CN105993811B - A kind of method of pearl guava plantation - Google Patents
A kind of method of pearl guava plantation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105993811B CN105993811B CN201610575155.7A CN201610575155A CN105993811B CN 105993811 B CN105993811 B CN 105993811B CN 201610575155 A CN201610575155 A CN 201610575155A CN 105993811 B CN105993811 B CN 105993811B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil
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Abstract
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology fields, and in particular to a kind of method of pearl guava plantation.This method mainly includes the following steps that：(1) selection of land site preparation:Suitable soil is selected, pearl guava kind plant hole is dug on soil；(2) it plants：It applies fertilizer and then plants in kind of plant hole；(3) field management：Adjusted including a. terms, b. flower forcing, c. flower and fruit thinnings, d. baggings；(4) fruit harvesting：It can be picked after fruit maturation.The present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of pearl guava, and this method can be used for pearl guava standardized planting, can additionally adjust the pearl guava list marketing time, avoid the list marketing of pearl guava busy season, increase economic efficiency.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology fields, and in particular to a kind of method of pearl guava plantation.
【Background technology】
Pearl guava is commonly called as Ba Le or pulls out son.Be Taiwan fragrant plant pleasure it is Myrtaceae Psidium fruit tree, meat is very soft
Soft, gravy is abundant, and sweet and delicious, almost without seed, flavor is close between pears and Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.Its fruit ellipse, face
Color breast is green to milky white, extremely beautiful, contains a large amount of potassium, iron, carrotene etc., nutrition is extremely enriched.Fragrant plant pleasure is the autochthonal of Taiwan
One of fruit, or first-class one diet fruit.Because its have easily cultivation, Early Paleozoic strata (current year plantation current year yield positive results and
Perpetual bloom result), the features such as product is good-looking nice and full of nutrition, the fast-selling valence in market is high, then have become fruit development plantation
Popular kind, while also become the current fruit variety structural adjustment in South China Urban one of preferred kind.
For China's pearl guava introducing and planting time is with respect to mature fruits such as citruses, implantation time is shorter, it is most with
Based on peasant's dispersion plantation, shortage scientific management, pesticide dosage are random, and yield and quality is floated larger.The feelings routinely planted
Under condition, pearl guava just makes flower in the 4-5 months, the 7-8 months harvests and just makes fruit.Pearl guava just to make fruit yield very high,
Flowering fruit amount is big.One side fruit quality is poor, and flavor is not good enough, influences to consume, and lichee, longan largely list at this time, sell
Valence is flat low；On the other hand since plant amount is big, fruit setting is more, expends a large amount of human and material resources, to increase dose and fertilising time
Number, needs to carry out the work such as a large amount of flower thinnings, fruit thinning, bagging, producing cost is of high cost.Therefore, it is big just to make the fruit productive expenditure, operation
Amount is big, and income is few, and benefit is low.And just making the harvest time other than fruit, the quality of pearl guava is preferable, and selling price is also higher.
【Invention content】
The goal of the invention of the present invention is：It is relatively short in China to introduce a fine variety the guava time, plants shortage science pipe
Reason, the problem that fruit busy season listed price is cheap, economic benefit is low provide a kind of implantation methods of pearl guava, this method
It can be used for pearl guava standardized planting, can additionally adjust the pearl guava list marketing time, avoid pearl guava
Busy season list marketing, increases economic efficiency.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of implantation methods of pearl guava, include the following steps：
(1) selection of land site preparation：Select soil layer is deep, irrigation and drainage are convenient, it is leeward on the sunny side, P in soil H values for 6.5-7.5 soil, 3
Month is by 2.1-3.5 meters of 3.5-4.5 meters of line-spacing, spacing in the rows digging pearl guava kind plant holes, described kind of plant hole depth 0.7-1.3m, length
