CN106358921A - Cultivation method for grafting seedlings of oil tea bud stock - Google Patents
Cultivation method for grafting seedlings of oil tea bud stock Download PDFInfo
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- CN106358921A CN106358921A CN201610743644.9A CN201610743644A CN106358921A CN 106358921 A CN106358921 A CN 106358921A CN 201610743644 A CN201610743644 A CN 201610743644A CN 106358921 A CN106358921 A CN 106358921A
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- grafting
- seedbed
- stock
- scion
- seedling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil tea seedling cultivation and specifically relates to a cultivation method for grafting seedlings of an oil tea bud stock. The method comprises the following steps: cultivating the oil tea bud stock; preparing a nursery land; disinfecting the nursery land; erecting a sun-shelter; collecting scions; grafting; transplanting; managing after transplanting. The experience in cultivating and multiplying the oil tea grafting seedlings according to the method proves that the survival rate of oil tea seedling grafting reaches up to 90-95% and the qualified seedling percentage is 90-92%; the problem of incompatibility of grafting of different varieties can be solved; high survival rate and high qualified seedling percentage of grafted seedlings of the oil tea bud stock can be realized; the survived grafted oil tea seedlings have the advantages of developed root systems, excellent growth, fleshy leaves and no pest and disease damage; the qualified seedling percentage is increased; the high-quality oil tea seedlings can be cultivated; the cultivation method has important practical application value.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to the Cultivating techniques field of oil tea nursery stock is and in particular to a kind of cultivation side of oil-tea sprout stock grafting seedling
Method.
[background technology]
Oil tea is the distinctive important edible oil materials seeds of China, strong adaptability, drought-resistant, barren, suitable southern hillses mountain
Area plants.Oleum Camelliae unsaturated fatty acid content reaches 94%, is the hat in crude vegetal, is the oily and pure sky of high-quality functional health
Right non-polluted edible oil.
Oil tea (camellia oleifera) is the evergreen dungarunga of Theaceae Camellia, is the important woody edible oil of China
Material seeds, with Elaeis guineensis Jacq., Fructus Canarii albi, Cortex cocois radiciss and be referred to as the big woody edible oil seeds in the world four.Oleum Camelliae is green health edible oil, enjoys
The good reputation of " east olive oil ".The content of the unsaturated fatty acid in Oleum Camelliae accounts for the 90% of total fatty acid content, and wherein Oleic acid contains
Amount up to 83.3% about, contributes to maintaining human brain cellularity, reduces the decline of memory, and can prevention of cardiovascular disease.Tea
Abundant ve, vd, vk, carotene and Squalene is also contained, wherein Squalene is a kind of active component of Polyphenols, has in oil
Very strong oxygen-enriched ability, has anti-hypoxia, resisting fatigue, the function of improving body immunity and promote gastrointestinal absorption.In recent years
At home and abroad it is increasingly subject to pay attention to, international food and agricultural organization has been classified as the health type edible oil of emphasis popularization.
It is increasingly required that oil tea cultivation not only meets people's life, to transforming agricultural production, developing rural economy, structure
Harmonious society's structural meaning is great.China oil tea plants with a long history, the improved seeds of oil tea, clone, family and farmers''s product
Kind various, to wherein having identified the strain of merit all using vegetative method expanding propagation.With oil tea cultivated area
Expansion, market increasingly increases to the demand of oil tea excellent strain nursery stock.
At present, oil-tea sprout anvil graft technology has tended to ripe, but survival rate is still low, and only 70% about, to excellent
The waste of good scion is more serious.The oil tea scion of grafting different cultivars on sprout stock, the survival rate also obvious difference of graft is low
Only 25%.In 0d to 7d after grafting, the mortality rate of graft colony is close to 0%；Occur mortality plant time be
8d after grafting, mortality rate is 1.57%；Thereafter mortality rate steeply rises, and after grafting, 16d peaks, and is
5.07%；To grafting, 20d drops sharply to 1.52% again；The mortality rate of the 35d grafting to grafting is in 1%-
Between 1.8%；Mortality rate falls back to 0% afterwards.
The critical period of oil-tea sprout anvil grafting survival is in month after grafting, the front 16d particularly after grafting.
