CN106029628B - 多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的制备方法 - Google Patents
多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106029628B CN106029628B CN201580010100.5A CN201580010100A CN106029628B CN 106029628 B CN106029628 B CN 106029628B CN 201580010100 A CN201580010100 A CN 201580010100A CN 106029628 B CN106029628 B CN 106029628B
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- Prior art keywords
- methyl
- acrylate
- catalyst
- multifunctional
- diazabicyclo
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- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- SBYHFKPVCBCYGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinuclidine Chemical compound C1CC2CCN1CC2 SBYHFKPVCBCYGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NHXVNEDMKGDNPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;pentane-2,4-dione Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O.CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O NHXVNEDMKGDNPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- MCTWTZJPVLRJOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-1H-imidazole Chemical compound CN1C=CN=C1 MCTWTZJPVLRJOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IVLICPVPXWEGCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-quinuclidinol Chemical compound C1C[C@@H]2C(O)C[N@]1CC2 IVLICPVPXWEGCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XKMZOFXGLBYJLS-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;prop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C=C.[O-]C(=O)C=C XKMZOFXGLBYJLS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- BMFMTNROJASFBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(furan-2-ylmethylsulfinyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CS(=O)CC1=CC=CO1 BMFMTNROJASFBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HZRCZMMKIVUWEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N OC(O)(O)C(C(O)(O)O)C Chemical compound OC(O)(O)C(C(O)(O)O)C HZRCZMMKIVUWEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-2-ene Chemical group CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XDWXRAYGALQIFG-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;propanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCC([O-])=O.CCC([O-])=O XDWXRAYGALQIFG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- NMJFNVPVICIXBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N OC(O)(O)C(C)(C)C(O)(O)O Chemical compound OC(O)(O)C(C)(C)C(O)(O)O NMJFNVPVICIXBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- -1 cyclic tertiary amine Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 102
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 17
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 9
- 150000001409 amidines Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 32
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 16
- RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 14
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 108700029371 albomycin Proteins 0.000 description 9
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000012973 diazabicyclooctane Substances 0.000 description 9
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-methacrylic acid Natural products CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229960000549 4-dimethylaminophenol Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 7
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 6
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N Xylose Natural products O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 5
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
- FTTATHOUSOIFOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,8a-octahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine Chemical compound C1NCCN2CCCC21 FTTATHOUSOIFOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LOUPRKONTZGTKE-WZBLMQSHSA-N Quinine Chemical compound C([C@H]([C@H](C1)C=C)C2)C[N@@]1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OC)C=C21 LOUPRKONTZGTKE-WZBLMQSHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 4