0.8-1.2m, width 0.7-1.2m；
(2) it plants:Bagasse after pressure squeezing, is first added quick lime, the 0.03-0.15% of bagasse weight 10-30%
Cellulase, the Bravo of 0.05-0.15% and the compost fermentation bacterium of 0.03-0.25%, by the above material stirring uniformly, rise
Heap, which ferments 1-3 days, obtains pre fermentation bagasse, and then pre fermentation bagasse is put into kind of plant hole, and it is 15-40cm to be put into height,
Then the backfilled with earth into kind of plant hole, shake soil fall bagasse gap, and soil addition is higher than bagasse level 5-
15cm, it is last to take decomposed biological organic fertilizer 10-30kg, efficient compound fertilizer 1-5kg, Bravo 0.5-1.5kg and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate per cave
0.01-0.08kg is applied in pearl guava kind plant hole after stirring evenly the above substance, then healthy pearl guava seedling is taken to put
Enter in kind of plant hole, earthing, the plantation same day pours field planting water；
(3) field management：
A. term is adjusted：It selects the pearl guava plant of life in 1.5 years or more to carry out term adjusting, stops after March
Fertilising reduces moisture and irrigates, and it is primary to carry out whole strain pruning and finishing May, liftoff in pearl guava trunk after beta pruning 15-20 days
At the 15-30cm of face, with iron wire hoop trunk, then centered on tree trunk, 0.3-0.8m be that radius digs a ring cave, finally with hiding
Light rate is that the black sunshade net of 70-85% all wraps up entire plant leaf, and shading adjusts 25-35 days terms adjusting knot
Beam；Carry out May whole strain pruning and finishing refer to it is primary to whole strain pruning and finishing, sparse branching, remove some growth positions it is bad, it is overstocked,
The old,weak,sick and disabled's branch stays and physically well develops, grows substantial branch；
B. flower forcing：After term is adjusted, first iron wire in step a and black sunshade net are removed, then decomposed biology is applied to every plant
Organic fertilizer 15-25kg, urea 2-4kg, potash fertilizer 3-6kg, fertiliser containing magnesium 1-3kg, alga fertilizer 0.5-2kg and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 0.05-0.25kg
As top dressing, then with the flower forcing medicine liquid spray pearl guava plant containing gibberellin and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, pearl guava branch is waited for
When growing bud, the 5-15% for complete stool sprouting quantity of erasing weakens apical dominance；
C. flower and fruit thinning：When pearl guava liquid distilled from honeysuckle flowers or lotus leaves goes out 60% or more bud, flower thinning, flower thinning are carried out to pearl guava
When cut and grow bad flower spike, the upper reservation good flower spike of cluster growth conditions per 15-30cm of limb, then etc. flower spikes wither length
After going out fruit, 1-4 high quality fruit is retained per cluster, cuts extra pearl guava fruit；Weeding, pruning and finishing, cold-proof, pest and disease damage is anti-
It controls, the field management of row irrigation is carried out by common method；
D. bagging：Pearl guava is born and carries out bagging processing to fruit with waterproof paper bag after fruitlet；
(4) fruit harvesting：Pearl guava pericarp is in peak green, and whens 80-95% maturations can harvest；
In step c and d, primary, the water was irrigated to pearl guava with water-fertilizer integral irrigation system every 1-5 days
In fertile integration, by weight, 3-8 parts of biological organic fertilizer, composite fertilizer 0.5-2 parts, potash fertilizer 0.5- are contained in every 1000 parts of water
1.0 parts and 0.01-0.06 parts of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate；Weeding, the field management of pruning and finishing, the cold-proof, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, row irrigation are by common
Method carries out.
Optimization, in step (2) after pearl guava seedling earthing, under seedling is up gently carried three with hand, then again by soil
Compacting.
It is more optimized, the wide 3-10cm in ring cave described in step (3), depth 5-10cm.
Re-optimization, flower forcing liquid described in step (3) is by weight, red containing mass concentration 4% in 2000 parts of water
0.8-1.5 parts of 1.2-1.6 parts of mycin missible oil and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate.
It advanced optimizes, paper bag is first put into containing Acetamiprid and methyl support by waterproof paper bag before bagging in step (3)
It is impregnated in the liquid in cloth Tianjin, taking-up carries out bagging again after drying.
