CN106258519A - A kind of oil tea seedling engrafting method - Google Patents
A kind of oil tea seedling engrafting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106258519A CN106258519A CN201610743127.1A CN201610743127A CN106258519A CN 106258519 A CN106258519 A CN 106258519A CN 201610743127 A CN201610743127 A CN 201610743127A CN 106258519 A CN106258519 A CN 106258519A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the reproduction technique field of oil tea nursery stock, being specifically related to a kind of oil tea seedling engrafting method, the method includes that Seed of Camellia oleifera prepares, nursery lot prepares, nursery lot is sterilized, sows, set up the steps such as cool canopy, seedling breeding management, scion collection, grafting, managing after grafting.Empirical tests: the oil tea seedling engrafting method of the present invention, seed germination rate arrives 100%, and seed seedling is healthy and strong, and growing state is consistent；Typically through 89 months cultivating and managinges after planting seed, i.e. can reach plant diameter 1.8 3.0mm that can carry out grafting；The graft survival rate of oil tea seedling reaches more than 95%, outplanting rate more than 90%, the problem solving different cultivars incompatibility, achieve oil tea seedling stock grafting seedling high-survival rate, the oil tea Seedling well developed root system of grafting survival, grow fine, blade face plump, without pest and disease damage, improve outplanting rate, and cultivate oil of high quality tea shoot wood, there is important actual application value.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to the Cultivating techniques field of oil tea nursery stock, be specifically related to a kind of oil tea seedling engrafting method.
[background technology]
Oil tea is the distinctive important edible oil materials seeds of China, and strong adaptability is drought-resistant, barren, suitable southern hills mountain
District plants.Oleum Camelliae unsaturated fatty acid content reaches 94%, for the hat in crude vegetal, is the oily and pure sky of high-quality functional health
Right non-polluted edible oil.
Oil tea (Camellia oleifera) is the evergreen dungarunga of Theaceae Camellia, is the important woody edible oil of China
Material seeds, with Elaeis guineensis Jacq., Fructus Canarii albi, Cortex cocois radicis referred to as big woody edible oil seeds in the world four.Oleum Camelliae is green health edible oil, enjoys
The good reputation of " east olive oil ".The content of the unsaturated fatty acid in Oleum Camelliae accounts for the 90% of total fatty acid content, and wherein oleic acid contains
Amount up to about 83.3%, contributes to maintaining human brain cellularity, reduces the decline of memory, and can prevent cardiovascular diseases.Tea
Possibly together with abundant Ve, Vd, Vk, carotene and Squalene in oil, wherein Squalene is the active component of a kind of Polyphenols, has
The strongest oxygen-enriched ability, has anti-hypoxia, resisting fatigue, raising body immunity and promotes the function of gastrointestinal absorption.In recent years
At home and abroad being increasingly subject to pay attention to, international food and agricultural organization has been classified as the health type edible oil that emphasis is promoted.
It is day by day required that oil tea cultivation not only meets people's life, to transforming agricultural production, developing rural economy, structure
Harmonious society's structural meaning is great.China's oil tea plantation is with a long history, the improved seeds of oil tea, clone, family and farmers''s product
Plant various, the strain the most identifying merit is all used vegetative method expanding propagation.Along with oil tea cultivated area
Expansion, on market, the demand to oil tea excellent strain nursery stock increases day by day.
At present, oil tea seedling graft technology has tended to ripe, but survival rate is the most on the low side, and only about 70%, to excellent
The waste of good scion is more serious.The oil tea scion of grafting different cultivars on seedling anvil, the survival rate of grafting also obvious difference,
Low only 25%.After grafting in 0d to 7d, the mortality rate of grafting colony is close to 0%；The time of mortality plant occurs
Being 8d after grafting, mortality rate is 1.57%；Thereafter mortality rate steeply rises, and after grafting, 16d peaks, for
5.07%；To grafting, 20d drops sharply to again 1.52%；The mortality rate of the 35d grafting to grafting is at 1%-
Between 1.8%；Mortality rate falls back to 0% afterwards.
In the critical period of oil tea seedling grafting survival is month after grafting, the particularly front 16d after grafting.