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011403 purification operation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ZKMZPXWMMSBLNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-one Chemical compound C1CC2C(=O)CN1CC2 ZKMZPXWMMSBLNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- PWATWSYOIIXYMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 PWATWSYOIIXYMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical group COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- LOUPRKONTZGTKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N cinchonine Natural products C1C(C(C2)C=C)CCN2C1C(O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OC)C=C21 LOUPRKONTZGTKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001802 myricyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 3
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroacetic acid Substances OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-D-glucopyranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SIXFVXJMCGPTRB-KSSYENDESA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-(4-methoxyphenoxy)oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 SIXFVXJMCGPTRB-KSSYENDESA-N 0.000 description 2
- KVNYFPKFSJIPBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1CC KVNYFPKFSJIPBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZBRADJBKOUALEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diazabicyclo[5.2.0]nonane Chemical compound C1NCCCC2CCN21 ZBRADJBKOUALEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tetradecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC=C HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RKMGAJGJIURJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine Chemical compound CC1(C)CCCC(C)(C)N1 RKMGAJGJIURJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10-octahydropyrimido[1,2-a]azepine Chemical compound C1CCCCN2CCCN=C21 GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HPYNZHMRTTWQTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CN=C1C HPYNZHMRTTWQTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BWZVCCNYKMEVEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-Trimethylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=NC(C)=C1 BWZVCCNYKMEVEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PTJWCLYPVFJWMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO PTJWCLYPVFJWMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 2
- MHNNAWXXUZQSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbut-1-ene Chemical compound CCC(C)=C MHNNAWXXUZQSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbut-2-ene Chemical compound CC=C(C)C BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MFEIKQPHQINPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Ethylpyridine Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CN=C1 MFEIKQPHQINPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ITQTTZVARXURQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CN=C1 ITQTTZVARXURQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DTBDAFLSBDGPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylquinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C)=CN=C21 DTBDAFLSBDGPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JVZRCNQLWOELDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=NC=C1 JVZRCNQLWOELDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FKNQCJSGGFJEIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=NC=C1 FKNQCJSGGFJEIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MUDSDYNRBDKLGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylquinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C)=CC=NC2=C1 MUDSDYNRBDKLGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LUYISICIYVKBTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylquinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC(C)=CC=C21 LUYISICIYVKBTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDYVCOSVYOSHOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-methylquinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=NC2=CC(C)=CC=C21 KDYVCOSVYOSHOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JRLTTZUODKEYDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methylquinoline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(C)=CC=CC2=C1 JRLTTZUODKEYDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
[课题]本发明的目的是,使季戊四醇或二季戊四醇等多元醇与单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯进行酯交换反应,以良好的收率得到多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯。[解决手段]多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的制备方法的特征在于,在使多元醇与单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯进行酯交换反应而制备多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯时,并用下述催化剂A和催化剂B。催化剂A:选自具有氮杂双环结构的环状叔胺或其盐或配合物、脒或其盐或配合物、具有吡啶环的化合物或其盐或配合物中的1种以上化合物。催化剂B:选自含锌化合物的1种以上化合物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的制备方法,详细地说,本发明涉及一种多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的制备方法,其特征在于,使多元醇与单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯进行酯交换反应,得到多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯。
背景技术
(甲基)丙烯酸酯由于因紫外线或电子束等活性能量射线的照射、或加热而固化,因此作为涂料、油墨、粘合剂、光学透镜、填充剂和成型材料等配合物的交联成分、或者作为反应性稀释剂成分而大量地使用。
特别是具有3个以上(甲基)丙烯酰基的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯,其固化物显现出高硬度和优异的耐磨性,因此作为硬涂层涂料的配合成分而大量使用。
作为该多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯,已知有三羟甲基丙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、甘油三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇四(甲基)丙烯酸酯、双(三羟甲基)丙烷四(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇四(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇五(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇六(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三季戊四醇八(甲基)丙烯酸酯等。
这些多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯通过使相应的多元醇与(甲基)丙烯酸的酯化反应或酯交换反应来制备。
在通过酯化反应的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的制备中,作为催化剂,使用了硫酸、对甲苯磺酸、甲磺酸等磺酸,为了从酯化反应结束后得到的反应粗产物中除去该磺酸,需要用碱性水溶液进行提取洗涤,工序复杂、生产率显著低下。另外,由于在该提取操作中目标的多官能丙烯酸酯的一部分被皂化,因此存在收率降低的问题。
另一方面,在通过酯交换反应的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的制备中,已知有:可以在不使用磺酸的情况下进行反应,以有机锡化合物作为催化剂的方法(参照专利文献1)、并用锌化合物和有机磷化合物作为催化剂的方法(参照专利文献2)等。
但是,对于使用这些催化剂的方法来说,得到的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的收率虽高,但从催化剂的有害性的观点考虑,必须进行用于极力减少残留在制品中的催化剂的精制操作,特别是以由具有3个以上醇性羟基的多元醇为原料制备具有3个以上(甲基)丙烯酰基的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的情况下,由于该多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的蒸气压极低,难以通过蒸馏而作为馏出成分来精制获得,因此必须多次实施液液提取等精制操作,工序变得复杂,生产率的低下显著(参照专利文献1)。另外,有时对于伴随精制产生的废弃物的无害化需要高额的费用,难以称之为经济上有利的制备方法。
另外,还已知有以有害性较低的钛化合物作为酯交换反应的催化剂的方法(参照专利文献3),但根据本发明人等的见解,这种方法在以具有3个以上醇性羟基的多元醇为原料用于制备具有3个以上(甲基)丙烯酰基的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯时的收率非常低。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:特开2003-190819号公报(权利要求)
专利文献2:专利第4656351号公报
专利文献3:专利第4591733号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
本发明正是鉴于上述现状而完成的,其目的是提供一种多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的制备方法,其中在不使用有机锡化合物或有机磷化合物等毒性强的催化剂的情况下,使多元醇与单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯进行酯交换反应,从而以良好的收率得到多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯。
解决课题的手段
本发明人等为了解决上述课题而进行了深入的研究。其结果发现,在使多元醇与单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯进行酯交换反应而制备多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯时,通过并用下述催化剂A和催化剂B,以良好的收率得到多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯,至此完成了本发明。
催化剂A:选自具有氮杂双环结构的环状叔胺或其盐或配合物、脒或其盐或配合物、具有吡啶环的化合物或其盐或配合物中的1种以上化合物。
催化剂B:选自含锌化合物的1种以上化合物。
发明效果