During the oil tea grafting of different cultivars, the affinity performance of anvil fringe has differences, and is also the technology bottle of oil tea improved seeds nursery stock production
One of neck.The healing success or not of oil-tea sprout anvil graft is the key factor of impact graft survival rate, and oil-tea sprout anvil is transferred
Though grafting survives in junctor cultivating process, the external environment such as conditional regulatory such as light, temperature, water, fertilizer and pest and disease damage is not
Rationally, cause out nursery stock rate low, the outplanting rate of oil-tea sprout stock grafting seedling is only 50% about at this stage, far can not expire
The demand to fine quality oil tea Seedling for the sufficient market.
[content of the invention]
The present invention is in view of the shortcomings of the prior art it is therefore intended that provide a kind of cultivation side of oil-tea sprout stock grafting seedling
Method, can be during effectively solving oil-tea sprout anvil graft seedling growth with the method, the low problem with incompatibility of graft survival rate.
The present invention seeks to be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of breeding method of oil-tea sprout stock grafting seedling, bag
Include that sprout stock is cultivated, nursery lot prepares, nursery lot sterilization, set up cool canopy, scion collection, grafting, transplanting, manage after cultivation, tool
Body step is:
(1) sprout stock is cultivated: after the annual Frost's Descent, harvests camellia oleifera fruit, camellia oleifera fruit is placed on ventilation, shady place 7-10
My god, allow camellia oleifera fruit shell natural cracking, then broken into two with one's hands with handss, collect Semen Camelliae, pick that grain is big, full, no insect pest Semen Camelliae
As sprout stock breeder seed, shine 3-4 days, standby；3-4 month before grafting, by the Semen Camelliae picking out concentration
No. abt1 for 200-300mg/l or the immersion of abt2 rooting powder solution, after soak time 30-40 minute, dry with clear water rinsing
Only, it is seeded in sand bed, paves compression, be then covered by one layer of sand, lid dry rice straw, as cover from sun, then irrigates again on sand bed surface
Water, controls temperature in 20-25 DEG C, humidity 65-70%, so that Semen Camelliae is sprouted and makes plumule grow to 5～7cm, prepares grafting；
(2) nursery lot prepares: selection is sunny, irrigation and drainage are convenient, leeward loess plot, the plot to selection, at least
In grafting, first 1 month starts site preparation, removes ground weeds, then starts to make seedbed, and seedbed ploughed depth is 15-22 centimetre, Seedling
Bedside 1.1-1.2 rice, high 12-16 centimetre, after seedbed performs, 450 kilograms of every mu of organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer 120 are pressed on seedbed
Kilogram, 65 kilograms of rice husk ash, 85 kilograms of bagasse powder, 40 kilograms of sodium ammonium biphosphate, 70 kilograms of biogas residue make base fertilizer, then plough under
In seedbed soil, mix thoroughly with seedbed soil, pour permeable, then set up bamboo shelf, automatic spraying device is laid by flexible pipe in seedbed；
Described bagasse powder be bagasse is dried after be ground into powder less than 3mm；Described biogas residue is Organic substance warp in methane-generating pit
After fully fermenting, remaining material dries and obtains final product, if to dry rear granule larger for the material of remnants, also can be ground into powder further
End；
(3) nursery lot sterilization: before grafting, the potassium permanganate solution being 0.6～0.8 ‰ with concentration or 600-800 times
50% carbendazol wettable powder aqueous solution or the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that concentration is 1～1.8 ‰, spray to seedbed
After sterilization, cover thin film on bamboo shelf immediately and seedbed is covered, thin film surrounding soil pressure tightening seal, Nausea drying 7～10 days；Transfer
Connect first 1-2 days, seedbed film hood two ends are opened, allow cross-ventilation；
(4) set up cool canopy: nursery lot sets up cool canopy, cool canopy high 2.4-2.8 rice, and degree of shading is in 65%-75%；
(5) scion collection: select high yield, the high-quality camellia oleifera cultivar of disease and insect resistance, such as switch camellia oleifera cultivar, particularly Guangxi
Cen soft No. 2 or the soft No. 3 switch oil teas of Cen that forest-science academy cultivates；Before at the cloudy day or during the fine day morning 10, afternoon 5 when after gather and connect