Further optimize, in the liquid by weight, 10% Acetamiprid 1.25-2 is contained in every 1000 parts of water
2.1-3.3 parts of part and 70% thiophanate methyl.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. since pearl guava is the plant that can yield positive results, when the accumulation of plant pair nutrition reaches a certain level throughout the year
It can yield positive results, but normally listed price is relatively low at this time for the listing of 6-8 month results, the present invention is stopped by March
Fertilising and the measure for reducing moisture irrigation allow it to be in malnutrition growth, effectively delay plant nutrition accumulating rate, together
When it is primary to whole strain pruning and finishing, sparse branching at May, remove that some growth positions are bad, overstocked, the old,weak,sick and disabled branch, for will
It prepares to yield positive results；Plant mastery a period of time is allowed after trimming, and is taken with iron wire hoop trunk, in being then with tree trunk
The heart, 0.3-0.8m are that radius digs a ring cave, and a part of root system can be destroyed by digging a ring cave, and above method can effectively subtract
Few plant absorbs nutrient, while not influencing plant strain growth again；At this time since southern weather is awfully hot, the present invention passes through to entirely with screening
Light rate is that the black sunshade net of 70-85% all wraps up entire plant leaf, can be reduced to above-mentioned trimming, root relief, iron
Injury of the burning sun to plant after silk hoop, reduces moisture evaporation, while can also reduce the photosynthesis of blade.Term is adjusted
Afterwards, yield positive results to allow concentrate with a collection of plant, convenient for management, improve the quality of pearl guava, the present invention take fattening,
The measure of flower forcing.The present invention has effectively delayed the plant blossom time by a series of measure, has reached the work of term adjusting
With the pearl guava florescence can be adjusted to 7-8 months by the present invention, so as to 2 list pin between month in next year in November-
It sells, improves economic benefit.In terms of 2 years raw pearl guava maturation fruit trees, 4000-5000kg is produced per year per acre before not being adjusted
Left and right, busy season listing add the partially light 4 yuan/kg of average sales price of fruit quality flavor, per acre annual income 16000-20000 members；It carries out
It is average per per mu yield 3600-4000kg after term adjusting, fruit dull season listing preferable, 8 yuan/kg of average sales price plus product special flavour,
Annual income 28800-32000 members per acre, it is average to increase income the economic benefit that plantation is substantially increased up to members up to ten thousand per acre.
2. quick lime, cellulase, hundred are added by the way that bagasse is added in kind of plant hole in the present invention in bagasse
The cleer and peaceful compost fermentation bacterium of bacterium promotes bagasse decomposed in kind of plant hole, while increasing fertility, improve good soil, also has very
Good moisturizing, draining, water conservation effect enhance its ability for resisting environment especially for subtropical zone pearl guava, improve
Plant the quality and quantity survived that plants seedlings.The present invention simultaneously, also using the base manure for being suitble to pearl guava growth, in flower forcing phase and fruit
Phase uses different fertilization modes, and different fertilizer is used according to the stage difference of plant strain growth, ensures pearl guava growth,
The fruit mouthfeel sweet tea to grow out simultaneously is crisp, more gets consumer reception.
3. the present invention by by waterproof paper bag be put into the liquid of the Acetamiprid containing high concentration and thiophanate methyl impregnate,
Taking-up carries out bagging again after drying, meeting residual fraction pesticide in paper bag surface contains a certain concentration pesticide to be formed in bag
Gaseous environment, these pesticides can slowly come out after bagging, and drug effect is more longlasting, so as to effectively prevent for a long time
Injury of the pest to fruit, can also prevent the generation of some pest and disease damages.Compared to it is common spray insecticide to complete stool after again into
Row bagging, the method that the present invention uses reduces the usage amount of pesticide, while drug effect performance more mitigates, because indirect with fruit
Contact, reduces the persticide residue in fruit, more green more environmentally friendly, is planted for green ecological.
【Specific implementation mode】
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods of pearl guava, include the following steps：
(1) selection of land site preparation：Select soil layer is deep, irrigation and drainage are convenient, it is leeward on the sunny side, P in soil H values be 6.5 soil, March
By 2.1 meters of 3.5 meters of line-spacing, spacing in the rows digging pearl guava kind plant holes, kind plant hole depth 0.7m, long 0.8m, width 0.7m.
(2) it plants:Bagasse after pressure squeezing, is first added 10% quick lime of bagasse weight, 0.03% cellulose
Enzyme, 0.05% Bravo and 0.03% compost fermentation bacterium, the above material stirring is uniform, heap, which ferments 1 day, obtains pre fermentation
Then pre fermentation bagasse is put into kind of plant hole by bagasse, it is 15cm to be put into height, then backfills mud into kind of plant hole
Soil, shake soil fall bagasse gap, and soil addition is higher than bagasse level 5cm, and last every cave takes decomposed biology to have
Machine fertilizer 10kg, efficient compound fertilizer 1kg, Bravo 0.5kg and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 0.01kg, pearl is applied after the above substance is stirred evenly
In guava kind plant hole, then healthy pearl guava seedling is taken to be put into kind of plant hole, earthing, under seedling is up gently carried three with hand, so
Afterwards again by soil compaction, the plantation same day pours field planting water.