根据本发明的制备方法,能够以良好的收率得到多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯。由本发明制备方法得到的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯可作为涂料、油墨、粘合剂、光学透镜、填充剂和成型材料等配合物的交联成分,或者作为反应性稀释剂成分而适宜用于各种工业用途。
附图说明
[图1]是示出本发明中的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的制备方法的反应机制的概略图。
具体实施方式
本发明在使多元醇与单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯进行酯交换反应而制备多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯时,通过并用下述催化剂A和催化剂B,以良好的收率得到多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯。
催化剂A:选自具有氮杂双环结构的环状叔胺或其盐或配合物、脒或其盐或配合物、具有吡啶环的化合物或其盐或配合物中的1种以上化合物。
催化剂B:选自含锌化合物的1种以上化合物。
以下,详细说明本发明。
本发明中作为原料使用的多元醇为分子中具有至少2个以上醇性羟基的脂族醇、脂环式醇、芳族醇、多元醇醚等,也可以在分子内具有其他官能团或键、例如酚性羟基、酮基、酰基、醛基、巯基、氨基、亚氨基、氰基、硝基、醚键、酯键、酰胺键、酰亚胺键、肽键、氨酯键、缩醛键、半缩醛键、半缩酮键等。
作为具有2个醇性羟基的二元醇的具体例,可举出乙二醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、聚乙二醇、丙二醇、三亚甲基二醇、二丙二醇、三丙二醇、聚丙二醇、丁二醇、戊二醇、己二醇、庚二醇、壬二醇、新戊二醇、环己二醇、环己烷二甲醇、二烷二醇、N-甲基二乙醇胺、N-乙基二乙醇胺、N-丁基二乙醇胺、N-叔丁基二乙醇胺、N-月桂基二乙醇胺、硬脂基二乙醇胺、N-苯基二乙醇胺、m-甲苯基二乙醇胺、p-甲苯基二乙醇胺、N,N'-双(2-羟基丙基)苯胺、N-亚硝基二乙醇胺、N-(2-羟基乙基)乳酰胺、N,N'-双(2-羟基乙基)草酰胺、3-吗啉-1,2-丙二醇、2,6-吡啶二甲醇、3-(二甲氨基)-1,2-丙二醇、3-(二乙氨基)-1,2-丙二醇、双阿脲二水合物、(+)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基-L-酒石酸二酰胺、(-)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基-D-酒石酸二酰胺、N-丙基-N-(2,3-二羟基丙基)全氟-n-辛基磺酰胺、胸苷、氯霉素、甲砜霉素、D-赤酮酸内酯、甲基-4,6-O-亚苄基-α-D-吡喃葡糖苷、苯基-4,6-O-亚苄基-1-硫代-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷、1,2:5,6-二-O-异亚丙基-D-甘露醇、1,2-O-异亚丙基-α-D-呋喃木糖(Xylofuranose)、2,6-二-O-棕榈酰基-L-抗坏血酸、异山梨糖醇酐和它们的环氧化物加成物、进而可举出对苯二酚、双酚A、双酚AP、双酚AF、双酚B、双酚BP、双酚C、双酚E、双酚F、双酚G、双酚M、双酚S、硫代双酚、双酚P、双酚PH、双酚TMC和双酚Z等具有酚性羟基的化合物的环氧化物加成物等。
作为具有3个醇性羟基的三元醇的具体例,可举出三羟甲基乙烷、三羟甲基丙烷、甘油、三(2-羟乙基)异氰尿酸酯、己三醇、辛三醇、癸三醇、三乙醇胺、三异丙醇胺、1-[双2-(羟基乙基)氨基]-2-丙醇、D-泛醇、DL-泛醇、尿苷、5-甲基尿苷、胞苷、肌苷、腺苷、白霉素A3、白霉素A4、白霉素A6、白霉素A8、盐酸克林霉素一水合物、泼尼松龙、甲基-β-D-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷、甲基-β-L-吡喃岩藻糖苷、甲基-α-L-吡喃岩藻糖苷、D-半乳醛、4-甲氧基苯基-3-O-烯丙基-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷、4-甲氧基苯基-3-O-苄基-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷、1,6-脱水-β-D-葡萄糖、α-氯醛糖、β-氯醛糖、4,6-O-亚乙基-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖、D-己烯糖、1,2-O-异亚丙基-α-D-呋喃葡萄糖、D-葡糖醛酸(glucurono)-6,3-内酯、2-脱氧-D-核糖、甲基-β-D-呋喃核糖苷、D-(+)-核糖酸-1,4-内酯、甲基-β-D-吡喃木糖苷、6-O-棕榈酰基-L-抗坏血酸、6-O-硬脂酰基-L-抗坏血酸、3-O-乙基-L-抗坏血酸、以及它们的环氧化物加成物等。
作为具有4个醇性羟基的四元醇的具体例,可举出双(三羟甲基)乙烷、双(三羟甲基)丙烷、二甘油、季戊四醇、N,N,N',N'-四(2-羟基乙基)丁二酰胺、N,N,N',N'-四(2-羟基丙基)丁二酰胺、N,N,N',N'-四(2-羟基乙基)己二酰胺、N,N,N',N'-四(2-羟基丙基)己二酰胺、N,N,N',N'-四(2-羟基乙基)乙二胺、N,N,N',N'-四(2-羟基丙基)乙二胺、N-己酰基-D-葡糖胺、N-戊酰基-D-葡糖胺、N-三氟乙酰基-D-葡糖胺、N-苯甲酰基-D-葡糖胺、5-乙酰胺-N,N'-双(2,3-二羟基丙基)-2,4,6-三碘异邻苯二甲酰胺、螺旋霉素、克拉霉素、白霉素A1、白霉素A5、白霉素A7、白霉素A9、白霉素A13、盐酸林可霉素一水合物、重氮烷基脲(diazolidinyl urea)、D-(-)-阿拉伯糖、DL-阿拉伯糖、L-(+)-阿拉伯糖、meso-赤藓醇、D-(+)-岩藻糖、L-(-)-岩藻糖、烯丙基α-D-吡喃半乳糖苷、甲基β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷、甲基α-D-吡喃半乳糖苷一水合物、4-甲氧基苯基β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷、2-硝基苯基β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷、4-硝基苯基α-D-吡喃半乳糖苷、4-硝基苯基β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷、苯基β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷、N-乙酰基-D-半乳糖胺水合物、D-(+)-半乳糖胺盐酸盐、熊果苷、2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖、七叶苷1.5水合物、D-(+)-葡糖酸-1,5-内酯、D-葡糖醛酰胺、水杨醛葡糖苷、甲基α-D-吡喃葡糖苷、甲基β-D-吡喃葡糖苷0.5水合物、4-甲氧基苯基β-D-吡喃葡糖苷、4-硝基苯基β-D-吡喃葡糖苷一水合物、4-硝基苯基α-D-吡喃葡糖苷、壬基β-D-吡喃葡糖苷、正辛基β-D-吡喃葡糖苷、苯基β-D-吡喃葡糖苷水合物、根皮苷水合物、云杉新苷、葛根素、N-乙酰基-D-葡糖胺、N-苯甲酰基-D-葡糖胺、D-(+)-葡糖胺盐酸盐、N-己酰基-D-葡糖胺、N-戊酰基-D-葡糖胺、L-(+)-古洛糖酸γ-内酯、D-(-)-来苏糖、L-(+)-来苏糖、3,4-O-异亚丙基-D-甘露糖醇、甲基-α-D-吡喃甘露糖苷,D-甘露糖酸-1,4-内酯,4-甲氧基苯基-α-D-吡喃甘露糖苷,N-乙酰-D-甘露糖胺一水合物、D-(-)-核糖、L-核糖、D-(+)-木糖、DL-木糖、L-(-)-木糖、D-阿拉伯糖型抗坏血酸、L-抗坏血酸、L-苏糖醇、以及它们的环氧化物加成物等。
作为具有5个醇性羟基的五元醇的具体例,可举出三(三羟甲基)乙烷、三(三羟甲基)丙烷、三甘油、双(2-羟基乙基)氨基三(羟基甲基)甲烷、双(2-羟基丙基)氨基三(羟基甲基)甲烷、N,N,N',N″,N″-五(2-羟基乙基)二亚乙基三胺、N,N,N',N″,N″-五(2-羟基丙基)二亚乙基三胺、米格列醇、红霉素、阿奇霉素二水合物、D-(+)-阿拉伯糖醇、DL-阿拉伯糖醇、L-(-)-阿拉伯糖醇、D-(-)-果糖、L-(+)-果糖、D-(+)-半乳糖、L-(-)-半乳糖、β-D-葡萄糖、D-(+)-葡萄糖、L-(-)-葡萄糖、D-葡萄糖二乙基硫醇、水杨苷、L-葡萄糖(L-グロース)、D-(+)-甘露糖、L-(-)-甘露糖、立普妥、L-(-)-山梨糖、D-塔格糖、木糖醇、三氯蔗糖、抗坏血酸甘油酯、以及它们的环氧化物加成物等。