During the oil tea grafting of different cultivars, the affinity performance of anvil fringe there are differences, and is also the technology bottle of oil tea improved seeds nursery stock production
One of neck.The healing success or not of oil tea seedling grafting is the key factor affecting graft survival rate, and oil tea seedling is transferred
Though grafting survives in seedlings picking cultivating process, but the conditional regulatory such as external environment such as light, temperature, water, fertilizer and pest and disease damage are not
Rationally, causing out nursery stock outplanting rate low, the present stage outplanting rate of oil tea seedling stock grafting seedling is only about 50%, far away can not
Meet the market demand to fine quality oil tea Seedling.
[summary of the invention]
The present invention is directed to the deficiency that prior art exists, it is therefore intended that a kind of oil tea seedling engrafting method is provided, uses
During the method can effectively solve oil tea seedling anvil graft seedling growth, the low problem with incompatibility of graft survival rate.
The present invention seeks to be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of oil tea seedling engrafting method, including oil tea kind
Son prepares, nursery lot prepares, nursery lot is sterilized, sows, set up cool canopy, seedling breeding management, scion collection, grafting, grafting
Rear management, concretely comprises the following steps:
(1) Seed of Camellia oleifera prepares: after the annual Frost's Descent, and camellia oleifera fruit is placed on 7-10 at ventilation, cool place by recovery of oil tea fruit
My god, allow camellia oleifera fruit shell natural cracking, then break into two with one's hands with hands, collect Semen Camelliae, pick that grain is big, full, Semen Camelliae without insect pest
As seedling stock breeder seed, shine 3-4 days, standby；
(2) nursery lot prepares: select the loess plot that sunny, irrigation and drainage are convenient, leeward, to the plot selected, at least
In the beginning in first 1 month of sowing Seed of Camellia oleifera wholely, removing ground weeds, then start to make seedbed, seedbed ploughed depth is 15-22
Centimetre, seedbed width 1.1-1.2 rice, high 12-16 centimetre, after seedbed performs, on seedbed by every mu of ground organic fertilizer 500 kilograms,
Compound fertilizer 150 kilograms, rice husk ash 70 kilograms, 70 kilograms of bagasse powder, sodium ammonium biphosphate 50 kilograms, biogas residue 70 kilograms make the end
Fertilizer, then ploughs under in seedbed soil, mixes thoroughly with seedbed soil, waters permeable；Described bagasse powder be bagasse is dried after be ground into
Powder less than 3mm；Described biogas residue is that Organic substance remaining material after fully fermentation dries and get final product in methane-generating pit, if remaining
Material to dry rear granule bigger, it is possible to be ground into powder further；
(3) nursery lot sterilization: before sowing Seed of Camellia oleifera, with the potassium permanganate solution that concentration is 0.8～1.0 ‰ or
600-800 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder aqueous solution or the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that concentration is 1.5～2.0 ‰, right
After seedbed carries out spray disinfectant, set up bamboo shelf immediately, then on bamboo shelf, cover thin film and seedbed is covered, thin film surrounding
Use soil pressure tightening seal, Nausea drying 7～10 days；Before sowing 1-2 days, film hood two ends, seedbed are opened, allows cross-ventilation；
(4) sowing: by No. ABT1 or ABT2 life of step (1) ready Seed of Camellia oleifera concentration 300-400mg/L
Root powder solution soaking, soak time is 30-40 minute, pulls out afterwards and uses clear water rinsed clean, opens seedbed film hood, by seedbed
Water permeable, Seed of Camellia oleifera pressed seeding row spacing 15 × 15cm basin listing on seedbed, on seedbed, then cover one layer of cover from sun,
Described cover from sun is preferably dry rice straw, sprays cover from sun with 600-800 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder aqueous solution the most drenched,
Cover back thin film, thin film surrounding soil pressure tightening seal, control thin film case temperature 20-25 DEG C, humidity at 65-70%, work as seed
After rudiment length is extremely higher than face, seedbed 3-5cm, remove the film hood in seedbed；