(3) field management：
A. term is adjusted：It selects the pearl guava plant of life in 1.5 years or more to carry out term adjusting, stops after March
Fertilising reduces moisture and irrigates, and it is primary to carry out whole strain pruning and finishing May, after beta pruning 15 days pearl guava trunk from the ground
At 15cm, with iron wire hoop trunk, then centered on tree trunk, 0.3m be that radius digs a ring cave, the wide 3cm in ring cave, depth 5cm,
The black sunshade net for being finally 70% with shading rate all wraps up entire plant leaf, and shading adjusts the adjusting of 25 day term
Terminate.
B. flower forcing：After term is adjusted, first iron wire in step a and black sunshade net are removed, then decomposed biology is applied to every plant
Organic fertilizer 15kg, urea 2kg, potash fertilizer 3kg, fertiliser containing magnesium 1kg, alga fertilizer 0.5kg and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 0.05kg are as top dressing, then with containing
The flower forcing medicine liquid spray pearl guava plant for having gibberellin and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate is erased full when pearl guava branch grows bud
The 5% of strain sprouting quantity weakens apical dominance；Wherein：Flower forcing liquid by weight, contains mass concentration 4% in 2000 parts of water
0.8 part of 1.2 parts of gibberellin emulsion and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate.
C. flower and fruit thinning：When pearl guava liquid distilled from honeysuckle flowers or lotus leaves goes out 60% or more bud, flower thinning, flower thinning are carried out to pearl guava
When cut and grow bad flower spike, the upper reservation good flower spike of cluster growth conditions per 15cm of limb, then etc. flower spikes, which are withered, grows
After fruit, 1 high quality fruit is retained per cluster, cuts extra pearl guava fruit；Weeding, pruning and finishing, the cold-proof, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control,
The field management of row irrigation is carried out by common method.
D. bagging：After pearl guava bears fruitlet, waterproof paper bag is taken, first paper bag is put into containing Acetamiprid and methyl
After immersion, taking-up are dried in the liquid of thiophanate, bagging processing is carried out to fruit with waterproof paper bag；In base：In liquid by weight
Part ratio contains 2.1 parts of 1.25 parts of 10% Acetamiprid and 70% thiophanate methyl in every 1000 parts of water.
(4) fruit harvesting：Pearl guava pericarp is in peak green, and 80% can harvest when ripe.
In step c and d, primary, the liquid manure was irrigated to pearl guava with water-fertilizer integral irrigation system every 1 day
It is by weight, fresh containing 3 parts of biological organic fertilizer, 0.5 part of composite fertilizer, 0.5 part of potash fertilizer and amine in every 1000 parts of water in integration
0.01 part of ester；Weeding, the field management of pruning and finishing, the cold-proof, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, row irrigation are carried out by common method.
Embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods of pearl guava, include the following steps：
(1) selection of land site preparation：Select soil layer is deep, irrigation and drainage are convenient, it is leeward on the sunny side, P in soil H values be 7.5 soil, March
By 3.5 meters of 4.5 meters of line-spacing, spacing in the rows digging pearl guava kind plant holes, kind plant hole depth 1.3m, long 1.2m, width 1.2m.
(2) it plants:Bagasse after pressure squeezing, is first added 30% quick lime of bagasse weight, 0.15% cellulose
Enzyme, 0.15% Bravo and 0.25% compost fermentation bacterium, the above material stirring is uniform, heap, which ferments 3 days, obtains pre fermentation
Then pre fermentation bagasse is put into kind of plant hole by bagasse, it is 40cm to be put into height, then backfills mud into kind of plant hole
Soil, shake soil fall bagasse gap, and soil addition is higher than bagasse level 15cm, and last every cave takes decomposed biology to have
Machine fertilizer 30kg, efficient compound fertilizer 5kg, Bravo 1.5kg and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 0.08kg, pearl is applied after the above substance is stirred evenly
In guava kind plant hole, then healthy pearl guava seedling is taken to be put into kind of plant hole, earthing, under seedling is up gently carried three with hand, so
Afterwards again by soil compaction, the plantation same day pours field planting water.