Fringe, fringe bar selects that area without shade, bud be full, no disease and pests harm, well-grown semi-lignified branch；
(6) grafting: carry out between late May or late September to mid-November in mid-April, by sprout stock from sand
Dig out in bed, wash silt off, cover wet cloth；After stock and scion are processed, grafting is carried out using cleft graft, to sprout stock
The process of wood is: stock stem vertical cross is stayed 3-4cm, splits deep 1.0-1.2cm from top to bottom from the centre of stem, root retains 4-
7cm, the process to scion is: scion opposing sides is whittled into the thin wedge shape of 1.0-1.5cm length, scion retains 1 bud 1 leaf, bud
Full, healthy and strong, the scion cutting is in No. 3 root-inducing powders+0.5mg l-1 6-benzyl aminopurine (6-ba) of 0.5mg l-1abt
Grafting after 3-4min is soaked, scion during grafting alignd with the cambium layer of stock, the bevel of scion shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.5-1.0mm in solution,
Tie up interface with aluminium foil, the root of graft is in 100mg l-1Abt3 rooting powder solution in soak 5-10s, take out prepare transplant
In seedbed；
(7) transplant: open seedbed film hood, graft is transplanted in seedbed, during transplanting, stock seed is exposed on the face of seedbed,
Irrigate root water after cultivation, then use 0.5mg l-16- benzylaminopurine (6-ba) solution squirts graft, then covers back thin
Film, thin film surrounding soil pressure tightening seal；
(8) manage after planting: control the temperature in the film hood of seedbed to be 28-32 DEG C after transplanting, humidity is 90-95%, transplant
Afterwards every 5-7 days, squirt graft once with 0.5mg l-1 6- benzylaminopurine (6-ba) solution, accelerate graft union dimension
Tube bank cambium layer is formed, until grafting fringe rudiment；Remove in the rudiment to stock in 25-30 days and sprout, leave behind the scion bud of sprouting；
After scion extracts sprouting 1.5-2 month out, carry out seedling exercising, described seedling exercising is 7-8 point every morning, sprays by automatic spraying device
Watering 10-15 minute, then opens the thin film of seedbed two-port, allows cross-ventilation, afternoon, 6-7 point, thin seedbed two-port
Membrane cover is good, by automatic spraying device spray water 15-20 minute, persistently carries out 7-10 days, removes thin film afterwards；Carry out daily removing
Eliminating pest, uprooting weed, fertilising, were carried out every 30 days 1 time, until outplanting.
Preferably, the fertilising described in step (8) is: when the bud attenuating of scion is to 3-5cm, sprays 200-300 times of software
The biogas slurry diluent that methane-generating pit fermentation produces.
Compared with prior art, the method have the advantages that
(1) present invention carries out special handling by selection camellia oleifera fruit harvesting opportunity and processing mode, to oil tea seeds,
During the cultivation of stock, control temperature 20-25 DEG C, humidity 60-70% so that sprout stock phase and scion phase identical.
(2) present invention comes according to oil-tea sprout anvil root growth feature (such as need to breathe freely, like acid, happiness is fertile, fearness is wet and is afraid of drought etc.)
The nursery lot selecting is applied fertilizer to the subsoil and is nursed one's health the physical and chemical character of soil, the oil tea Seedling well developed root system of grafting survival, length
Gesture is good, blade face is plump, no disease and pests harm, improves outplanting rate.
(3) root of graft is soaked race before transplanting in rooting powder solution by the present invention, improve stock go out root rate and
Go out root amount.
(4) present invention is directed to the feature that graft union is developed, and transplants after irrigating root water, uses 0.5mg l-16- benzylamino
Purine (6-ba) solution squirts graft, every 5-7 days after transplanting, uses 0.5mg l-16- benzylaminopurine (6-ba) solution
Squirt graft once, accelerate graft union vascular bundle to be formed, directly results in survival rate and outplanting rate lifting, be that the present invention is maximum
Innovative point；
(5) by above-mentioned improved step ectogenesis oil tea grafting, empirical tests: the graft survival rate of oil tea Seedling reaches
90-95%, outplanting rate 90-92%, solve the problems, such as affinity during different cultivars grafting.Achieve oil-tea sprout stock grafting seedling
High-survival rate, high outplanting rate, and cultivate oil of high quality tea shoot wood, there is important actual application value.