(5) cool canopy is set up: setting up cool canopy at nursery lot in time after having sowed, cool canopy height 2.4-2.8 rice, degree of shading exists
65%-75%；
(6) seedling breeding management: carry out seed Seedling daily eliminating insect, uprooting weed, fertilizing management, enter every other month
Row 1 time, until seed Seedling grows up to the seedling that plant diameter is 1.8-3.0mm, is ready for grafting；
Preferably, insect is eliminated described in for being 1.5 with 600-800 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder aqueous solution or concentration
～the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution of 2.0 ‰ sprays；Described fertilising is: sprays 200-300 times of soft methane tank fermentation and produces
Biogas slurry diluent；
(7) scion collection: select high yield, the high-quality camellia oleifera cultivar of disease and insect resistance, described high-quality camellia oleifera cultivar is switch oil
Cen soft No. 2 or soft No. 3 and the Cen You No. 2 or Cen You 3 of selection-breeding further of the Cen that tea kind, particularly Guangxi forest-science academy are cultivated
Number, the cloudy day or during the fine day morning 10 before, afternoon 5 time after gather scion, fringe bar selects area without shade, bud full, without pest and disease damage, growth
Good semi-lignified branch；
(8) grafting: carrying out grafting after processing seedling stock and scion, the process to seedling stock is: by stock
Stem vertical cross stays 5-6cm, splits deep 1.0-1.2cm from top to bottom；Process to scion is: scion bevel is whittled into thin wedge shape,
Long incision limit 1-1.5cm, minor face 0.5-0.8cm, scion retains 1 bud 1 leaf, and bud is full, healthy and strong, the scion cut in
0.5mg·L-1No. 3 root-inducing powder+0.5mg L of ABT-1The solution of 6-benzyl aminopurine (6-BA) soaks grafting after 3-4min,
During grafting, scion is alignd with the cambium layer of stock, and the bevel of scion shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.3-0.5mm, ties up interface with aluminium foil；
(9) managing after grafting: after grafting completes, the most again sets up bamboo shelf, spreads at bamboo shelf inside top flexible pipe
If automatic spraying device, then on bamboo shelf, cover thin film and seedbed is covered, thin film surrounding soil pressure tightening seal, control Seedling
Temperature in bed film hood is 28-32 DEG C, humidity is 90-95%, every 5-7 days after grafting, uses 0.5mg L-16-benzyl ammonia
Base purine (6-BA) solution squirts grafting once, accelerates grafting mouth vascular bundle cambium layer and is formed, until grafting fringe rudiment；?
Rudiment to stock in 25-30 days, except sprouting, leaves behind the scion bud sprouted；Carry out daily eliminating insect, uprooting weed, fertilising, every
Within 30 days, carry out 1 time, until outplanting.Preferably, described fertilising is: when seedling grafting survival, scion sprouting attenuating extremely
More than 5cm, sprayed the biogas slurry diluent of 250-300 times of soft methane tank fermentation generation once every 30 days.
After scion extracts sprouting 1.5-2 month out, carry out seedling exercising.Described seedling exercising is 7-8 point every morning, by spray automatically
Shower device spray water 10-15 minute, then opens the thin film of seedbed two-port, allows cross-ventilation, afternoon 6-7 point, seedbed two
The thin film of port is built, and by automatic spraying device spray water 15-20 minute, persistently carries out 7-10 days, removes thin film afterwards.
Compared with prior art, the method have the advantages that
(1) present invention by select camellia oleifera fruit gather opportunity and processing mode, Semen Camelliae seed is carried out immersion treatment,
When seedling is cultivated in sowing, control temperature 20-25 DEG C, humidity 65-70% so that seed germination rate arrives 100%, and seed
Seedling is healthy and strong, and growing state is consistent.
(2) present invention comes according to oil tea seedling root growth feature (such as acid of need to breathing freely, like, happiness is fertile, be afraid of the wet drought of fearness again etc.)
The nursery lot selected is applied fertilizer to the subsoil and nurses one's health the physical and chemical character of soil so that oil tea seedling well developed root system, growing way
Well, growth rapidly, blade face plump, without pest and disease damage, typically through the individual month cultivating and managing of 8-9 after planting seed, i.e. can reach can
To carry out the plant diameter 1.8-3.0mm of grafting.