(3) field management：
A. term is adjusted：It selects the pearl guava plant of life in 1.5 years or more to carry out term adjusting, stops after March
Fertilising reduces moisture and irrigates, and it is primary to carry out whole strain pruning and finishing May, after beta pruning 20 days pearl guava trunk from the ground
At 30cm, with iron wire hoop trunk, then centered on tree trunk, 0.8m be that radius digs a ring cave, the wide 10cm in ring cave, depth
10cm, the black sunshade net for being finally 85% with shading rate all wrap up entire plant leaf, and shading is adjusted 25-35 days
Term adjusting terminates.
B. flower forcing：After term is adjusted, first iron wire in step a and black sunshade net are removed, then decomposed biology is applied to every plant
Organic fertilizer 25kg, urea 4kg, potash fertilizer 6kg, fertiliser containing magnesium 3kg, alga fertilizer 2kg and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 0.25kg are as top dressing, then with containing
The flower forcing medicine liquid spray pearl guava plant of gibberellin and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, when pearl guava branch grows bud, complete stool of erasing
The 15% of sprouting quantity weakens apical dominance；Wherein：Flower forcing liquid by weight, contains mass concentration 4% in 2000 parts of water
1.5 parts of 1.6 parts of gibberellin emulsion and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate.
C. flower and fruit thinning：When pearl guava liquid distilled from honeysuckle flowers or lotus leaves goes out 60% or more bud, flower thinning, flower thinning are carried out to pearl guava
When cut and grow bad flower spike, the upper reservation good flower spike of cluster growth conditions per 30cm of limb, then etc. flower spikes, which are withered, grows
After fruit, 4 high quality fruits are retained per cluster, cut extra pearl guava fruit；Weeding, pruning and finishing, the cold-proof, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control,
The field management of row irrigation is carried out by common method.
D. bagging：After pearl guava bears fruitlet, waterproof paper bag is taken, first paper bag is put into containing Acetamiprid and methyl
After immersion, taking-up are dried in the liquid of thiophanate, bagging processing is carried out to fruit with waterproof paper bag；In base：In liquid by weight
Part ratio contains 3.3 parts of 2 parts of 10% Acetamiprid and 70% thiophanate methyl in every 1000 parts of water.
(4) fruit harvesting：Pearl guava pericarp is in peak green, and 95% can harvest when ripe.
In step c and d, primary, the liquid manure was irrigated to pearl guava with water-fertilizer integral irrigation system every 5 days
In integration, by weight, 8 parts of biological organic fertilizer, 2 parts of composite fertilizer, 1.0 parts of potash fertilizer and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate are contained in every 1000 parts of water
0.06 part；Weeding, the field management of pruning and finishing, the cold-proof, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, row irrigation are carried out by common method.
Embodiment 3
A kind of implantation methods of pearl guava, include the following steps：
(1) selection of land site preparation：Select soil layer is deep, irrigation and drainage are convenient, it is leeward on the sunny side, P in soil H values be 6.8 soil, March
By 2.8 meters of 3.9 meters of line-spacing, spacing in the rows digging pearl guava kind plant holes, kind plant hole depth 0.9m, long 1.0m, width 0.9m.
(2) it plants:Bagasse after pressure squeezing, is first added 18% quick lime of bagasse weight, 0.08% cellulose
Enzyme, 0.09% Bravo and 0.11% compost fermentation bacterium, the above material stirring is uniform, heap, which ferments 2 days, obtains pre fermentation
Then pre fermentation bagasse is put into kind of plant hole by bagasse, it is 25cm to be put into height, then backfills mud into kind of plant hole
Soil, shake soil fall bagasse gap, and soil addition is higher than bagasse level 9cm, and last every cave takes decomposed biology to have
Machine fertilizer 18kg, efficient compound fertilizer 2kg, Bravo 0.8kg and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 0.03kg, pearl is applied after the above substance is stirred evenly
In guava kind plant hole, then healthy pearl guava seedling is taken to be put into kind of plant hole, earthing, under seedling is up gently carried three with hand, so
Afterwards again by soil compaction, the plantation same day pours field planting water.