[specific embodiment]
The following examples can help those skilled in the art that the present invention is more fully understood, but cannot be with any
Mode limits the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of breeding method of oil-tea sprout stock grafting seedling, cultivates including sprout stock, nursery lot prepares, nursery lot disappears
Poison, set up cool canopy, scion collection, grafting, transplanting, manage after cultivation, concretely comprising the following steps:
(1) sprout stock is cultivated: after the annual Frost's Descent, harvests camellia oleifera fruit, camellia oleifera fruit is placed on ventilation, shady place 7-10
My god, allow camellia oleifera fruit shell natural cracking, then broken into two with one's hands with handss, collect Semen Camelliae, pick that grain is big, full, no insect pest Semen Camelliae
As sprout stock breeder seed, shine 3-4 days, standby；3-4 month before grafting, by the Semen Camelliae picking out concentration
No. abt1 for 200mg/l or the immersion of abt2 rooting powder solution, soak time, after 40 minutes, uses clear water rinsed clean, sowing
In sand bed, pave compression, be then covered by one layer of sand, lid dry rice straw, as cover from sun, then pours permeable again on sand bed surface, control
Temperature, in 20-25 DEG C, humidity 65-70%, makes Semen Camelliae sprout and makes plumule grow to 5～7cm, prepare grafting；
(2) nursery lot prepares: selection is sunny, irrigation and drainage are convenient, leeward loess plot, the plot to selection, at least
In grafting, first 1 month starts site preparation, removes ground weeds, then starts to make seedbed, and seedbed ploughed depth is 15-22 centimetre, Seedling
Bedside 1.1-1.2 rice, high 12-16 centimetre, after seedbed performs, 450 kilograms of every mu of organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer 120 are pressed on seedbed
Kilogram, 65 kilograms of rice husk ash, 85 kilograms of bagasse powder, 40 kilograms of sodium ammonium biphosphate, 70 kilograms of biogas residue make base fertilizer, then plough under
In seedbed soil, mix thoroughly with seedbed soil, pour permeable, then set up bamboo shelf, automatic spraying device is laid by flexible pipe in seedbed；
(3) nursery lot sterilization: before grafting, the potassium permanganate solution being 0.6～0.8 ‰ with concentration or 600-800 times
50% carbendazol wettable powder aqueous solution or the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that concentration is 1～1.8 ‰, spray to seedbed
After sterilization, cover thin film on bamboo shelf immediately and seedbed is covered, thin film surrounding soil pressure tightening seal, Nausea drying 7～10 days；Transfer
Connect first 1-2 days, seedbed film hood two ends are opened, allow cross-ventilation；
(4) set up cool canopy: nursery lot sets up cool canopy, cool canopy high 2.4-2.8 rice, and degree of shading is in 65%-75%；
(5) scion collection: select high yield, the high-quality camellia oleifera cultivar of disease and insect resistance, such as switch camellia oleifera cultivar, particularly Guangxi
Cen soft No. 2 or the soft No. 3 switch oil teas of Cen that forest-science academy cultivates；Before at the cloudy day or during the fine day morning 10, afternoon 5 when after gather and connect
Fringe, fringe bar selects that area without shade, bud be full, no disease and pests harm, well-grown semi-lignified branch；
(6) grafting: carry out between late May or late September to mid-November in mid-April, by sprout stock from sand
Dig out in bed, wash silt off, cover wet cloth；After stock and scion are processed, grafting is carried out using cleft graft, to sprout stock
The process of wood is: stock stem vertical cross is stayed 3-4cm, splits deep 1.0-1.2cm from top to bottom from the centre of stem, root retains 4-
7cm, the process to scion is: scion opposing sides is whittled into the thin wedge shape of 1.0-1.5cm length, scion retains 1 bud 1 leaf, bud
