技有限公司 | Based on rice seedling raising tray made of straw from field without native paddy rice nursery method and equipment |
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| CN109588241A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-04-09 | 合肥市合丰种业有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of rice |
| CN110050652A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-07-26 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of hybrid paddy rice Low seeding rate precision drilling seedling strong sprout is at blanket method |
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