(3) field management：
A. term is adjusted：It selects the pearl guava plant of life in 1.5 years or more to carry out term adjusting, stops after March
Fertilising reduces moisture and irrigates, and it is primary to carry out whole strain pruning and finishing May, after beta pruning 16 days pearl guava trunk from the ground
At 20cm, with iron wire hoop trunk, then centered on tree trunk, 0.5m be that radius digs a ring cave, the wide 5cm in ring cave, depth 7cm,
The black sunshade net for being finally 80% with shading rate all wraps up entire plant leaf, and shading adjusts the adjusting of 28 day term
Terminate.
B. flower forcing：After term is adjusted, first iron wire in step a and black sunshade net are removed, then decomposed biology is applied to every plant
Organic fertilizer 18kg, urea 2.5kg, potash fertilizer 4kg, fertiliser containing magnesium 1.5kg, alga fertilizer 0.9kg and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 0.12kg are as top dressing, then
It is smeared when pearl guava branch grows bud with the flower forcing medicine liquid spray pearl guava plant containing gibberellin and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate
Fall complete stool sprouting quantity 9% weakens apical dominance；Wherein：Flower forcing liquid is by weight, dense containing quality in 2000 parts of water
Spend 1.1 parts of 1.3 parts of 4% gibberellin emulsion and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate.
C. flower and fruit thinning：When pearl guava liquid distilled from honeysuckle flowers or lotus leaves goes out 60% or more bud, flower thinning, flower thinning are carried out to pearl guava
When cut and grow bad flower spike, the upper reservation good flower spike of cluster growth conditions per 22cm of limb, then etc. flower spikes, which are withered, grows
After fruit, 2 high quality fruits are retained per cluster, cut extra pearl guava fruit；Weeding, pruning and finishing, the cold-proof, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control,
The field management of row irrigation is carried out by common method.
D. bagging：After pearl guava bears fruitlet, waterproof paper bag is taken, first paper bag is put into containing Acetamiprid and methyl
After immersion, taking-up are dried in the liquid of thiophanate, bagging processing is carried out to fruit with waterproof paper bag；In base：In liquid by weight
Part ratio contains 2.7 parts of 1.5 parts of 10% Acetamiprid and 70% thiophanate methyl in every 1000 parts of water.
(4) fruit harvesting：Pearl guava pericarp is in peak green, and 85% can harvest when ripe.
In step c and d, primary, the liquid manure was irrigated to pearl guava with water-fertilizer integral irrigation system every 3 days
It is by weight, fresh containing 5 parts of biological organic fertilizer, 1.0 parts of composite fertilizer, 0.7 part of potash fertilizer and amine in every 1000 parts of water in integration
0.03 part of ester；Weeding, the field management of pruning and finishing, the cold-proof, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, row irrigation are carried out by common method.
Embodiment 4
A kind of implantation methods of pearl guava, include the following steps：
(1) selection of land site preparation：Select soil layer is deep, irrigation and drainage are convenient, it is leeward on the sunny side, P in soil H values be 7.2 soil, March
By 3.2 meters of 4.2 meters of line-spacing, spacing in the rows digging pearl guava kind plant holes, kind plant hole depth 1.1m, long 1.1m, width 1.1m.
(2) it plants:Bagasse after pressure squeezing, is first added 26% quick lime of bagasse weight, 0.12% cellulose
Enzyme, 0.13% Bravo and 0.2% compost fermentation bacterium, the above material stirring is uniform, heap, which ferments 2.5 days, obtains pre fermentation
Then pre fermentation bagasse is put into kind of plant hole by bagasse, it is 30cm to be put into height, then backfills mud into kind of plant hole
Soil, shake soil fall bagasse gap, and soil addition is higher than bagasse level 13cm, and last every cave takes decomposed biology to have
Machine fertilizer 26kg, efficient compound fertilizer 4kg, Bravo 1.3kg and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 0.06kg, pearl is applied after the above substance is stirred evenly
In guava kind plant hole, then healthy pearl guava seedling is taken to be put into kind of plant hole, earthing, under seedling is up gently carried three with hand, so
Afterwards again by soil compaction, the plantation same day pours field planting water.