(3) the present invention is directed to grafting mouth development characteristics, by the scion that cuts in 0.5mg L-1No. 3 root-inducing powders of ABT+
0.5mg·L-1Grafting again after soaking in the solution of 6-benzyl aminopurine (6-BA), every 5-7 days after grafting, uses 0.5mg L-1
6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) solution squirts grafting once, accelerates grafting mouth vascular bundle and is formed, greatly improves grafting
Motility rate and outplanting rate, be the innovative point of present invention maximum.The oil tea Seedling well developed root system of grafting survival, grow fine, blade face is plump,
Without pest and disease damage, improve outplanting rate.
(4) the oil tea seedling engrafting method of the present invention, empirical tests: the graft survival rate of oil tea Seedling reaches more than 95%,
Outplanting rate more than 90%, the problem of affinity when solving different cultivars grafting.Achieve oil tea seedling stock grafting seedling height
Motility rate, high outplanting rate, and cultivate oil of high quality tea shoot wood, there is important actual application value.
[detailed description of the invention]
The following examples can help those skilled in the art that the present invention is more fully understood, but cannot be with any
Mode limits the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of oil tea seedling engrafting method, including Seed of Camellia oleifera preparation, nursery lot preparation, nursery lot sterilization, sowing, frame
If the management of cool canopy, seedling breeding, scion collection, grafting, managing after grafting, concretely comprise the following steps:
(1) Seed of Camellia oleifera prepares: after the annual Frost's Descent, and camellia oleifera fruit is placed on 7-10 at ventilation, cool place by recovery of oil tea fruit
My god, allow camellia oleifera fruit shell natural cracking, then break into two with one's hands with hands, collect Semen Camelliae, pick that grain is big, full, Semen Camelliae without insect pest
As seedling stock breeder seed, shine 3-4 days, standby；
(2) nursery lot prepares: select the loess plot that sunny, irrigation and drainage are convenient, leeward, to the plot selected, at least
In the beginning in first 1 month of sowing Seed of Camellia oleifera wholely, removing ground weeds, then start to make seedbed, seedbed ploughed depth is 15-22
Centimetre, seedbed width 1.1-1.2 rice, high 12-16 centimetre, after seedbed performs, on seedbed by every mu of ground organic fertilizer 500 kilograms,
Compound fertilizer 150 kilograms, rice husk ash 70 kilograms, 70 kilograms of bagasse powder, sodium ammonium biphosphate 50 kilograms, biogas residue 70 kilograms make the end
Fertilizer, then ploughs under in seedbed soil, mixes thoroughly with seedbed soil, waters permeable；
(3) nursery lot sterilization: before sowing Seed of Camellia oleifera, with the potassium permanganate solution that concentration is 0.8～1.0 ‰ or
600-800 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder aqueous solution or the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that concentration is 1.5～2.0 ‰, right
After seedbed carries out spray disinfectant, set up bamboo shelf immediately, then on bamboo shelf, cover thin film and seedbed is covered, thin film surrounding
Use soil pressure tightening seal, Nausea drying 7～10 days；Before sowing 1-2 days, film hood two ends, seedbed are opened, allows cross-ventilation；
(4) sowing: by No. ABT1 or ABT2 root-inducing powder of step (1) ready Seed of Camellia oleifera concentration 300mg/L
Solution soaking, soak time is 40 minutes, pulls out afterwards and uses clear water rinsed clean, open seedbed film hood, is watered in seedbed permeable,
Seed of Camellia oleifera is pressed seeding row spacing 15 × 15cm basin listing on seedbed, on seedbed, then cover one layer of cover from sun, described screening
Penis is preferably dry rice straw, sprays cover from sun with 600-800 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder aqueous solution the most drenched, covers back thin