作为具有6个以上醇性羟基的多元醇的具体例,可举出聚三羟甲基乙烷、聚三羟甲基丙烷、聚甘油、二季戊四醇、三季戊四醇、聚季戊四醇、碘海醇、半乳糖醇、D-山梨糖醇、L-山梨糖醇、myo-肌醇、scyllo-肌醇、D-甘露糖醇、L-甘露糖醇、淫羊藿苷、苦杏仁苷、D-(+)-纤维二糖、洋芫荽苷、2-O-α-D-吡喃葡糖基-L-抗坏血酸、橙皮苷、D-(+)-乳糖一水合物、乳果糖、D-(+)-麦芽糖一水合物、D-(+)-蜜二糖一水合物、甲基橙皮苷、麦芽糖醇、柚皮苷水合物、二氢查耳酮新橙皮苷水合物、帕拉金糖水合物、芦丁水合物、D-(+)-蔗糖、甜菊苷、D-(+)-松二糖、D-(+)-海藻糖(无水)、D-(+)-海藻糖二水合物、D-(+)-松三糖水合物、D-(+)-棉子糖五水合物、莱苞迪苷A、水苏四糖、α-环糊精、β-环糊精、γ-环糊精、淀粉、以及它们的环氧化物加成物。
本发明中,这些多元醇可以单独使用或者任意组合2种以上来使用。这些多元醇中,优选具有3个以上醇性羟基的多元醇,特别优选三羟甲基乙烷、三羟甲基丙烷、甘油、甘油的环氧化物加成物、三(2-羟乙基)异氰尿酸酯、三乙醇胺、双(三羟甲基)乙烷、双(三羟甲基)丙烷、二甘油、二甘油的环氧化物加成物、季戊四醇、季戊四醇的环氧化物加成物、木糖醇、二季戊四醇、二季戊四醇的环氧化物加成物、D-山梨糖醇。予以说明,关于这些多元醇,在存在其水合物或溶剂合物的情况下,该水合物及溶剂合物也可以作为本发明制备方法中的多元醇使用。
本发明中,作为原料使用的单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯是分子中具有1个(甲基)丙烯酰基的化合物,例如可举出下述通式(1)表示的化合物。
[化1]
式中,R1表示氢原子或甲基。R2表示碳数1~50的有机基。
作为上述通式(1)中的R2的具体例,可举出甲基、乙基、n-或i-丙基、n-、i-或t-丁基、n-、s-或t-戊基、新戊基、n-、s-或t-己基、n-、s-或t-庚基、n-、s-或t-辛基、2-乙基己基、辛基、壬基、癸基、十一烷基、十二烷基、十三烷基、十四烷基、十五烷基、十六烷基、十七烷基、十八烷基、十九烷基、二十烷基(アラキル)、二十六烷基、三十烷基(Myricyl)、峰花基(melissyl)、乙烯基、烯丙基、甲基烯丙基、巴豆基、1,1-二甲基-2-丙烯基、2-甲基丁烯基、3-甲基-2-丁烯基、3-甲基-3-丁烯基、2-甲基-3-丁烯基、丁烯基、戊烯基、己烯基、庚烯基、辛烯基、壬烯基、癸烯基、十一烯基、十二烯基、十三烯基、十四烯基、十五烯基、十六烯基、十七烯基、十八烯基、十八碳二烯基、十八碳三烯基、环戊基、环戊基甲基、环己基、环己基甲基、4-甲基环己基、4-叔丁基环己基、三环癸基、异冰片基、金刚烷基、二环戊烷基、二环戊烯基、苯基、甲基苯基、二甲基苯基、三甲基苯基、4-叔丁基苯基、苄基、二苯基甲基、二苯基乙基、三苯基甲基、肉桂基、萘基、蒽基、甲氧基乙基、甲氧基乙氧基乙基、甲氧基乙氧基乙氧基乙基、3-甲氧基丁基、乙氧基乙基、乙氧基乙氧基乙基、环戊氧基乙基、环己氧基乙基、环戊氧基乙氧基乙基、环己氧基乙氧基乙基、二环戊烯基氧基乙基、苯氧基乙基、苯氧基乙氧基乙基、缩水甘油基、β-甲基缩水甘油基、β-乙基缩水甘油基、3,4-环氧基环己基甲基、2-氧杂环丁烷基甲基、3-甲基-3-氧杂环丁烷基甲基、3-乙基-3-氧杂环丁烷基甲基、四氢呋喃基、四氢糠基、四氢吡喃基、二唑啉基(ジオキサゾラニル基)、二烷基、N,N-二甲氨基乙基、N,N-二乙氨基乙基、N,N-二甲氨基丙基、N,N-二乙氨基丙基、N-苄基-N-甲氨基乙基、N-苄基-N-甲氨基丙基等。
本发明中,这些单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯可以单独使用或者任意组合两种以上使用。这些单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯中,优选丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸异丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯、丙烯酸2-二甲氨基乙酯,特别优选对几乎所有的多元醇显示良好的反应性、容易获得的丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸异丁酯、丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯。进而,更优选促进多元醇的溶解、显示极良好的反应性的丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯。
本发明制备方法中的多元醇和单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的使用比例没有特殊限制,相对于多元醇的羟基1摩尔,优选使用单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯0.4~10.0摩尔、更优选0.6~5.0摩尔。单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯小于0.4摩尔时,副反应增多。另外,大于10.0摩尔时,多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的生成量少,生产率差。
对于本发明的制备方法来说,可以不使用溶剂进行反应,也可以根据需要使用溶剂,作为具体例,可举出正己烷、环己烷、甲基环己烷、正庚烷、正辛烷、正壬烷、正癸烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙基苯、二乙基苯、异丙基苯、戊基苯、二戊基苯、三戊基苯、十二烷基苯、双十二烷基苯、戊基甲苯、异丙基甲苯、十氢化萘、四氢化萘等烃类、二乙基醚、二丙基醚、二异丙基醚、二丁基醚、二戊基醚、二乙基乙缩醛、二己基乙缩醛、叔丁基甲基醚、环戊基甲基醚、四氢呋喃,四氢吡喃,三烷,二烷,苯甲醚、二苯基醚、二甲基溶纤剂、二甘醇二甲醚、三甘醇二甲醚、四甘醇二甲醚等醚类、18-冠-6等冠醚类、甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、叔丁醇、乙二醇、2-甲氧基乙醇、甘油等醇类、苯甲酸甲酯、γ-丁内酯等酯类、丙酮、甲乙酮、甲基异丁基酮、环己酮、苯乙酮、二苯甲酮等酮类、环丁砜等砜类、二甲基亚砜等亚砜类、脲类或其衍生物、三丁基氧化膦等氧化膦类、咪唑盐、哌啶盐、吡啶盐等离子液体、硅油、水等。这些溶剂中,优选烃类、醚类、醇类、离子液体。这些溶剂既可以单独使用,也可以作为任意组合两种以上的混合溶剂而使用。
本发明制备方法中的催化剂A为选自具有氮杂双环结构的环状叔胺或其盐或配合物、脒或其盐或配合物、具有吡啶环的化合物或其盐或配合物中的1种以上化合物。
作为上述具有氮杂双环结构的环状叔胺或其盐或配合物的具体例,可举出1-氮杂双环[1,1,0]丁烷、1,3-二氮杂双环[1,1,0]丁烷、1-氮杂双环[2,1,0]庚烷、1,3-二氮杂双环[2,1,0]庚烷、1,4-二氮杂双环[2,1,0]庚烷、1-氮杂双环[2,2,0]己烷、1,3-二氮杂双环[2,2,0]己烷、1-氮杂双环[2,1,1]己烷、1,3-二氮杂双环[2,1,1]己烷、1-氮杂双环[2,2,1]庚烷、1,3-二氮杂双环[2,2,1]庚烷、1,4-二氮杂双环[2,2,1]庚烷、1-氮杂双环[3,2,0]庚烷、1,3-二氮杂双环[3,2,0]庚烷、1,4-二氮杂双环[3,2,0]庚烷、1,6-二氮杂双环[3,2,0]庚烷、1,3-二氮杂双环[2,2,2]辛烷、1-氮杂双环[3,2,1]辛烷、1,3-二氮杂双环[3,2,1]辛烷、1,4-二氮杂双环[3,2,1]辛烷、1,5-二氮杂双环[3,2,1]辛烷、1,6-二氮杂双环[3,2,1]辛烷、1-氮杂双环[4,1,1]辛烷、1,3-二氮杂双环[4,1,1]辛烷、1,4-二氮杂双环[4,1,1]辛烷、1,5-二氮杂双环[4,1,1]辛烷、1,6-二氮杂双环[4,1,1]辛烷、1,7-二氮杂双环[4,1,1]辛烷、1-氮杂双环[4,2,0]辛烷、1,3-二氮杂双环[4,2,0]辛烷、1,4-二氮杂双环[4,2,0]辛烷、1,5-二氮杂双环[4,2,0]辛烷、1,7-二氮杂双环[4,2,0]辛烷、1-氮杂双环[3,3,1]壬烷、1,3-二氮杂双环[3,3,1]壬烷、1,4-二氮杂双环[3,3,1]壬烷、1,5-二氮杂双环[3,3,1]壬烷、1-氮杂双环[3,2,2]壬烷、1,3-二氮杂双环[3,2,2]壬烷、1,4-二氮杂双环[3,2,2]壬烷、1,5-二氮杂双环[3,2,2]壬烷、1,6-二氮杂双环[3,2,2]壬烷、1,8-二氮杂双环[3,2,2]壬烷、1-氮杂双环[4,3,0]壬烷、1,3-二氮杂双环[4,3,0]壬烷、1,4-二氮杂双环[4,