(3) field management：
A. term is adjusted：It selects the pearl guava plant of life in 1.5 years or more to carry out term adjusting, stops after March
Fertilising reduces moisture and irrigates, and it is primary to carry out whole strain pruning and finishing May, after beta pruning 18 days pearl guava trunk from the ground
At 26cm, with iron wire hoop trunk, then centered on tree trunk, 0.6m be that radius digs a ring cave, the wide 8cm in ring cave, depth 9cm,
The black sunshade net for being finally 82% with shading rate all wraps up entire plant leaf, and shading adjusts the adjusting of 31 day term
Terminate.
B. flower forcing：After term is adjusted, first iron wire in step a and black sunshade net are removed, then decomposed biology is applied to every plant
Organic fertilizer 22kg, urea 3.5kg, potash fertilizer 5kg, fertiliser containing magnesium 2.6kg, alga fertilizer 1.7kg and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 0.21kg are as top dressing, then
It is smeared when pearl guava branch grows bud with the flower forcing medicine liquid spray pearl guava plant containing gibberellin and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate
The 5-15% for falling complete stool sprouting quantity weakens apical dominance；Wherein：Flower forcing liquid by weight, contains quality in 2000 parts of water
1.3 parts of 1.5 parts of 4% gibberellin emulsion of concentration and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate.
C. flower and fruit thinning：When pearl guava liquid distilled from honeysuckle flowers or lotus leaves goes out 60% or more bud, flower thinning, flower thinning are carried out to pearl guava
When cut and grow bad flower spike, the upper reservation good flower spike of cluster growth conditions per 26cm of limb, then etc. flower spikes, which are withered, grows
After fruit, 3 high quality fruits are retained per cluster, cut extra pearl guava fruit；Weeding, pruning and finishing, the cold-proof, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control,
The field management of row irrigation is carried out by common method.
D. bagging：After pearl guava bears fruitlet, waterproof paper bag is taken, first paper bag is put into containing Acetamiprid and methyl
After immersion, taking-up are dried in the liquid of thiophanate, bagging processing is carried out to fruit with waterproof paper bag；In base：In liquid by weight
Part ratio contains 3 parts of 1.8 parts of 10% Acetamiprid and 70% thiophanate methyl in every 1000 parts of water.
(4) fruit harvesting：Pearl guava pericarp is in peak green, and 90% can harvest when ripe.
In step c and d, primary, the liquid manure was irrigated to pearl guava with water-fertilizer integral irrigation system every 4 days
It is by weight, fresh containing 6 parts of biological organic fertilizer, 1.6 parts of composite fertilizer, 0.9 part of potash fertilizer and amine in every 1000 parts of water in integration
0.04 part of ester；Weeding, the field management of pruning and finishing, the cold-proof, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, row irrigation are carried out by common method.
Above description is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
Bright patent claim, it is all the present invention suggested by technical spirit under completed same changes or modifications change, should all belong to
In the covered the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method of pearl guava plantation, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
（1）Selection of land site preparation：Select soil layer is deep, irrigation and drainage are convenient, it is leeward on the sunny side, soil pH value be the soil of 6.5-7.5, March
By 2.1-3.5 meters of 3.5-4.5 meters of line-spacing, spacing in the rows digging pearl guava kind plant holes, described kind of plant hole depth 0.7-1.3m, long 0.8-
1.2m, width 0.7-1.2m；
（2）Plantation：The quick lime of bagasse weight 10-30%, the fiber of 0.03-0.15% is first added in bagasse after pressure squeezing
The compost fermentation bacterium of plain enzyme, the Bravo of 0.05-0.15% and 0.03-0.25%, the above material stirring is uniform, heap fermentation 1-
It obtains pre fermentation bagasse within 3 days, then pre fermentation bagasse is put into kind of plant hole, it is 15-40cm to be put into height, then past kind
Backfilled with earth in plant hole, shake soil fall bagasse gap, and soil addition is higher than bagasse level 5-15cm, often finally
Cave takes decomposed biological organic fertilizer 10-30kg, efficient compound fertilizer 1-5kg, Bravo 0.5-1.5kg and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 0.01-0.08kg,
It is applied in pearl guava kind plant hole after the above substance is stirred evenly, then healthy pearl guava seedling is taken to be put into kind of plant hole,
Earthing, the plantation same day pour field planting water；
（3）Field management：
A. term is adjusted：It selects the pearl guava plant of life in 1.5 years or more to carry out term adjusting, stops fertilising after March,