Film, thin film surrounding soil pressure tightening seal, control thin film case temperature 20-25 DEG C, humidity at 65-70%, when seed germination is long
After higher than face, seedbed 3-5cm, remove the film hood in seedbed；
(5) cool canopy is set up: setting up cool canopy at nursery lot in time after having sowed, cool canopy height 2.4-2.8 rice, degree of shading exists
65%-75%；
(6) seedling breeding management: carry out seed Seedling daily eliminating insect, uprooting weed, fertilizing management, enter every other month
Row 1 time, until seed Seedling grows up to the seedling that plant diameter is 1.8-3.0mm, is ready for grafting；Described eliminate insect for use
600-800 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder aqueous solution or the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that concentration is 1.5～2.0 ‰ spray
Execute；Described fertilising is: spray the biogas slurry diluent that 200 times of soft methane tank fermentations produce；
(7) scion collection: select high yield, the high-quality camellia oleifera cultivar of disease and insect resistance, described high-quality camellia oleifera cultivar is switch oil
Cen soft No. 2 or soft No. 3 and the Cen You No. 2 or Cen You 3 of selection-breeding further of the Cen that tea kind, particularly Guangxi forest-science academy are cultivated
Number, the cloudy day or during the fine day morning 10 before, afternoon 5 time after gather scion, fringe bar selects area without shade, bud full, without pest and disease damage, growth
Good semi-lignified branch；
(8) grafting: carrying out grafting after processing seedling stock and scion, the process to seedling stock is: by stock
Stem vertical cross stays 5-6cm, splits deep 1.0-1.2cm from top to bottom；Process to scion is: scion bevel is whittled into thin wedge shape,
Long incision limit 1-1.5cm, minor face 0.5-0.8cm, scion retains 1 bud 1 leaf, and bud is full, healthy and strong, the scion cut in
0.5mg·L-1No. 3 root-inducing powder+0.5mg L of ABT-1The solution of 6-benzyl aminopurine (6-BA) soaks grafting after 3-4min,
During grafting, scion is alignd with the cambium layer of stock, and the bevel of scion shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.3-0.5mm, ties up interface with aluminium foil；
(9) managing after grafting: after grafting completes, the most again sets up bamboo shelf, spreads at bamboo shelf inside top flexible pipe
If automatic spraying device, then on bamboo shelf, cover thin film and seedbed is covered, thin film surrounding soil pressure tightening seal, control Seedling
Temperature in bed film hood is 28-32 DEG C, humidity is 90-95%, every 5-7 days after grafting, uses 0.5mg L-16-benzyl ammonia
Base purine (6-BA) solution squirts grafting once, accelerates grafting mouth vascular bundle cambium layer and is formed, until grafting fringe rudiment；?
Rudiment to stock in 25-30 days, except sprouting, leaves behind the scion bud sprouted；Carry out daily eliminating insect, uprooting weed, fertilising, every
Within 30 days, carrying out 1 time, described fertilising is: when seedling grafting survival, scion sprouting attenuating to more than 5cm, sprayed every 30 days
The biogas slurry diluent that the fermentation of 250 times of soft methane tanks produces once, until outplanting.
After scion extracts sprouting 1.5-2 month out, carry out seedling exercising.Described seedling exercising is 7-8 point every morning, by spray automatically
Shower device spray water 10-15 minute, then opens the thin film of seedbed two-port, allows cross-ventilation, afternoon 6-7 point, seedbed two
The thin film of port is built, and by automatic spraying device spray water 15-20 minute, persistently carries out 7-10 days, removes thin film afterwards.
Above-mentioned oil tea seedling engrafting method, empirical tests: seed germination rate arrives 100%, the graft survival rate of oil tea Seedling
Reach 96%, outplanting rate 92%, the problem solving different cultivars incompatibility.