3,0]壬烷、1,5-二氮杂双环[4,3,0]壬烷、1,6-二氮杂双环[4,3,0]壬烷、1,7-二氮杂双环[4,3,0]壬烷、1,8-二氮杂双环[4,3,0]壬烷、1-氮杂双环[4,2,1]壬烷、1,3-二氮杂双环[4,2,1]壬烷、1,4-二氮杂双环[4,2,1]壬烷、1,5-二氮杂双环[4,2,1]壬烷、1,6-二氮杂双环[4,2,1]壬烷、1,7-二氮杂双环[4,2,1]壬烷、1-氮杂双环[5,2,0]壬烷、1,3-二氮杂双环[5,2,0]壬烷、1,3-二氮杂双环[5,2,0]壬烷、1,4-二氮杂双环[5,2,0]壬烷、1,5-二氮杂双环[5,2,0]壬烷、1,6-二氮杂双环[5,2,0]壬烷、1,7-二氮杂双环[5,2,0]壬烷、1,8-二氮杂双环[5,2,0]壬烷、1-氮杂双环[5,1,1]壬烷、1,3-氮杂双环[5,1,1]壬烷、1,4-氮杂双环[5,1,1]壬烷、1,5-氮杂双环[5,1,1]壬烷、1,6-氮杂双环[5,1,1]壬烷、1,7-氮杂双环[5,1,1]壬烷、1-氮杂双环[6,1,0]壬烷、1,3-二氮杂双环[6,1,0]壬烷、1,4-二氮杂双环[6,1,0]壬烷、1,5-二氮杂双环[6,1,0]壬烷、1,6-二氮杂双环[6,1,0]壬烷、1,7-二氮杂双环[6,1,0]壬烷、1,8-二氮杂双环[6,1,0]壬烷、1-氮杂双环[7,1,0]癸烷、1,9-二氮杂双环[7,1,0]癸烷、1-氮杂双环[6,2,0]癸烷、1,8-二氮杂双环[6,2,0]癸烷、1-氮杂双环[6,1,1]癸烷、1,8-二氮杂双环[6,1,1]癸烷、1-氮杂双环[5,3,0]癸烷、1,7-二氮杂双环[5,3,0]癸烷、1-氮杂双环[5,2,1]癸烷、1,7-二氮杂双环[5,2,1]癸烷、1-氮杂双环[4,3,1]癸烷、1,6-二氮杂双环[4,3,1]癸烷、1-氮杂双环[4,2,2]癸烷、1,6-二氮杂双环[4,2,2]癸烷、1-氮杂双环[5,4,0]十一烷、1,7-二氮杂双环[5,4,0]十一烷、1-氮杂双环[5,3,1]十一烷、1,7-二氮杂双环[5,3,1]十一烷、1-氮杂双环[5,2,2]十一烷、1,7-二氮杂双环[5,2,2]十一烷、1-氮杂双环[4,4,1]十一烷、1,7-二氮杂双环[4,4,1]十一烷、1-氮杂双环[4,3,2]十一烷、1,7-二氮杂双环[4,3,2]十一烷、1-氮杂双环[3,3,0]辛烷、1-氮杂双环[4,3,0]壬烷、奎宁环、羽扇豆烷、羽扇豆碱、喹嗪、3-羟基奎宁环、3-奎宁环酮、Quincorine(キンコリン)、Quincoridine(キンコリジン)、辛可尼丁、辛可宁、奎尼丁、奎宁、去甲奎宁、伊波加因、苦马豆素、粟精、米安色林、米氮平、坎那定、碱(base)、1-氮杂双环[2,2,2]辛烷-3-羧酸、三亚乙基二胺(别名DABCO)、六亚甲基四胺、3-喹嗪酮(Quinolizinone)盐酸盐、3-氯-1-氮杂双环[2,2,2]辛烷盐酸盐、辛可尼丁二盐酸盐、辛可宁盐酸盐水合物、辛可尼丁硫酸盐二水合物、氢化奎尼丁盐酸盐、辛可宁硫酸盐二水合物、奎宁盐酸盐二水合物、硫酸奎宁二水合物、喹啉酸盐、奎尼丁硫酸盐二水合物、米安色林盐酸盐、1,1'-(丁烷-1,4-二基)双[4-氮杂-1-氮双环[2,2,2]辛烷]二溴化物、1,1'-(癸烷-1,10-二基)双[4-氮杂-1-氮双环[2,2,2]辛烷]二溴化物、双(三甲基铝)-1,4-二氮杂双环[2,2,2]辛烷加成物、辉铋矿、奎宁环盐酸盐、奎宁环酮盐酸盐、3-羟基奎宁环盐酸盐、DABCO盐酸盐、奎宁环乙酸盐、奎宁环酮乙酸盐、3-羟基奎宁环乙酸盐、DABCO乙酸盐、奎宁环丙烯酸盐、奎宁环酮丙烯酸盐、3-羟基奎宁环丙烯酸盐、DABCO丙烯酸盐等。
作为上述脒或其盐或配合物的具体例,可举出咪唑、N-甲基咪唑、N-乙基咪唑、1-苄基-2-甲基咪唑、1-苄基-2-苯基咪唑、1-乙烯基咪唑、1-烯丙基咪唑、1,8-二氮杂双环[5,4,0]十一-7-烯(别名DBU)、1,5-二氮杂双环[4,3,0]壬-5-烯(别名DBN)、N-甲基咪唑盐酸盐、DBU盐酸盐、DBN盐酸盐、N-甲基咪唑乙酸盐、DBU乙酸盐、DBN乙酸盐、N-甲基咪唑丙烯酸盐、DBU丙烯酸盐、DBN丙烯酸盐、邻苯二甲酰亚胺DBU等。
作为上述具有吡啶环的化合物或其盐或配合物的具体例,可举出吡啶、2-甲基吡啶、3-甲基吡啶、4-甲基吡啶、2-乙基吡啶、3-乙基吡啶、4-乙基吡啶、2-丙基吡啶、4-丙基吡啶、4-异丙基吡啶、4-叔丁基吡啶、4-戊基吡啶、4-(1-乙基丙基)吡啶、4-(5-壬基)吡啶、2-乙烯基吡啶、2,3-二甲基吡啶、2,4-二甲基吡啶、2,5-二甲基吡啶、2,6-二甲基吡啶、3,4-二甲基吡啶、3,5-二甲基吡啶、3,5-二乙基吡啶、N,N-二甲基-4-氨基吡啶(别名DMAP)、2,4,6-三甲基吡啶、2,6-二叔丁基吡啶、N,N-二甲基-2-氨基吡啶、4-哌啶并吡啶、4-吡咯烷并吡啶、4-苯基吡啶、喹啉、2-甲基喹啉、3-甲基喹啉、4-甲基喹啉、6-甲基喹啉、7-甲基喹啉、8-甲基喹啉、异喹啉、1-甲基异喹啉、吖啶、3,4-苯并喹啉、5,6-苯并喹啉、7,8-苯并喹啉、2-羟基吡啶、3-羟基吡啶、4-羟基吡啶、2,6-二羟基吡啶、2-(羟基甲基)吡啶、3-(羟基甲基)吡啶、4-(羟基甲基)吡啶、5-羟基异喹啉、2-甲氧基吡啶、3-甲氧基吡啶、4-甲氧基吡啶、2,6-二甲氧基吡啶、1,5-萘啶、1,6-萘啶、1,7-萘啶、1,8-萘啶、2,6-萘啶、2,7-萘啶、2,2'-联吡啶、3,3'-联吡啶、4,4'-联吡啶、2,3'-联吡啶、2,4'-联吡啶、3,4'-联吡啶、4,4'-亚乙基二吡啶、1,3-二(4-吡啶基)丙烷、1,10-菲咯啉一水合物、2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)吡啶、DMAP盐酸盐、DMAP乙酸盐、DMAP丙烯酸盐、氯化1-甲基吡啶、氯化1-丙基吡啶、硼烷-吡啶复合物、硼烷-2-甲基吡啶复合物、对甲苯磺酸吡啶鎓等。
本发明中,这些催化剂A可以单独使用或者任意组合2种以上来使用。这些催化剂A中,优选奎宁环、奎宁环酮、3-羟基奎宁环、DABCO、N-甲基咪唑、DBU、DBN、DMAP,特别优选对几乎所有的多元醇显示良好的反应性、且容易获得的奎宁环、3-羟基奎宁环、DABCO、N-甲基咪唑、DBU、DMAP。
本发明制备方法中的催化剂A的使用量没有特殊限定,相对于多元醇的羟基1摩尔,优选使用催化剂A 0.0001~0.5摩尔,更优选0.0005~0.2摩尔。少于0.0001摩尔时,目标的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的生成量少,多于0.5摩尔时,副产物增多,反应液的着色增加,导致反应结束后的精制工序变得复杂。
本发明制备方法中的催化剂B为选自含锌化合物中的1种以上化合物,可举出下述通式(2)表示的含锌化合物、下述通式(3)表示的含锌化合物、草酸锌等。
[化2]
(式中,R3和R4相同或不同,为碳数1~20的直链或支链烷基、碳数1~20的直链或支链烯基、碳数6~24的芳基、或碳数5~20的环烷基),
[化3]
(式中,R5、R6、R7、R8、R9和R10相同或不同,为碳数1~20的直链或支链烷基、碳数1~20的直链或支链烯基、碳数6~24的芳基、或碳数5~20的环烷基)。
作为上述通式(2)表示的含锌化合物的具体例,可举出乙酸锌、乙酸锌二水合物、丙酸锌、辛酸锌、新癸酸锌、月桂酸锌、肉豆蔻酸锌、硬脂酸锌、环己烷丁酸锌、2-乙基己酸锌、苯甲酸锌、叔丁基苯甲酸锌、水杨酸锌、环烷酸锌、丙烯酸锌、甲基丙烯酸锌等。予以说明,关于这些含锌化合物,在其水合物或溶剂合物或与催化剂A的配合物存在的情况下,该水合物和溶剂合物以及与催化剂A的配合物也可以作为本发明制备方法中的催化剂B使用。
作为上述通式(3)表示的含锌化合物的具体例,可举出乙酰丙酮锌、乙酰丙酮锌水合物、双(2,6-二甲基-3,5-庚二酮)锌、双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-3,5-庚二酮)锌、双(5,5-二甲基-2,4-己二酮)锌等。予以说明,关于这些含锌化合物,在其水合物或溶剂合物或与催化剂A的配合物存在的情况下,该水合物和溶剂合物以及与催化剂A的配合物也可以作为本发明制备方法中的催化剂B使用。
本发明中,这些催化剂B可以单独使用或者任意组合2种以上来使用。这些催化剂B中,优选乙酸锌、丙酸锌、丙烯酸锌、甲基丙烯酸锌、乙酰丙酮锌,特别优选对几乎所有的多元醇显示良好的反应性、且容易获得的乙酸锌、丙烯酸锌、乙酰丙酮锌。
本发明制备方法中的催化剂B的使用量没有特殊限制,相对于多元醇的羟基1摩尔,优选使用催化剂B 0.0001~0.5摩尔,更优选0.0005~0.2摩尔。少于0.0001摩尔时,目标的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的生成量少,多于0.5摩尔时,副产物增多,反应液的色调变差,因此反应结束后的精制工序变得复杂。