Full, healthy and strong, the scion cutting is in 0.5mg l-1No. 3 root-inducing powder+0.5mg l of abt-16-benzyl aminopurine (6-ba)
Grafting after 3-4min is soaked, scion during grafting alignd with the cambium layer of stock, the bevel of scion shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.5-1.0mm in solution,
Tie up interface with aluminium foil, the root of graft is in 100mg l-1Abt3 rooting powder solution in soak 5-10s, take out prepare transplant
In seedbed；
(7) transplant: open seedbed film hood, graft is transplanted in seedbed, during transplanting, stock seed is exposed on the face of seedbed,
Irrigate root water after cultivation, then use 0.5mg l-16- benzylaminopurine (6-ba) solution squirts graft, then covers back thin
Film, thin film surrounding soil pressure tightening seal；
(8) manage after planting: control the temperature in the film hood of seedbed to be 28-32 DEG C after transplanting, humidity is 90-95%, transplant
Afterwards every 5-7 days, use 0.5mg l-16- benzylaminopurine (6-ba) solution squirts graft once, accelerates graft union dimension pipe
Fascicular cambium is formed, until grafting fringe rudiment；Remove in the rudiment to stock in 25-30 days and sprout, leave behind the scion bud of sprouting；When
After scion extracts sprouting 1.5-2 month out, carry out seedling exercising, described seedling exercising is 7-8 point every morning, sprays by automatic spraying device
Water 10-15 minute, then opens the thin film of seedbed two-port, allows cross-ventilation, afternoon 6-7 point, the thin film of seedbed two-port
Cover, by automatic spraying device spray water 15-20 minute；Carry out daily except eliminating pest, uprooting weed, fertilising, carried out 1 every 30 days
Secondary, until outplanting.Wherein, described fertilising is: when the bud attenuating of scion is to 3-5cm, sprays 200 times of soft methane tanks and sends out
The biogas slurry diluent that ferment produces.
By said method ectogenesis oil tea grafting, empirical tests: the graft survival rate of oil tea Seedling reaches 92.6%, goes out
Garden rate 90.7%, solves the problems, such as different cultivars incompatibility.
Embodiment 2
A kind of breeding method of oil-tea sprout stock grafting seedling, cultivates including sprout stock, nursery lot prepares, nursery lot disappears
Poison, set up cool canopy, scion collection, grafting, transplanting, manage after cultivation, concretely comprising the following steps:
(1) sprout stock is cultivated: after the annual Frost's Descent, harvests camellia oleifera fruit, camellia oleifera fruit is placed on ventilation, shady place 7-10
My god, allow camellia oleifera fruit shell natural cracking, then broken into two with one's hands with handss, collect Semen Camelliae, pick that grain is big, full, no insect pest Semen Camelliae
As sprout stock breeder seed, shine 3-4 days, standby；3-4 month before grafting, by the Semen Camelliae picking out concentration
No. abt1 for 300mg/l or the immersion of abt2 rooting powder solution, soak time, after 30 minutes, uses clear water rinsed clean, sowing
In sand bed, pave compression, be then covered by one layer of sand, lid dry rice straw, as cover from sun, then pours permeable again on sand bed surface, control
Temperature, in 20-25 DEG C, humidity 65-70%, makes Semen Camelliae sprout and makes plumule grow to 5～7cm, prepare grafting；
(2) nursery lot prepares: selection is sunny, irrigation and drainage are convenient, leeward loess plot, the plot to selection, at least
In grafting, first 1 month starts site preparation, removes ground weeds, then starts to make seedbed, and seedbed ploughed depth is 15-22 centimetre, Seedling
Bedside 1.1-1.2 rice, high 12-16 centimetre, after seedbed performs, 450 kilograms of every mu of organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer 120 are pressed on seedbed
Kilogram, 65 kilograms of rice husk ash, 85 kilograms of bagasse powder, 40 kilograms of sodium ammonium biphosphate, 70 kilograms of biogas residue make base fertilizer, then plough under