Embodiment 2
A kind of oil tea seedling engrafting method, including Seed of Camellia oleifera preparation, nursery lot preparation, nursery lot sterilization, sowing, frame
If the management of cool canopy, seedling breeding, scion collection, grafting, managing after grafting, concretely comprise the following steps:
(1) Seed of Camellia oleifera prepares: after the annual Frost's Descent, and camellia oleifera fruit is placed on 7-10 at ventilation, cool place by recovery of oil tea fruit
My god, allow camellia oleifera fruit shell natural cracking, then break into two with one's hands with hands, collect Semen Camelliae, pick that grain is big, full, Semen Camelliae without insect pest
As seedling stock breeder seed, shine 3-4 days, standby；
(2) nursery lot prepares: select the loess plot that sunny, irrigation and drainage are convenient, leeward, to the plot selected, at least
In the beginning in first 1 month of sowing Seed of Camellia oleifera wholely, removing ground weeds, then start to make seedbed, seedbed ploughed depth is 15-22
Centimetre, seedbed width 1.1-1.2 rice, high 12-16 centimetre, after seedbed performs, on seedbed by every mu of ground organic fertilizer 500 kilograms,
Compound fertilizer 150 kilograms, rice husk ash 70 kilograms, 70 kilograms of bagasse powder, sodium ammonium biphosphate 50 kilograms, biogas residue 70 kilograms make the end
Fertilizer, then ploughs under in seedbed soil, mixes thoroughly with seedbed soil, waters permeable；
(3) nursery lot sterilization: before sowing Seed of Camellia oleifera, with the potassium permanganate solution that concentration is 0.8～1.0 ‰ or
600-800 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder aqueous solution or the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that concentration is 1.5～2.0 ‰, right
After seedbed carries out spray disinfectant, set up bamboo shelf immediately, then on bamboo shelf, cover thin film and seedbed is covered, thin film surrounding
Use soil pressure tightening seal, Nausea drying 7～10 days；Before sowing 1-2 days, film hood two ends, seedbed are opened, allows cross-ventilation；
(4) sowing: by No. ABT1 or ABT2 root-inducing powder of step (1) ready Seed of Camellia oleifera concentration 400mg/L
Solution soaking, soak time is 30 minutes, pulls out afterwards and uses clear water rinsed clean, open seedbed film hood, is watered in seedbed permeable,
Seed of Camellia oleifera is pressed seeding row spacing 15 × 15cm basin listing on seedbed, on seedbed, then cover one layer of cover from sun, described screening
Penis is preferably dry rice straw, sprays cover from sun with 600-800 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder aqueous solution the most drenched, covers back thin
Film, thin film surrounding soil pressure tightening seal, control thin film case temperature 20-25 DEG C, humidity at 65-70%, when seed germination is long
After higher than face, seedbed 3-5cm, remove the film hood in seedbed；
(5) cool canopy is set up: setting up cool canopy at nursery lot in time after having sowed, cool canopy height 2.4-2.8 rice, degree of shading exists
65%-75%；
(6) seedling breeding management: carry out seed Seedling daily eliminating insect, uprooting weed, fertilizing management, enter every other month
Row 1 time, until seed Seedling grows up to the seedling that plant diameter is 1.8-3.0mm, is ready for grafting；Described eliminate insect for use
600-800 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder aqueous solution or the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that concentration is 1.5～2.0 ‰ spray
Execute；Described fertilising is: spray the biogas slurry diluent that 300 times of soft methane tank fermentations produce；
(7) scion collection: select high yield, the high-quality camellia oleifera cultivar of disease and insect resistance, described high-quality camellia oleifera cultivar is switch oil
Cen soft No. 2 or soft No. 3 and the Cen You No. 2 or Cen You 3 of selection-breeding further of the Cen that tea kind, particularly Guangxi forest-science academy are cultivated
Number, the cloudy day or during the fine day morning 10 before, afternoon 5 time after gather scion, fringe bar selects area without shade, bud full, without pest and disease damage, growth
Good semi-lignified branch；
(8) grafting: carrying out grafting after processing seedling stock and scion, the process to seedling stock is: by stock
Stem vertical cross stays 5-6cm, splits deep 1.0-1.2cm from top to bottom；Process to scion is: scion bevel is whittled into thin wedge shape,
Long incision limit 1-1.5cm, minor face 0.5-0.8cm, scion retains 1 bud 1 leaf, and bud is full, healthy and strong, the scion cut in
0.5mg·L-1No. 3 root-inducing powder+0.5mg L of ABT-1The solution of 6-benzyl aminopurine (6-BA) soaks grafting after 3-4min,
During grafting, scion is alignd with the cambium layer of stock, and the bevel of scion shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.3-0.5mm, ties up interface with aluminium foil；
(9) managing after grafting: after grafting completes, the most again sets up bamboo shelf, spreads at bamboo shelf inside top flexible pipe
If automatic spraying device, then on bamboo shelf, cover thin film and seedbed is covered, thin film surrounding soil pressure tightening seal, control Seedling
Temperature in bed film hood is 28-32 DEG C, humidity is 90-95%, every 5-7 days after grafting, uses 0.5mg L-16-benzyl ammonia
Base purine (6-BA) solution squirts grafting once, accelerates grafting mouth vascular bundle cambium layer and is formed, until grafting fringe rudiment；?