本发明制备方法中的催化剂A和催化剂B的使用比例没有特殊限制,相对于1摩尔催化剂B,优选使用0.005~10.0摩尔的催化剂A,更优选0.05~5.0摩尔。少于0.005摩尔时,目标的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的生成量少,多于10.0摩尔时,副产物增多,反应液的色调变差,因此反应结束后的精制工序变得复杂。
对于本发明中并用的催化剂A和催化剂B而言,最优选催化剂A为DABCO、催化剂B为乙酸锌的组合,由于能够以良好的收率得到多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯、并且反应结束后的色调优异,因此可适宜用于重视色调的各种工业用途。进而,由于它们是能够比较廉价地购得的催化剂,因而是经济上有利的制造方法。
本发明制备方法中的酯交换反应推测是通过图1所示的反应机制进行的。首先,通过将催化剂A添加到单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的β位碳上而使羰基氧原子上的电子密度增加,通过对其进一步攻击另外的单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的羰基碳而生成图1所示的反应中间体。其后,推测该中间体通过与多元醇发生酯交换反应,生成目标的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯。此时,推测具有路易斯酸性的催化剂B通过活化(甲基)丙烯酰基,促进图1所示的反应机制。
本发明中使用的催化剂A和催化剂B既可以在上述反应的最初添加,也可以在中途添加。另外,既可以将期望的使用量一并添加,也可以分批地添加。另外,在催化剂A和/或催化剂B为固体的情况下,可以在用溶剂溶解后再添加。
本发明制备方法中的反应温度优选为40~180℃,特别优选60~160℃。反应温度小于40℃时,反应速度极慢,大于180℃时,引起(甲基)丙烯酰基的热聚合、或者反应液的色调变差,因此反应结束后的精制工序复杂。
本发明制备方法中的反应压力只要能维持规定的反应温度,就没有特殊限制,既可以在减压状态下实施,也可以在加压状态下实施。通常为0.000001~10MPa(绝对压力)。
在本发明的制备方法中,副产出伴随酯交换反应进行的来自单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的一元醇。虽然可以在反应体系内原样共存该一元醇,但通过将该一元醇排出到反应体系外,可以进一步促进酯交换反应的进行。
在本发明的制备方法中,为了良好地维持反应液的色调,可以向体系内引入氩气、氦气、氮气和二氧化碳等非活性气体,但为了防止(甲基)丙烯酰基的聚合,可以向体系内引入含氧气体。作为含氧气体的具体例,可举出空气、氧气和氮气的混合气体,氧气和氦气的混合气体等。作为含氧气体的引入方法,有溶存在反应液中、或向反应液中吹入(所谓的鼓泡)的方法。
在本发明的制备方法中,为了防止(甲基)丙烯酰基的聚合,优选在体系内添加阻聚剂。作为阻聚剂的具体例,可举出对苯二酚、叔丁基对苯二酚、对苯二酚单甲基醚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚、2,4,6-三叔丁基苯酚、4-叔丁基邻苯二酚、苯醌、吩噻嗪、N-亚硝基-N-苯基羟胺铵、2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-氧自由基、4-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-氧自由基等有机系阻聚剂、氯化铜、硫酸铜和硫酸铁等无机系阻聚剂、以及二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸铜、N-亚硝基-N-苯基羟胺铝盐等有机盐系阻聚剂。阻聚剂可以单独添加一种,或任意组合两种以上来添加,可以自反应的最初添加,也可以在中途添加。另外,既可以将期望的使用量统一地添加,也可以分批地添加。另外,也可以经由精馏塔连续地添加。作为阻聚剂的添加量,在反应液中优选5~30,000wtppm,更优选25~10,000wtppm。少于5wtppm时,阻聚效果不充分,多于30,000wtppm时,反应液的色调变差,或者得到的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的固化速度下降,导致反应结束后的精制工序变得复杂。
本发明制备方法中的反应时间根据催化剂的种类和使用量、反应温度、反应压力等的不同而不同,通常为0.1~150小时,优选0.5~80小时。
本发明的制备方法可以通过分批式(回分式)、半分批式、连续式的任一种方法来实施。作为分批式的一例,可通过下述方法来实施:向反应器中装入多元醇、单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯、催化剂、阻聚剂,一边使含氧气体鼓泡入反应液中一边在规定的温度下搅拌。然后,在规定压力下从反应器中抽出伴随酯交换反应进行而副产的一元醇,由此生成目标的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯等的方法。
对由本发明制备方法得到的反应产物,通过实施冷却晶析、浓缩晶析等晶析操作和加压过滤、抽吸过滤、离心过滤等过滤操作、单独蒸馏、分别蒸馏、分子蒸馏、水蒸汽蒸馏等蒸馏操作、固液提取、液液提取等提取操作、倾析等组合而成的分离精制操作,能够以良好的纯度得到目标的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯。在该分离精制操作中可以使用溶剂。另外,也可以使用用于中和本发明中使用的催化剂和/或阻聚剂的中和剂、用于吸附除去的吸附剂,用于分解或除去副产物的酸和/或碱、用于改善色调的活性炭、用于提高过滤效率和过滤速度的硅藻土等。
实施例
以下,举出实施例和比较例更具体地说明本发明,但只要不超出本发明的要旨,就不局限于实施例。予以说明,以下,只要没有特殊说明,“份”表示“质量份”,“%”表示“质量%”。
实施例和比较例中的反应收率是对伴随酯交换反应进行而副产的一元醇进行定量,用下述式来计算。予以说明,一元醇的定量使用具有差示折射率检测器的高效液相色谱(色谱柱:日本ウォーターズ株式会社制Atlantis(Part No.186003748,色谱柱内径4.6mm,柱长250mm),溶剂:纯水或10体积%的异丙醇水溶液),用内标法来实施。
反应收率(摩尔%)=伴随酯交换反应进行而副产的一元醇的摩尔数/(作为原料使用的多元醇的摩尔数×多元醇分子所具有的羟基数)×100
实施例和比较例中的精制收率通过使用对酯交换反应结束后的反应产物实施蒸馏、晶析、过滤等分离精制操作后得到的、含多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的精制处理物的重量来计算。
精制收率(%)=含多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的精制处理物(份)/(作为原料使用的多元醇所具有的羟基全部被(甲基)丙烯酸酯化时生成的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的分子量×作为原料使用的多元醇的摩尔数)×100
实施例和比较例中,反应产物和精制处理物中含有目标多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的确认使用具备UV检测器的高效液相色谱(色谱柱:日本ウォーターズ株式会社制ACQUITYUPLC BEH C18(Part No.186002350,色谱柱内径2.1mm,柱长50mm),检测波长:210nm,溶剂:0.03重量%三氟乙酸水溶液和甲醇的混合溶剂)来进行。
<实施例1>
向安装有转子、温度计、气体导入管、冷凝管的20毫升试管中装入季戊四醇0.533份(0.0039摩尔)、丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯5.308份(0.0408摩尔)、作为催化剂A的奎宁环0.016份(0.0001摩尔)、作为催化剂B的乙酸锌0.025份(0.0001摩尔)、对苯二酚单甲基醚0.012份(相对于装入原料的总重量为2036wtppm),一边向液体中鼓泡入含氧气体(氧气5体积%、氮气95体积%)一边在反应液温度105~120℃的范围内进行加热回流5小时。然后,对该反应液中含有的伴随酯交换反应进行而副产的2-甲氧基乙醇进行定量,结果,反应收率为48%。使用具备UV检测器的高效液相色谱,对该反应液中含有的反应产物的组成进行分析,结果确认,作为主要成分,含有季戊四醇二丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯和季戊四醇四丙烯酸酯。