It reduces moisture to irrigate, it is primary to carry out whole strain pruning and finishing May, in pearl guava trunk 15- from the ground after beta pruning 15-20 days
At 30cm, with iron wire hoop trunk, then centered on trunk, 0.3-0.8m be that radius digs a ring cave, finally use shading rate
Entire plant leaf is all wrapped up for the black sunshade net of 70-85%, shading adjusts the adjusting of 25-35 days terms and terminates；
B. flower forcing：After term is adjusted, first iron wire in step a and black sunshade net are removed, then decomposed biological organic is applied to every plant
Fertile 15-25kg, urea 2-4kg, potash fertilizer 3-6kg, fertiliser containing magnesium 1-3kg, alga fertilizer 0.5-2kg and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 0.05-0.25kg conducts
Top dressing waits for that pearl guava branch is grown then with the flower forcing medicine liquid spray pearl guava plant containing gibberellin and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate
When bud, the 5-15% for complete stool sprouting quantity of erasing weakens apical dominance；
C. flower and fruit thinning：When pearl guava liquid distilled from honeysuckle flowers or lotus leaves goes out 60% or more bud, flower thinning is carried out to pearl guava, when flower thinning cuts
Then etc. fall to grow bad flower spike, retain the good flower spike of cluster growth conditions on limb per 15-30cm, flower spikes, which are withered, grows fruit
After reality, 1-4 high quality fruit is retained per cluster, cuts extra pearl guava fruit；Weeding, pruning and finishing, the cold-proof, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control,
The field management of row irrigation is carried out by common method；
D. bagging：Pearl guava is born and carries out bagging processing to fruit with waterproof paper bag after fruitlet；
（4）Fruit harvesting：Pearl guava pericarp is in peak green, and whens 80-95% maturations can harvest；
In step c and d, irrigated once to pearl guava with water-fertilizer integral irrigation system every 1-5 days, in liquid manure one
Change in irrigating, by weight, 3-8 parts of biological organic fertilizer, composite fertilizer 0.5-2 parts, potash fertilizer 0.5-1.0 is contained in every 1000 parts of water
0.01-0.06 parts of part and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate；Weeding, the field management of pruning and finishing, the cold-proof, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, row irrigation are by common side
Method carries out.
2. a kind of method of pearl guava plantation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step（2）Middle pearl kind
After pomegranate seedlings earthing, under seedling is up gently carried three with hand, then again by soil compaction.
3. a kind of method of pearl guava plantation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step（3）Described in ring
The wide 3-10cm in cave, depth 5-10cm.
4. a kind of method of pearl guava plantation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step（3）Described in urge
Anther liquid by weight, contains 1.2-1.6 parts of 4% gibberellin emulsion of mass concentration and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 0.8-1.5 in 2000 parts of water
Part.
5. a kind of method of pearl guava plantation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step（3）Middle waterproof paper
It is covered again after paper bag is first put into immersion in the liquid containing Acetamiprid and thiophanate methyl by bag before bagging, taking-up is dried
Bag.
6. a kind of method of pearl guava plantation according to claim 5, which is characterized in that it is described containing Acetamiprid and
In the liquid of thiophanate methyl by weight, 1.25-2 parts of 10% Acetamiprid and 70% thiophanate methyl are contained in every 1000 parts of water
2.1-3.3 part.
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| CN114009267B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-11-01 | 合肥康来生态农业有限公司 | Pomegranate planting method rich in polyphenol |
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| CN101401535A (en) * | 2008-11-11 | 2009-04-08 | 黄国伦 | Grow method of pearl guava |
| KR20120021505A (en) * | 2010-08-03 | 2012-03-09 | 한애정 | Super guava noned tempurch and aunder gaun guraund method |
| CN101940142A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2011-01-12 | 华侨大学 | No-pollution standardized high-yield method for cultivating guava |
| CN102047828B (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2012-07-25 | 北京市农业技术推广站 | Method for planting guavas in greenhouse in north |
| CN103583294A (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2014-02-19 | 李鼎伟 | Fruit bagging method for achieving ecological high-quality high-yield high-efficiency planting of guava |
| CN103636451B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-11-18 | 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 | Pearl guava arid hillside field Root growth method |
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