Rudiment to stock in 25-30 days, except sprouting, leaves behind the scion bud sprouted；Carry out daily eliminating insect, uprooting weed, fertilising, every
Within 30 days, carrying out 1 time, described fertilising is: when seedling grafting survival, scion sprouting attenuating to more than 5cm, sprayed every 30 days
The biogas slurry diluent that the fermentation of 300 times of soft methane tanks produces once, until outplanting.
After scion extracts sprouting out 2 months, carry out seedling exercising.Described seedling exercising is 7-8 point every morning, is filled by automatic spray
Put spray water 10-15 minute, then open the thin film of seedbed two-port, allow cross-ventilation, afternoon 6-7 point, seedbed two-port
Thin film build, by automatic spraying device spray water 15-20 minute, persistently carry out 7-10 days, remove thin film afterwards.
Above-mentioned oil tea seedling engrafting method, empirical tests: seed germination rate arrives 100%, the graft survival rate of oil tea Seedling
Reach 97%, outplanting rate 93%, the problem solving different cultivars incompatibility.
Although, the present invention is described in detail the most with a general description of the specific embodiments, but
On the basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an oil tea seedling engrafting method, including Seed of Camellia oleifera preparation, nursery lot prepares, nursery lot is sterilized, sows, set up
The management of cool canopy, seedling breeding, scion collection, grafting, managing after grafting, it is characterised in that concretely comprise the following steps:
(1) Seed of Camellia oleifera prepares: after the annual Frost's Descent, recovery of oil tea fruit, is placed on by camellia oleifera fruit at ventilations, cool place 7-10 days, allows
Camellia oleifera fruit shell natural cracking, then breaks into two with one's hands with hands, collects Semen Camelliae, pick grain big, full, without the Semen Camelliae of insect pest as reality
Raw Seedling stock breeder seed, shines 3-4 days, standby；
(2) nursery lot prepares: selects the loess plot that sunny, irrigation and drainage are convenient, leeward, to the plot selected, is at least broadcasting
Planting Seed of Camellia oleifera to start wholely for first 1 month, remove ground weeds, then start to make seedbed, seedbed ploughed depth is 15-22 li
Rice is seedbed width 1.1-1.2 rice, high 12-16 centimetre, after seedbed performs, by every mu of ground organic fertilizer 500 kilograms, multiple on seedbed
150 kilograms of Hefei, rice husk ash 70 kilograms, 70 kilograms of bagasse powder, sodium ammonium biphosphate 50 kilograms, biogas residue 70 kilograms make base fertilizer,
Then plough under in seedbed soil, mix thoroughly with seedbed soil, water permeable；
(3) nursery lot sterilization: before sowing Seed of Camellia oleifera, with the potassium permanganate solution that concentration is 0.8～1.0 ‰ or 600-
800 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder aqueous solution or the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that concentration is 1.5～2.0 ‰, to seedbed
After carrying out spray disinfectant, set up bamboo shelf immediately, then on bamboo shelf, cover thin film and seedbed is covered, thin film surrounding soil
Compress and seal, Nausea drying 7～10 days；Before sowing 1-2 days, film hood two ends, seedbed are opened, allows cross-ventilation；
(4) sowing: after step (1) ready Seed of Camellia oleifera ABT rooting powder solution is soaked, use clear water rinsed clean, take off
Open seedbed film hood, seedbed is watered permeable, Seed of Camellia oleifera is pressed seeding row spacing 15 × 15cm basin listing on seedbed, then at Seedling
Cover one layer of cover from sun on bed, spray drenched cover from sun with 600-800 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder aqueous solution, cover back thin
Film, thin film surrounding soil pressure tightening seal, control thin film case temperature 20-25 DEG C, humidity 65-70%, when seed germination length extremely
After the 3-5cm of face, seedbed, remove the film hood in seedbed；
(5) cool canopy is set up: setting up cool canopy at nursery lot in time after having sowed, cool canopy height 2.4-2.8 rice, degree of shading is at 65%-
75%；
(6) seedling breeding management: seed Seedling is carried out daily insect, uprooting weed, the fertilizing management eliminated, carries out 1 every other month
Secondary, until seed Seedling grows up to the seedling that plant diameter is 1.8-3.0mm, it is ready for grafting；
(7) scion collection: select high yield, the high-quality camellia oleifera cultivar of disease and insect resistance, the cloudy day or during the fine day morning 10 before, afternoon 5
Gathering scion time after, fringe bar selects area without shade, bud full, without pest and disease damage, well-grown semi-lignified branch；