In seedbed soil, mix thoroughly with seedbed soil, pour permeable, then set up bamboo shelf, automatic spraying device is laid by flexible pipe in seedbed；
(3) nursery lot sterilization: before grafting, the potassium permanganate solution being 0.6～0.8 ‰ with concentration or 600-800 times
50% carbendazol wettable powder aqueous solution or the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that concentration is 1～1.8 ‰, spray to seedbed
After sterilization, cover thin film on bamboo shelf immediately and seedbed is covered, thin film surrounding soil pressure tightening seal, Nausea drying 7～10 days；Transfer
Connect first 1-2 days, seedbed film hood two ends are opened, allow cross-ventilation；
(4) set up cool canopy: nursery lot sets up cool canopy, cool canopy high 2.4-2.8 rice, and degree of shading is in 65%-75%；
(5) scion collection: select high yield, the high-quality camellia oleifera cultivar of disease and insect resistance, such as switch camellia oleifera cultivar, particularly Guangxi
Cen soft No. 2 or the soft No. 3 switch oil teas of Cen that forest-science academy cultivates；Before at the cloudy day or during the fine day morning 10, afternoon 5 when after gather and connect
Fringe, fringe bar selects that area without shade, bud be full, no disease and pests harm, well-grown semi-lignified branch；
(6) grafting: carry out between late May or late September to mid-November in mid-April, by sprout stock from sand
Dig out in bed, wash silt off, cover wet cloth；After stock and scion are processed, grafting is carried out using cleft graft, to sprout stock
The process of wood is: stock stem vertical cross is stayed 3-4cm, splits deep 1.0-1.2cm from top to bottom from the centre of stem, root retains 4-
7cm, the process to scion is: scion opposing sides is whittled into the thin wedge shape of 1.0-1.5cm length, scion retains 1 bud 1 leaf, bud
Full, healthy and strong, the scion cutting is in 0.5mg l-1No. 3 root-inducing powder+0.5mg l of abt-16-benzyl aminopurine (6-ba)
Grafting after 3-4min is soaked, scion during grafting alignd with the cambium layer of stock, the bevel of scion shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.5-1.0mm in solution,
Tie up interface with aluminium foil, the root of graft is in 100mg l-1Abt3 rooting powder solution in soak 5-10s, take out prepare transplant
In seedbed；
(7) transplant: open seedbed film hood, graft is transplanted in seedbed, during transplanting, stock seed is exposed on the face of seedbed,
Irrigate root water after cultivation, then use 0.5mg l-16- benzylaminopurine (6-ba) solution squirts graft, then covers back thin
Film, thin film surrounding soil pressure tightening seal；
(8) manage after planting: control the temperature in the film hood of seedbed to be 28-32 DEG C after transplanting, humidity is 90-95%, transplant
Afterwards every 5-7 days, use 0.5mg l-16- benzylaminopurine (6-ba) solution squirts graft once, accelerates graft union dimension pipe
Fascicular cambium is formed, until grafting fringe rudiment；Remove in the rudiment to stock in 25-30 days and sprout, leave behind the scion bud of sprouting；When
After scion extracts sprouting 1.5-2 month out, carry out seedling exercising, described seedling exercising is 7-8 point every morning, sprays by automatic spraying device
Water 10-15 minute, then opens the thin film of seedbed two-port, allows cross-ventilation, afternoon 6-7 point, the thin film of seedbed two-port
Cover, by automatic spraying device spray water 15-20 minute；Carry out daily except eliminating pest, uprooting weed, fertilising, carried out 1 every 30 days
Secondary, until outplanting.Described fertilising is: when the bud attenuating of scion is to 3-5cm, sprays 200 times of soft methane tank fermentations and produces
Raw biogas slurry diluent.
By said method ectogenesis oil tea grafting, empirical tests: the graft survival rate of oil tea Seedling reaches 93.8%, goes out
Garden rate 91.5%, solves the problems, such as different cultivars incompatibility.