<实施例2~22和比较例1~18>
改变多元醇、单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯、催化剂A、催化剂B、反应温度和反应时间,通过与实施例1同样的方法进行酯交换反应,计算反应收率。结果示于表1~表7。予以说明,表中,使用以下的缩写。
PET:季戊四醇
MCA:丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯
QD:奎宁环
Zn(OAc)2:乙酸锌
HQD:3-羟基奎宁环
DABCO:三亚乙基二胺
NMI:N-甲基咪唑
DBU:1,8-二氮杂双环[5,4,0]十一-7-烯
DBN:1,5-二氮杂双环[4,3,0]壬-5-烯
DMAP:N,N-二甲基-4-氨基吡啶
Zn(acac)2:乙酰丙酮锌
DPET:二季戊四醇
DTMP:双(三羟甲基)丙烷
GLY:甘油
THEIC:三(2-羟乙基)异氰尿酸酯
DIGLY:二甘油
PET-4EO:季戊四醇的环氧乙烷加成物(羟基值717mgKOH/g)
DPET-6PO:二季戊四醇的环氧乙烷加成物(羟基值643mgKOH/g)
TMHD:N,N,N',N'-四甲基-1,6-己二胺
BA:丙烯酸正丁酯
TEA:三乙醇胺
<实施例23>
向安装有搅拌器、温度计、气体导入管、精馏塔和冷凝管的1升烧瓶中装入季戊四醇69.33份(0.51摩尔)、丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯690.05份(5.30摩尔)、作为催化剂A的DABCO2.04份(0.02摩尔)、作为催化剂B的乙酸锌3.26份(0.02摩尔)、对苯二酚单甲基醚1.56份(相对于装入的原料总重量,为2036wtppm),向液体中鼓泡入含氧气体(氧气5体积%、氮气95体积%)。一边在反应液温度105~120℃的范围内加热搅拌,一边在130~760mmHg的范围内调整反应体系内的压力,经由精馏塔和冷凝管从反应体系中抽出伴随酯交换反应进行而副产的2-甲氧基乙醇和丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯的混合液。另外,向反应体系中随时追加与该抽出液相同重量份的丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯。对来自反应体系的抽出液中含有的2-甲氧基乙醇进行定量,结果,从加热搅拌开始到30小时后,反应收率达到88%,因此在结束反应液的加热的同时,将反应体系内的压力返回到常压而结束抽出。将反应液冷却至室温,过滤分离析出物3.89份后,一边向滤液中鼓泡入干燥空气,一边在温度70~95℃、压力0.001~100mmHg的范围内进行8小时的减压蒸馏,分离含有未反应的丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯的馏出液。使用具备UV检测器的高效液相色谱,对减压蒸馏后的釜液的组成进行分析,结果确认,作为主要成分,含有季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯和季戊四醇四丙烯酸酯。将该釜液视作精制处理物而计算出的精制收率为96%。结果如表8所示。
<实施例24>
向安装有搅拌器、温度计、气体导入管、精馏塔和冷凝管的1升烧瓶中装入二季戊四醇86.33份(0.34摩尔)、丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯690.05份(5.30摩尔)、作为催化剂A的DABCO4.08份(0.04摩尔)、作为催化剂B的乙酸锌6.52份(0.04摩尔)、对苯二酚单甲基醚1.63份(相对于装入的原料总重量,为2061wtppm),向液体中鼓泡入含氧气体(氧气5体积%、氮气95体积%)。一边在反应液温度120~145℃的范围内加热搅拌,一边在250~760mmHg的范围内调整反应体系内的压力,经由精馏塔和冷凝管从反应体系中抽出伴随酯交换反应进行而副产的2-甲氧基乙醇和丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯的混合液。另外,向反应体系中随时追加与该抽出液相同重量份的丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯。对来自反应体系的抽出液中含有的2-甲氧基乙醇进行定量,结果,从加热搅拌开始到24小时后,反应收率达到86%,因此在结束反应液的加热的同时,将反应体系内的压力返回到常压而结束抽出。将反应液冷却至室温,过滤分离析出物8.38份,然后一边向滤液中鼓泡入干燥空气,一边在温度70~95℃、压力0.001~100mmHg的范围内进行8小时的减压蒸馏,分离含有未反应的丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯的馏出液。使用具备UV检测器的高效液相色谱,对减压蒸馏后的釜液的组成进行分析,结果确认,作为主要成分,含有二季戊四醇五丙烯酸酯和二季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯。将该釜液视作精制处理物而计算出的精制收率为99%。结果如表8所示。
在本发明的并用催化剂A和催化剂B的各实施例中,与单独使用催化剂A或催化剂B的比较例、并用伯胺或链状叔胺与催化剂B的比较例、作为现有技术的使用有机锡化合物或钛化合物作为催化剂的比较例相比,可以收率良好地得到目标的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯,并用催化剂A和催化剂B的本发明的效果极为优异。
产业实用性
根据本发明的方法,能够由多元醇和单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯以良好的收率得到多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯。由本发明方法得到的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯可作为涂料、油墨、粘合剂、光学透镜、填充剂和成型材料等配合物的交联成分、或者作为反应性稀释剂成分而适合用于各种工业用途。
Claims (4)
1.多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的制备方法,其特征在于,在使具有3个以上醇性羟基的多元醇与单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯进行酯交换反应而制备多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯时,并用下述催化剂A和催化剂B,
所述多元醇为三羟甲基乙烷、三羟甲基丙烷、甘油、甘油的环氧化物加成物、三(2-羟乙基)异氰尿酸酯、三乙醇胺、双(三羟甲基)乙烷、双(三羟甲基)丙烷、二甘油、二甘油的环氧化物加成物、季戊四醇、季戊四醇的环氧化物加成物、木糖醇、二季戊四醇、二季戊四醇的环氧化物加成物、D-山梨糖醇的任一种,
所述单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯为丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸异丁酯、丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯的任一种,
催化剂A:奎宁环、3-羟基奎宁环、三亚乙基二胺、N-甲基咪唑、1,8-二氮杂双环[5,4,0]十一-7-烯、N,N-二甲基-4-氨基吡啶中的任一种化合物,
催化剂B:乙酸锌、丙酸锌、丙烯酸锌、甲基丙烯酸锌、乙酰丙酮锌中的任一种化合物。
2.权利要求1所述的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的制备方法,其中,多元醇为季戊四醇或二季戊四醇。
3.权利要求1或2所述的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的制备方法,其中,单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯为丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯。
4.权利要求1或2所述的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的制备方法,其中,催化剂A为三亚乙基二胺,催化剂B为乙酸锌。
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