(8) grafting: carrying out grafting after processing seedling stock and scion, during grafting, scion is alignd with the cambium layer of stock, connects
The bevel of fringe shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.3-0.5mm, ties up interface with aluminium foil；
(9) managing after grafting: after grafting completes, sets up bamboo shelf the most again, lays certainly at bamboo shelf inside top flexible pipe
Dynamic spray equipment, then covers thin film on bamboo shelf and is covered in seedbed, and thin film surrounding soil pressure tightening seal controls seedbed thin
Temperature in film cover is 28-32 DEG C, humidity is 90-95%, every 5-7 days after grafting, uses 0.5mg L-16-benzylamino is fast
Purine (6-BA) solution squirts grafting once, accelerates grafting mouth vascular bundle cambium layer and is formed, until grafting fringe rudiment；At 25-30
The rudiment of stock is removed by it sprouts, and leaves behind the scion bud sprouted；Carry out daily eliminating insect, uprooting weed, fertilising, entered every 30 days
Row 1 time, until outplanting.
2. oil tea seedling engrafting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described in step (4), ABT root-inducing powder is molten
Liquid is No. ABT1 or ABT2 rooting powder solution, soak time 30-40 minute of concentration 300-400mg/L.
3. oil tea seedling engrafting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (4) described cover from sun is dry rice
Grass.
4. oil tea seedling engrafting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described high yield, the high-quality of disease and insect resistance
Camellia oleifera cultivar is switch camellia oleifera cultivar.
5. oil tea seedling engrafting method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: described switch camellia oleifera cultivar is Guangxi woods
Cen soft No. 2 or soft No. 3 of the Cen that institute of section cultivates.
6. oil tea seedling engrafting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: to seedling stock in step (8)
It is processed as: stock stem vertical cross is stayed 5-6cm, splits deep 1.0-1.2cm from top to bottom；Process to scion is: scion cut
Face is whittled into thin wedge shape, long incision limit 1-1.5cm, minor face 0.5-0.8cm, and scion retains 1 bud 1 leaf, and bud is full, healthy and strong, cuts
Scion in 0.5mg L-1No. 3 root-inducing powder+0.5mg L of ABT-1The solution of 6-benzyl aminopurine (6-BA) soaks 3-
Grafting after 4min.
7. oil tea seedling engrafting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the insect of eliminating described in step (6) is
Carry out with 600-800 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder aqueous solution or thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that concentration is 1.5～2.0 ‰
Spray；Described fertilising is: spray the biogas slurry diluent that 200-300 times of soft methane tank fermentation produces.
8. oil tea seedling engrafting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the fertilising described in step (9) is: work as reality
Raw Seedling grafting survival, scion sprouting attenuating to more than 5cm, sprayed what 250-300 times of soft methane tank fermentation produced every 30 days
Biogas slurry diluent is once.
9. oil tea seedling engrafting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (9) managing after grafting, when connecing
After fringe extracts sprouting 1.5-2 month out, carry out seedling exercising.
10. oil tea seedling engrafting method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that: described seedling exercising is 7-8 every morning
Point, by automatic spraying device spray water 10-15 minute, then opens the thin film of seedbed two-port, allows cross-ventilation, afternoon 6-
7 points, build the thin film of seedbed two-port, by automatic spraying device spray water 15-20 minute, persistently carry out 7-10 days, it
After remove thin film.
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| CN107439313A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-12-08 | 贵州省苗岭经济林技术开发有限公司 | A kind of oil tea grafting seedlings-growing method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106962029A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-07-21 | 麦丽 | A kind of engrafting method of oil tea |
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| CN112425388A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-03-02 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Grafting seedling raising method for sterculia plants |
| CN112715185A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-04-30 | 成都大学 | Buckwheat grafting method |
| CN112715185B (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2022-11-04 | 成都大学 | Buckwheat grafting method |
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