Although, above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments,
On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of breeding method of oil-tea sprout stock grafting seedling, including sprout stock cultivate, nursery lot prepare, nursery lot sterilization,
Set up cool canopy, scion collection, grafting, transplanting, after cultivation management it is characterised in that concretely comprising the following steps:
(1) sprout stock is cultivated: after the annual Frost's Descent, harvests camellia oleifera fruit, camellia oleifera fruit is placed on ventilation, shady place 7-10 days, allows
Camellia oleifera fruit shell natural cracking, is then broken into two with one's hands with handss, collects Semen Camelliae, picks that grain is big, full, no insect pest Semen Camelliae is as bud
Seedling stock breeder seed, shines 3-4 days, standby；3-4 month before grafting, the Semen Camelliae picking out is molten with abt root-inducing powder
After immersion bubble, use clear water rinsed clean, be seeded in sand bed, pave compression, be then covered by one layer of sand, the lid sunshade again of sand bed surface
Thing, pours permeable, controls temperature in 20-25 DEG C, humidity 65-70%, so that Semen Camelliae is sprouted and make plumule grow to 5～7cm, prepare to transfer
Connect；
(2) nursery lot prepares: selection is sunny, irrigation and drainage are convenient, leeward loess plot, to the plot selected, is at least transferring
Connect first 1 month and start site preparation, remove ground weeds, then start to make seedbed, seedbed ploughed depth is 15-22 centimetre, seedbed width
1.1-1.2 rice, high 12-16 centimetre, after seedbed performs, seedbed is pressed 450 kilograms of every mu of organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer's 120 kg,
65 kilograms of rice husk ash, 85 kilograms of bagasse powder, 40 kilograms of sodium ammonium biphosphate, 70 kilograms of biogas residue make base fertilizer, then plough under seedbed
In soil, mix thoroughly with seedbed soil, pour permeable, then set up bamboo shelf, automatic spraying device is laid by flexible pipe in seedbed；
(3) nursery lot sterilization: before grafting, the potassium permanganate solution being 0.6～0.8 ‰ with concentration or 600-800 times 50%
Carbendazol wettable powder aqueous solution or the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that concentration is 1～1.8 ‰, carry out spray disinfectant to seedbed
Afterwards, cover thin film on bamboo shelf immediately to cover seedbed, thin film surrounding soil pressure tightening seal, Nausea drying 7～10 days；Before grafting
1-2 days, seedbed film hood two ends are opened, allow cross-ventilation；
(4) set up cool canopy: nursery lot sets up cool canopy, cool canopy high 2.4-2.8 rice, and degree of shading is in 65%-75%；
(5) scion collection: select high yield, the high-quality camellia oleifera cultivar of disease and insect resistance, at the cloudy day or during the fine day morning 10 before, afternoon 5
When after gather scion, fringe bar selects that area without shade, bud be full, no disease and pests harm, well-grown semi-lignified branch；
(6) grafting: carry out between late May or late September to mid-November in mid-April, by sprout stock from sand bed
Dig out, wash silt off, cover wet cloth；After stock and scion are processed, grafting is carried out using cleft graft, during grafting scion with
The cambium layer alignment of stock, the bevel of scion shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.5-1.0mm, ties up interface with aluminium foil, the root of graft is in 100mg l-1
Abt3 rooting powder solution in soak 5-10s, take out preparation transplant in seedbed；
(7) transplant: open seedbed film hood, graft is transplanted in seedbed, during transplanting, stock seed is exposed on the face of seedbed, after cultivation
Irrigate root water, then use 0.5mg l-16- benzylaminopurine (6-ba) solution squirts graft, then covers back thin film, thin
Film surrounding soil pressure tightening seal；
(8) manage after planting: control the temperature in the film hood of seedbed to be 28-32 DEG C after transplanting, humidity is 90-95%, every after transplanting
Every 5-7 days, use 0.5mg l-16- benzylaminopurine (6-ba) solution squirts graft once, accelerates graft union vascular bundle shape
Stratification is formed, until grafting fringe rudiment；Remove in the rudiment to stock in 25-30 days and sprout, leave behind the scion bud of sprouting；Carry out day
Often remove eliminating pest, uprooting weed, fertilising, carried out every 30 days 1 time, until outplanting.
2. oil-tea sprout stock grafting seedling as claimed in claim 1 breeding method it is characterised in that: abt described in step (1)
Rooting powder solution is No. abt1 or abt2 rooting powder solution of concentration 200-300mg/l, soak time 30-40 minute.
3. oil-tea sprout stock grafting seedling as claimed in claim 1 breeding method it is characterised in that: the described sunshade of step (1)
Thing is dry rice straw.
4. oil-tea sprout stock grafting seedling as claimed in claim 1 breeding method it is characterised in that: described high yield, Resistant
The high-quality camellia oleifera cultivar of evil is switch camellia oleifera cultivar.
5. oil-tea sprout stock grafting seedling as claimed in claim 4 breeding method it is characterised in that: described switch camellia oleifera cultivar
Cen soft No. 2 or soft No. 3 of the Cen cultivated for Guangxi forest-science academy.
6. oil-tea sprout stock grafting seedling as claimed in claim 1 breeding method it is characterised in that: to sprout in step (6)
The process of stock is: stock stem vertical cross is stayed 3-4cm, splits deep 1.0-1.2cm from top to bottom from the centre of stem, root retains 4-
7cm, the process to scion is: scion opposing sides is whittled into the thin wedge shape of 1.0-1.5cm length, scion retains 1 bud 1 leaf, bud
Full, healthy and strong, the scion cutting is in 0.5mg l-1No. 3 root-inducing powder+0.5mg l of abt-16-benzyl aminopurine (6-ba)
Grafting after 3-4min is soaked in solution.
7. oil-tea sprout stock grafting seedling as claimed in claim 1 breeding method it is characterised in that: applying described in step (8)
Fertilizer is: when the bud attenuating of scion is to 3-5cm, sprays the biogas slurry diluent that 200-300 times of soft methane tank fermentation produces.
8. oil-tea sprout stock grafting seedling as claimed in claim 1 breeding method it is characterised in that: step (8) plant after manage
In, after scion extracts sprouting 1.5-2 month out, carry out seedling exercising.
9. oil-tea sprout stock grafting seedling as claimed in claim 8 breeding method it is characterised in that: described seedling exercising is early daily
Upper 7-8 point, by automatic spraying device spray water 10-15 minute, then opens the thin film of seedbed two-port, allows cross-ventilation,
Afternoon, 6-7 point, covered the thin film of seedbed two-port, by automatic spraying device spray water 15-20 minute, persistently carried out 7-10
My god, remove thin film afterwards.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN107439313A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-12-08 | 贵州省苗岭经济林技术开发有限公司 | A kind of oil tea grafting seedlings-growing method |
| CN107484624A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2017-12-19 | 广西三椿生物科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods for improving oil tea survival rate |
| CN107493992A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2017-12-22 | 钟山县龙岛种养专业合作社 | A kind of engrafting method for improving tea oil tree survival rate |
| CN107624295A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-26 | 钟山县龙岛种养专业合作社 | A kind of germination accelerating method of tea oil tree seed |
| CN107926425A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-04-20 | 龙川县林业科学研究所 | A kind of oil-tea sprout stock grafting method |
| CN108142128A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-12 | 罗城仫佬族自治县明亿农业开发农民专业合作社 | The breeding method of oil tea sapling |
| CN110547108A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-10 | 贵州黔西南喀斯特区域发展研究院 | Method for reducing germination amount of camellia oleifera grafting rootstock |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107439313A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-12-08 | 贵州省苗岭经济林技术开发有限公司 | A kind of oil tea grafting seedlings-growing method |
| CN107493992A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2017-12-22 | 钟山县龙岛种养专业合作社 | A kind of engrafting method for improving tea oil tree survival rate |
| CN107624295A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-26 | 钟山县龙岛种养专业合作社 | A kind of germination accelerating method of tea oil tree seed |
| CN107484624A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2017-12-19 | 广西三椿生物科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods for improving oil tea survival rate |
| CN107926425A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-04-20 | 龙川县林业科学研究所 | A kind of oil-tea sprout stock grafting method |
| CN108142128A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-12 | 罗城仫佬族自治县明亿农业开发农民专业合作社 | The breeding method of oil tea sapling |
| CN110547108A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-10 | 贵州黔西南喀斯特区域发展研究院 | Method for reducing germination amount of camellia oleifera grafting rootstock |
| CN110547108B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2021-12-03 | 贵州黔西南喀斯特区域发展研究院 | Method for reducing germination amount of camellia oleifera grafting rootstock |
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